paragonn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈparəɡ(ə)n/, U.S.

/ˈpɛrəˌɡɑn/,

/ˈpɛrəɡ(ə)n/

Forms: 1500s parageon, 1500s parragonne, 1500s peragon, 1500s–1600s parragon, 1500s– paragon, 1500s– paragone.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French paragone, paragon.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman paragone, peragone perfect diamond (13th cent.) and Middle French paragon, parangon (also feminine paragonne , parangonne ; French parangon ) model (15th cent.), outstanding jewel (1538), comparable thing (in phrase en paragon ; 1540), a size of type (1562), touchstone (1611), a very black kind of marble (1676; 1653 in pierre de parangon ), fine silken fabric from Venice (1730) < Italian paragone (also paragon , parangone ) comparative analysis between alternatives resulting in a choice, touchstone (second half of 13th cent.), black jasper or black marble (1348 or earlier) < paragonare (a1306) < ancient Greek παρακονᾶν to sharpen or whet one thing against another < παρα- para- prefix¹ + ἀκόνη whetstone ( < the same stem as ἄκρος topmost (see acro- comb. form) + -όνη, suffix forming nouns of instrument); compare medieval Greek παρακόνη, applied to a smooth hard stone used to polish the gold laid on in illuminating. Compare ( < Italian) Spanish parangón (1517, now also parragón in sense ‘touchstone’).

A. n.

I. General uses.

a. A person of outstanding merit; a person who serves as a model of some quality.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [noun] > excellent person

gemc1275

blooma1300

excellence1447

mirrorc1450

man of mena1470

treasure?1545

paragon1548

shining light1563

Apollo's swan?1592

man of wax1597

rara avis1607

Titan1611

choice spirita1616

excellency1725

inestimable1728

inimitable1751

cock of the walk1781

surpasser1805

shiner1810

swell1816

trump1819

tip-topper1822

star1829

beauty1832

soarer1895

trumph1895

pansy1899

Renaissance man1906

exemplum virtutis1914

museum piece1920

superman1925

flyer1930

pistol1935

all-star1949

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [noun] > model of excellence

pattern1324

module1608

samplea1616

meritress1617

paragon1689

fore-mark1863

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. i.^v This prince was almost the Arabicall Phenix, and emongest his predecessors a very Paragon.

1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iv. f. 168 Shee was the very Phœnix and Parageon of al the Gentlewomen that I euer knewe.

1592 R. Greene Philomela sig. G4 The peragon of Italy for honorable grace.

1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 1st Bk. Wks. Prol. 6 Homer..the Paragon of all Philologues.

1689 T. Shadwell Bury-Fair ii. i. 13 Your Ladyship..has been long held a Paragon of Perfection.

1748 S. Richardson Clarissa III. xvii. 104 Who says, Miss Clarissa Harlowe is the paragon of virtue?

1784 J. Potter Virtuous Villagers II. 159 He is a paragon of his sex.

1833 H. Martineau Charmed Sea ix. 133 She will turn out a paragon of a wife.

1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems xxxvii. 17 You chiefly, peerless paragon of the tribe long-lock'd,..Egnatius.

1912 W. E. Norris (title) Paul's Paragon.

1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island xxxii. 255 Janet would make a paragon of a wife—cheery, economical, tolerant, and a very queen of cooks.

1934 R. Graves I, Claudius ii. 36 She is a paragon of matronly modesty.

1988 A. N. Wilson Tolstoy vi. 132 Tolstoy finds it hard to account for the fact that this paragon of virtue should have died in the arms of a prostitute.

2010 New Yorker 11 Jan. 82/3 She claims that her boyfriend..speaks fluent French and writes ‘Futurist percussive poetry’, but when we finally meet this paragon he's just another jock with a silky haircut.

b. An object of outstanding quality or value; an object which serves as a model of some quality.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [noun] > excellent thing

starOE

dainty1340

daisyc1485

say-piece1535

bravery1583

paragon1585

daint1633

rapper1653

supernaculum1704

dandy1785

roarer1813

sneezer1823

plum1825

trimmer1827

sockdolager1838

rasper1844

dinger1861

job1863

fizzer1866

champagne1880

beauty1882

pie1884

twanger1889

smasher1894

crackerjack1895

Taj Mahal1895

beaut1896

pearler1901

lollapalooza1904

bearcat1909

beaner1911

grande dame1915

Rolls-Royce1916

the nuts1917

pipperoo1939

rubydazzler1941

rumpty1941

rumptydooler1941

snodger1941

sockeroo1942

sweetheart1942

zinger1955

blue-chipper1957

ring-a-ding1959

premier cru1965

sharpie1970

stormer1978

1585 Lamentable Complaint of Commonality sig. C6 This Noble Iselande may not..complayne,..it is as fruitefull as the Gardene of Eden, a Parragonne of all the Worlde.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 372 [Magic] is at this day reputed by most nations of the earth, for the paragon & chief of al sciences.

a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) i. 22 We came down to Antwerp, the paragon of Cities.

