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单词 parage
释义

paragen.

Brit. /ˈparɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈpɛrɪdʒ/ (in sense 3)Brit. /paˈraʒ/, U.S. /pəˈrɑʒ/
Forms: Middle English parag, Middle English perage, Middle English porache, Middle English–1600s (1900s– historical) parage, 1500s paraige, 1500s parayge; also Scottish pre-1700 parrage.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French parage.
Etymology: < Anglo-Norman parage, perage and Old French, Middle French, French parage (noble) descent (c1050), equality of conditions among brothers in spite of the unequal division of inheritance (c1140), tenure of a fief shared by brothers under which the fief is not divided with respect to the lord (1520) < pair equal (see peer n. and adj.) + -age -age suffix. Compare Old Occitan paradge (c1070), Catalan paratge (13th cent.), post-classical Latin paragium tenure in common (1086 in a British source; from 13th cent. in continental sources), equality of condition or rank (13th cent.), paraticum noble rank (13th cent.).The derivation from pair suggests that, in spite of its being first recorded later, the original sense in French (and post-classical Latin) was ‘equality of condition or rank’ and the sense ‘noble lineage or extraction’ is secondary. The sense ‘equality of conditions among brothers in spite of the unequal division of inheritance’ is apparently chiefly Norman and Anglo-Norman. In of high parage (compare e.g. quot. 1652 at sense 1a) after French de haut parage (c1160). Compare ( < French) Italian paraggio (late 12th cent.), Spanish paraje (first half of the 13th cent. in form parage), and also Middle Dutch parage, Middle High German parage.
1.
a. Lineage, descent, or rank; esp. noble or high lineage. Also: the qualities of courtesy, generosity, etc., held to be proper to a person of noble lineage. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > nobility > [noun] > noble lineage
athelc885
paragea1275
gentle bloodc1300
ancestry?a1400
pedigreec1460
birtha1513
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > lineage or descent > [noun] > condition determined by > noble birth or lineage
athelc885
paragea1275
ancestry?a1400
pedigreec1460
birtha1513
a1275 Body & Soul (Trin. Cambr. B.14.39) l. 32 in A. S. M. Clark Seint Maregrete & Body & Soul (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Michigan) (1972) 120 Wrmes sal ete mi [read þi] wite þrote for al þi riche parage.
c1300 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Cambr.) (1966) l. 256 Þer buþ seriauns in þe stage Þat serueþ þe maidenes of parage.
c1330 (?a1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) p. 416 (MED) He mett a man of fair parage; Y-comen he was of heyȝe linage, & of kin fair & fre.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 167 (MED) Aproch þou to þat Prynce of parage noble.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Ordre of Chyualry (1926) iv. 58 Parage is none thynge but honour auncyently acustomed.
1528 Rede me & be nott Wrothe sig. d iiijv They..fare moche better at their table, Then lordes of worthy parage.
a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) i. ii. sig. B.jv His face is for ladies of high and noble parages. With whome he hardly scapeth great mariages.
1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 281 So did the Kings of Wales of high parage.
1964 F. White West of Rhone v. 69 A quality the troubadours called parage..it included food for all, festal games and dances, fine clothes and good manners, kindness and the sweetness of life.
b. Worth, value. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > worth > [noun]
worthOE
worthfulnessOE
price?c1225
savour?c1225
aughtshipc1275
dearworthinessc1325
worthiness1372
preciousnessc1390
richesa1400
preciosity1402
valeur1433
valurec1440
preciousheadc1450
vail1471
paragea1475
valour?a1475
availa1522
vailance1532
validity1593
carat1600
condignity1605
valiant1606
esteeming1609
self-worth1610
telling1636
valuableness?1649
worthship1664
treasurableness1898
a1475 Asneth 72 in Jrnl. Eng. & Germanic Philol. (1910) 9 229 (MED) A ful high tour was bild for here, of werk þat was rial..and aboue it vpon stage Ten chambres for here wer bild, of precious parage.
a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) iii. v. 222 Syne to my fader,..Riche rewardis he gaif of hie parage.
2. Equality in high hereditary rank or status. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social class > [noun] > equality of birth or station
paragea1393
equalitya1525
egalness1526
equalness1530
egality1864
classlessness1917
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. 3336 (MED) And if thou were of such lignage, That thou to me were of parage, And that thi fader were a Pier..Thou scholdest thanne be my wif.
a1522 G. Douglas in tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) iv. Prol. 44 Thow makis febill wycht, and lawest the hie; Thow knittis frendschip quhar thar bene na parage.
1597 J. Skene De Verborum Significatione at Disparagivm Like as parage is called equalitie..swa disparagium is called inequalitie in bluid, honour, dignitie or vtherwaies.
a1670 J. Hacket Scrinia Reserata (1693) ii. 115 He [sc. Laud] thought it a disparagement to have a parage with any of his rank.
3. Feudal Law. A system of land tenure under which a fief is divided among brothers, the younger brothers holding from the eldest by right of equality, and the eldest rendering fealty to the lord in respect of the whole fief. Also: a person's share in such a system. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [noun] > types of tenure by inheritance
Borough-English1327
parage1450
courtesy1523
homage ancestral?1538
borough-kind1577
tanistrya1599
borough-tenurea1670
parentage1728
curiality1861
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > [noun] > tenure in feu > equality of tenure among brothers
parage1450
1450 Rolls of Parl. V. 183/2 They may have and enjoy their libertee and fredome in case of their Parage hereafter, as frely and as largely as every they or eny of their Auncestres or Predecessours had and enjoyed before this tyme.
a1500 tr. A. Chartier Traité de l'Esperance (Rawl.) (1974) 55 (MED) Wene ye [to] holde of God by parag and to departe with Him that hath no peere?
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) When a Fief is divided among Brothers..the younger hold their Part of the elder by Parage, i.e. without any Homage or Service.
1875 H. J. S. Maine Lect. Early Hist. Inst. vii. 205 Called in French ‘Parage’, under which the near kinsmen of the eldest son still took an interest in the family property, but held it of him as his Peers.
1923 W. S. Holdsworth Hist. Eng. Law III. 173 His younger brothers lived on the land with him. They held it ‘in parage’ as equals (pares); but it is the eldest to whom the lord looks for the due performance of the services.
1995 Amer. Hist. Rev. 100 83 In parts of these areas, and most notably in Normandy, the custom of parage arose.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.a1275
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