paradoxn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈparədɒks/, U.S.

/ˈpɛrəˌdɑks/

Forms: 1500s–1600s paradoxe, 1500s– paradox.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French paradoxe; Latin paradoxum.

Etymology: < (i) Middle French, French paradoxe (1495 as noun; 1372–4 in plural paradoxes as the title of a work by Cicero; 1550 as adjective (now obsolete)), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin paradoxum, paradoxon (noun) philosophical paradox (especially in plural paradoxa , Seneca; also as the title of a work by Cicero), in post-classical Latin also a figure of speech (4th cent.; earlier in Quintilian as a Greek word) < ancient Greek παράδοξον , especially in plural παράδοξα Stoical paradoxes, use as noun of neuter singular of παράδοξος (adjective) contrary to received opinion or expectation < παρα- para- prefix¹ + δόξα opinion (see doxology n.), after ancient Greek παρὰ δόξαν contrary to expectation. In sense A. 6 < scientific Latin paradoxus, proposed specific name of the platypus (J. F. Blumenbach 1800, in Göttingische Anzeigen von Gelehrten Sachen 1 609). Compare Italian paradosso, noun (a1565; beginning of the 14th cent. in Dante as the title of a work by Cicero; also 1541 as paradossa), Portuguese paradoxo (16th cent. as noun (in form paradoxa) and adjective), Spanish paradoja, noun (1611).

A. n.

†1.

a. A statement or tenet contrary to received opinion or belief, esp. one that is difficult to believe. Obsolete.Sometimes used with unfavourable connotation, as being discordant with what is held to be established truth, and hence absurd or fantastic; sometimes with favourable connotation, as a correction of a common error.

ΚΠ

1533 T. More 2nd Pt. Confut. Tyndals Answere iv. p. cii To proue vs thys wonderfull straunge paradox, thys opynyon inopinable.

1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus Prol. sig. Bii^v We shall not wytsafe any Paradoxes in noo place i. we shall not wytsafe (to speake or make mention of..) any thynges, that be aboue or beyonde the common oppynyon of men.

1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 791 Paradox is a straunge sentence, contrarie to the opinion of the most part. Or thus: It is a straunge sentence, not easely to be conceiued of the common sort.

1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. i. 116 This was sometimes a Paradox, But now the time giues it scope.

1656 T. Hobbes Questions Liberty, Necessity & Chance 239 The Bishop speaks often of Paradoxes with such scorn or detestation, that a simple Reader would take a Paradox either for Felony, or some other heinous crime,..whereas perhaps a Judicious Reader knows..that a Paradox is an opinion not yet generally received.

1697 tr. F. Burgersdijck Monitio Logica ii. xv. 65 A Paradox is said to be a Probleme true against the common Opinion..such as that, viz., the Earth moves; which, tho' it be true, yet may it be so against the common Opinion, and therefore a Paradox.

1824 T. De Quincey Dialogues Three Templars in London Mag. Apr. 344/1 A paradox, you know, is simply that which contradicts the popular opinion—which in too many cases is the false opinion.

1890 Illustr. London News 26 Apr. 535/3 A paradox is a proposition really or apparently contradictory to a commonly received idea... It is, as its name indicates, a conceit contrary to opinion, but not..contrary to reason. A position contrary to reason is a paralogism.

b. Rhetoric. A figure of speech consisting of a conclusion or apodosis contrary to what the audience has been led to expect. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > expectation > surprise, unexpectedness > [noun] > cause of surprise > contradictory outcome

paradox1678

irony1833

backfire1925

1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Paradox..In Rhetorick, it is something which is cast in by the by, contrary to the opinion or expectation of the Auditor, and is otherwise called Hypomone.

a. An apparently absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition, or a strongly counter-intuitive one, which investigation, analysis, or explanation may nevertheless prove to be well-founded or true.twin paradox: see twin adj. and n. Compounds 5.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [noun]

paradox1569

paradoxy1646

lucus a non lucendo1711

1569 T. Watson in R. Crowley Sophistrie T. Watson i. 187 Your straunge Paradox of Christes eating of his owne fleshe.

1606 J. Hayward Rep. Disc. Supreme Power 3 Three or foure at the table, who esteemed that which I had said, not for a paradoxe, but for an Adoxe, or flat absurditie.