1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. Ded. The dissolved civil constitution, that paragon of perfect polity.

1806 J. Dallaway Observ. Eng. Archit. 178 Considering..the roof of King's college chapel as..the paragon of architectural beauty.

1861 G. D. Ruffini Dr. Antonio (new ed.) x Sir John..pronounced it to be the paragon of easy-chairs.

1906 J. Galsworthy Man of Prop. ii. i. 3 Having watched a tree grow from its planting—a paragon of tenacity, insulation, and success, amidst the deaths of a hundred other plants.

1989 Nature 20 Apr. 613/1 India's Himalayan region is a paragon of mountains still being generated by collision between continents.

†2. A match, an equal; a companion or partner in marriage; a rival or competitor. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > [noun] > equal, counterpart, or equivalent > person

headlingOE

peerc1300

evena1393

ferea1400

matchc1400

paregalc1425

paragon1557

equal1573

coequal1577

perequala1578

copartner1591

corrivala1592

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > [noun] > spouse, consort, or partner

ferec975

matchOE

makec1175

spousea1200

lemanc1275

fellowc1350

likea1393

wed-ferea1400

partyc1443

espouse?c1450

bedfellow1490

yokefellow?1542

espousal1543

spouse1548

mate1549

marrow1554

paragon1557

yokemate1567

partner1577

better halfa1586

twin1592

moiety1611

copemate1631

consort1634

half-marrow1637

matrimonya1640

helpmeet1661

other half1667

helpmate1715

spousie1735

life companion1763

worse half1783

life partner1809

domestic partner1815

ball and chain1921

lover1969

1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. Y.i^v But therwas neuer Laura more then one, And her had petrarke for his paragone.

1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in Complaints 1026 Love and Lordship bide no paragone.

a1670 J. Hacket Archbishop Williams (1693) i. 59 Were not his Paragons in Innocency and Cordial Humility.

1762 J. Hall-Stevenson Crazy Tales 43 You cannot fish up His like and paragon again.

1824 J. H. Wiffen tr. T. Tasso Jerusalem Delivered iv. xlvi None but himself could be his paragon in vice.

†3. Comparison; competition or emulation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > [noun]

evennessOE

eveningc1225

collationc1374

respitea1382

comparison1393

proportion?a1425

resemblance?a1439

comparation1483

comparing1489

commensuration1526

parificationc1537

conferring1561

paragon1590

counter-scale1645

counterbalance1647

collibration1656

confrontation1665

similituding1681

simile1682

confronting1887

society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > [noun]

rivality1528

strife1530

envy1541

emulation1552

contention1576

pinglinga1578

countermatch1581

paragon1590

competency1594

corrivality1598

rivalry1598

concurrence1603

contestation1603

competitiona1608

rivalling1607

concurrency1609

strift1612

corrivalry1614

rivalty1631

contest1648

corrivalty1649

coping1678

co-rivalry1835

rivalism1850

1590 E. Spenser Muiopotmos 274 Minerva..deign'd with her the paragon to make.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. iii. sig. Ee6 Wemen valorous, Which haue full many feats..Performd, in paragone of proudest men.

1664 J. Evelyn in tr. R. Fréart Parallel Antient Archit. Ep. Ded. sig. a2 A Work..worthy to go in paragon with it.

II. Specific and technical uses.

4. Originally: a perfect diamond (also figurative). Now: spec. one weighing more than 99 carats. Also more fully †paragon stone.In quot. 1631 used figuratively to describe a person.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > diamond > [noun] > fine or perfect diamond

paragon1558

brilliant1690

naïf1892

river1916

1558 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli Secretes Alexis of Piemount i. f. 94^v Take Cristall, or paragon stone [Fr. pierre paragone].

1573 Treat. Arte of Limming 9 Take a beade of Christall or a Paragon stone.

1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo 75 The fassets must be industriously wrought, which in great stones of 10 or 12 Carrats maketh them to be Paragons, that is to say, in all perfection.

1631 B. Jonson Divell is Asse iii. iv. 177 in Wks. II H'is no great, large stone, but a true Paragon, H'has all his corners.

1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 213 The Diamond..Without Spots or Foulness, is called a Paragon-stone.

1863 R. Chambers Bk. of Days I. 484/1 Only six very large diamonds (called paragons) are known.

1965 J. Y. Dickinson Bk. Diamonds viii. 215 Paragon... In sixteenth-century Europe this meant any diamond weighing more than 12 carats; today only a perfect or flawless diamond of more than 99 carats is properly given this title.

†5. A kind of thick wool or silk fabric used for clothing and upholstery in the 17th and early 18th centuries. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from choice of fibres > [noun] > camlet > other

paragon?c1610

peropus?c1610

barracan1638

camleteen1736

?c1610 Allegations Worsted Weavers in J. James Hist. Worsted Manuf. in Eng. (1857) vi. 144 (modernized text) The paragon, peropus, and philiselles may be affirmed to be double chambletts; the difference being only, the one was double in the warp, and the other in the weft.

