palatineadj.¹n.¹

Brit.

/ˈpalətʌɪn/, U.S.

/ˈpæləˌtaɪn/

Forms: late Middle English palatyn, late Middle English palentyne, late Middle English palyntyne, late Middle English–1600s palantyne, late Middle English–1600s palatyne, 1500s pallentine, 1500s pallentyne, 1500s–1600s palantine, 1500s–1600s pallantyne, 1500s–1600s pallatyne, 1500s–1700s palatin, 1500s–1700s pallatine, 1500s– palatine, 1600s paladine, 1600s palaintine, 1600s palladine, 1600s pallateen, 1600s pallatin, 1600s pallettine, 1600s (1800s archaic) palentine; Scottish pre-1700 palentyne, pre-1700 pallentyne, pre-1700 1700s– palatine, 1800s palantine. Also with capital initial. N.E.D.(1904) also records a form late Middle English palyntyne.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French palatin; Latin Palātīnus.

Etymology: < Middle French palatin (1256 in Old French as adjective in conte palatin (see below), 1306 as noun, first attested in the corresponding feminine form (compare palatiness n.)) and its etymon classical Latin Palātīnus (adjective) of or relating to the Palatine Hill in Rome, of or relating to the Emperor, imperial, in post-classical Latin also with reference to the imperial troops (4th cent.: see sense B. 4), (noun) inhabitant of the Palatine Hill, in post-classical Latin also officer of the palace, chamberlain (6th cent.), count palatine (early 11th cent.) < Palātium palace n.¹ + -īnus -ine suffix¹. Compare Spanish palatino (1280), Italian palatino (1490–1513). Compare paladin n. With use as noun compare slightly earlier palatiness n.With county palatine (see sense A. 1) compare post-classical Latin comitatus palatinus (1297, 1414, 1542 in British sources). With count palatine (see sense A. 2) compare post-classical Latin comes palatinus (9th cent.; from c1135 in British sources), Consul Palatinus (a1142 in a British source), Old French, Middle French, French comte palatin (1256 as conte palatin ). The term was applied especially in the Middle Ages to the rulers of Hungary, the great lords of Poland and Lithuania, Counts Palatine of Germany, Burgundy, etc. (compare sense B. 1a). Post-classical Latin palatinus is widely attested in Hungarian, Polish, Dutch and German sources, denoting a count palatine or other ruler (from the 10th cent.; frequently from the 12th cent.). In sense B. 8 after French palatine (1680; so called after Elisabeth-Charlotte of Bavaria, Princess Palatine (1652–1722), wife of Philippe, Duc d'Orléans). With forms in -nt- compare post-classical Latin palentinus (a1408 in a British source), Old French palantien (13th cent.) and the early Germanic forms of words for ‘palace’ listed s.v. palsgrave n. Attested earlier as a surname (John Paladyn (1362)), apparently in sense ‘(officer) of the palace’ (compare senses A. 6, B. 4), although it is uncertain whether this should be interpreted as reflecting a Middle English or an Anglo-Norman word. Compare paladin n. Compare also earlier use of the Latin word (in sense A. 5) in an English context: ▸ a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 211 Remus and Romulus bulde Rome in þe hul Palatinus. N.E.D. (1904) also gives the pronunciation of the final syllable as (-in) /-ɪn/.

A. adj.¹

I. Senses relating to a ruler or official having royal privileges and authority.

1. Originally: designating a county or other territory in England (and later in Ireland and other countries) of which the earl or lord originally had royal privileges, with the right of exclusive civil and criminal jurisdiction within that territory (now historical). Later: designating a modern administrative area corresponding to this. Usually as postmodifier, esp. in county palatine.Some of the former English counties palatine, especially Cheshire, Durham, and Lancashire, continue to be referred to as such on occasion despite no longer having any distinctive judicial status. The word is also occasionally applied to the German Palatinate. palatine earldom n. now historical the territory or dominion of an earl palatine.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > [noun] > aggregate of sovereign states under one rule > the Holy Roman or German Empire > palatinate

palatinate1577

county palatine1620

Pfalzgraviate1762

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > jurisdiction or territory of specific rulers or nobles > [noun] > of count palatine > in England or Ireland

palatinate1614

palatine earldom1874

1436 Rolls of Parl. IV. 497/2 The Justices of oure saide Soveraigne Lorde of his Countee Palentyne.

1450 in Archaeologia (1900) 57 75 (MED) All the Clergy, Barons, Knyghtes, Squiers, & all the cominaltee of your comite palatyne of Chestre.

1491–2 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1491 §23. m. 9 Where the countie of Lancastre is and of long tyme hath byn a countie palyntyne.

1535–6 Act 27 Hen. VIII c. 24 §2 In all Shires, Counties, Counties Palantyne and other Places of this Realme.

1555 J. Wilkinson tr. L. de Avila y Cuñiga Comm. Wars in Germany sig. K.viii^v At this time the Countey Palatine began to treate as a man repented, because he had shewed himselfe against hys maiestie.

1591 in F. J. Furnivall Child-marriages, Divorces, & Ratifications Diocese Chester (1897) 150 John Milner, Bailiff Itinerant of this Countie Palantine of Chester.

1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 138 There were fiue County Palatines erected in Leinster.

1620 F. Bacon Draught of Proclam. in Wks. (1879) II. 118/2 Neither can we think it safe for us..that the county Palatine carrying with itself an electorate..should now become at the disposing of that house [of Austria].

1641 Termes de la Ley (at cited word) Of these Counties there are foure more remarkeable than others, called County Palatines, as the County Palatine of Lancaster, of Chester, of Durham, and of Ely, An. 5. El. c. 23, there was also the County Palatine of Hexam, An. 33. H. 8. c. 10.

1703 Act 1 Anne Stat. i. c. 7 §5 Under the..seals of the duchy and county palatine of Lancaster.

1754 J. Lodge Peerage of Ireland II. 43 The Parliament of this Kingdom, 26th June 1716, passed an Act, extinguishing the Regalities and Liberties of the County Palatine of Tipperary.

1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. II. xviii. 708 The franchise of a county palatine gave a right of exclusive civil and criminal jurisdiction.

1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. I. xi. §124. 363 (note) The first creation of a palatine earldom under that name is that of Lancaster in 1351.

1900 Dict. National Biogr. LXI. 373/2 It included the castle and lordship of Pembroke, possession of which gave her a sort of claim to the palatine earldom, whose regalian rights she was thus enabled to exercise.

1960 J. Barth Sot-weed Factor i. x. 92 To distinguish her above all other regions in the territory, Maryland was named a Province, a county palatine.

2002 Lawyer (Nexis) 10 June 3 Mr Justice Lloyd..has been made Vice Chancellor of the County Palatine of Lancaster.

2. Designating a ruler, official, or feudal lord who exercises the sovereign's authority in certain matters, or who has jurisdiction within a given territory of a type which elsewhere belongs to the sovereign alone. Usually as postmodifier. Now historical.

a. Count Palatine n. (a) any of several counts in the German Empire, each having supreme jurisdiction within his own territory; (b) a count (see count n.² 2) of the imperial palace in the later Roman Empire, having supreme judicial authority in the imperial court; (c) (with lower-case initials) = earl palatine n. at sense A. 2e.With reference to the German Empire, it also occurs (sometimes more fully as Count Palatine of the Rhine) as an alternative name for the Pfalzgraf (cf. palsgrave n.) or Elector Palatine.The title of Count Palatine of the Lateran has also been conferred at various times, both by the papacy and under the Holy Roman Empire.In England count palatine was sometimes used in the 17th cent. in preference to earl palatine.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > Palsgrave or Count Palatine

Count Palatine1482

palsgrave1539

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > Earl or Count Palatine

Count Palatine1482

earl palatinea1599

palatine1612

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > for a count > Palsgrave or Count Palatine

Count Palatine1482

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > other independent rulers > [noun] > German elector > specific elector

Count Palatine1482

palsgrave1539

prince palatine1576

Elector Palatine1579

Pfalzgraf1611

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > for a count > Palsgrave or Count Palatine > Earl or Count Palatine

Count Palatine1482

palatine1612

1482 W. Caxton in tr. Higden's Prolicionycion viii. viii. f. ccclxxxxviij^v This Robertus duk of bayer and Counte Palatyn on the Ryn..was crowned.

a1525 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I. 308/5 The castell pallentyne within the ryver of the Ryne, of quhilk cownt palentyne takis his stile.

1564 in R. Renwick Abstr. Protocols Town Clerks Glasgow (1897) V. 9 His instrument..berand him to be creat notar be Maister William Salmond, count palatine [of the Lateran].

1590 W. Segar Bk. Honor & Armes iv. 56 An Earle or Count was a Iudge or Commander in Peace, and of them in the auncient Emperours seruice were diuers, as the Countes Palatine, were as stewards of the Emperours house, of his Court, or Stable.

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. ii. 57 Why hee hath..a better bad habite of frowning then the Count Palentine.

1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion viii. 181 For the Name of Palatine, know, that in ancient time vnder the Emperours of declining Rome, the title of Count Palatine was; but so, that it extended first only to him which had care of the Houshold and Imperiall reuenew.

1612 J. Selden in M. Drayton Poly-olbion xi. Illustr. 181 William the Conqueror, first created one Hugh Wolfe a Norman, Count Palatine of Chester.

1661 S. Morgan Sphere of Gentry iv. vi. 82 The Count Palatine was created..Arch Treasurer of the Empire.

1819 Ld. Byron Mazeppa viii. 343 An angry man, ye may opine, Was he, the proud Count Palatine.

1840 Penny Cycl. XVII. 56 The archbishop of York, previously to the reign of Elizabeth, claimed to be a count palatine within his possession of Hexham and Hexhamshire.

1899 Eng. Hist. Rev. 14 352 In the double capacity of duke of Lucca and count palatine of the Lateran, he assisted at the coronation [of Louis IV].

1959 E. H. Wilkins Petrarch's Later Years xxxii. 245 In 1356, on the occasion of Petrarch's mission to Prague, Charles IV had made him a Count Palatine.

1993 J. Sayers Innocent III (BNC) 51 The Cologne assembly..denied the validity of his election, saying that..the count Palatine and the archbishop of Mainz had been absent.

1995 A. D. M. Barrell Papacy, Scotl. & Northern Eng. (2002) v. 190 The king forbade Neville to make his visitation of Durham.., on the grounds that this would threaten the bishop's status as count palatine.

