palimpsestn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈpalᵻm(p)sɛst/, U.S.

/ˈpæləm(p)ˌsɛst/

Forms:

α. 1600s palimpsestus, 1700s palimpseston.

β. 1800s palimpsestes (plural), 1800s– palimpsest, 1900s– palimsest (nonstandard).

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin palimpsēstus.

Etymology: < classical Latin palimpsēstus paper or parchment which has been written on again < Hellenistic Greek παλίμψηστος scraped again, also παλίμψηστον a parchment from which writing has been erased < ancient Greek πάλιν again (see palinodia n.) + -ψηστός < ψῆν to rub smooth ( < the same Indo-European base as Sanskrit bhas-, psā- to crush, chew, devour) + epenthetic -σ- + -τός, suffix forming verbal adjectives. Compare Middle French, French palimpseste (1542 as noun, 1573 as adjective, both in isolated attestations; subsequently in spec. palaeographical sense from 1813 as noun, from 1817 as adjective), Italian palinsesto, (now rare) palimpsesto (in isolated attestations 16th–17th cent., and 1611 in Florio as †palimsesto; subsequently in the specific palaeographical sense from the early 19th cent.).In form palimpseston directly < Hellenistic Greek παλίμψηστον . In sense B. 3 after German Palimpsest (in Palimpsest-struktur ; 1907 in the passage translated in quot. 1912 at sense B. 3).

A. n.

†1. Paper, parchment, or other writing material designed to be reusable after any writing on it has been erased. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > [noun] > prepared for use again

palimpsest1661

1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 7 The chalked skinne for a palimpsestus, serving in stead of a table book.

1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura iv. 47 In writing, the use of the Palimpsestus..and the like.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Palimpseston,..a sort of Paper or Parchment, that was generally us'd for making the first draught of things, which might be wip'd out, and new wrote in the same Place.

a. A parchment or other writing surface on which the original text has been effaced or partially erased, and then overwritten by another; a manuscript in which later writing has been superimposed on earlier (effaced) writing. Cf. sense B. 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written text > layout > [noun] > writing on top of other writing > palimpsest

rescript1817

palimpsest1825

1825 Gentleman's Mag. 95 i. 348 Monsignore Angelo Mayo..celebrated for his discoveries in the ‘Palimpsestes’.

1838 T. Arnold Hist. Rome I. 256 (note) The Institutes of Gaius..was first discovered..in a palimpsest, or rewritten manuscript of..works of S. Jerome, in the Chapter Library at Verona.

1875 F. H. A. Scrivener 6 Lect. Text New Test. 18 To decipher a double palimpsest calls for the masterhood of a Tischendorf.

1904 A. Conan Doyle Return of Sherlock Holmes x, in Strand Mag. July 3/1 Holmes and I sat.., he engaged with a powerful lens deciphering the remains of the original inscription upon a palimpsest.

1946 E. Diehl Bookbinding i. iv. 47 Some of the theological texts were palimpsests, manuscripts copied on vellum sheets taken from texts of Latin classics which had been erased.

1991 L. D. Reynolds & N. G. Wilson Scribes & Scholars (ed. 3) 192 A new series of discoveries..began with the realization that some classical texts still lay hidden in the lower script of palimpsests.

b. In extended use: a thing likened to such a writing surface, esp. in having been reused or altered while still retaining traces of its earlier form; a multilayered record.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > changeableness > [noun] > changeable person or thing

weathercocka1300

wind?a1513

Proteus1528

chameleon1586

moon's man1598

vane1598

mooncalf1607

remover1609

tarand1641

inconstant1647

mutables1652

changeablea1711

kaleidoscope1819

phantasmagoria1822

palimpsest1845

variable1846

1845 T. De Quincey Suspiria de Profundis in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 742/1 What else than a natural and mighty palimpsest is the human brain?

1856 E. B. Browning Aurora Leigh i. 30 Let who says ‘The soul's a clean white paper,’ rather say, A palimpsest..Defiled.

1879 G. H. Lewes Study Psychol. viii. 153 History unrolls the palimpsest of mental evolution.

1949 ‘G. Orwell’ Nineteen Eighty-four i. iv. 42 All history was a palimpsest, scraped clean and re-inscribed exactly as often as was necessary.

1962 R. Page Educ. Gardener x. 294 In Italy every town and house..is a palimpsest of two or three thousand years of building and decay.