1618 in G. Ornsby Select. from Househ. Bks. Naworth Castle (1878) 74 xij yards of water paragon for my Lady at vs. viijd... 5 yards of French green paragon..xxvs. xd.

1660 S. Pepys Diary 8 Mar. (1970) I. 82 Took my wife by land to Paternoster-row to buy some Paragon for a petticoat, and so home again.

1688 in E. Hall Michael Warton of Beverley (1986) 20 1 pair of white parragon window curtaines.

1719 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth III. 173 The Plow-man, and Squire, the Erranter Clown, At home she subdu'd in her Paragon Gown.

1739 Observ. Wool & Wooll. Manuf. in S. W. Beck Draper's Dict. 245 Paragon..stuff of combing wool.

6. Usually written paragone. A kind of Italian black marble.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [noun] > marble > black

touch1423

touchstone1482

Lucullean marble1601

paragona1684

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. vi. 267 The floore being curiously indented with intermingled Alabaster and black shining Parangone.]

a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 416 The sepulchres & niches of Paragon, for the statue of the Prince now living.

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Paragone,..the name given by many to the basaltes, a black marble, used as a touchstone.

1848 J. D. Dana Man. Mineral. vii. 349 The Neroantico marble of the Italians is an ancient deep black marble; the paragone is a modern one, of a fine black color, from Bergamo.

1894 H. W. Pullen Handbk. Anc. Rom. Marbles ii. 140 The term Paragone has..been loosely applied to several very black columns, such as those at a Tomb in the Winter Choir of St. John Lateran.

1955 M. H. Grant Marbles & Granites of World 71 Paragone. [Locality] Bergamo, Italy. [Characteristics] A pure, fine black.

1997 Mag. Antiques (Nexis) 151 852 The panels depict birds perching in blossoming trees and stylized butterflies in flight, all inlaid in brilliantly colored semiprecious stones on a ground of paragone.

7. Printing. A large size of type equal to about 20 points.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > [noun] > height of type > names of type sizes

English1539

great primer1539

long primer1553

pica1553

brevier1598

nonpareil1656

pearl1656

small pica1657

minion1659

canon1683

small body1683

minim1706

paragon1706

bourgeois1755

diamond1778

ruby1778

Trafalgar1807

agate1831

minikinc1870

minionette1871

brilliant1875

gem1888

excelsior1902

1706 Specimen of Lett. b 1, in H. Hart Cent. Oxf. Typography (1900) 67 Paragon Roman (Bought 1706). Paragon Italick (Bought 1706).

1824 J. Johnson Typographia II. 77 Paragon is the only letter that has preserved its name, being called so by all the printing nations.

1887 T. B. Reed Hist. Old Eng. Letter Foundries 34 The first named [sc. Trafalgar] has disappeared in England, as also has Paragon.

1970 R. K. Kent Lang. Journalism 98 Paragon, a large size type, approximately 20 point. Two-line paragon is approximately 40 point.

†B. adj.

Of outstanding quality; perfect; pre-eminent. Obsolete.In quot. a1682: flawless (see sense A. 4).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > surpassing excellence > [adjective]

sunderlyOE

noblec1330

precellentc1384

passantc1385

especialc1386

passinga1387

surmountingc1407

superlative?a1430

precelling?1435

pre-eminenta1460

outrepassed1477

divine1488

pre-excellenta1500

superexcellent1508

transcending1528

pre-ordinate1543

exceeding1552

superexcelling1554

exquisite1578

surpassingc1580

summary1587

paragon1593

transcendent1598

overmatchful1609

termless1609

overtoppinga1615

paramounta1626

overtowering1639

surpassant1654

transcendental1701

superior1711

towery1731

prize1739

supernala1817

tiptopsome1819

tip-topping1826

par excellence1839

superfine1850

towering1894

1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 187 Take heede aspiring mindes, you that deeme yourselues the Paragon wittes of the world.

1632 T. Wentworth Let. 24 Sept. in S. R. Gardiner Personal Govt. Charles I (1877) I. Pref. p. xiv If I do not fall square, and..paragon, in every point of my duty to my master.

a1682 Sir T. Browne Let. to Friend (1690) 9 Those Jewels were Paragon, without Flaw, Hair, Ice, or Cloud.

1825 R. P. Ward Tremaine III. xv. 345 Presuming to have had opinions, which this paragon Lord does not approve.

1849 W. M. Thackeray Let. 30 Aug. (1945) II. 477 O where is that paragon governess whom we want to keep them in order?

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

paragonv.

Brit.

/ˈparəɡ(ə)n/, U.S.