1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue iv. 195 I can tell you a pretie paradoxe..Boggy and spungy ground,..though in it owne nature it be too moist, yet if it be overflowed with water often, it will settle and become firme.

1692 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. ii. 36 'Tis no less a Truth than a Paradox, That there are no greater Fools, than Atheistical Wits; and none so credulous as Infidels.

a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) XI. 127 If you will admit the paradox, it makes a man do more than he can do.

a1806 S. Horsley Serm. (1811) 369 Of the two parts..of a paradox, both are often true, and yet, when proved to be true, may continue paradoxical.

1809 S. T. Coleridge Friend 14 Sept. 69 The legal Paradox, that a Libel may be the more a Libel for being true.

1885 J. R. Seeley Introd. Polit. Sci. (1896) i. 3 In my opinion, to lecture on political science is to lecture on history. Here is the Paradox—I use the word in its original sense of a proposition which is really true, though it sounds false.

1902 Daily Chron. 30 Oct. 3/1 Perhaps the only immortal paradoxes are the divine paradoxes called Beatitudes; for each generation sees their truth, but as no one ever acts upon them, their paradox comes with perpetual freshness to every age.

1956 E. Fromm Art of Loving ii. 21 In love the paradox occurs that two beings become one and yet remain two.

1990 Ess. in Crit. xl. 283 The paradox that spontaneity of expression demanded premeditated art was well understood.

b. A proposition or statement that is (taken to be) actually self-contradictory, absurd, or intrinsically unreasonable.Some scholars (cf. quot. 1639) have denied statements to be paradoxes when they can be proved after all to be true, or have called them ‘apparent paradoxes’ (cf. quots. 1794, 1876), when they are paradoxes in sense A. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [noun] > paradoxicality or self-contradiction > paradox or dichotomy

paradox1570

contra-indicant1796

antinomy1802

antinome1864

dichotomy1903

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > lack of truth, falsity > [noun] > false proposition, statement, etc.

falsec1380

falsehood1393

falsity1557

paradox1570

slip1579

fallacy1590

falsism1835

unfact1887

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1299/1 This monstrous paradoxe of transubstantiation was neuer induced or receaued publickly in the Churche, before the tyme of y^e Lateran Councell.

1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. iii. 252 Berow... No face is fayre that is not full so blacke. King. O paradox, Blacke is the badge of Hell.

1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer iii. 39 Vulgar men, doe such expressions hold To be but idle Paradoxes.

1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iii. iv. 115 It is therefore no Paradox to say, That in some case the strength of a kingdome doth consist in the weaknesse of it.

1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 48 The most grosse and massy paradox that ever did violence to reason and religion.

1777 J. Priestley Doctr. Philos. Necessity ix. 110 This will be no paradox, but a most important and necessary truth.

1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. II. xvii. 336 The apparent paradox of the pur-blind, or those who can scarcely see a small object at arm's length, yet discovering those that are very remote.

1822 Ld. Jeffrey in Life (1852) II. 211 The dulness is increased in proportion to the density, and the book becomes ten times more tedious by its compression. This is not a paradox now, but a simple truth.

1876 L. Stephen Hist. Eng. Thought 18th Cent. II. 375 The apparent paradox that while no man sets a higher value upon truthfulness..than Johnson, no man could care less for the foundations of speculative truth.

1923 G. M. Trevelyan Manin & Venetian Revol. ii. 29 It is no paradox to say that ‘Municipalism’, in the sense of the Italian's feeling of pride in his town or city, was the great instrument of Italian unification.

1981 Dict. National Biogr. 1961–70 107/2 He was curiously unconscious of many of the glaring paradoxes and contradictions contained in his own beliefs.

c. Logic. An argument, based on (apparently) acceptable premises and using (apparently) valid reasoning, which leads to a conclusion that is against sense, logically unacceptable, or self-contradictory; the conclusion of such an argument. Frequently with a descriptive or eponymous name.Grelling's, prediction, Russell's paradox: see the first element. paradox of the liar: see liar n. b.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > logical argument > [noun] > logical fallacy > paradox

paradox1903

1903 B. Russell Princ. Math. xliii. 358 This paradox, which, as I shall show, is strictly correlative to the Achilles, may be called for convenience the Tristram Shandy.

