pancreasn.

Brit.

/ˈpaŋkrɪəs/, U.S.

/ˈpæŋkriəs/

Forms: 1500s 1700s panchreas, 1500s– pancreas.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin pancreat-, pancreas.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin pancreat-, pancreas (1559 or earlier) < ancient Greek παγκρεατ- , πάγκρεας sweetbread, pancreas < παν- pan- comb. form + κρέας flesh (see creatic adj.). Compare Middle French, French pancréas (1562), Italian pancreas (a1666; a1568 as †pancreasso), Spanish pancreas (c1560).

1. Anatomy and Zoology. A large, lobulated gland located in the upper part of the abdomen behind the stomach, having both an exocrine function (secretion of digestive enzymes into the duodenum) and an endocrine function (secretion of insulin and glucagon from the islets of Langerhans).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > secretory organs > gland > specific glands > [noun] > glands having gastric secretions

pancreas1578

nutc1816

chylopoietic1849

peptic gland1866

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 68 This body is called Panchreas, that is, all carnous or fleshy, for that it is made and contexed of Glandulous flesh.

1666 Philos. Trans. 1665–6 (Royal Soc.) 1 178 He has enumerated the various opinions of Anatomists concerning the use of that kernelly substance; call'd Pancreas (in English, the Sweetbred).

1681 Table of Hard Words in S. Pordage tr. T. Willis Remaining Med. Wks. Pancreas, called in a hog the sweet bread.

1731 J. Arbuthnot Ess. Nature Aliments i. 7 The Pancreas is a large salivary Gland separating about a Pound of an Humour like Spittle, in twelve Hours.

1780 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 70 329 The spleen, pancreas, and liver, were perfectly found.

1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 784 The Pancreas..lying across the vertebral column, between the three curvatures of the duodenum, behind the stomach, and to the right of the spleen.

1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 723 The ferments of the pancreas, especially the fat-transforming steapsin, may be searched for.

a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) II. 1316 The beginning of the small intestine (or small bowel) is called the duodenum, and it receives the bile-duct from the liver and the pancreatic duct from the pancreas.

1976 Audubon Sept. 30/3 It will free a lot of calf pancreases for us sweetbread freaks who can hardly afford the going prices for ris de veau.

2002 Independent 21 Feb. 9/2 The classic kind of diabetes in children is Type 1, in which the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas are destroyed.

2. Zoology. Any of several types of gland associated with the digestive tract in invertebrates. Now rare or historical.

ΚΠ

1841 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom ix. §160. 122 To these secreting cæca [of Rotifera] Ehrenberg has chosen to give the name of pancreas, but..the first rudiments of a pancreas are only met with in animals far higher in the scale of animal existence.

1883 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 676/2 Upon the bile-ducts in Dibranchiata are developed yellowish glandular diverticula, which are known as ‘pancreas’, though neither physiologically nor morphologically is there any ground for considering [them]..equivalent to the glands so denominated in the Vertebrata.

1992 M. Stachowitsch Invertebr. 245/2 ‘Pancreas’, relatively small proximal or posterior subdivision of digestive gland [in cephalopods].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	pancreas
释义	pancreasn. Brit. /ˈpaŋkrɪəs/, U.S. /ˈpæŋkriəs/ Forms: 1500s 1700s panchreas, 1500s– pancreas. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin pancreat-, pancreas. Etymology: < post-classical Latin pancreat-, pancreas (1559 or earlier) < ancient Greek παγκρεατ- , πάγκρεας sweetbread, pancreas < παν- pan- comb. form + κρέας flesh (see creatic adj.). Compare Middle French, French pancréas (1562), Italian pancreas (a1666; a1568 as †pancreasso), Spanish pancreas (c1560). 1. Anatomy and Zoology. A large, lobulated gland located in the upper part of the abdomen behind the stomach, having both an exocrine function (secretion of digestive enzymes into the duodenum) and an endocrine function (secretion of insulin and glucagon from the islets of Langerhans). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > secretory organs > gland > specific glands > [noun] > glands having gastric secretions pancreas1578 nutc1816 chylopoietic1849 peptic gland1866 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 68 This body is called Panchreas, that is, all carnous or fleshy, for that it is made and contexed of Glandulous flesh. 1666 Philos. Trans. 1665–6 (Royal Soc.) 1 178 He has enumerated the various opinions of Anatomists concerning the use of that kernelly substance; call'd Pancreas (in English, the Sweetbred). 1681 Table of Hard Words in S. Pordage tr. T. Willis Remaining Med. Wks. Pancreas, called in a hog the sweet bread. 1731 J. Arbuthnot Ess. Nature Aliments i. 7 The Pancreas is a large salivary Gland separating about a Pound of an Humour like Spittle, in twelve Hours. 1780 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 70 329 The spleen, pancreas, and liver, were perfectly found. 1831 R. Knox tr. H. Cloquet Syst. Human Anat. (ed. 2) 784 The Pancreas..lying across the vertebral column, between the three curvatures of the duodenum, behind the stomach, and to the right of the spleen. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 723 The ferments of the pancreas, especially the fat-transforming steapsin, may be searched for. a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) II. 1316 The beginning of the small intestine (or small bowel) is called the duodenum, and it receives the bile-duct from the liver and the pancreatic duct from the pancreas. 1976 Audubon Sept. 30/3 It will free a lot of calf pancreases for us sweetbread freaks who can hardly afford the going prices for ris de veau. 2002 Independent 21 Feb. 9/2 The classic kind of diabetes in children is Type 1, in which the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas are destroyed. 2. Zoology. Any of several types of gland associated with the digestive tract in invertebrates. Now rare or historical. ΚΠ 1841 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom ix. §160. 122 To these secreting cæca [of Rotifera] Ehrenberg has chosen to give the name of pancreas, but..the first rudiments of a pancreas are only met with in animals far higher in the scale of animal existence. 1883 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 676/2 Upon the bile-ducts in Dibranchiata are developed yellowish glandular diverticula, which are known as ‘pancreas’, though neither physiologically nor morphologically is there any ground for considering [them]..equivalent to the glands so denominated in the Vertebrata. 1992 M. Stachowitsch Invertebr. 245/2 ‘Pancreas’, relatively small proximal or posterior subdivision of digestive gland [in cephalopods]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1578
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