/ˈpɛrəˌɡɑn/,

/ˈpɛrəɡ(ə)n/

Forms: 1500s– paragon, 1600s paragone, 1600s parangon, 1600s parragon.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: paragon n.; French paragonner.

Etymology: Partly < paragon n., and partly < Middle French paragonner, parrangonner, parangonner, French parangonner to compare (1539), to be equal to (1549), to equate (1636). Compare Italian paragonare to compare (see paragon n.), Spanish parangonar (1607 in form paragonar ). Compare slightly later paragonize v.

1. transitive. Chiefly poetic. To compare or equate with or to. Now archaic and rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > compare [verb (transitive)]

evenOE

comparisonc1374

measurea1382

remenec1390

compare1509

confer?1531

to lay togethera1568

lay1577

paragona1586

paragonize1589

set1589

sympathize1600

confront1604

to name on (also in) the same day1609

collate1612

to lay down by1614

sampler1628

to set together1628

matcha1649

run1650

vie1685

to put together1690

society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > compete with [verb (transitive)]

couple1477

envy1509

contend1577

counterscore1577

paragona1586

corrive1586

emulate1586

emule1595

corrival1601

vie1602

rival1607

vie1607

contesta1616

antagonize1634

cope with1651

to break a lance with1862

a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) i. xvii. sig. L3 The picture of Pamela..whiche in little forme he ware in a Tablet..purposing..to paragon the little one with Artesias length.

1600 M. Sutcliffe Briefe Replie to Libel i. 1 An excellent and singular woman, to bee parangoned with the famous women of ancient time.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) i. v. 70 I will giue thee bloody teeth, If thou with Cæsar Parago nagaine [sic]: My man of men.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 426 Lucifer, so by allusion calld, Of that bright Starr to Satan paragond .

1751 F. Coventry Hist. Pompey the Little i. i. 9 In this single View I may be allowed to paragon myself with the incomparable Writer of the Life of Cicero.

a1868 C. Harpur Stranger in Poet. Wks. (1984) 872 A vagrant ray Fall'n through some crevice of his dungeon, hits His faded eye, might paragon with a star Seen in its present glory.

1903 A. Austin Flodden Field i. 43 What, forsooth, is love, Dainty, delicious pastime though it be, When paragoned with statecraft or with war?

†2. transitive. To excel, surpass. Obsolete. rare.In later use only with allusion to quot. a1616 at sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > excessive amount or degree > do (something) to excess [verb (transitive)] > exceed or extend beyond

passa1387

surmount1502

surpassa1555

transcend1559

outreacha1568

surreach1606

paragona1616

outsweepa1729

overjump1877

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) ii. i. 63 He hath atchieu'd a maide, That parragons description, and wild fame.

1840 Southern Literary Messenger 6 515/1 In his eye she was one ‘that paragoned wild fame, and in the essential vesture of creation did bear all excellency’.

†3. transitive. To exemplify or serve as a model for; to offer as a paragon or perfect model. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > act in accordance with [verb (transitive)] > set (an example) > set forth as an example

paragon1617

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > an individual case or instance > find or furnish an instance or example of [verb (transitive)] > be an example or specimen of

paragonize1592

paragon1617

type1627

represent1838

typify1854

1617 S. Collins Epphata to F. T. i. Abstr. of Contents ii Peter the fitter to paragon the Church, because a great sinner and so apt to shew mercie.

1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. iv. 227 We are contented To weare our mortall State to come, with her..before the primest Creature That's Parragon'd o' th' World.

†4. transitive. To match or be equal to; to compete with in merit or quality. Also intransitive. Obsolete (poetic in later use).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > make equal [verb (transitive)] > be equal to or match

to be even witheOE

match?1529

countervail1530

even1582

suit1583

patterna1586

amate1590

proportionate1590

parallela1594

fellow1596

to hold its level with1598

adequate1599

coequal1599

twin1605

paragonize1606

peer1614

to come upa1616

proportiona1616

paragon1620

parallelize1620

tail1639

to match up to (also with)1958

1620 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes 2nd Pt. Don Quixote iv. ix. 123 Few or none could for Feature paragon with her, and much less excel her.

1629 W. Mure Sonnets vii, in Wks. (1898) I My loue, my lyfe..Bright spark of beutie, paragon'd by few.

1697 J. Evelyn Numismata vii. 239 Such proof of their Abilities..as may rightly paragon them with..the..Ancients.

1787 R. Glover Athenaid iii. xxvii. 192 In arms anon to paragon the morn.

1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi II. vi. v. 344 [It was] a virtue nature could not paragon, words could not repay.