1921 W. E. Johnson Logic I. iii. 45 The paradox of implication assumes many forms, some of which are not easily recognised as involving mere varieties of the same fundamental principle.

1955 A. N. Prior Formal Logic iii. i. 224 As with Lewis's paradoxes, these appear less startling when the definitions of the terms used are considered.

1973 J. L. Mackie Truth, Probability & Paradox vi. 237 There is a group of paradoxes..which includes the Epimenides and other forms of the liar, heterologicality, Russell's class paradox..and so on.

2011 J. Gleick Information vi. 180 Another paradox of Russell's is the Barber paradox. The barber is the man (let us say) who shaves all the men, and only those, who do not shave themselves. Does the barber shave himself? If he does he does not, and if he does not he does.

a. Paradoxical character; paradoxicality.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [noun] > paradoxicality or self-contradiction

self-repugnance1532

paradox1589

paradoxicalness1668

self-repugnancy1674

militation1778

paradoxy1796

paradoxicality1815

schizophrenia1933

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [noun] > quality of

paradox1589

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xxix. 46 It may be true in manner of Paradoxe.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iv. xliv. 348 In both these interpretations, there is so much of paradox, that I trust not to them.

1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1845) IV. xliv. 186 They imbibed..the love of paradox..and a minute attachment to words and verbal distinctions.

a1852 D. Webster Wks. (1877) II. 91 A distinguished lover of liberty of our time, said, with apparent paradox, that the quantity of liberty in any country is exactly equal to the quantity of restraint.

1869 J. Martineau Ess. Philos. & Theol. 2nd Ser. 88 A perpetual source of fallacy and paradox.

1902 Daily Chron. 30 Oct. 3/1 Each generation sees their [sc. the Beatitudes'] truth, but as no one ever acts upon them, their paradox comes with perpetual freshness to every age.

1992 New Republic 13 July 41/2 The mood of his painting is edgy, keyed-up; there is an air of crisis and paradox.

b. Literary Criticism. The expression of meaning using language that is paradoxical.

ΚΠ

1939 C. Brooks & R. P. Warren Understanding Poetry vi. 637 Paradox, a statement which seems on the surface contradictory, but which involves an element of truth. Because of the element of contrast between the form of the statement and its true implications, paradox is closely related to irony.

1947 C. Brooks Well Wrought Urn 230 Paradox, as a device for contrasting the conventional views of a situation, or the limited and special view of it such as those taken in practical and scientific discourse, with a more inclusive view.

1992 Stud. Eng. Lit.: Eng. Number (Tokyo) 113 His poems are at odds with the modernist belief that the essential qualities of poetry are irony, ambiguity and paradox.

4. A composition in prose or verse expounding a paradox. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > [noun] > other spec.

defence1546

paradox1594

secret history1650

pentaglot1727

morceau1748

murdering piece1797

pièce de circonstance1830

national epic1841

scholarly edition1850

cantefable1903

chantefable1937

1594 J. Sylvester tr. O. de La Noue (title) The profit of imprisonment. A paradox [Fr. Paradoxe, que les aduersitez sont plus necessaires que les prosperitez].

1607 T. Dekker & G. Wilkins (title) Iests to make you merie: with the conjuring up of Cock Watt... And a paradox in praise of serjeants.

1640 W. Hamond (title) A paradox. Prooving, that the inhabitants of..Madagascar,..are the happiest people in the world.

1699 W. Dove (title) The sceptical muse: or, A paradox on humane understanding, a poem.

1865 F. W. O. Ward (title) Pessimus: a poem in prose, and a paradox, by Young England.

1895 Dict. National Biogr. XLIII. 370/1 The epigrams..are surmounted by clever Latin mottoes, and are followed by three satires and a paradox upon war.

1901 W. D. Forsyth (title) A paradox in line, by J. J. Jezreel, ‘how to know a stranger’ or, Israel's sojourning in Egypt and their deliverance from bondage.