1995 Times 9 Mar. 38/4 The absurdity and high emotion that characterises the palimpsest that is India.

†3. A monumental brass plate turned and re-engraved on the reverse side. Cf. A. 2. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > record > memorial or monument > [noun] > others

ossuary1872

palimpsest1876

war memorial1912

field monument1923

time capsule1938

society > communication > writing > written text > an inscription > [noun] > inscribed tablet, slab, or plate

tableOE

tabletc1350

titlea1382

tablature1578

aback1592

plate1668

breastplate1773

stela1776

stele1820

brass plate1836

palimpsest1876

plaque1922

1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 219/2 A large number of brasses in England are palimpsests, the back of an ancient brass having been engraved for the more recent memorial.

1877 L. Jewitt Half-hours among Eng. Antiq. 132 They were frequently laid down to other persons, or re-engraved on the other side, and hence called palimpsests.

4. Physical Geography and Geology. A structure characterized by superimposed features produced at two or more distinct periods.

ΚΠ

1914 G. Taylor in Geogr. Jrnl. 44 562 Reverting to the Taylor trog-tal (Fig. 8), I explain the topography as follows (in accord with the ‘palimpsest’ theory).

1952 Geogr. Jrnl. 118 468 Elements of the Early Tertiary sub-aerial surface were apparently not completely erased by the marine transgressions, and this palimpsest of an earlier period has clearly influenced in places certain of the river courses.

1978 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 282 435 The lutite contains faintly outlined palimpsests of algal form.

1984 Geografisker Annaler A. 66 385 It follows that the fjord system should maintain a memory of the earlier pluvial physiography and that the present landscape is a geomorphic palimpsest.

B. adj.

1. Of a manuscript or writing surface: written over again; having the original writing effaced and overlaid by later writing. Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written text > layout > [adjective] > palimpsest

palimpsest1820

palimpsestic1823

1820 Nature 4 Aug. 287/1 It was a palimpsest tablet, upon which had been written..Grecian names.

1828 S. T. Coleridge Poet. Wks. II. 107 I have in vain tried to recover the lines from the Palimpsest tablet of my memory.

1875 E. Poste tr. Gaius Institutionum Iuris Civilis (ed. 2) Pref. 5 The codex is doubly palimpsest, i.e. there are three inscriptions on the parchment.

1939 H. Miller Tropic of Capricorn 298 Everything I looked at was palimpsest and there was no layer of writing too strange for me to decipher.

1991 L. D. Reynolds & N. G. Wilson Scribes & Scholars (ed. 3) 195 J. L. Heiberg found in Constantinople a palimpsest copy of Archimedes which yielded two works of note.

2001 Time 16 July 69 They [sc. television reruns] are another manifestation of today's palimpsest pop culture, in which everything is ripe for sampling and nothing stays dead.

2. Of a monumental brass: turned over and re-engraved on the reverse. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > written text > an inscription > [adjective] > bearing inscription > other

palimpsest1843

1843 Archaeologia 30 124 Palimpsest brasses are also found at Berkhampstead.

1877 J. C. Cox Notes on Churches of Derbyshire III. 241 This monument is a remarkable..example of the palimpsest or re-used brass.

1909 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 13 119 E. H. Bates describes an interesting palimpsest brass recently found at Fivehead, Somerset... It is made up of three pieces taken from older brasses.

1951 N. Pevsner Middlesex (Buildings of Eng.) 91 In the same chapel various brasses: William Ashby and his wife who died 1537, George Ashby † 1514 and wife, both palimpsest.

3. Geology. Of a rock structure: partially preserving the texture that existed prior to metamorphism.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > [adjective] > relative time

remanié1860

subsequent1889

penecontemporaneous1901

syngenetic1905

juvenile1907

palimpsest1912

diachronous1926

palaeotectonic1947

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > texture or colour > [adjective] > texture > original texture

palimpsest1912

1912 R. W. Clark tr. E. Weinschenk Petrogr. Methods x. 198 In the normal case the newly developed substance is confined strictly to the border of the original crystal, but the texture of the altered rock may be recognized excellently, palimsest [sic] structure [Ger. Palimpsest-struktur].

1926 G. W. Tyrrell Princ. Petrol. xvi. 271 (caption) A palimpsest structure... Shows alternations of psammitic and pelitic sediments preserved, although the rock is thoroughly hornfelsed with the production of muscovite and biotite.

1969 A. Spry Metamorphic Textures x. 273 Preservation of a palimpsest igneous texture..is caused by low ionic mobility.

a. Physical Geography. Of a landscape or landform, esp. a glaciated topography or a drainage pattern: exhibiting superimposed features produced at two or more distinct periods.