2003 R. G. Musto Apocalypse in Rome xi. 247 The marshal was insulted by the count of Vico and his brother; and thereupon the tribune had cited the count palatine..the brother of the aforesaid men, who was at that time collecting forces to go to Apulia.

b. prince palatine n. = Count Palatine n. (a) at sense A. 2a. Also occasionally = earl palatine n. at sense A. 2e.Frederick V of Bohemia (1596–1632), Elector Palatine, who in 1613 married Elizabeth, daughter of James I and Anne of Denmark, was also sometimes called Prince Palatine, as was his son Rupert (1619–82).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > other independent rulers > [noun] > German elector > specific elector

Count Palatine1482

palsgrave1539

prince palatine1576

Elector Palatine1579

Pfalzgraf1611

1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health i. v. f.10^v As I the lyke..haue experienced in my selfe, to the perill of my health, at the Bathes of Oenosponte, where I abode a certayne season with the Noble Prince Palatine.

1614 in E. Arber Transcript Reg. Company of Stationers 1554–1640 (1876) III. 559 The auspiciall gouerment of Frederick the Prince Palatine.

?c1663 B. Whitelocke Diary (1990) 334 They talked much of the Q[ueens] design to..resign the Crown to her Cousen the P[rince] Palatine.

1702 J. Savage Antient & Present State Germany 54 The Duke of Newburg, the Duke of Biponts, and the Prince Palatine of Weldentz, have each of 'em one [sc. voice].

1795 H. Skrine Three Successive Tours North of Eng., & Great Part Scotl. viii. 81 Within there are several fine rooms, and a spacious hall after the college fashion, with several of the arms and trophies of a prince palatine suspended.

1807 W. Coxe Hist. House of Austria II. xlv. 736 As the means of uniting their interests, a marriage was arranged between the prince Palatine and the daughter of the elector of Brandenburgh.

1884 W. Besant Dorothy Forster I. viii. 235 As Lord Bishop of Durham, he enjoyed the revenues and the powers of a Prince Palatine, with six splendid castles, including Durham, Auckland, and Norham.

1929 ‘S. N. D.’ Sir W. Howard, Visct. Stafford iv. 48 His Electoral Illustriousness, the Prince Palatine of the Rhine.

1997 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.) (Nexis) 26 May b3 She was soon known as ‘The Queen of Hearts’ for her sweetness of disposition and wit. On Dec. 27, 1612, she was betrothed to Frederick, Prince Palatine.

c. Elector Palatine n. = Count Palatine n. (a) at sense A. 2a. See elector n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > other independent rulers > [noun] > German elector > specific elector

Count Palatine1482

palsgrave1539

prince palatine1576

Elector Palatine1579

Pfalzgraf1611

1579 tr. Ld. Buterich in tr. J. Casimir Certaine Orations sig. Bx^v Concerning the former dets dewe vnto bothe my Lord the Elector Palatine, next to my aforesaid Lord the Duke Iohn Cassimire.

c1580 F. Bacon State Europe in Wks. (1879) I. 367/1 The elector palatine Ludovic, a Lutheran; his chief abode is at Heidelberg.

1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 17 Wee entred a Countrey belonging to that Elector Palatine of the Rheine, which Elector is called vulgarly the Phaltz-graue.

1753 Scots Mag. 15 27/1 There is a dispute..between the Elector Palatine, and the Elector of Bavaria, about one of these Vicariatships.

1783 W. Thomson in R. Watson & W. Thomson Hist. Reign Philip III vi. 427 Frederick elector palatine, a prince young, high-spirited, and in power not inferior to any of the protestants.

1800 Monthly Mag. Sept. 229/1 To meet to celebrate the admission of an Elector Palatine, who has besides much merit, to a learned Society, is not a circumstance from which any inconvenience can result.

1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 101 The resident of the Elector Palatine..fitted up a chapel in Lime Street.

1927 E. Welsford Court Masque vii. 191 In 1613 the marriage of the Elector Palatine with the Princess Elizabeth was the cause of protracted rejoicings.

2009 Western Morning News (Nexis) 24 Jan. 22 It was made by the Frankenthal porcelain factory..under the careful gaze and protection of Elector Palatine Carl Theodor.

d. countess palatine n. the wife or widow of a count palatine.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > Earl or Count Palatine > Countess Palatine

palatiness1559

countess palatine1583

princess palatine1613

palsgravine1826

1583 tr. Treaty in T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries iv. f. 5 The right honorable Ladie, now wife to the right noble Count Palatine of the Rhine, Elector..the saied Countesse Palatine, or any other that taketh her cause in hand, maie haue lawe and Iustice.

1618 P. Holderus tr. J. van Oldenbarneveld Barneuel's Apol. sig. Div The Electoresse, and Countesse Palatine.

1845 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 18 July 6/2 Both offices are in the gift of the Crown..the latter in right of the more recently acquired title of Countess Palatine of Durham.

1856 W. Whellan Hist. Durham 103 Little variation occurred..until the year 1830, when..the regal powers vested in the Bishop of Durham were transferred to the sovereign..and hence her Majesty the Queen is now Countess Palatine of Durham.

1900 G. T. Lapsley County Pal. Durham 2 To-day the queen-empress is also countess palatine of Durham.

1936 Times 11 Dec. 17/2 Sir John's son married Elizabeth, daughter of the Countess Palatine of Strathearn, King Robert's granddaughter.

2012 Sun Herald (Sydney) (Nexis) 8 Jan. s2 She was sane and knew what mattered in life and it wasn't her hereditary title of ‘Countess Palatine of the Rhines’; it was love, the love we shared.

e. earl palatine n. (also lord palatine) the earl or lord of a county palatine.In later use chiefly applied to the Earl of Chester, and Duke of Lancaster, dignities which are attached to the crown.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > Earl or Count Palatine

Count Palatine1482

earl palatinea1599

palatine1612

1533 Fabyans Cronycle (new ed.) I. v. cxxxii. f. lxix Y^e kyng made his son Sigebert as kynge & ruler of that lordshyp of Austracy, assygnynge to hym the bisshop of Colayn named Cunbert, and the erle Palatyne named Agasyle, to be hys tutours.]

a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 21 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) A Palsgrave, named an Earle Palatine.

1623 W. Traheron & E. Grimeston tr. P. Mexia Imperiall Hist. 839 Presently the Archbishop of Iauerin, the Lord Palatine Tvrso, with many other Noblemen Hungarians, receiued it with great honour.]

1640 J. Yorke Union of Honour 106 Randolph, surnamed Blundevile..the sixth Earle Palatine of Chester.

1648 R. Evelin Let. in B. Plantagenet Descr. New Albion 21 If my Lord Palatine will bring with him three hundred men or more there is no doubt but that he may doe very well and grow rich.

1762 tr. J. Davies Rep. Cases Law Ireland 172 As every earl palatine in England had such royal jurisdiction, and such royal seignory, as appears by the authorities before put, so every earl palatine in Ireland had the same authorities, as appears by several records of this realm.

1786 C. Vallancey Collectanea de Rebus Hibern. III. 410 The ruins of a castle built in the reign of King John, by Richard de St. Michael, created Baron of Rheban by Marshal earl of Pembroke, lord palatine of Leinster.

1834 Court Mag. & Belle Assemblée Apr. 153/1 He would there, as chief harper to the earl palatine, be heard, not only by the Anglo-Hibernian lords of the pale, but by the Irish princes of the still unconquered districts of Ulster.

1849 Jrnl. Brit. Archaeol. Assoc. Oct. 200 The baron was a member of the high court of jurisdiction of his lord, whether of the king or the lord palatine, and was bound to attend if summoned, and might attend whether summoned or not.

1900 Glasgow Herald 28 July 7/6 The first Earl of Menteith..was son of Euphemia, sole heiress of Prince David, Earl Palatine of Strathern, the first son to King Robert II.

1931 Times 30 Mar. 8/5 Here in Durham treasure trove was the property of the Bishop as Lord Palatine until, by the Act of June 21, 1836, this, with other rights, was vested in the crown.

2008 G. D. Liddy Bishopric of Durham iii. 104 Edward III resurrected, in 1376, the distinctive title ‘earl palatine’, a noble title which had first been used in relation to Bishop Antony Bek in early 1293, but which had since fallen into disue.

f. princess palatine n. the wife, widow, or daughter of a count palatine.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > Earl or Count Palatine > Countess Palatine

palatiness1559

countess palatine1583

princess palatine1613

palsgravine1826

1613 R. Allyne Teares of Joy sig. B2^v (title) To Elizabeth Princesse Palatine of Rhine, Dutches of Bavaria.

1684 Scanderbeg Redivivus iii. 31 The Daughter of the Princess Pallatine.

1738 S. Whatley tr. K. L. von Pöllnitz Mem. III. 8 His first appearance at Court was in the time of Frederic-William the Great, in the retinue of the Princess Palatine de Simmeren, Sister of the first Electoress.

1791 Crit. Rev. Nov. 345 This marriage seems confirmed by the letters of the princess Palatine, duchess of Orleans.

1808 Monthly Mag. Suppl. No., 30 Jan. 645/2 In 1665, he married the Duke d'Enghien to the Princess Palatine, Anne of Bavaria, on which he repaired to Chantilly, and spent his life tranquilly.

1877 Northern Echo 6 Sept. 3/5 Prince Bismark, who repeated what the Princess Palatine said of her son, the Duke of Orleans, not believing in God, but being terribly afraid of the Devil.

1957 M. B. Picken Fashion Dict. 52/1 Palatine, small shoulder cape or tippet of lace or fur, introduced into France in 1676 by the Princess Palatine.

2000 V. J. Pitts La Grande Mademoiselle at Court of France iii. 70 The Princess Palatine and Madame de Choisy arranged an ‘accidental’ meeting with Mademoiselle in the gardens of the Tuileries to reopen the topic.

3. Of or relating to the Elector Palatine of Germany (see sense A. 2), the German Palatinate, or the people of this territory.In quot. a1525, perhaps the name of the castle.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Germanic region > [adjective] > German palatinate

palatinea1525

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > [adjective] > of or relating to an empire > of part of Holy Roman Empire

easteOE

palatinea1525

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > exile > [adjective] > refugee or stateless > specific

palatine1866

a1525 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I. 308/5 The castell pallentyne within the ryver of the Ryne.

1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Nn4 The Palatine Librarie..in Heidelberg.

1644 in D. Neal Hist. Purit. (1736) III. 222 His Grace has forgot his refusing to licence the Palatine Confession of Faith.

1695 London Gaz. No. 3139/3 The Palatin Troops are returned from the Upper Rhine.

1710 R. Hunter in Documents Colonial Hist. N.-Y. (1855) V. 165 We want still three of the Palatin Ships and those arrived are in a deplorable sickly condition.

a1754 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. (1755) IV. 1 The Palatine alliance flattered James with the expectation of acquiring a mighty interest in Germany.