1872 R. Browning Fifine xxiii To join your peers, paragon charm with charm, As I shall show you may.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	paragon
释义	paragonn.adj. Brit. /ˈparəɡ(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈpɛrəˌɡɑn/, /ˈpɛrəɡ(ə)n/ Forms: 1500s parageon, 1500s parragonne, 1500s peragon, 1500s–1600s parragon, 1500s– paragon, 1500s– paragone. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French paragone, paragon. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman paragone, peragone perfect diamond (13th cent.) and Middle French paragon, parangon (also feminine paragonne , parangonne ; French parangon ) model (15th cent.), outstanding jewel (1538), comparable thing (in phrase en paragon ; 1540), a size of type (1562), touchstone (1611), a very black kind of marble (1676; 1653 in pierre de parangon ), fine silken fabric from Venice (1730) < Italian paragone (also paragon , parangone ) comparative analysis between alternatives resulting in a choice, touchstone (second half of 13th cent.), black jasper or black marble (1348 or earlier) < paragonare (a1306) < ancient Greek παρακονᾶν to sharpen or whet one thing against another < παρα- para- prefix¹ + ἀκόνη whetstone ( < the same stem as ἄκρος topmost (see acro- comb. form) + -όνη, suffix forming nouns of instrument); compare medieval Greek παρακόνη, applied to a smooth hard stone used to polish the gold laid on in illuminating. Compare ( < Italian) Spanish parangón (1517, now also parragón in sense ‘touchstone’). A. n. I. General uses. 1. a. A person of outstanding merit; a person who serves as a model of some quality. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [noun] > excellent person gemc1275 blooma1300 excellence1447 mirrorc1450 man of mena1470 treasure?1545 paragon1548 shining light1563 Apollo's swan?1592 man of wax1597 rara avis1607 Titan1611 choice spirita1616 excellency1725 inestimable1728 inimitable1751 cock of the walk1781 surpasser1805 shiner1810 swell1816 trump1819 tip-topper1822 star1829 beauty1832 soarer1895 trumph1895 pansy1899 Renaissance man1906 exemplum virtutis1914 museum piece1920 superman1925 flyer1930 pistol1935 all-star1949 the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [noun] > model of excellence pattern1324 module1608 samplea1616 meritress1617 paragon1689 fore-mark1863 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. i.^v This prince was almost the Arabicall Phenix, and emongest his predecessors a very Paragon. 1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry iv. f. 168 Shee was the very Phœnix and Parageon of al the Gentlewomen that I euer knewe. 1592 R. Greene Philomela sig. G4 The peragon of Italy for honorable grace. 1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 1st Bk. Wks. Prol. 6 Homer..the Paragon of all Philologues. 1689 T. Shadwell Bury-Fair ii. i. 13 Your Ladyship..has been long held a Paragon of Perfection. 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa III. xvii. 104 Who says, Miss Clarissa Harlowe is the paragon of virtue? 1784 J. Potter Virtuous Villagers II. 159 He is a paragon of his sex. 1833 H. Martineau Charmed Sea ix. 133 She will turn out a paragon of a wife. 1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems xxxvii. 17 You chiefly, peerless paragon of the tribe long-lock'd,..Egnatius. 1912 W. E. Norris (title) Paul's Paragon. 1915 L. M. Montgomery Anne of Island xxxii. 255 Janet would make a paragon of a wife—cheery, economical, tolerant, and a very queen of cooks. 1934 R. Graves I, Claudius ii. 36 She is a paragon of matronly modesty. 1988 A. N. Wilson Tolstoy vi. 132 Tolstoy finds it hard to account for the fact that this paragon of virtue should have died in the arms of a prostitute. 2010 New Yorker 11 Jan. 82/3 She claims that her boyfriend..speaks fluent French and writes ‘Futurist percussive poetry’, but when we finally meet this paragon he's just another jock with a silky haircut. b. An object of outstanding quality or value; an object which serves as a model of some quality. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [noun] > excellent thing starOE dainty1340 daisyc1485 say-piece1535 bravery1583 paragon1585 daint1633 rapper1653 supernaculum1704 dandy1785 roarer1813 sneezer1823 plum1825 trimmer1827 sockdolager1838 rasper1844 dinger1861 job1863 fizzer1866 champagne1880 beauty1882 pie1884 twanger1889 smasher1894 crackerjack1895 Taj Mahal1895 beaut1896 pearler1901 lollapalooza1904 bearcat1909 beaner1911 grande dame1915 Rolls-Royce1916 the nuts1917 pipperoo1939 rubydazzler1941 rumpty1941 rumptydooler1941 snodger1941 sockeroo1942 sweetheart1942 zinger1955 blue-chipper1957 ring-a-ding1959 premier cru1965 sharpie1970 stormer1978 1585 Lamentable Complaint of Commonality sig. C6 This Noble Iselande may not..complayne,..it is as fruitefull as the Gardene of Eden, a Parragonne of all the Worlde. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. 372 [Magic] is at this day reputed by most nations of the earth, for the paragon & chief of al sciences. a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) i. 22 We came down to Antwerp, the paragon of Cities. 