ΚΠ

1922 G. Taylor Physiogr. McMurdo Sound xxv. 174 To this compound topography where the older cirques show after the glaciers have also affected the surface, I gave the name ‘palimpsest’.

1962 A. D. Howard in Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists 46 2255/1 In palimpsest drainage, the modern pattern is anomalous with respect to the older; it clearly indicates different topographic and possibly structural conditions at the time of development.

1974 Ann. Assoc. Amer. Geographers 64 284/1 The most recent pluvial climatic regimes have, in the main, reactivated a palimpsest network.

1992 Science 3 Jan. 74/2 Stromatolites of diverse morphology occur in the lacustrine sediments, some with palimpsest fabrics after erect filaments.

b. Geology. Of a sediment or deposit: that has been reworked since it was first laid down.

ΚΠ

1971 D. J. P. Swift et al. in Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 79 343 A palimpsest sediment is one which exhibits petrographic attributes of an earlier depositional environment and, in addition, petrographic attributes of a later environment.

1986 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 317 286 After the basal Llandovery transgression, these palimpsest sediments were probably again reworked and transported further into the basin.

1996 Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists 80 1341 All valley deposits are truncated by a transgressive surface of erosion overlain by marine mudstones and shelf palimpsest deposits.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	palimpsest
释义	palimpsestn.adj. Brit. /ˈpalᵻm(p)sɛst/, U.S. /ˈpæləm(p)ˌsɛst/ Forms: α. 1600s palimpsestus, 1700s palimpseston. β. 1800s palimpsestes (plural), 1800s– palimpsest, 1900s– palimsest (nonstandard). Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin palimpsēstus. Etymology: < classical Latin palimpsēstus paper or parchment which has been written on again < Hellenistic Greek παλίμψηστος scraped again, also παλίμψηστον a parchment from which writing has been erased < ancient Greek πάλιν again (see palinodia n.) + -ψηστός < ψῆν to rub smooth ( < the same Indo-European base as Sanskrit bhas-, psā- to crush, chew, devour) + epenthetic -σ- + -τός, suffix forming verbal adjectives. Compare Middle French, French palimpseste (1542 as noun, 1573 as adjective, both in isolated attestations; subsequently in spec. palaeographical sense from 1813 as noun, from 1817 as adjective), Italian palinsesto, (now rare) palimpsesto (in isolated attestations 16th–17th cent., and 1611 in Florio as †palimsesto; subsequently in the specific palaeographical sense from the early 19th cent.).In form palimpseston directly < Hellenistic Greek παλίμψηστον . In sense B. 3 after German Palimpsest (in Palimpsest-struktur ; 1907 in the passage translated in quot. 1912 at sense B. 3). A. n. †1. Paper, parchment, or other writing material designed to be reusable after any writing on it has been erased. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > [noun] > prepared for use again palimpsest1661 1661 R. Lovell Πανζωορυκτολογια, sive Panzoologicomineralogia 7 The chalked skinne for a palimpsestus, serving in stead of a table book. 1662 J. Evelyn Sculptura iv. 47 In writing, the use of the Palimpsestus..and the like. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Palimpseston,..a sort of Paper or Parchment, that was generally us'd for making the first draught of things, which might be wip'd out, and new wrote in the same Place. 2. a. A parchment or other writing surface on which the original text has been effaced or partially erased, and then overwritten by another; a manuscript in which later writing has been superimposed on earlier (effaced) writing. Cf. sense B. 1. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written text > layout > [noun] > writing on top of other writing > palimpsest rescript1817 palimpsest1825 1825 Gentleman's Mag. 95 i. 348 Monsignore Angelo Mayo..celebrated for his discoveries in the ‘Palimpsestes’. 1838 T. Arnold Hist. Rome I. 256 (note) The Institutes of Gaius..was first discovered..in a palimpsest, or rewritten manuscript of..works of S. Jerome, in the Chapter Library at Verona. 1875 F. H. A. Scrivener 6 Lect. Text New Test. 18 To decipher a double palimpsest calls for the masterhood of a Tischendorf. 1904 A. Conan Doyle Return of Sherlock Holmes x, in Strand Mag. July 3/1 Holmes and I sat.., he engaged with a powerful lens deciphering the remains of the original inscription upon a palimpsest. 1946 E. Diehl Bookbinding i. iv. 47 Some of the theological texts were palimpsests, manuscripts copied on vellum sheets taken from texts of Latin classics which had been erased. 