5. A person or thing whose life or behaviour is characterized by paradox; a paradoxical phenomenon or occurrence, spec. one that exhibits some contradiction or conflict with preconceived notions of what is reasonable or possible.hydrostatic, Olbers' paradox: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [noun] > inconsistency or contradiction > one who or that which is inconsistent

paradoxa1625

incoherent1823

a1625 J. Fletcher Womans Prize iv. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ppppp^v/2 Not let his wife come neere him in his sicknes..Is she refus'd? and two old Paradoxes, Peeces of five and fifty, without faith Clapt in upon him?

a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1690) 92 The wonderful Paradox that Englishmen..pay Customs as Foreigners for all they spend in Ireland.

1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 45 He's a down-right Paradox.

1834 Pearl & Lit. Gaz. 15 Feb. 112/3 Man presents himself as the same mysterious paradox now that he ever has.

1865 D. Masson Recent Brit. Philos. 393 He has had to assume an inexplicability, an inconceivability, a paradox, as nevertheless a fact.

1939 Fortune Nov. 38/2 It would be too extravagant to say that the Denver Opportunity School dissolves the apparent paradox of simultaneous unemployment and skilled-labor shortages.

1992 Apollo June 397/1 Pompeii is a paradox. Buried by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79, it is a kind of time-capsule that preserves the houses, furnishings, bric-a-bràc, graffiti and even..the people of a 2,000-year-old civilization.

†6. Zoology. The platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > group Implacenta > [noun] > group Prototheria or Monotremata > duck-billed platypus

platypus1799

ornithorhynchus1800

water mole1800

paradox1815

duck-bill1840

tambreet1840

duck-billed platypus1847

duck-mole1875

1815 in J. O'Hara Hist. New S. Wales (1817) 452 The water-mole, or paradox, also abounds in all the rivers and ponds.

†B. adj.

Paradoxical. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [adjective]

paradoxal1602

paradox1624

paradoxial1624

paradoxic1632

paradoxical1638

paradoxographical1814

Irish1820

ironical1868

ironic1889

1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia vi. 220 Let no man then condemne this paradox opinion.

1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 61 Though paradox it may seem, and out of the rode of common beleef.

1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements iii. 61 Many paradox and wonderfull consectaries.

Compounds

paradox-monger n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [noun] > propounder of

paradox-monger1642

paradoxist1672

paradoxer1863

1642 T. Fuller Holy State ii. iv. 62 A Paradox-monger, loving to hold strange yea dangerous Opinions.

1879 Spectator 23 Aug. 1069 Which made the same brilliant paradoxmonger [sc. Prof. Clifford] enjoy saying, ‘There is one thing in the world more wicked than the desire to command, and that is the will to obey’.

1995 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 8 June 16 If you suggest..that Islam is, on the face of it, the most rational of the monotheistic religions, you will usually be regarded as a dreamer and paradox-monger.

paradox-mongering n.

ΚΠ

1979 C. James in Observer 17 June 33/4 It might sound like paradox-mongering to say so, but there is something innocent about the supposition that happiness can be found by gratifying the body's wishes.