1756 C. Lucas Ess. Waters i. Ded. The dissolved civil constitution, that paragon of perfect polity. 1806 J. Dallaway Observ. Eng. Archit. 178 Considering..the roof of King's college chapel as..the paragon of architectural beauty. 1861 G. D. Ruffini Dr. Antonio (new ed.) x Sir John..pronounced it to be the paragon of easy-chairs. 1906 J. Galsworthy Man of Prop. ii. i. 3 Having watched a tree grow from its planting—a paragon of tenacity, insulation, and success, amidst the deaths of a hundred other plants. 1989 Nature 20 Apr. 613/1 India's Himalayan region is a paragon of mountains still being generated by collision between continents. †2. A match, an equal; a companion or partner in marriage; a rival or competitor. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > [noun] > equal, counterpart, or equivalent > person headlingOE peerc1300 evena1393 ferea1400 matchc1400 paregalc1425 paragon1557 equal1573 coequal1577 perequala1578 copartner1591 corrivala1592 society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > married person > [noun] > spouse, consort, or partner ferec975 matchOE makec1175 spousea1200 lemanc1275 fellowc1350 likea1393 wed-ferea1400 partyc1443 espouse?c1450 bedfellow1490 yokefellow?1542 espousal1543 spouse1548 mate1549 marrow1554 paragon1557 yokemate1567 partner1577 better halfa1586 twin1592 moiety1611 copemate1631 consort1634 half-marrow1637 matrimonya1640 helpmeet1661 other half1667 helpmate1715 spousie1735 life companion1763 worse half1783 life partner1809 domestic partner1815 ball and chain1921 lover1969 1557 Earl of Surrey et al. Songes & Sonettes sig. Y.i^v But therwas neuer Laura more then one, And her had petrarke for his paragone. 1591 E. Spenser Prosopopoia in Complaints 1026 Love and Lordship bide no paragone. a1670 J. Hacket Archbishop Williams (1693) i. 59 Were not his Paragons in Innocency and Cordial Humility. 1762 J. Hall-Stevenson Crazy Tales 43 You cannot fish up His like and paragon again. 1824 J. H. Wiffen tr. T. Tasso Jerusalem Delivered iv. xlvi None but himself could be his paragon in vice. †3. Comparison; competition or emulation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > [noun] evennessOE eveningc1225 collationc1374 respitea1382 comparison1393 proportion?a1425 resemblance?a1439 comparation1483 comparing1489 commensuration1526 parificationc1537 conferring1561 paragon1590 counter-scale1645 counterbalance1647 collibration1656 confrontation1665 similituding1681 simile1682 confronting1887 society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > [noun] rivality1528 strife1530 envy1541 emulation1552 contention1576 pinglinga1578 countermatch1581 paragon1590 competency1594 corrivality1598 rivalry1598 concurrence1603 contestation1603 competitiona1608 rivalling1607 concurrency1609 strift1612 corrivalry1614 rivalty1631 contest1648 corrivalty1649 coping1678 co-rivalry1835 rivalism1850 1590 E. Spenser Muiopotmos 274 Minerva..deign'd with her the paragon to make. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. iii. sig. Ee6 Wemen valorous, Which haue full many feats..Performd, in paragone of proudest men. 1664 J. Evelyn in tr. R. Fréart Parallel Antient Archit. Ep. Ded. sig. a2 A Work..worthy to go in paragon with it. II. Specific and technical uses. 4. Originally: a perfect diamond (also figurative). Now: spec. one weighing more than 99 carats. Also more fully †paragon stone.In quot. 1631 used figuratively to describe a person. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > diamond > [noun] > fine or perfect diamond paragon1558 brilliant1690 naïf1892 river1916 1558 W. Ward tr. G. Ruscelli Secretes Alexis of Piemount i. f. 94^v Take Cristall, or paragon stone [Fr. pierre paragone]. 1573 Treat. Arte of Limming 9 Take a beade of Christall or a Paragon stone. 1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo 75 The fassets must be industriously wrought, which in great stones of 10 or 12 Carrats maketh them to be Paragons, that is to say, in all perfection. 1631 B. Jonson Divell is Asse iii. iv. 177 in Wks. II H'is no great, large stone, but a true Paragon, H'has all his corners. 1698 J. Fryer New Acct. E.-India & Persia 213 The Diamond..Without Spots or Foulness, is called a Paragon-stone. 1863 R. Chambers Bk. of Days I. 484/1 Only six very large diamonds (called paragons) are known. 1965 J. Y. Dickinson Bk. Diamonds viii. 215 Paragon... In sixteenth-century Europe this meant any diamond weighing more than 12 carats; today only a perfect or flawless diamond of more than 99 carats is properly given this title. †5. A kind of thick wool or silk fabric used for clothing and upholstery in the 17th and early 18th centuries. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from choice of fibres > [noun] > camlet > other paragon?c1610 peropus?c1610 barracan1638 camleteen1736 ?c1610 Allegations Worsted Weavers in J. James Hist. Worsted Manuf. in Eng. (1857) vi. 144 (modernized text) The paragon, peropus, and philiselles may be affirmed to be double chambletts; the difference being only, the one was double in the warp, and the other in the weft. 1618 in G. Ornsby Select. from Househ. Bks. Naworth Castle (1878) 74 xij yards of water paragon for my Lady at vs. viijd... 