1991 L. D. Reynolds & N. G. Wilson Scribes & Scholars (ed. 3) 192 A new series of discoveries..began with the realization that some classical texts still lay hidden in the lower script of palimpsests. b. In extended use: a thing likened to such a writing surface, esp. in having been reused or altered while still retaining traces of its earlier form; a multilayered record. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > changeableness > [noun] > changeable person or thing weathercocka1300 wind?a1513 Proteus1528 chameleon1586 moon's man1598 vane1598 mooncalf1607 remover1609 tarand1641 inconstant1647 mutables1652 changeablea1711 kaleidoscope1819 phantasmagoria1822 palimpsest1845 variable1846 1845 T. De Quincey Suspiria de Profundis in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. June 742/1 What else than a natural and mighty palimpsest is the human brain? 1856 E. B. Browning Aurora Leigh i. 30 Let who says ‘The soul's a clean white paper,’ rather say, A palimpsest..Defiled. 1879 G. H. Lewes Study Psychol. viii. 153 History unrolls the palimpsest of mental evolution. 1949 ‘G. Orwell’ Nineteen Eighty-four i. iv. 42 All history was a palimpsest, scraped clean and re-inscribed exactly as often as was necessary. 1962 R. Page Educ. Gardener x. 294 In Italy every town and house..is a palimpsest of two or three thousand years of building and decay. 1995 Times 9 Mar. 38/4 The absurdity and high emotion that characterises the palimpsest that is India. †3. A monumental brass plate turned and re-engraved on the reverse side. Cf. A. 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > memorial or monument > [noun] > others ossuary1872 palimpsest1876 war memorial1912 field monument1923 time capsule1938 society > communication > writing > written text > an inscription > [noun] > inscribed tablet, slab, or plate tableOE tabletc1350 titlea1382 tablature1578 aback1592 plate1668 breastplate1773 stela1776 stele1820 brass plate1836 palimpsest1876 plaque1922 1876 Encycl. Brit. IV. 219/2 A large number of brasses in England are palimpsests, the back of an ancient brass having been engraved for the more recent memorial. 1877 L. Jewitt Half-hours among Eng. Antiq. 132 They were frequently laid down to other persons, or re-engraved on the other side, and hence called palimpsests. 4. Physical Geography and Geology. A structure characterized by superimposed features produced at two or more distinct periods. ΚΠ 1914 G. Taylor in Geogr. Jrnl. 44 562 Reverting to the Taylor trog-tal (Fig. 8), I explain the topography as follows (in accord with the ‘palimpsest’ theory). 1952 Geogr. Jrnl. 118 468 Elements of the Early Tertiary sub-aerial surface were apparently not completely erased by the marine transgressions, and this palimpsest of an earlier period has clearly influenced in places certain of the river courses. 1978 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 282 435 The lutite contains faintly outlined palimpsests of algal form. 1984 Geografisker Annaler A. 66 385 It follows that the fjord system should maintain a memory of the earlier pluvial physiography and that the present landscape is a geomorphic palimpsest. B. adj. 1. Of a manuscript or writing surface: written over again; having the original writing effaced and overlaid by later writing. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written text > layout > [adjective] > palimpsest palimpsest1820 palimpsestic1823 1820 Nature 4 Aug. 287/1 It was a palimpsest tablet, upon which had been written..Grecian names. 1828 S. T. Coleridge Poet. Wks. II. 107 I have in vain tried to recover the lines from the Palimpsest tablet of my memory. 1875 E. Poste tr. Gaius Institutionum Iuris Civilis (ed. 2) Pref. 5 The codex is doubly palimpsest, i.e. there are three inscriptions on the parchment. 1939 H. Miller Tropic of Capricorn 298 Everything I looked at was palimpsest and there was no layer of writing too strange for me to decipher. 1991 L. D. Reynolds & N. G. Wilson Scribes & Scholars (ed. 3) 195 J. L. Heiberg found in Constantinople a palimpsest copy of Archimedes which yielded two works of note. 2001 Time 16 July 69 They [sc. television reruns] are another manifestation of today's palimpsest pop culture, in which everything is ripe for sampling and nothing stays dead. 2. Of a monumental brass: turned over and re-engraved on the reverse. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written text > an inscription > [adjective] > bearing inscription > other palimpsest1843 1843 Archaeologia 30 124 Palimpsest brasses are also found at Berkhampstead. 1877 J. C. Cox Notes on Churches of Derbyshire III. 241 This monument is a remarkable..example of the palimpsest or re-used brass. 