1990 New Republic (Nexis) 8 Oct. 42 He has little patience with the medical ignorance and shallow paradox-mongering that has greeted Foucault's glorification of the role of preinstitutionalized psychotics in medieval urban life.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	paradox
释义	paradoxn.adj. Brit. /ˈparədɒks/, U.S. /ˈpɛrəˌdɑks/ Forms: 1500s–1600s paradoxe, 1500s– paradox. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French paradoxe; Latin paradoxum. Etymology: < (i) Middle French, French paradoxe (1495 as noun; 1372–4 in plural paradoxes as the title of a work by Cicero; 1550 as adjective (now obsolete)), and its etymon (ii) classical Latin paradoxum, paradoxon (noun) philosophical paradox (especially in plural paradoxa , Seneca; also as the title of a work by Cicero), in post-classical Latin also a figure of speech (4th cent.; earlier in Quintilian as a Greek word) < ancient Greek παράδοξον , especially in plural παράδοξα Stoical paradoxes, use as noun of neuter singular of παράδοξος (adjective) contrary to received opinion or expectation < παρα- para- prefix¹ + δόξα opinion (see doxology n.), after ancient Greek παρὰ δόξαν contrary to expectation. In sense A. 6 < scientific Latin paradoxus, proposed specific name of the platypus (J. F. Blumenbach 1800, in Göttingische Anzeigen von Gelehrten Sachen 1 609). Compare Italian paradosso, noun (a1565; beginning of the 14th cent. in Dante as the title of a work by Cicero; also 1541 as paradossa), Portuguese paradoxo (16th cent. as noun (in form paradoxa) and adjective), Spanish paradoja, noun (1611). A. n. †1. a. A statement or tenet contrary to received opinion or belief, esp. one that is difficult to believe. Obsolete.Sometimes used with unfavourable connotation, as being discordant with what is held to be established truth, and hence absurd or fantastic; sometimes with favourable connotation, as a correction of a common error. ΚΠ 1533 T. More 2nd Pt. Confut. Tyndals Answere iv. p. cii To proue vs thys wonderfull straunge paradox, thys opynyon inopinable. 1540 J. Palsgrave tr. G. Gnapheus Comedye of Acolastus Prol. sig. Bii^v We shall not wytsafe any Paradoxes in noo place i. we shall not wytsafe (to speake or make mention of..) any thynges, that be aboue or beyonde the common oppynyon of men. 1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 791 Paradox is a straunge sentence, contrarie to the opinion of the most part. Or thus: It is a straunge sentence, not easely to be conceiued of the common sort. 1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. i. 116 This was sometimes a Paradox, But now the time giues it scope. 1656 T. Hobbes Questions Liberty, Necessity & Chance 239 The Bishop speaks often of Paradoxes with such scorn or detestation, that a simple Reader would take a Paradox either for Felony, or some other heinous crime,..whereas perhaps a Judicious Reader knows..that a Paradox is an opinion not yet generally received. 1697 tr. F. Burgersdijck Monitio Logica ii. xv. 65 A Paradox is said to be a Probleme true against the common Opinion..such as that, viz., the Earth moves; which, tho' it be true, yet may it be so against the common Opinion, and therefore a Paradox. 1824 T. De Quincey Dialogues Three Templars in London Mag. Apr. 344/1 A paradox, you know, is simply that which contradicts the popular opinion—which in too many cases is the false opinion. 1890 Illustr. London News 26 Apr. 535/3 A paradox is a proposition really or apparently contradictory to a commonly received idea... It is, as its name indicates, a conceit contrary to opinion, but not..contrary to reason. A position contrary to reason is a paralogism. b. Rhetoric. A figure of speech consisting of a conclusion or apodosis contrary to what the audience has been led to expect. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > expectation > surprise, unexpectedness > [noun] > cause of surprise > contradictory outcome paradox1678 irony1833 backfire1925 1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Paradox..In Rhetorick, it is something which is cast in by the by, contrary to the opinion or expectation of the Auditor, and is otherwise called Hypomone. 2. a. An apparently absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition, or a strongly counter-intuitive one, which investigation, analysis, or explanation may nevertheless prove to be well-founded or true.twin paradox: see twin adj. and n. Compounds 5. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [noun] paradox1569 paradoxy1646 lucus a non lucendo1711 1569 T. Watson in R. Crowley Sophistrie T. Watson i. 187 Your straunge Paradox of Christes eating of his owne fleshe. 1606 J. Hayward Rep. Disc. Supreme Power 3 Three or foure at the table, who esteemed that which I had said, not for a paradoxe, but for an Adoxe, or flat absurditie. 