5 yards of French green paragon..xxvs. xd. 1660 S. Pepys Diary 8 Mar. (1970) I. 82 Took my wife by land to Paternoster-row to buy some Paragon for a petticoat, and so home again. 1688 in E. Hall Michael Warton of Beverley (1986) 20 1 pair of white parragon window curtaines. 1719 in T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth III. 173 The Plow-man, and Squire, the Erranter Clown, At home she subdu'd in her Paragon Gown. 1739 Observ. Wool & Wooll. Manuf. in S. W. Beck Draper's Dict. 245 Paragon..stuff of combing wool. 6. Usually written paragone. A kind of Italian black marble. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > metamorphic rock > [noun] > marble > black touch1423 touchstone1482 Lucullean marble1601 paragona1684 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. vi. 267 The floore being curiously indented with intermingled Alabaster and black shining Parangone.] a1684 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1645 (1955) II. 416 The sepulchres & niches of Paragon, for the statue of the Prince now living. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Paragone,..the name given by many to the basaltes, a black marble, used as a touchstone. 1848 J. D. Dana Man. Mineral. vii. 349 The Neroantico marble of the Italians is an ancient deep black marble; the paragone is a modern one, of a fine black color, from Bergamo. 1894 H. W. Pullen Handbk. Anc. Rom. Marbles ii. 140 The term Paragone has..been loosely applied to several very black columns, such as those at a Tomb in the Winter Choir of St. John Lateran. 1955 M. H. Grant Marbles & Granites of World 71 Paragone. [Locality] Bergamo, Italy. [Characteristics] A pure, fine black. 1997 Mag. Antiques (Nexis) 151 852 The panels depict birds perching in blossoming trees and stylized butterflies in flight, all inlaid in brilliantly colored semiprecious stones on a ground of paragone. 7. Printing. A large size of type equal to about 20 points. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > types, blocks, or plates > relating to type > [noun] > height of type > names of type sizes English1539 great primer1539 long primer1553 pica1553 brevier1598 nonpareil1656 pearl1656 small pica1657 minion1659 canon1683 small body1683 minim1706 paragon1706 bourgeois1755 diamond1778 ruby1778 Trafalgar1807 agate1831 minikinc1870 minionette1871 brilliant1875 gem1888 excelsior1902 1706 Specimen of Lett. b 1, in H. Hart Cent. Oxf. Typography (1900) 67 Paragon Roman (Bought 1706). Paragon Italick (Bought 1706). 1824 J. Johnson Typographia II. 77 Paragon is the only letter that has preserved its name, being called so by all the printing nations. 1887 T. B. Reed Hist. Old Eng. Letter Foundries 34 The first named [sc. Trafalgar] has disappeared in England, as also has Paragon. 1970 R. K. Kent Lang. Journalism 98 Paragon, a large size type, approximately 20 point. Two-line paragon is approximately 40 point. †B. adj. Of outstanding quality; perfect; pre-eminent. Obsolete.In quot. a1682: flawless (see sense A. 4). ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > surpassing excellence > [adjective] sunderlyOE noblec1330 precellentc1384 passantc1385 especialc1386 passinga1387 surmountingc1407 superlative?a1430 precelling?1435 pre-eminenta1460 outrepassed1477 divine1488 pre-excellenta1500 superexcellent1508 transcending1528 pre-ordinate1543 exceeding1552 superexcelling1554 exquisite1578 surpassingc1580 summary1587 paragon1593 transcendent1598 overmatchful1609 termless1609 overtoppinga1615 paramounta1626 overtowering1639 surpassant1654 transcendental1701 superior1711 towery1731 prize1739 supernala1817 tiptopsome1819 tip-topping1826 par excellence1839 superfine1850 towering1894 1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 187 Take heede aspiring mindes, you that deeme yourselues the Paragon wittes of the world. 1632 T. Wentworth Let. 24 Sept. in S. R. Gardiner Personal Govt. Charles I (1877) I. Pref. p. xiv If I do not fall square, and..paragon, in every point of my duty to my master. a1682 Sir T. Browne Let. to Friend (1690) 9 Those Jewels were Paragon, without Flaw, Hair, Ice, or Cloud. 1825 R. P. Ward Tremaine III. xv. 345 Presuming to have had opinions, which this paragon Lord does not approve. 1849 W. M. Thackeray Let. 30 Aug. (1945) II. 477 O where is that paragon governess whom we want to keep them in order? This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). paragonv. Brit. /ˈparəɡ(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈpɛrəˌɡɑn/, /ˈpɛrəɡ(ə)n/ Forms: 1500s– paragon, 1600s paragone, 1600s parangon, 1600s parragon. