pandouran.

Brit.

/panˈdʊərə/,

/panˈdɔːrə/, U.S.

/pænˈdɔrə/,

/pænˈdʊrə/

Forms: 1700s– pandura, 1800s pandora, 1800s– pandur, 1900s– pandore, 1900s– pandoura.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin pandūra; Greek πανδοῦρα.

Etymology: < classical Latin pandūra three-stringed lute, and its etymon Hellenistic Greek πανδοῦρα, probably by metathesis < Arabic ṭanbūr and its etymon Persian ṭanbūr (see tamboura n.). Compare earlier pandurist n.Compare bandore n.¹, bandura n., bandurria n., banjo n., mandola n., mandolin n., mandore n., pandora n.², tamboura n. This group of words denotes a wide variety of different stringed instruments, and the same word can denote several different instruments: for instance, Italian pandura is glossed by Florio (1598 in Worlde of Wordes) as ‘a musical instrument with three strings, a kit, a croude, a rebecke’, while F. Buonanni (1722 in Gabinetto Armonico) describes this as the Neapolitan name for an eight-stringed instrument like a mandola but much bigger, played with a plectrum. Some of the forms listed here may therefore refer to other instruments. For an isolated borrowing of the Italian word compare:1825 T. D. Fosbroke Encycl. Antiq. II. xiii. 628 The Orpharion was like a guitar, but..was strung with wire... The Bandore, nearly similar, had a straight bridge; the Orpharion slanting. The Pandura was of the lute kind, the Mandura a lesser lute. Compare an earlier example of the Latin word in a Latin–English dictionary:1587 T. Thomas Dict. Latinae et Anglicanae at Pandura A musical instrument hauing but 3. strings, a rebecke, a violen. Armenian p'andir long-necked lute, Ossetian fandir kind of fiddle, Georgian panduri three-stringed lute may be < the Greek word; Ukrainian bandura many-stringed lute-like instrument < Polish bandura , both borrowed < Italian. In quot. 1933 the form pandura is probably dictated by the rhyme.

Music.

A Graeco-Roman stringed instrument of the lute type, having a small body, a long thick neck, and usually three strings, which has survived in various forms in the Balkans, Turkey, Egypt, and parts of western Asia. Cf. rebec n. 1, gimbri n., bandurria n.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > guitar or lute type > [noun] > lute > types of lute

tamboura1585

orpharion1593

theorbo1605

stumpa1623

polyphone1655

polythore1661

poliphant1664

dyphone1676

archlute1728

oud1738

chitarrone1740

pandoura1797

pipa1838

yüeh ch'in1839

tamboura1864

saz1870

laud1876

opheriona1922

tiorba1940

plectrum lute1970

1797 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 692/1 Pandura, a musical instrument, used among the ancients, resembling the lute... It has the same number of strings with the lute; but they are of brass, and of consequence give a more agreeable sound than those of the lute.

1889 J. Abercromby Trip E. Caucasus 171 Akim's eyes at once fell upon a pandur, or three-stringed lute.

1933 Punch 6 Sept. 265/2 In remote Estremadura I mastered The Pandura.

1961 A. C. Baines Musical Instruments through Ages ix. 212 The pandoura, or ‘long-necked’ lute, remains a popular instrument from Persia..to the Balkans (tamboritsa).

1980 Early Music 8 322/1 It is clear that there were two structurally different types of lute to be found in the Byzantine culture: the long-necked pandura and the pear-shaped neckless lute.

1991 Classical Rev. 41 46 The pandoura was a lute.

This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	pandoura
释义	pandouran. Brit. /panˈdʊərə/, /panˈdɔːrə/, U.S. /pænˈdɔrə/, /pænˈdʊrə/ Forms: 1700s– pandura, 1800s pandora, 1800s– pandur, 1900s– pandore, 1900s– pandoura. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin pandūra; Greek πανδοῦρα. Etymology: < classical Latin pandūra three-stringed lute, and its etymon Hellenistic Greek πανδοῦρα, probably by metathesis < Arabic ṭanbūr and its etymon Persian ṭanbūr (see tamboura n.). Compare earlier pandurist n.Compare bandore n.¹, bandura n., bandurria n., banjo n., mandola n., mandolin n., mandore n., pandora n.², tamboura n. This group of words denotes a wide variety of different stringed instruments, and the same word can denote several different instruments: for instance, Italian pandura is glossed by Florio (1598 in Worlde of Wordes) as ‘a musical instrument with three strings, a kit, a croude, a rebecke’, while F. Buonanni (1722 in Gabinetto Armonico) describes this as the Neapolitan name for an eight-stringed instrument like a mandola but much bigger, played with a plectrum. Some of the forms listed here may therefore refer to other instruments. For an isolated borrowing of the Italian word compare:1825 T. D. Fosbroke Encycl. Antiq. II. xiii. 628 The Orpharion was like a guitar, but..was strung with wire... The Bandore, nearly similar, had a straight bridge; the Orpharion slanting. The Pandura was of the lute kind, the Mandura a lesser lute. Compare an earlier example of the Latin word in a Latin–English dictionary:1587 T. Thomas Dict. Latinae et Anglicanae at Pandura A musical instrument hauing but 3. strings, a rebecke, a violen. Armenian p'andir long-necked lute, Ossetian fandir kind of fiddle, Georgian panduri three-stringed lute may be < the Greek word; Ukrainian bandura many-stringed lute-like instrument < Polish bandura , both borrowed < Italian. In quot. 1933 the form pandura is probably dictated by the rhyme. Music. A Graeco-Roman stringed instrument of the lute type, having a small body, a long thick neck, and usually three strings, which has survived in various forms in the Balkans, Turkey, Egypt, and parts of western Asia. Cf. rebec n. 1, gimbri n., bandurria n. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > stringed instruments > guitar or lute type > [noun] > lute > types of lute tamboura1585 orpharion1593 theorbo1605 stumpa1623 polyphone1655 polythore1661 poliphant1664 dyphone1676 archlute1728 oud1738 chitarrone1740 pandoura1797 pipa1838 yüeh ch'in1839 tamboura1864 saz1870 laud1876 opheriona1922 tiorba1940 plectrum lute1970 1797 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 692/1 Pandura, a musical instrument, used among the ancients, resembling the lute... It has the same number of strings with the lute; but they are of brass, and of consequence give a more agreeable sound than those of the lute. 1889 J. Abercromby Trip E. Caucasus 171 Akim's eyes at once fell upon a pandur, or three-stringed lute. 1933 Punch 6 Sept. 265/2 In remote Estremadura I mastered The Pandura. 1961 A. C. Baines Musical Instruments through Ages ix. 212 The pandoura, or ‘long-necked’ lute, remains a popular instrument from Persia..to the Balkans (tamboritsa). 1980 Early Music 8 322/1 It is clear that there were two structurally different types of lute to be found in the Byzantine culture: the long-necked pandura and the pear-shaped neckless lute. 1991 Classical Rev. 41 46 The pandoura was a lute. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1797
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