1607 J. Norden Surueyors Dialogue iv. 195 I can tell you a pretie paradoxe..Boggy and spungy ground,..though in it owne nature it be too moist, yet if it be overflowed with water often, it will settle and become firme. 1692 R. Bentley Boyle Lect. ii. 36 'Tis no less a Truth than a Paradox, That there are no greater Fools, than Atheistical Wits; and none so credulous as Infidels. a1716 R. South Serm. Several Occasions (1744) XI. 127 If you will admit the paradox, it makes a man do more than he can do. a1806 S. Horsley Serm. (1811) 369 Of the two parts..of a paradox, both are often true, and yet, when proved to be true, may continue paradoxical. 1809 S. T. Coleridge Friend 14 Sept. 69 The legal Paradox, that a Libel may be the more a Libel for being true. 1885 J. R. Seeley Introd. Polit. Sci. (1896) i. 3 In my opinion, to lecture on political science is to lecture on history. Here is the Paradox—I use the word in its original sense of a proposition which is really true, though it sounds false. 1902 Daily Chron. 30 Oct. 3/1 Perhaps the only immortal paradoxes are the divine paradoxes called Beatitudes; for each generation sees their truth, but as no one ever acts upon them, their paradox comes with perpetual freshness to every age. 1956 E. Fromm Art of Loving ii. 21 In love the paradox occurs that two beings become one and yet remain two. 1990 Ess. in Crit. xl. 283 The paradox that spontaneity of expression demanded premeditated art was well understood. b. A proposition or statement that is (taken to be) actually self-contradictory, absurd, or intrinsically unreasonable.Some scholars (cf. quot. 1639) have denied statements to be paradoxes when they can be proved after all to be true, or have called them ‘apparent paradoxes’ (cf. quots. 1794, 1876), when they are paradoxes in sense A. 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [noun] > paradoxicality or self-contradiction > paradox or dichotomy paradox1570 contra-indicant1796 antinomy1802 antinome1864 dichotomy1903 the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > lack of truth, falsity > [noun] > false proposition, statement, etc. falsec1380 falsehood1393 falsity1557 paradox1570 slip1579 fallacy1590 falsism1835 unfact1887 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 1299/1 This monstrous paradoxe of transubstantiation was neuer induced or receaued publickly in the Churche, before the tyme of y^e Lateran Councell. 1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. iii. 252 Berow... No face is fayre that is not full so blacke. King. O paradox, Blacke is the badge of Hell. View more context for this quotation 1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer iii. 39 Vulgar men, doe such expressions hold To be but idle Paradoxes. 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre iii. iv. 115 It is therefore no Paradox to say, That in some case the strength of a kingdome doth consist in the weaknesse of it. 1645 J. Milton Tetrachordon 48 The most grosse and massy paradox that ever did violence to reason and religion. 1777 J. Priestley Doctr. Philos. Necessity ix. 110 This will be no paradox, but a most important and necessary truth. 1794 G. Adams Lect. Nat. & Exper. Philos. II. xvii. 336 The apparent paradox of the pur-blind, or those who can scarcely see a small object at arm's length, yet discovering those that are very remote. 1822 Ld. Jeffrey in Life (1852) II. 211 The dulness is increased in proportion to the density, and the book becomes ten times more tedious by its compression. This is not a paradox now, but a simple truth. 1876 L. Stephen Hist. Eng. Thought 18th Cent. II. 375 The apparent paradox that while no man sets a higher value upon truthfulness..than Johnson, no man could care less for the foundations of speculative truth. 1923 G. M. Trevelyan Manin & Venetian Revol. ii. 29 It is no paradox to say that ‘Municipalism’, in the sense of the Italian's feeling of pride in his town or city, was the great instrument of Italian unification. 1981 Dict. National Biogr. 1961–70 107/2 He was curiously unconscious of many of the glaring paradoxes and contradictions contained in his own beliefs. c. Logic. An argument, based on (apparently) acceptable premises and using (apparently) valid reasoning, which leads to a conclusion that is against sense, logically unacceptable, or self-contradictory; the conclusion of such an argument. Frequently with a descriptive or eponymous name.Grelling's, prediction, Russell's paradox: see the first element. paradox of the liar: see liar n. b. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > logical syllogism > logical argument > [noun] > logical fallacy > paradox paradox1903 1903 B. Russell Princ. Math. xliii. 358 This paradox, which, as I shall show, is strictly correlative to the Achilles, may be called for convenience the Tristram Shandy. 1921 W. E. Johnson Logic I. iii. 45 The paradox of implication assumes many forms, some of which are not easily recognised as involving mere varieties of the same fundamental principle. 