1769 Ann. Reg. 1768 64/1 The elector..instituted a new order of knighthood, entitled the order of the Palatine-lion.

1866 Atlantic Monthly Dec. 721/1 At the corner of Rector Street was the old Lutheran church frequented by the Palatine refugees.

1888 Dict. National Biogr. XIII. 48/1 To the former she [sc. Elizabeth, queen of Bohemia] had bequeathed her papers, together with her unique collection of Stuart and palatine family portraits.

1961 W. Brandon Indians 216/1 Swiss and Palatine colonists were settled on the land just before the Tuscarora uprising.

1993 T. Harris Politics under Stuarts (BNC) 184 The parish of Sundridge in Kent grudgingly decided to accept two Palatine families, up to a maximum of ten people.

4. Of, belonging to, or under the jurisdiction of a count or earl palatine, or to a county palatine. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [adjective] > of earl or count palatine or palatinate

palatine1639

1639 Laws Maryland in Arch. Maryland (1883) I. 48 The Lord Proprietarie shall he allowed all..the like prerogatives and Royall Rights as are usually or of right due or belonging to a Court Pallatine.

1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. II. xxxv. 281 The regalities of the see, which included the jurisdiction of a court palatine, were given by the king to Northumberland.

1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. i. 7 In a few counties there still remained a palatine jurisdiction, exclusive of the king's courts.

1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. I. xi. §124. 364 He [sc. Roger Montgomery] also may have possessed palatine rights.

1903 G. Gilbert Cathedral Cities Eng. 139 At one time Chester was a palatine city, enjoying all the privileges peculiar to that dignity.

1989 C. Morris Papal Monarchy (1991) xvi. 396 In England the bishop of Durham held ‘palatine’ powers.

II. Senses relating to imperial palaces.

5. With capital initial. Relating to or designating the hill in Rome on which the city was traditionally founded. Chiefly in Palatine Hill (formerly also Mount Palatine; classical Latin Mōns Palātīnus).

ΚΠ

1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. i. iii. 22 Sic thingis done, he garnist mont palentyne, quhare he was nurist, with strang mvnitioun.

1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. i. v. 5 Even in those daies..was the feastivall pastime Lupercal, used in mount Palatine [L. in Palatio monte].

1607 Trag. Claudius Tiberius Nero sig. L^v Poast poast, away some to the Capitoll, Some to port Esquiline, mount Pallatine.

1614 T. Godwin Romanæ Historiæ Anthologia ii. ii. xvi. 49 The former 12 being called Salij Palatini, from the Palatine mount, where they did beginne their mauriske.

1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 201 The side of the Palatine mountain that faces it.

1767 J. Hoole Titus i. v, in Dramas & Other Poems (1800) I. 236 On the side is a distant prospect of the Palatine-hill, and a great part of the sacred way.

1846 H. W. Herbert Roman Traitor I. v. 64 Skirting the base of the Palatine hill, they passed the old circular temple of Remus to the right hand.

1893 R. Lanciani Pagan & Christian Rome ii. 70 This name [sc. Roma Quadrata] has been much discussed, and it has even been applied to the Palatine city itself.

1913 W. W. Fowler in J. E. Sandys Compan. Lat. Stud. (ed. 2) 158 Certain quaint and primitive rites of this kind in use at the Lupercalia and the Parilia, which survive from the oldest Palatine settlement.

1981 Washington Post (Nexis) 18 Apr. a11 The pope..carried a light wooden cross in a Way of the Cross procession from the ancient Colosseum and up the Palatine hill in central Rome.

6. Of or belonging to a palace, esp. the imperial palace of the Caesars or the palace or court of the German emperors; of the character of or befitting a palace; palatial.In quot. a1735: reminiscent of a palace in regard to luxury, etc. (cf. palatial adj.² 2).

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > dwelling of king or ruler > [adjective]

pretoir1485

palaestral?a1513

palaestrialc1550

palatine1598

palatiate1632

palatial?1722

palaceda1789

impalaced1845

palatian1845

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [adjective] > large or palatial

palatine1598

palacious1628

palatial?1722

1598 J. Stow Suruay of London 37 The Citie of London..hath in the East a very great & a most strong Palatine Tower.

1604 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. Palatine, belonging to a Princes Court, or pallace.

a1735 T. Hearne tr. Petrus Blesensis in A. Strickland Lives Queens Eng. (1842) I. 317 Your king..gave himself up to palatine idleness.

1778 T. Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry II. xviii. 448/1 Leland says, that he placed in the Palatine library of Henry the eighth the Commentarii in Matthæum of Claudius, Bede's disciple.

1820 J. Keats Lamia i, in Lamia & Other Poems 15 In Pluto's gardens palatine.

1859 J. H. Parker Some Acct. Domest. Archit. IV. vii. 372 The pure palatine nature of these is shewn in an excellent treatise abstracted by Pennant.

1886 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. & Hist. Fine Arts 2 296 Another mosaic..was placed in the baptistery built by St. Damasus (366–84), if we are to believe the palatine manuscript cited by Gruter.

1929 Travel Jan. 10/2 To his staff of Palatine guards, chamberlains, aids, stewards, majordomos, priests, secretaries and servants..he attached on a salary an old naturalist-monk.

1987 J. M. Robinson Cardinal Consalvi i. 21 The Palatine Cardinals..had the right by virtue of their offices to live in the papal palaces, the Quirinal, Lateran and Vatican.

B. n.¹

I. Senses relating to a person.

a. A ruler having palatine rights; a vassal exercising royal privileges within a province. Now historical.Occasionally as a title placed after a personal name.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > lord > [noun] > feudal lord > feudal overlord

palatine1560

lord paramount1579

paramount1616

suzerain1807

1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. lxxxvj Fridericke Palatyne, presydent of the counsell imperiall.

1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 2285/2 Letters..from the Pallatine of Vilna and the king of Poole,..offring them large curtesie. This puruision vnlooked for, greatly reuiued their heauy spirites.

c1587 Voy. Henry Austell in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1599) II. i. 197 At night to Tarnow, and that night wee mette with the Palatine Laski.

1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 73 Many other great princes..namely,..Henrie Palatine of Rhene,..with some others.

1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 402 Saros Patak, where the Palatine or Earle-marcher of that part of Hungaria, subject to Bethlen Gabor, usually keepes his residence.

1652 J. Wright tr. J.-P. Camus Nature's Paradox i. 3 Certain great Officers, named Castellains and Palatines, who are little Sovereign Lords, or Petty Kings, every one in his own Territorie.

1693 tr. J. Le Clerc Mem. Count Teckely i. 12 Francis Wesselini was then Palatine of the Kingdom [of Hungary].

1710 C. Whitworth Acct. Russia (1758) 32 Descended from their Waywodes, or Palatines.

1799 W. Godwin St. Leon IV. x. 209 His eye was fixed on a dispatch that day received from the great palatine of Hungary.

1803 J. Porter Thaddeus of Warsaw I. ii. 29 The palatine observed the heightening animation of his features.

1885 Encycl. Brit. XIX. 288/1 [In Poland] the duty of a palatine was to lead the troops of his palatinate on any military expedition, and to preside in the little diets or assemblies of the nobility of his province.

1929 C. Vesey tr. P. Wiegler William the First 44 He [sc. Prince Anton Radziwill] is the second son of Michael, Palatine of Wilna.

1986 P. L. Fermor Between Woods & Water (1988) iii. 80 He [sc. Archduke Joseph] had briefly been Palatine of the kingdom—a sort of regent, that is—until the victorious Allies dislodged him.

b. spec. In England and Ireland: a count or earl palatine; the ruler of a county palatine. Now historical and rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > Earl or Count Palatine

Count Palatine1482

earl palatinea1599

palatine1612

society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > for a count > Palsgrave or Count Palatine > Earl or Count Palatine

Count Palatine1482

palatine1612

1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 143 These absolute Palatines made Barons & Knights,..made their own Iudges,..so as the Kinges Writt did not run in those Counties.

1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 302 Divers men had prisons to their owne use, some as Palatines, others as Lords of Franchise, and others by power and usurpation.

1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. v. 322 The spiritual Palatine of Durham and the temporal Palatine of Chester stood alone in the possession of their extraordinary franchises.

1908 P. Vinogradoff Eng. Society in 11th Cent. i. ii. ii. 110 A Palatinate, which later on was distinguished by the extraordinary franchises of its holder, the Palatine of Chester.

c. In pre-Revolutionary America: the senior proprietor or lord proprietary of a palatinate, (frequently) spec. of the palatinate of Carolina. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > governor of province, dependency, or colony > governors by country > [noun] > in American colonies

President General1574

president1608

palatine1669

1669 J. Locke Constit. Carolina ii, in 33rd Rep. Deputy Keeper Public Rec. (1901) 258 The eldest of the lords proprietors shall be palatin, and upon y^e decease of y^e palatin y^e eldest of the seven surviving proprietors shall always succeed him.

1669 J. Locke Constit. Carolina xxvii, in 33rd Rep. Deputy Keeper Public Rec. (1901) 261 Y^e Palatin's Court, consisting of y^e Palatine and y^e other seaven proprietors.

1705 in N. Carolina Colonial Rec. (1886) I. 627 Mrs. Juliana Lakar assumes to be indebted unto his Excellency the palatine & the Lords Proprietrs.

1726 in B. R. Carroll Hist. Coll. S. Carolina (1836) II. 144 (The Governer) represented the Palatine, and the others the rest of the Lords Proprietors.

1809 D. Ramsay Hist. S. Carolina I. ii. 31 The eldest of the eight proprietors was always to be palatine, and at his decease was to be succeeded by the eldest of the seven survivors.

1857 F. L. Hawks Hist. N. Carolina II. vi. 505 An agent was sent to England to lay the remonstrances of the people before the lords proprietors. Granville, the palatine, of course received him coldly.

1903 in Mass. Col. Soc. Pub. (1906) 8 209 In Carolina the term palatine was for over half a century in use as the title of a person. Nowhere else in this country do we meet with that exact title.

1966 William & Mary Q. 23 33 The proprietary venture..was saved..by two other proprietors... The first of the two was the palatine of Carolina, the Earl of Craven.

2. An officer (originally the chamberlain or mayor) of a palace, esp. an imperial palace; a chief minister of an empire. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > holder of office > high officials of state > [noun] > palatine of empire

palatine1598

society > authority > office > holder of office > official of royal or great household > [noun] > chief > in imperial household

palatine1598

o-muraji1869

1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man iv. 302 Constantine the Great..caused this proclamation to be made: If there be any..that assureth himselfe he can truly..prooue any thing against any of my Iudges, Earles, friends or Pallatines,..let him come safely, and enforme me.