1909 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 13 119 E. H. Bates describes an interesting palimpsest brass recently found at Fivehead, Somerset... It is made up of three pieces taken from older brasses. 1951 N. Pevsner Middlesex (Buildings of Eng.) 91 In the same chapel various brasses: William Ashby and his wife who died 1537, George Ashby † 1514 and wife, both palimpsest. 3. Geology. Of a rock structure: partially preserving the texture that existed prior to metamorphism. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > [adjective] > relative time remanié1860 subsequent1889 penecontemporaneous1901 syngenetic1905 juvenile1907 palimpsest1912 diachronous1926 palaeotectonic1947 the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > texture or colour > [adjective] > texture > original texture palimpsest1912 1912 R. W. Clark tr. E. Weinschenk Petrogr. Methods x. 198 In the normal case the newly developed substance is confined strictly to the border of the original crystal, but the texture of the altered rock may be recognized excellently, palimsest [sic] structure [Ger. Palimpsest-struktur]. 1926 G. W. Tyrrell Princ. Petrol. xvi. 271 (caption) A palimpsest structure... Shows alternations of psammitic and pelitic sediments preserved, although the rock is thoroughly hornfelsed with the production of muscovite and biotite. 1969 A. Spry Metamorphic Textures x. 273 Preservation of a palimpsest igneous texture..is caused by low ionic mobility. 4. a. Physical Geography. Of a landscape or landform, esp. a glaciated topography or a drainage pattern: exhibiting superimposed features produced at two or more distinct periods. ΚΠ 1922 G. Taylor Physiogr. McMurdo Sound xxv. 174 To this compound topography where the older cirques show after the glaciers have also affected the surface, I gave the name ‘palimpsest’. 1962 A. D. Howard in Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists 46 2255/1 In palimpsest drainage, the modern pattern is anomalous with respect to the older; it clearly indicates different topographic and possibly structural conditions at the time of development. 1974 Ann. Assoc. Amer. Geographers 64 284/1 The most recent pluvial climatic regimes have, in the main, reactivated a palimpsest network. 1992 Science 3 Jan. 74/2 Stromatolites of diverse morphology occur in the lacustrine sediments, some with palimpsest fabrics after erect filaments. b. Geology. Of a sediment or deposit: that has been reworked since it was first laid down. ΚΠ 1971 D. J. P. Swift et al. in Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 79 343 A palimpsest sediment is one which exhibits petrographic attributes of an earlier depositional environment and, in addition, petrographic attributes of a later environment. 1986 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 317 286 After the basal Llandovery transgression, these palimpsest sediments were probably again reworked and transported further into the basin. 1996 Bull. Amer. Assoc. Petroleum Geologists 80 1341 All valley deposits are truncated by a transgressive surface of erosion overlain by marine mudstones and shelf palimpsest deposits. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). palimpsestv. Brit. /ˈpalᵻm(p)sɛst/, U.S. /ˈpæləm(p)ˌsɛst/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: palimpsest n. Etymology: < palimpsest n. transitive. To make into a palimpsest; to write again on (parchment, etc.) after the original writing has been effaced; to overwrite (an earlier text). Usually in passive. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > written text > layout > [verb (transitive)] > write as palimpsest overwrite1699 superinscribe1741 palimpsest1880 1880 Catholic World Sept. 835 Niebuhr, who visited this library in 1816, discovered great part of the Institutes of Gaius palimpsested beneath the Homilies of St. Jerome. 1900 Expositor June 420 We may wonder less at this Sinaitic..codex having been palimpsested. 1948 Speculum 23 134 Beeson carefully examines just what Classical Manuscripts were palimpsested and at what time. 1973 T. Pynchon Gravity's Rainbow ii. 266 Down both the man's cheeks runs a terrible rash, palimpsested over older pockmarks. 1991 L. D. Reynolds & N. G. Wilson Scribes & Scholars (ed. 3) 85 The toll of classical authors was very heavy: amongst those palimpsested we find Plautus and Terence, Cicero and Livy. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1661v.1880
随便看	tight-shut tight-skinned tight-skirted tight-sleeved tight-stretched tight-tie tight-twatted tight-waisted tightass tightassed tightbelted tightbodied tightbooted tightbound tightclasp tightclosed tightcorking tightdraped to be stood to be stretched out at a gallop to be struck from the rolls to be struck off the rolls to be struck on to be stuck for to be stuck in a time warp

palimpsestn.adj.

palimpsestv.