1955 A. N. Prior Formal Logic iii. i. 224 As with Lewis's paradoxes, these appear less startling when the definitions of the terms used are considered. 1973 J. L. Mackie Truth, Probability & Paradox vi. 237 There is a group of paradoxes..which includes the Epimenides and other forms of the liar, heterologicality, Russell's class paradox..and so on. 2011 J. Gleick Information vi. 180 Another paradox of Russell's is the Barber paradox. The barber is the man (let us say) who shaves all the men, and only those, who do not shave themselves. Does the barber shave himself? If he does he does not, and if he does not he does. 3. a. Paradoxical character; paradoxicality. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > [noun] > paradoxicality or self-contradiction self-repugnance1532 paradox1589 paradoxicalness1668 self-repugnancy1674 militation1778 paradoxy1796 paradoxicality1815 schizophrenia1933 the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [noun] > quality of paradox1589 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. xxix. 46 It may be true in manner of Paradoxe. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan iv. xliv. 348 In both these interpretations, there is so much of paradox, that I trust not to them. 1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1845) IV. xliv. 186 They imbibed..the love of paradox..and a minute attachment to words and verbal distinctions. a1852 D. Webster Wks. (1877) II. 91 A distinguished lover of liberty of our time, said, with apparent paradox, that the quantity of liberty in any country is exactly equal to the quantity of restraint. 1869 J. Martineau Ess. Philos. & Theol. 2nd Ser. 88 A perpetual source of fallacy and paradox. 1902 Daily Chron. 30 Oct. 3/1 Each generation sees their [sc. the Beatitudes'] truth, but as no one ever acts upon them, their paradox comes with perpetual freshness to every age. 1992 New Republic 13 July 41/2 The mood of his painting is edgy, keyed-up; there is an air of crisis and paradox. b. Literary Criticism. The expression of meaning using language that is paradoxical. ΚΠ 1939 C. Brooks & R. P. Warren Understanding Poetry vi. 637 Paradox, a statement which seems on the surface contradictory, but which involves an element of truth. Because of the element of contrast between the form of the statement and its true implications, paradox is closely related to irony. 1947 C. Brooks Well Wrought Urn 230 Paradox, as a device for contrasting the conventional views of a situation, or the limited and special view of it such as those taken in practical and scientific discourse, with a more inclusive view. 1992 Stud. Eng. Lit.: Eng. Number (Tokyo) 113 His poems are at odds with the modernist belief that the essential qualities of poetry are irony, ambiguity and paradox. 4. A composition in prose or verse expounding a paradox. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > a written composition > [noun] > other spec. defence1546 paradox1594 secret history1650 pentaglot1727 morceau1748 murdering piece1797 pièce de circonstance1830 national epic1841 scholarly edition1850 cantefable1903 chantefable1937 1594 J. Sylvester tr. O. de La Noue (title) The profit of imprisonment. A paradox [Fr. Paradoxe, que les aduersitez sont plus necessaires que les prosperitez]. 1607 T. Dekker & G. Wilkins (title) Iests to make you merie: with the conjuring up of Cock Watt... And a paradox in praise of serjeants. 1640 W. Hamond (title) A paradox. Prooving, that the inhabitants of..Madagascar,..are the happiest people in the world. 1699 W. Dove (title) The sceptical muse: or, A paradox on humane understanding, a poem. 1865 F. W. O. Ward (title) Pessimus: a poem in prose, and a paradox, by Young England. 1895 Dict. National Biogr. XLIII. 370/1 The epigrams..are surmounted by clever Latin mottoes, and are followed by three satires and a paradox upon war. 1901 W. D. Forsyth (title) A paradox in line, by J. J. Jezreel, ‘how to know a stranger’ or, Israel's sojourning in Egypt and their deliverance from bondage. 5. A person or thing whose life or behaviour is characterized by paradox; a paradoxical phenomenon or occurrence, spec. one that exhibits some contradiction or conflict with preconceived notions of what is reasonable or possible.hydrostatic, Olbers' paradox: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [noun] > inconsistency or contradiction > one who or that which is inconsistent paradoxa1625 incoherent1823 a1625 J. Fletcher Womans Prize iv. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ppppp^v/2 Not let his wife come neere him in his sicknes..Is she refus'd? and two old Paradoxes, Peeces of five and fifty, without faith Clapt in upon him? a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1690) 92 The wonderful Paradox that Englishmen..pay Customs as Foreigners for all they spend in Ireland. 1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 45 He's a down-right Paradox. 