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by conversion. Partly a borrowing from French. Etymons: paragon n.; French paragonner. Etymology: Partly < paragon n., and partly < Middle French paragonner, parrangonner, parangonner, French parangonner to compare (1539), to be equal to (1549), to equate (1636). Compare Italian paragonare to compare (see paragon n.), Spanish parangonar (1607 in form paragonar ). Compare slightly later paragonize v. 1. transitive. Chiefly poetic. To compare or equate with or to. Now archaic and rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > discovery > comparison > compare [verb (transitive)] evenOE comparisonc1374 measurea1382 remenec1390 compare1509 confer?1531 to lay togethera1568 lay1577 paragona1586 paragonize1589 set1589 sympathize1600 confront1604 to name on (also in) the same day1609 collate1612 to lay down by1614 sampler1628 to set together1628 matcha1649 run1650 vie1685 to put together1690 society > society and the community > dissent > competition or rivalry > compete with [verb (transitive)] couple1477 envy1509 contend1577 counterscore1577 paragona1586 corrive1586 emulate1586 emule1595 corrival1601 vie1602 rival1607 vie1607 contesta1616 antagonize1634 cope with1651 to break a lance with1862 a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) i. xvii. sig. L3 The picture of Pamela..whiche in little forme he ware in a Tablet..purposing..to paragon the little one with Artesias length. 1600 M. Sutcliffe Briefe Replie to Libel i. 1 An excellent and singular woman, to bee parangoned with the famous women of ancient time. a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) i. v. 70 I will giue thee bloody teeth, If thou with Cæsar Parago nagaine [sic]: My man of men. View more context for this quotation 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 426 Lucifer, so by allusion calld, Of that bright Starr to Satan paragond . View more context for this quotation 1751 F. Coventry Hist. Pompey the Little i. i. 9 In this single View I may be allowed to paragon myself with the incomparable Writer of the Life of Cicero. a1868 C. Harpur Stranger in Poet. Wks. (1984) 872 A vagrant ray Fall'n through some crevice of his dungeon, hits His faded eye, might paragon with a star Seen in its present glory. 1903 A. Austin Flodden Field i. 43 What, forsooth, is love, Dainty, delicious pastime though it be, When paragoned with statecraft or with war? †2. transitive. To excel, surpass. Obsolete. rare.In later use only with allusion to quot. a1616 at sense 1. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > sufficient quantity, amount, or degree > excessive amount or degree > do (something) to excess [verb (transitive)] > exceed or extend beyond passa1387 surmount1502 surpassa1555 transcend1559 outreacha1568 surreach1606 paragona1616 outsweepa1729 overjump1877 a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) ii. i. 63 He hath atchieu'd a maide, That parragons description, and wild fame. View more context for this quotation 1840 Southern Literary Messenger 6 515/1 In his eye she was one ‘that paragoned wild fame, and in the essential vesture of creation did bear all excellency’. †3. transitive. To exemplify or serve as a model for; to offer as a paragon or perfect model. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > a standard of conduct > act in accordance with [verb (transitive)] > set (an example) > set forth as an example paragon1617 the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > an individual case or instance > find or furnish an instance or example of [verb (transitive)] > be an example or specimen of paragonize1592 paragon1617 type1627 represent1838 typify1854 1617 S. Collins Epphata to F. T. i. Abstr. of Contents ii Peter the fitter to paragon the Church, because a great sinner and so apt to shew mercie. 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. iv. 227 We are contented To weare our mortall State to come, with her..before the primest Creature That's Parragon'd o' th' World. View more context for this quotation †4. transitive. To match or be equal to; to compete with in merit or quality. Also intransitive. Obsolete (poetic in later use). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > relationship > equality or equivalence > make equal [verb (transitive)] > be equal to or match to be even witheOE match?1529 countervail1530 even1582 suit1583 patterna1586 amate1590 proportionate1590 parallela1594 fellow1596 to hold its level with1598 adequate1599 coequal1599 twin1605 paragonize1606 peer1614 to come upa1616 proportiona1616 paragon1620 parallelize1620 tail1639 to match up to (also with)1958 1620 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes 2nd Pt. Don Quixote iv. ix. 123 Few or none could for Feature paragon with her, and much less excel her. 1629 W. Mure Sonnets vii, in Wks. (1898) I My loue, my lyfe..Bright spark of beutie, paragon'd by few. 1697 J. Evelyn Numismata vii. 239 Such proof of their Abilities..as may rightly paragon them with..the..Ancients. 1787 R. Glover Athenaid iii. xxvii. 192 In arms anon to paragon the morn. 1835 E. Bulwer-Lytton Rienzi II. vi. v. 344 [It was] a virtue nature could not paragon, words could not repay. 1872 R. Browning Fifine xxiii To join your peers, paragon charm with charm, As I shall show you may. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1548v.a1586
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