1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor 27 Publique Notaries are to bee made only by the Emperor, his Palatines, or such like.

1679 E. Everard Disc. Protestant Princes 28 The Election of a Palatine or Major of the Palace, who was the Consul and Head of the People.

1868 M. E. C. Walcott Sacred Archæol. 557 Their number was..divided into three classes: palatines, the immediate assistants of the bishop; stationaries..; and regionaries.

1983 J. A. Michener Poland xvi The minor nobility provided..castellan (governor of a palace and the territory subordinated to it); palatine (palace functionary); [etc.].

†a. A native or inhabitant of a palatinate. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > inhabitant of a district or parish > [noun]

parishen?c1225

parishioner1462

provinciala1475

hundreder1501

parochian1502

local1591

confiner1595

palatine1610

provincialist1656

shiremana1825

dozener-

1610 R. Davies Chesters Triumph Ded. sig. A2 We (poore Palatines) from our best hearts..object to thy deep Iudgements eye, The fruit..of rich Loues industrie.

b. spec. A native or inhabitant of the German Palatinate; esp. a refugee from this region who settled in North America (now historical).

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > exile > [noun] > refugee or stateless person > specific

palatine1708

palatinate1709

political refugee1798

reffo1941

war refugee1942

boat person1979

Marielito1980

1708 London Gaz. No. 4438/2 10000 Palatines are order'd to march towards the Moselle.

1709 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 23 The Pallatines lately receiv'd into this burrough.

1773 Hist. Brit. Dominions N. Amer. ii. i. 70 The British Colonies have received many emigrant Palatines and Saltzburghers from Germany.

1822 W. Irving Bracebridge Hall II. 225 He was one of nearly three thousand Palatines who came over from England in 1710.

1884 Cent. Mag. Jan. 439/2 Indian corn was exported [from South Carolina] after 1739, while wheat was produced by the German palatines in the interior.

1905 E. Channing Hist. U.S. II. xiv. 405 Five hundred or more of the Palatines emigrated to North Carolina, with a smaller band of Swiss immigrants.

1970 I. Origo Images & Shadows i. 15 The resettlement of some 3,000 German refugees (called ‘Palatines’) whose lands at home had been invaded by the French.

2002 Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch (Nexis) 13 Jan. 5 h Some sessions will discuss American Indians, people of Scottish ancestry and Palatines.

4. In plural. Ancient History. In the later Roman Empire: the troops of the imperial palace; the praetorians.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warriors collectively > lifeguard or bodyguard > [noun] > specific

praetorya1387

pretoira1393

Switzer1591

Scots Guard1602

palatines1623

Swiss guardc1660

yeomanry1673

immortal1803

household brigade1814

Varangian Guard1831

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > bones of mouth

os hyoides1578

palatines1623

palate bone1688

hyoid bone1763

tongue-bone1841

palatal bone1842

glossohyal1854

palatopterygoid1854

palatal1859

os hyoideum1869

mentomeckelian1871

postpalatal1871

hyoid1872

hyomandibular1873

interhyal1888

splanchnocranium1907

1623 W. Drummond Flowres of Sion 14 With Iubeling cries The all-triumphing Palladines of Skies Salute thy rising.

1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1846) IV. xli. 21 Belisarius was instructed..to compute the military force of palatines or borderers that might be sufficient for the defence of Africa.

1889 J. B. Bury Hist. Later Rom. Empire (1958) I. ii. 38 Most of the new military creations of the third and fourth centuries had names indicating their close relation to the autocrat, comitatenses, soldiers of the retinue; palatines, soldiers of the palace; domestics, soldiers of the household.

1969 Hist. & Theory 8 77 Constantine's distinction between the borderers, or frontier troops, and the palatines, or garrison troops, fatally undermined the military discipline of the Empire.

II. Senses relating to a place or region.

5. A territory under the jurisdiction of a ruler having palatine rights; a county palatine, a palatinate. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > jurisdiction or territory of specific rulers or nobles > [noun] > of count palatine

palatine1587

palatinate1649

1587 J. Hooker Chron. Ireland 142/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II He..vsed his authoritie to decide matters in and throughout the palantine of Kerrie.

c1600 J. Dymmok Treat. Ireland (1842) 18 This cuntry [sc. Kerry] was a Pallatyne to the Erle of Desmond, the lyberties and royalties whereof..caused him to grow insolent aboue measure.

1852 G. P. Putnam Hand-bk. Chronol. & Hist. (ed. 6) 458 Edward III. created the palatine of Lancaster, 1376.

1855 P. G. Hamerton Isles Loch Awe 287 Within the Palatine of Lancaster, The peasants from the hills do congregate To labour in the valleys.

1934 Contrib. Canad. Econ. 7 26 The first charter for Carolina, granting the rights, jurisdictions, and immunities of the Palatine of Durham.

1987 E. Pargeter Green Branch (BNC) 203 The rest, even Ranulf of Chester, still saw only their own palatines, and built at them and fought off encroachments on them feverishly.

1991 A. J. Pollard Richard III & Princes in Tower 96 Only two months earlier he had been granted a marcher palatine in the north-west.

6. With capital initial. The Palatine Hill in Rome; (also) the district of Rome built on the slopes of this hill.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill > [noun] > specific

tower hillc1480

Capitoline1549

Quirinal1569

palatine1656

Euganean1882

mogote1928

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Palatine,..may also be taken for the Hill Palatinus in Rome.

1800 J. Hoole tr. P. Metastasio Romulus & Hersilia iii. ii, in Dramas & Other Poems III. 353 A dreadful battle rages now between The Romans and the Ceninensian bands Behind the Palatine.

1818 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto IV Notes 214 The Roman Nemesis was sacred and august: there was a temple to her in the Palatine under the name of Rhamnusia.

1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands I. 229 Of the Circus Maximus we can still trace the shape, in the hollow between the Palatine and Aventine.

1877 J. Miller Baroness of N.Y. i. iii. 24 The twins, the shaggy she-wolf's teat, The Palentine, her heroes bold, In time shall be new tales new told.

1904 W. Dennison in H. A. Sanders Rom. Hist. Sources & Instit. 45 The surname Capitolinus would indicate residence on the Capitol, but the Montani were perhaps residents of the Palatine.

1960 A. Duggan Family Favourites ix. 182 We might all have been real Romans, born and bred on the Palatine; instead of a collection of queer foreigners from the most outlandish province of the Empire.

1996 L. Al-Hafidh et al. Europe: Rough Guide (ed. 3) II. xiv. 765 In the days of the Republic, the Palatine was the most desirable address in Rome.

III. Other uses.

†7. A kind of red precious stone (not identified); = palasin n. 2. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > other gems or precious stones > [noun]

hepatitec1305

ligurec1305

bdellium1382

chodchod1382

nevyn1393

asteritea1398

medusa1398

myrrhitea1398

astrion1398

emastycec14..

pinkardinec1400

iralc1420

oriel?a1425

serpentine1426

nakettec1450

pentestc1450

sun's gemc1475

sepulchre-stone1489

moonstonea1500

piantea1500

efestide1567

astroite1569

polyp stone1583

bedle1591

balanite1601

eshime1613

lyncury1638

asteria1646

pangony1658

palasin1678

palatine1678

rhombite1688

tree-stone1698

toad's eye1747

peacock stone1753

turquoise1796

odontolite1819

pagoda stone1860

tangiwai1863

fish-eye1882

1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Palatins or Palassins is a precious stone more red and fiery than the Carbuncle, so called because it is the Matrix, or Palace, where the Carbuncle or Ruby is begotten.

8. A woman's tippet or shoulder cape, usually of fur or lace (see also quot. 1984). Also palatine tippet. Now chiefly historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cloak, mantle, or cape > types of > small or short > tippet

tippet1481

palatine1686

victorine1848

gun-case1895

1686 London Gaz. No. 2132/4 Lost.., a black laced Palatin with Diamond Tags upon black Ribon.

1692 J. Smith Scarronnides 63 With top-knots fine, to make 'em pretty, With tippet, pallateen and settee.

1713 Countess of Winchilsea Misc. Poems 107 These [sc. young owls] wear no Palatines, nor Muffs, Italian Silks, or Doyley Stuffs, But motley Callicoes, and Ruffs.

1745 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 54/1 An ordinance has been published at Copenhagen..prohibiting the wear of all ribbons, palatines, womens handkerchiefs, &c...imported from abroad.

1835 Court Mag. 6 p. vi/1 A sable palatine tippet..should be worn with this dress for the promenade.

1880 L. B. Walford Troublesome Daughters II. xvi. 72 Had not Mademoiselle..permitted Bertha to accompany her and Fräulein Lebrunn to purchase their new muffs and palatines?

1970 Costume No. 4. 40/2 It is believed the Palatine was introduced by Princess Charlotte Elizabeth, better known as Liselotte von der Pfalz.