1834 Pearl & Lit. Gaz. 15 Feb. 112/3 Man presents himself as the same mysterious paradox now that he ever has. 1865 D. Masson Recent Brit. Philos. 393 He has had to assume an inexplicability, an inconceivability, a paradox, as nevertheless a fact. 1939 Fortune Nov. 38/2 It would be too extravagant to say that the Denver Opportunity School dissolves the apparent paradox of simultaneous unemployment and skilled-labor shortages. 1992 Apollo June 397/1 Pompeii is a paradox. Buried by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79, it is a kind of time-capsule that preserves the houses, furnishings, bric-a-bràc, graffiti and even..the people of a 2,000-year-old civilization. †6. Zoology. The platypus, Ornithorhynchus anatinus. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Implacenta > [noun] > group Prototheria or Monotremata > duck-billed platypus platypus1799 ornithorhynchus1800 water mole1800 paradox1815 duck-bill1840 tambreet1840 duck-billed platypus1847 duck-mole1875 1815 in J. O'Hara Hist. New S. Wales (1817) 452 The water-mole, or paradox, also abounds in all the rivers and ponds. †B. adj. Paradoxical. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [adjective] paradoxal1602 paradox1624 paradoxial1624 paradoxic1632 paradoxical1638 paradoxographical1814 Irish1820 ironical1868 ironic1889 1624 J. Smith Gen. Hist. Virginia vi. 220 Let no man then condemne this paradox opinion. 1655 H. L'Estrange Reign King Charles 61 Though paradox it may seem, and out of the rode of common beleef. 1660 tr. I. Barrow Euclide's Elements iii. 61 Many paradox and wonderfull consectaries. Compounds paradox-monger n. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > [noun] > propounder of paradox-monger1642 paradoxist1672 paradoxer1863 1642 T. Fuller Holy State ii. iv. 62 A Paradox-monger, loving to hold strange yea dangerous Opinions. 1879 Spectator 23 Aug. 1069 Which made the same brilliant paradoxmonger [sc. Prof. Clifford] enjoy saying, ‘There is one thing in the world more wicked than the desire to command, and that is the will to obey’. 1995 Daily Tel. (Nexis) 8 June 16 If you suggest..that Islam is, on the face of it, the most rational of the monotheistic religions, you will usually be regarded as a dreamer and paradox-monger. paradox-mongering n. ΚΠ 1979 C. James in Observer 17 June 33/4 It might sound like paradox-mongering to say so, but there is something innocent about the supposition that happiness can be found by gratifying the body's wishes. 1990 New Republic (Nexis) 8 Oct. 42 He has little patience with the medical ignorance and shallow paradox-mongering that has greeted Foucault's glorification of the role of preinstitutionalized psychotics in medieval urban life. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). paradoxv. Brit. /ˈparədɒks/, U.S. /ˈpɛrəˌdɑks/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: paradox n. Etymology: < paradox n. Compare paradoxing n. rare. †1. transitive. To cause to have a paradoxical character. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > contrariety or contrast > be contrary to [verb (transitive)] > affect with a paradox paradox1661 1661 O. Felltham Resolves (rev. ed.) 208 The same City that bred him a slave; for his vertues, chose him a King; and to his eternal Honour, left his Statue paradox'd, with Servitude and Royalty. 1691 E. Scarisbrick Life Lady Warner i. iii. 20 Such passages as these are often Paradox'd, and Ridicul'd as a peice of bigottry. 2. transitive. To bring or drive into a baffled or confused state by the use of paradox. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > achieve by paradox [verb (transitive)] paradox1692 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables cccxciv. 368 'Tis an easie matter..to Paradox the Multitude into what Opinion any Man pleases. 1702 R. L'Estrange tr. Josephus Life in Wks. 995 Paradoxing Soberer Men than himself out of their Senses. 1889 G. B. Shaw in Star 13 Dec. 2/4 Mr. [W. S.] Gilbert's paradoxical wit..is nothing to me... I could paradox Mr. Gilbert's head off were I not convinced that such trifling is morally unjustifiable. 1990 Arch. Dis. Childhood 65 600/2 Their treatment sessions of anorectic and psychotic patients and their families culminated in the whole family being ‘paradoxed’ with a prescription telling them to continue with the symptom and related behaviours because it benefitted them and the whole family. †3. transitive. With it. To utter paradoxes. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > equivocal quality, ambiguity > paradox > utter paradoxes [verb (intransitive)] paradoxa1811 a1811 R. Cumberland tr. Aristophanes Clouds in T. Mitchell tr. Aristophanes Comedies (1822) II. 46 I could..dogmatize..and dispute And paradox it with the best of you. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1533v.1661
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paradoxn.adj.

Compounds

paradoxv.