1984 J. Nunn Fashion in Costume 93 Small shoulder capes of fine lace or silk worn by women during the early-mid 18th century..are called pallatines by some authorities, but this is really the name for a sable shoulder wrap in the 19th century.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	palatine
释义	palatineadj.¹n.¹ Brit. /ˈpalətʌɪn/, U.S. /ˈpæləˌtaɪn/ Forms: late Middle English palatyn, late Middle English palentyne, late Middle English palyntyne, late Middle English–1600s palantyne, late Middle English–1600s palatyne, 1500s pallentine, 1500s pallentyne, 1500s–1600s palantine, 1500s–1600s pallantyne, 1500s–1600s pallatyne, 1500s–1700s palatin, 1500s–1700s pallatine, 1500s– palatine, 1600s paladine, 1600s palaintine, 1600s palladine, 1600s pallateen, 1600s pallatin, 1600s pallettine, 1600s (1800s archaic) palentine; Scottish pre-1700 palentyne, pre-1700 pallentyne, pre-1700 1700s– palatine, 1800s palantine. Also with capital initial. N.E.D.(1904) also records a form late Middle English palyntyne. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French palatin; Latin Palātīnus. Etymology: < Middle French palatin (1256 in Old French as adjective in conte palatin (see below), 1306 as noun, first attested in the corresponding feminine form (compare palatiness n.)) and its etymon classical Latin Palātīnus (adjective) of or relating to the Palatine Hill in Rome, of or relating to the Emperor, imperial, in post-classical Latin also with reference to the imperial troops (4th cent.: see sense B. 4), (noun) inhabitant of the Palatine Hill, in post-classical Latin also officer of the palace, chamberlain (6th cent.), count palatine (early 11th cent.) < Palātium palace n.¹ + -īnus -ine suffix¹. Compare Spanish palatino (1280), Italian palatino (1490–1513). Compare paladin n. With use as noun compare slightly earlier palatiness n.With county palatine (see sense A. 1) compare post-classical Latin comitatus palatinus (1297, 1414, 1542 in British sources). With count palatine (see sense A. 2) compare post-classical Latin comes palatinus (9th cent.; from c1135 in British sources), Consul Palatinus (a1142 in a British source), Old French, Middle French, French comte palatin (1256 as conte palatin ). The term was applied especially in the Middle Ages to the rulers of Hungary, the great lords of Poland and Lithuania, Counts Palatine of Germany, Burgundy, etc. (compare sense B. 1a). Post-classical Latin palatinus is widely attested in Hungarian, Polish, Dutch and German sources, denoting a count palatine or other ruler (from the 10th cent.; frequently from the 12th cent.). In sense B. 8 after French palatine (1680; so called after Elisabeth-Charlotte of Bavaria, Princess Palatine (1652–1722), wife of Philippe, Duc d'Orléans). With forms in -nt- compare post-classical Latin palentinus (a1408 in a British source), Old French palantien (13th cent.) and the early Germanic forms of words for ‘palace’ listed s.v. palsgrave n. Attested earlier as a surname (John Paladyn (1362)), apparently in sense ‘(officer) of the palace’ (compare senses A. 6, B. 4), although it is uncertain whether this should be interpreted as reflecting a Middle English or an Anglo-Norman word. Compare paladin n. Compare also earlier use of the Latin word (in sense A. 5) in an English context: ▸ a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 211 Remus and Romulus bulde Rome in þe hul Palatinus. N.E.D. (1904) also gives the pronunciation of the final syllable as (-in) /-ɪn/. A. adj.¹ I. Senses relating to a ruler or official having royal privileges and authority. 1. Originally: designating a county or other territory in England (and later in Ireland and other countries) of which the earl or lord originally had royal privileges, with the right of exclusive civil and criminal jurisdiction within that territory (now historical). Later: designating a modern administrative area corresponding to this. Usually as postmodifier, esp. in county palatine.Some of the former English counties palatine, especially Cheshire, Durham, and Lancashire, continue to be referred to as such on occasion despite no longer having any distinctive judicial status. The word is also occasionally applied to the German Palatinate. palatine earldom n. now historical the territory or dominion of an earl palatine. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > [noun] > aggregate of sovereign states under one rule > the Holy Roman or German Empire > palatinate palatinate1577 county palatine1620 Pfalzgraviate1762 society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > jurisdiction or territory of specific rulers or nobles > [noun] > of count palatine > in England or Ireland palatinate1614 palatine earldom1874 1436 Rolls of Parl. IV. 497/2 The Justices of oure saide Soveraigne Lorde of his Countee Palentyne. 1450 in Archaeologia (1900) 57 75 (MED) All the Clergy, Barons, Knyghtes, Squiers, & all the cominaltee of your comite palatyne of Chestre. 1491–2 Rolls of Parl.: Henry VII (Electronic ed.) Parl. Oct. 1491 §23. m. 9 Where the countie of Lancastre is and of long tyme hath byn a countie palyntyne. 1535–6 Act 27 Hen. VIII c. 24 §2 In all Shires, Counties, Counties Palantyne and other Places of this Realme. 1555 J. Wilkinson tr. L. de Avila y Cuñiga Comm. Wars in Germany sig. K.viii^v At this time the Countey Palatine began to treate as a man repented, because he had shewed himselfe against hys maiestie. 1591 in F. J. Furnivall Child-marriages, Divorces, & Ratifications Diocese Chester (1897) 150 John Milner, Bailiff Itinerant of this Countie Palantine of Chester. 1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 138 There were fiue County Palatines erected in Leinster. 1620 F. Bacon Draught of Proclam. in Wks. (1879) II. 118/2 Neither can we think it safe for us..that the county Palatine carrying with itself an electorate..should now become at the disposing of that house [of Austria]. 1641 Termes de la Ley (at cited word) Of these Counties there are foure more remarkeable than others, called County Palatines, as the County Palatine of Lancaster, of Chester, of Durham, and of Ely, An. 5. El. c. 23, there was also the County Palatine of Hexam, An. 33. H. 8. c. 10. 1703 Act 1 Anne Stat. i. c. 7 §5 Under the..seals of the duchy and county palatine of Lancaster. 1754 J. Lodge Peerage of Ireland II. 43 The Parliament of this Kingdom, 26th June 1716, passed an Act, extinguishing the Regalities and Liberties of the County Palatine of Tipperary. 1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. II. xviii. 708 The franchise of a county palatine gave a right of exclusive civil and criminal jurisdiction. 1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. I. xi. §124. 363 (note) The first creation of a palatine earldom under that name is that of Lancaster in 1351. 1900 Dict. National Biogr. LXI. 373/2 It included the castle and lordship of Pembroke, possession of which gave her a sort of claim to the palatine earldom, whose regalian rights she was thus enabled to exercise. 1960 J. Barth Sot-weed Factor i. x. 92 To distinguish her above all other regions in the territory, Maryland was named a Province, a county palatine. 2002 Lawyer (Nexis) 10 June 3 Mr Justice Lloyd..has been made Vice Chancellor of the County Palatine of Lancaster. 2. Designating a ruler, official, or feudal lord who exercises the sovereign's authority in certain matters, or who has jurisdiction within a given territory of a type which elsewhere belongs to the sovereign alone. Usually as postmodifier. Now historical. a. Count Palatine n. (a) any of several counts in the German Empire, each having supreme jurisdiction within his own territory; (b) a count (see count n.² 2) of the imperial palace in the later Roman Empire, having supreme judicial authority in the imperial court; (c) (with lower-case initials) = earl palatine n. at sense A. 2e.With reference to the German Empire, it also occurs (sometimes more fully as Count Palatine of the Rhine) as an alternative name for the Pfalzgraf (cf. palsgrave n.) or Elector Palatine.The title of Count Palatine of the Lateran has also been conferred at various times, both by the papacy and under the Holy Roman Empire.In England count palatine was sometimes used in the 17th cent. in preference to earl palatine. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > Palsgrave or Count Palatine Count Palatine1482 palsgrave1539 society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > Earl or Count Palatine Count Palatine1482 earl palatinea1599 palatine1612 society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > for a count > Palsgrave or Count Palatine Count Palatine1482 society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > other independent rulers > [noun] > German elector > specific elector Count Palatine1482 palsgrave1539 prince palatine1576 Elector Palatine1579 Pfalzgraf1611 society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > for a count > Palsgrave or Count Palatine > Earl or Count Palatine Count Palatine1482 palatine1612 1482 W. Caxton in tr. Higden's Prolicionycion viii. viii. f. ccclxxxxviij^v This Robertus duk of bayer and Counte Palatyn on the Ryn..was crowned. a1525 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I. 308/5 The castell pallentyne within the ryver of the Ryne, of quhilk cownt palentyne takis his stile. 1564 in R. Renwick Abstr. Protocols Town Clerks Glasgow (1897) V. 9 His instrument..berand him to be creat notar be Maister William Salmond, count palatine [of the Lateran]. 1590 W. Segar Bk. Honor & Armes iv. 56 An Earle or Count was a Iudge or Commander in Peace, and of them in the auncient Emperours seruice were diuers, as the Countes Palatine, were as stewards of the Emperours house, of his Court, or Stable. 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice i. ii. 57 Why hee hath..a better bad habite of frowning then the Count Palentine. 1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion viii. 181 For the Name of Palatine, know, that in ancient time vnder the Emperours of declining Rome, the title of Count Palatine was; but so, that it extended first only to him which had care of the Houshold and Imperiall reuenew. 1612 J. Selden in M. Drayton Poly-olbion xi. Illustr. 181 William the Conqueror, first created one Hugh Wolfe a Norman, Count Palatine of Chester. 1661 S. Morgan Sphere of Gentry iv. vi. 82 The Count Palatine was created..Arch Treasurer of the Empire. 1819 Ld. Byron Mazeppa viii. 343 An angry man, ye may opine, Was he, the proud Count Palatine. 1840 Penny Cycl. XVII. 56 The archbishop of York, previously to the reign of Elizabeth, claimed to be a count palatine within his possession of Hexham and Hexhamshire. 1899 Eng. Hist. Rev. 14 352 In the double capacity of duke of Lucca and count palatine of the Lateran, he assisted at the coronation [of Louis IV]. 1959 E. H. Wilkins Petrarch's Later Years xxxii. 245 In 1356, on the occasion of Petrarch's mission to Prague, Charles IV had made him a Count Palatine. 1993 J. Sayers Innocent III (BNC) 51 The Cologne assembly..denied the validity of his election, saying that..the count Palatine and the archbishop of Mainz had been absent. 1995 A. D. M. Barrell Papacy, Scotl. & Northern Eng. (2002) v. 190 The king forbade Neville to make his visitation of Durham.., on the grounds that this would threaten the bishop's status as count palatine. 2003 R. G. Musto Apocalypse in Rome xi. 247 The marshal was insulted by the count of Vico and his brother; and thereupon the tribune had cited the count palatine..the brother of the aforesaid men, who was at that time collecting forces to go to Apulia. b. prince palatine n. = Count Palatine n. (a) at sense A. 2a. Also occasionally = earl palatine n. at sense A. 2e.Frederick V of Bohemia (1596–1632), Elector Palatine, who in 1613 married Elizabeth, daughter of James I and Anne of Denmark, was also sometimes called Prince Palatine, as was his son Rupert (1619–82). ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > other independent rulers > [noun] > German elector > specific elector Count Palatine1482 palsgrave1539 prince palatine1576 Elector Palatine1579 Pfalzgraf1611 1576 G. Baker tr. C. Gesner Newe Jewell of Health i. v. f.10^v As I the lyke..haue experienced in my selfe, to the perill of my health, at the Bathes of Oenosponte, where I abode a certayne season with the Noble Prince Palatine. 1614 in E. Arber Transcript Reg. Company of Stationers 1554–1640 (1876) III. 559 The auspiciall gouerment of Frederick the Prince Palatine. ?c1663 B. Whitelocke Diary (1990) 334 They talked much of the Q[ueens] design to..resign the Crown to her Cousen the P[rince] Palatine. 1702 J. Savage Antient & Present State Germany 54 The Duke of Newburg, the Duke of Biponts, and the Prince Palatine of Weldentz, have each of 'em one [sc. voice]. 1795 H. Skrine Three Successive Tours North of Eng., & Great Part Scotl. viii. 81 Within there are several fine rooms, and a spacious hall after the college fashion, with several of the arms and trophies of a prince palatine suspended. 1807 W. Coxe Hist. House of Austria II. xlv. 736 As the means of uniting their interests, a marriage was arranged between the prince Palatine and the daughter of the elector of Brandenburgh. 1884 W. Besant Dorothy Forster I. viii. 235 As Lord Bishop of Durham, he enjoyed the revenues and the powers of a Prince Palatine, with six splendid castles, including Durham, Auckland, and Norham. 1929 ‘S. N. D.’ Sir W. Howard, Visct. Stafford iv. 48 His Electoral Illustriousness, the Prince Palatine of the Rhine. 1997 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Va.) (Nexis) 26 May b3 She was soon known as ‘The Queen of Hearts’ for her sweetness of disposition and wit. On Dec. 27, 1612, she was betrothed to Frederick, Prince Palatine. c. Elector Palatine n. = Count Palatine n. (a) at sense A. 2a. See elector n. 3. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > sovereign ruler or monarch > other independent rulers > [noun] > German elector > specific elector Count Palatine1482 palsgrave1539 prince palatine1576 Elector Palatine1579 Pfalzgraf1611 1579 tr. Ld. Buterich in tr. J. Casimir Certaine Orations sig. Bx^v Concerning the former dets dewe vnto bothe my Lord the Elector Palatine, next to my aforesaid Lord the Duke Iohn Cassimire. c1580 F. Bacon State Europe in Wks. (1879) I. 367/1 The elector palatine Ludovic, a Lutheran; his chief abode is at Heidelberg. 1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 17 Wee entred a Countrey belonging to that Elector Palatine of the Rheine, which Elector is called vulgarly the Phaltz-graue. 1753 Scots Mag. 15 27/1 There is a dispute..between the Elector Palatine, and the Elector of Bavaria, about one of these Vicariatships. 1783 W. Thomson in R. Watson & W. Thomson Hist. Reign Philip III vi. 427 Frederick elector palatine, a prince young, high-spirited, and in power not inferior to any of the protestants. 1800 Monthly Mag. Sept. 229/1 To meet to celebrate the admission of an Elector Palatine, who has besides much merit, to a learned Society, is not a circumstance from which any inconvenience can result. 1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 101 The resident of the Elector Palatine..fitted up a chapel in Lime Street. 1927 E. Welsford Court Masque vii. 191 In 1613 the marriage of the Elector Palatine with the Princess Elizabeth was the cause of protracted rejoicings. 2009 Western Morning News (Nexis) 24 Jan. 22 It was made by the Frankenthal porcelain factory..under the careful gaze and protection of Elector Palatine Carl Theodor. d. countess palatine n. the wife or widow of a count palatine. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > Earl or Count Palatine > Countess Palatine palatiness1559 countess palatine1583 princess palatine1613 palsgravine1826 1583 tr. Treaty in T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries iv. f. 5 The right honorable Ladie, now wife to the right noble Count Palatine of the Rhine, Elector..the saied Countesse Palatine, or any other that taketh her cause in hand, maie haue lawe and Iustice. 1618 P. Holderus tr. J. van Oldenbarneveld Barneuel's Apol. sig. Div The Electoresse, and Countesse Palatine. 1845 Hull Packet & E. Riding Times 18 July 6/2 Both offices are in the gift of the Crown..the latter in right of the more recently acquired title of Countess Palatine of Durham. 1856 W. Whellan Hist. Durham 103 Little variation occurred..until the year 1830, when..the regal powers vested in the Bishop of Durham were transferred to the sovereign..and hence her Majesty the Queen is now Countess Palatine of Durham. 1900 G. T. Lapsley County Pal. Durham 2 To-day the queen-empress is also countess palatine of Durham. 1936 Times 11 Dec. 17/2 Sir John's son married Elizabeth, daughter of the Countess Palatine of Strathearn, King Robert's granddaughter. 2012 Sun Herald (Sydney) (Nexis) 8 Jan. s2 She was sane and knew what mattered in life and it wasn't her hereditary title of ‘Countess Palatine of the Rhines’; it was love, the love we shared. e. earl palatine n. (also lord palatine) the earl or lord of a county palatine.In later use chiefly applied to the Earl of Chester, and Duke of Lancaster, dignities which are attached to the crown. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > Earl or Count Palatine Count Palatine1482 earl palatinea1599 palatine1612 1533 Fabyans Cronycle (new ed.) I. v. cxxxii. f. lxix Y^e kyng made his son Sigebert as kynge & ruler of that lordshyp of Austracy, assygnynge to hym the bisshop of Colayn named Cunbert, and the erle Palatyne named Agasyle, to be hys tutours.] a1599 E. Spenser View State Ireland 21 in J. Ware Two Hist. Ireland (1633) A Palsgrave, named an Earle Palatine. 1623 W. Traheron & E. Grimeston tr. P. Mexia Imperiall Hist. 839 Presently the Archbishop of Iauerin, the Lord Palatine Tvrso, with many other Noblemen Hungarians, receiued it with great honour.] 1640 J. Yorke Union of Honour 106 Randolph, surnamed Blundevile..the sixth Earle Palatine of Chester. 1648 R. Evelin Let. in B. Plantagenet Descr. New Albion 21 If my Lord Palatine will bring with him three hundred men or more there is no doubt but that he may doe very well and grow rich. 1762 tr. J. Davies Rep. Cases Law Ireland 172 As every earl palatine in England had such royal jurisdiction, and such royal seignory, as appears by the authorities before put, so every earl palatine in Ireland had the same authorities, as appears by several records of this realm. 1786 C. Vallancey Collectanea de Rebus Hibern. III. 410 The ruins of a castle built in the reign of King John, by Richard de St. Michael, created Baron of Rheban by Marshal earl of Pembroke, lord palatine of Leinster. 1834 Court Mag. & Belle Assemblée Apr. 153/1 He would there, as chief harper to the earl palatine, be heard, not only by the Anglo-Hibernian lords of the pale, but by the Irish princes of the still unconquered districts of Ulster. 1849 Jrnl. Brit. Archaeol. Assoc. Oct. 200 The baron was a member of the high court of jurisdiction of his lord, whether of the king or the lord palatine, and was bound to attend if summoned, and might attend whether summoned or not. 1900 Glasgow Herald 28 July 7/6 The first Earl of Menteith..was son of Euphemia, sole heiress of Prince David, Earl Palatine of Strathern, the first son to King Robert II. 1931 Times 30 Mar. 8/5 Here in Durham treasure trove was the property of the Bishop as Lord Palatine until, by the Act of June 21, 1836, this, with other rights, was vested in the crown. 2008 G. D. Liddy Bishopric of Durham iii. 104 Edward III resurrected, in 1376, the distinctive title ‘earl palatine’, a noble title which had first been used in relation to Bishop Antony Bek in early 1293, but which had since fallen into disue. f. princess palatine n. the wife, widow, or daughter of a count palatine. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > Earl or Count Palatine > Countess Palatine palatiness1559 countess palatine1583 princess palatine1613 palsgravine1826 1613 R. Allyne Teares of Joy sig. B2^v (title) To Elizabeth Princesse Palatine of Rhine, Dutches of Bavaria. 1684 Scanderbeg Redivivus iii. 31 The Daughter of the Princess Pallatine. 1738 S. Whatley tr. K. L. von Pöllnitz Mem. III. 8 His first appearance at Court was in the time of Frederic-William the Great, in the retinue of the Princess Palatine de Simmeren, Sister of the first Electoress. 1791 Crit. Rev. Nov. 345 This marriage seems confirmed by the letters of the princess Palatine, duchess of Orleans. 1808 Monthly Mag. Suppl. No., 30 Jan. 645/2 In 1665, he married the Duke d'Enghien to the Princess Palatine, Anne of Bavaria, on which he repaired to Chantilly, and spent his life tranquilly. 1877 Northern Echo 6 Sept. 3/5 Prince Bismark, who repeated what the Princess Palatine said of her son, the Duke of Orleans, not believing in God, but being terribly afraid of the Devil. 1957 M. B. Picken Fashion Dict. 52/1 Palatine, small shoulder cape or tippet of lace or fur, introduced into France in 1676 by the Princess Palatine. 2000 V. J. Pitts La Grande Mademoiselle at Court of France iii. 70 The Princess Palatine and Madame de Choisy arranged an ‘accidental’ meeting with Mademoiselle in the gardens of the Tuileries to reopen the topic. 3. Of or relating to the Elector Palatine of Germany (see sense A. 2), the German Palatinate, or the people of this territory.In quot. a1525, perhaps the name of the castle. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Germanic region > [adjective] > German palatinate palatinea1525 society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > [adjective] > of or relating to an empire > of part of Holy Roman Empire easteOE palatinea1525 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > exile > [adjective] > refugee or stateless > specific palatine1866 a1525 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1923) I. 308/5 The castell pallentyne within the ryver of the Ryne. 1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Nn4 The Palatine Librarie..in Heidelberg. 1644 in D. Neal Hist. Purit. (1736) III. 222 His Grace has forgot his refusing to licence the Palatine Confession of Faith. 1695 London Gaz. No. 3139/3 The Palatin Troops are returned from the Upper Rhine. 1710 R. Hunter in Documents Colonial Hist. N.-Y. (1855) V. 165 We want still three of the Palatin Ships and those arrived are in a deplorable sickly condition. a1754 T. Carte Gen. Hist. Eng. (1755) IV. 1 The Palatine alliance flattered James with the expectation of acquiring a mighty interest in Germany. 1769 Ann. Reg. 1768 64/1 The elector..instituted a new order of knighthood, entitled the order of the Palatine-lion. 1866 Atlantic Monthly Dec. 721/1 At the corner of Rector Street was the old Lutheran church frequented by the Palatine refugees. 1888 Dict. National Biogr. XIII. 48/1 To the former she [sc. Elizabeth, queen of Bohemia] had bequeathed her papers, together with her unique collection of Stuart and palatine family portraits. 1961 W. Brandon Indians 216/1 Swiss and Palatine colonists were settled on the land just before the Tuscarora uprising. 1993 T. Harris Politics under Stuarts (BNC) 184 The parish of Sundridge in Kent grudgingly decided to accept two Palatine families, up to a maximum of ten people. 4. Of, belonging to, or under the jurisdiction of a count or earl palatine, or to a county palatine. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [adjective] > of earl or count palatine or palatinate palatine1639 1639 Laws Maryland in Arch. Maryland (1883) I. 48 The Lord Proprietarie shall he allowed all..the like prerogatives and Royall Rights as are usually or of right due or belonging to a Court Pallatine. 1761 D. Hume Hist. Eng. II. xxxv. 281 The regalities of the see, which included the jurisdiction of a court palatine, were given by the king to Northumberland. 1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. i. 7 In a few counties there still remained a palatine jurisdiction, exclusive of the king's courts. 1874 W. Stubbs Constit. Hist. I. xi. §124. 364 He [sc. Roger Montgomery] also may have possessed palatine rights. 1903 G. Gilbert Cathedral Cities Eng. 139 At one time Chester was a palatine city, enjoying all the privileges peculiar to that dignity. 1989 C. Morris Papal Monarchy (1991) xvi. 396 In England the bishop of Durham held ‘palatine’ powers. II. Senses relating to imperial palaces. 5. With capital initial. Relating to or designating the hill in Rome on which the city was traditionally founded. Chiefly in Palatine Hill (formerly also Mount Palatine; classical Latin Mōns Palātīnus). ΚΠ 1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. i. iii. 22 Sic thingis done, he garnist mont palentyne, quhare he was nurist, with strang mvnitioun. 1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. i. v. 5 Even in those daies..was the feastivall pastime Lupercal, used in mount Palatine [L. in Palatio monte]. 1607 Trag. Claudius Tiberius Nero sig. L^v Poast poast, away some to the Capitoll, Some to port Esquiline, mount Pallatine. 1614 T. Godwin Romanæ Historiæ Anthologia ii. ii. xvi. 49 The former 12 being called Salij Palatini, from the Palatine mount, where they did beginne their mauriske. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 201 The side of the Palatine mountain that faces it. 1767 J. Hoole Titus i. v, in Dramas & Other Poems (1800) I. 236 On the side is a distant prospect of the Palatine-hill, and a great part of the sacred way. 1846 H. W. Herbert Roman Traitor I. v. 64 Skirting the base of the Palatine hill, they passed the old circular temple of Remus to the right hand. 1893 R. Lanciani Pagan & Christian Rome ii. 70 This name [sc. Roma Quadrata] has been much discussed, and it has even been applied to the Palatine city itself. 1913 W. W. Fowler in J. E. Sandys Compan. Lat. Stud. (ed. 2) 158 Certain quaint and primitive rites of this kind in use at the Lupercalia and the Parilia, which survive from the oldest Palatine settlement. 1981 Washington Post (Nexis) 18 Apr. a11 The pope..carried a light wooden cross in a Way of the Cross procession from the ancient Colosseum and up the Palatine hill in central Rome. 6. Of or belonging to a palace, esp. the imperial palace of the Caesars or the palace or court of the German emperors; of the character of or befitting a palace; palatial.In quot. a1735: reminiscent of a palace in regard to luxury, etc. (cf. palatial adj.² 2). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > dwelling of king or ruler > [adjective] pretoir1485 palaestral?a1513 palaestrialc1550 palatine1598 palatiate1632 palatial?1722 palaceda1789 impalaced1845 palatian1845 society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > dwelling place or abode > a dwelling > a house > types of house > [adjective] > large or palatial palatine1598 palacious1628 palatial?1722 1598 J. Stow Suruay of London 37 The Citie of London..hath in the East a very great & a most strong Palatine Tower. 1604 R. Cawdrey Table Alphabet. Palatine, belonging to a Princes Court, or pallace. a1735 T. Hearne tr. Petrus Blesensis in A. Strickland Lives Queens Eng. (1842) I. 317 Your king..gave himself up to palatine idleness. 1778 T. Warton Hist. Eng. Poetry II. xviii. 448/1 Leland says, that he placed in the Palatine library of Henry the eighth the Commentarii in Matthæum of Claudius, Bede's disciple. 1820 J. Keats Lamia i, in Lamia & Other Poems 15 In Pluto's gardens palatine. 1859 J. H. Parker Some Acct. Domest. Archit. IV. vii. 372 The pure palatine nature of these is shewn in an excellent treatise abstracted by Pennant. 1886 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. & Hist. Fine Arts 2 296 Another mosaic..was placed in the baptistery built by St. Damasus (366–84), if we are to believe the palatine manuscript cited by Gruter. 1929 Travel Jan. 10/2 To his staff of Palatine guards, chamberlains, aids, stewards, majordomos, priests, secretaries and servants..he attached on a salary an old naturalist-monk. 1987 J. M. Robinson Cardinal Consalvi i. 21 The Palatine Cardinals..had the right by virtue of their offices to live in the papal palaces, the Quirinal, Lateran and Vatican. B. n.¹ I. Senses relating to a person. 1. a. A ruler having palatine rights; a vassal exercising royal privileges within a province. Now historical.Occasionally as a title placed after a personal name. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > lord > [noun] > feudal lord > feudal overlord palatine1560 lord paramount1579 paramount1616 suzerain1807 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. lxxxvj Fridericke Palatyne, presydent of the counsell imperiall. 1570 J. Foxe Actes & Monumentes (rev. ed.) II. 2285/2 Letters..from the Pallatine of Vilna and the king of Poole,..offring them large curtesie. This puruision vnlooked for, greatly reuiued their heauy spirites. c1587 Voy. Henry Austell in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1599) II. i. 197 At night to Tarnow, and that night wee mette with the Palatine Laski. 1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 73 Many other great princes..namely,..Henrie Palatine of Rhene,..with some others. 1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 402 Saros Patak, where the Palatine or Earle-marcher of that part of Hungaria, subject to Bethlen Gabor, usually keepes his residence. 1652 J. Wright tr. J.-P. Camus Nature's Paradox i. 3 Certain great Officers, named Castellains and Palatines, who are little Sovereign Lords, or Petty Kings, every one in his own Territorie. 1693 tr. J. Le Clerc Mem. Count Teckely i. 12 Francis Wesselini was then Palatine of the Kingdom [of Hungary]. 1710 C. Whitworth Acct. Russia (1758) 32 Descended from their Waywodes, or Palatines. 1799 W. Godwin St. Leon IV. x. 209 His eye was fixed on a dispatch that day received from the great palatine of Hungary. 1803 J. Porter Thaddeus of Warsaw I. ii. 29 The palatine observed the heightening animation of his features. 1885 Encycl. Brit. XIX. 288/1 [In Poland] the duty of a palatine was to lead the troops of his palatinate on any military expedition, and to preside in the little diets or assemblies of the nobility of his province. 1929 C. Vesey tr. P. Wiegler William the First 44 He [sc. Prince Anton Radziwill] is the second son of Michael, Palatine of Wilna. 1986 P. L. Fermor Between Woods & Water (1988) iii. 80 He [sc. Archduke Joseph] had briefly been Palatine of the kingdom—a sort of regent, that is—until the victorious Allies dislodged him. b. spec. In England and Ireland: a count or earl palatine; the ruler of a county palatine. Now historical and rare. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > nobility > rank > earl, count, or countess > [noun] > Earl or Count Palatine Count Palatine1482 earl palatinea1599 palatine1612 society > society and the community > social class > nobility > title > title or form of address for persons of rank > [noun] > for a count > Palsgrave or Count Palatine > Earl or Count Palatine Count Palatine1482 palatine1612 1612 J. Davies Discouerie Causes Ireland 143 These absolute Palatines made Barons & Knights,..made their own Iudges,..so as the Kinges Writt did not run in those Counties. 1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 302 Divers men had prisons to their owne use, some as Palatines, others as Lords of Franchise, and others by power and usurpation. 1867 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest I. v. 322 The spiritual Palatine of Durham and the temporal Palatine of Chester stood alone in the possession of their extraordinary franchises. 1908 P. Vinogradoff Eng. Society in 11th Cent. i. ii. ii. 110 A Palatinate, which later on was distinguished by the extraordinary franchises of its holder, the Palatine of Chester. c. In pre-Revolutionary America: the senior proprietor or lord proprietary of a palatinate, (frequently) spec. of the palatinate of Carolina. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > governor of province, dependency, or colony > governors by country > [noun] > in American colonies President General1574 president1608 palatine1669 1669 J. Locke Constit. Carolina ii, in 33rd Rep. Deputy Keeper Public Rec. (1901) 258 The eldest of the lords proprietors shall be palatin, and upon y^e decease of y^e palatin y^e eldest of the seven surviving proprietors shall always succeed him. 1669 J. Locke Constit. Carolina xxvii, in 33rd Rep. Deputy Keeper Public Rec. (1901) 261 Y^e Palatin's Court, consisting of y^e Palatine and y^e other seaven proprietors. 1705 in N. Carolina Colonial Rec. (1886) I. 627 Mrs. Juliana Lakar assumes to be indebted unto his Excellency the palatine & the Lords Proprietrs. 1726 in B. R. Carroll Hist. Coll. S. Carolina (1836) II. 144 (The Governer) represented the Palatine, and the others the rest of the Lords Proprietors. 1809 D. Ramsay Hist. S. Carolina I. ii. 31 The eldest of the eight proprietors was always to be palatine, and at his decease was to be succeeded by the eldest of the seven survivors. 1857 F. L. Hawks Hist. N. Carolina II. vi. 505 An agent was sent to England to lay the remonstrances of the people before the lords proprietors. Granville, the palatine, of course received him coldly. 1903 in Mass. Col. Soc. Pub. (1906) 8 209 In Carolina the term palatine was for over half a century in use as the title of a person. Nowhere else in this country do we meet with that exact title. 1966 William & Mary Q. 23 33 The proprietary venture..was saved..by two other proprietors... The first of the two was the palatine of Carolina, the Earl of Craven. 2. An officer (originally the chamberlain or mayor) of a palace, esp. an imperial palace; a chief minister of an empire. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > holder of office > high officials of state > [noun] > palatine of empire palatine1598 society > authority > office > holder of office > official of royal or great household > [noun] > chief > in imperial household palatine1598 o-muraji1869 1598 R. Barckley Disc. Felicitie of Man iv. 302 Constantine the Great..caused this proclamation to be made: If there be any..that assureth himselfe he can truly..prooue any thing against any of my Iudges, Earles, friends or Pallatines,..let him come safely, and enforme me. 1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor 27 Publique Notaries are to bee made only by the Emperor, his Palatines, or such like. 1679 E. Everard Disc. Protestant Princes 28 The Election of a Palatine or Major of the Palace, who was the Consul and Head of the People. 1868 M. E. C. Walcott Sacred Archæol. 557 Their number was..divided into three classes: palatines, the immediate assistants of the bishop; stationaries..; and regionaries. 1983 J. A. Michener Poland xvi The minor nobility provided..castellan (governor of a palace and the territory subordinated to it); palatine (palace functionary); [etc.]. 3. †a. A native or inhabitant of a palatinate. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > inhabitant of a district or parish > [noun] parishen?c1225 parishioner1462 provinciala1475 hundreder1501 parochian1502 local1591 confiner1595 palatine1610 provincialist1656 shiremana1825 dozener- 1610 R. Davies Chesters Triumph Ded. sig. A2 We (poore Palatines) from our best hearts..object to thy deep Iudgements eye, The fruit..of rich Loues industrie. b. spec. A native or inhabitant of the German Palatinate; esp. a refugee from this region who settled in North America (now historical). ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > exile > [noun] > refugee or stateless person > specific palatine1708 palatinate1709 political refugee1798 reffo1941 war refugee1942 boat person1979 Marielito1980 1708 London Gaz. No. 4438/2 10000 Palatines are order'd to march towards the Moselle. 1709 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 23 The Pallatines lately receiv'd into this burrough. 1773 Hist. Brit. Dominions N. Amer. ii. i. 70 The British Colonies have received many emigrant Palatines and Saltzburghers from Germany. 1822 W. Irving Bracebridge Hall II. 225 He was one of nearly three thousand Palatines who came over from England in 1710. 1884 Cent. Mag. Jan. 439/2 Indian corn was exported [from South Carolina] after 1739, while wheat was produced by the German palatines in the interior. 1905 E. Channing Hist. U.S. II. xiv. 405 Five hundred or more of the Palatines emigrated to North Carolina, with a smaller band of Swiss immigrants. 1970 I. Origo Images & Shadows i. 15 The resettlement of some 3,000 German refugees (called ‘Palatines’) whose lands at home had been invaded by the French. 2002 Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch (Nexis) 13 Jan. 5 h Some sessions will discuss American Indians, people of Scottish ancestry and Palatines. 4. In plural. Ancient History. In the later Roman Empire: the troops of the imperial palace; the praetorians. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warriors collectively > lifeguard or bodyguard > [noun] > specific praetorya1387 pretoira1393 Switzer1591 Scots Guard1602 palatines1623 Swiss guardc1660 yeomanry1673 immortal1803 household brigade1814 Varangian Guard1831 the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > bones of mouth os hyoides1578 palatines1623 palate bone1688 hyoid bone1763 tongue-bone1841 palatal bone1842 glossohyal1854 palatopterygoid1854 palatal1859 os hyoideum1869 mentomeckelian1871 postpalatal1871 hyoid1872 hyomandibular1873 interhyal1888 splanchnocranium1907 1623 W. Drummond Flowres of Sion 14 With Iubeling cries The all-triumphing Palladines of Skies Salute thy rising. 1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1846) IV. xli. 21 Belisarius was instructed..to compute the military force of palatines or borderers that might be sufficient for the defence of Africa. 1889 J. B. Bury Hist. Later Rom. Empire (1958) I. ii. 38 Most of the new military creations of the third and fourth centuries had names indicating their close relation to the autocrat, comitatenses, soldiers of the retinue; palatines, soldiers of the palace; domestics, soldiers of the household. 1969 Hist. & Theory 8 77 Constantine's distinction between the borderers, or frontier troops, and the palatines, or garrison troops, fatally undermined the military discipline of the Empire. II. Senses relating to a place or region. 5. A territory under the jurisdiction of a ruler having palatine rights; a county palatine, a palatinate. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > jurisdiction or territory of specific rulers or nobles > [noun] > of count palatine palatine1587 palatinate1649 1587 J. Hooker Chron. Ireland 142/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) II He..vsed his authoritie to decide matters in and throughout the palantine of Kerrie. c1600 J. Dymmok Treat. Ireland (1842) 18 This cuntry [sc. Kerry] was a Pallatyne to the Erle of Desmond, the lyberties and royalties whereof..caused him to grow insolent aboue measure. 1852 G. P. Putnam Hand-bk. Chronol. & Hist. (ed. 6) 458 Edward III. created the palatine of Lancaster, 1376. 1855 P. G. Hamerton Isles Loch Awe 287 Within the Palatine of Lancaster, The peasants from the hills do congregate To labour in the valleys. 1934 Contrib. Canad. Econ. 7 26 The first charter for Carolina, granting the rights, jurisdictions, and immunities of the Palatine of Durham. 1987 E. Pargeter Green Branch (BNC) 203 The rest, even Ranulf of Chester, still saw only their own palatines, and built at them and fought off encroachments on them feverishly. 1991 A. J. Pollard Richard III & Princes in Tower 96 Only two months earlier he had been granted a marcher palatine in the north-west. 6. With capital initial. The Palatine Hill in Rome; (also) the district of Rome built on the slopes of this hill. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > high land > hill > [noun] > specific tower hillc1480 Capitoline1549 Quirinal1569 palatine1656 Euganean1882 mogote1928 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Palatine,..may also be taken for the Hill Palatinus in Rome. 1800 J. Hoole tr. P. Metastasio Romulus & Hersilia iii. ii, in Dramas & Other Poems III. 353 A dreadful battle rages now between The Romans and the Ceninensian bands Behind the Palatine. 1818 Ld. Byron Childe Harold: Canto IV Notes 214 The Roman Nemesis was sacred and august: there was a temple to her in the Palatine under the name of Rhamnusia. 1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands I. 229 Of the Circus Maximus we can still trace the shape, in the hollow between the Palatine and Aventine. 1877 J. Miller Baroness of N.Y. i. iii. 24 The twins, the shaggy she-wolf's teat, The Palentine, her heroes bold, In time shall be new tales new told. 1904 W. Dennison in H. A. Sanders Rom. Hist. Sources & Instit. 45 The surname Capitolinus would indicate residence on the Capitol, but the Montani were perhaps residents of the Palatine. 1960 A. Duggan Family Favourites ix. 182 We might all have been real Romans, born and bred on the Palatine; instead of a collection of queer foreigners from the most outlandish province of the Empire. 1996 L. Al-Hafidh et al. Europe: Rough Guide (ed. 3) II. xiv. 765 In the days of the Republic, the Palatine was the most desirable address in Rome. III. Other uses. †7. A kind of red precious stone (not identified); = palasin n. 2. Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > other gems or precious stones > [noun] hepatitec1305 ligurec1305 bdellium1382 chodchod1382 nevyn1393 asteritea1398 medusa1398 myrrhitea1398 astrion1398 emastycec14.. pinkardinec1400 iralc1420 oriel?a1425 serpentine1426 nakettec1450 pentestc1450 sun's gemc1475 sepulchre-stone1489 moonstonea1500 piantea1500 efestide1567 astroite1569 polyp stone1583 bedle1591 balanite1601 eshime1613 lyncury1638 asteria1646 pangony1658 palasin1678 palatine1678 rhombite1688 tree-stone1698 toad's eye1747 peacock stone1753 turquoise1796 odontolite1819 pagoda stone1860 tangiwai1863 fish-eye1882 1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Palatins or Palassins is a precious stone more red and fiery than the Carbuncle, so called because it is the Matrix, or Palace, where the Carbuncle or Ruby is begotten. 8. A woman's tippet or shoulder cape, usually of fur or lace (see also quot. 1984). Also palatine tippet. Now chiefly historical. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > loose clothing > cloak, mantle, or cape > types of > small or short > tippet tippet1481 palatine1686 victorine1848 gun-case1895 1686 London Gaz. No. 2132/4 Lost.., a black laced Palatin with Diamond Tags upon black Ribon. 1692 J. Smith Scarronnides 63 With top-knots fine, to make 'em pretty, With tippet, pallateen and settee. 1713 Countess of Winchilsea Misc. Poems 107 These [sc. young owls] wear no Palatines, nor Muffs, Italian Silks, or Doyley Stuffs, But motley Callicoes, and Ruffs. 1745 Gentleman's Mag. Jan. 54/1 An ordinance has been published at Copenhagen..prohibiting the wear of all ribbons, palatines, womens handkerchiefs, &c...imported from abroad. 1835 Court Mag. 6 p. vi/1 A sable palatine tippet..should be worn with this dress for the promenade. 1880 L. B. Walford Troublesome Daughters II. xvi. 72 Had not Mademoiselle..permitted Bertha to accompany her and Fräulein Lebrunn to purchase their new muffs and palatines? 1970 Costume No. 4. 40/2 It is believed the Palatine was introduced by Princess Charlotte Elizabeth, better known as Liselotte von der Pfalz. 1984 J. Nunn Fashion in Costume 93 Small shoulder capes of fine lace or silk worn by women during the early-mid 18th century..are called pallatines by some authorities, but this is really the name for a sable shoulder wrap in the 19th century. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). palatineadj.²n.² Brit. /ˈpalətʌɪn/, U.S. /ˈpæləˌtaɪn/ Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin palātum , -ine suffix¹. Etymology: < classical Latin palātum palate n. + -ine suffix¹. Compare French palatin (1611 as adjective, 1868 as noun). Compare slightly earlier palatical adj. N.E.D. (1904) also gives the pronunciation of the final syllable as (-in) /-ɪn/. A. adj.² 1. Anatomy and Zoology. Of or relating to the palate; situated in or on the palate; (also) of or relating to a palatine bone (palatine bone n. at Compounds). Cf. palatal adj. 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > digestive or excretive organs > digestive organs > mouth > [adjective] > palate palatical1654 palatine1656 palatial1707 palatal1786 palatic1823 pharyngopalatine1843 palatoglossal1850 palatopharyngeal1850 prepalatal1853 thyropalatine1872 palato-alveolar1884 transpalatine1891 uranic1898 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Palatine, of or belonging to the Palate. 1684 T. Gibson Anat. Humane Bodies (ed. 2) iii. xxvi. 430 Steno calls this glandulous flesh, the palatine Gland, and says, it is conglomerate, and continued to the tonsils. 1707 J. Douglas Myographiæ Comparatæ Specimen 48 The use of this Muscle is to compress the palatine Glands that lie above it. 1756 Philos. Trans. 1755 (Royal Soc.) 49 222 (caption) Palatine process of the os maxillare. 1881 St. G. Mivart Cat 73 The maxilla sends inwards a large horizontal process called the palatine plate. 1930 H. G. Newth Marshall & Hurst's Junior Course Pract. Zool. (ed. 11) xiii. 321 A small hole in the bony palate, at the junction of its maxillary and palatine portions. 1951 G. R. de Beer Vertebr. Zool. (ed. 2) xxxi. 333 A branch of it (the deep petrosal) joins the palatine nerve (forming the Vidian nerve) and runs to the spheno-palatine ganglion. 1994 Daily Tel. 18 Aug. 17/2 A..muscular contraction which ensures intermittent evacuation of the palatine tonsillar fossae. †2. Phonetics. = palatal adj. 1a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by place or organ > [adjective] > palatal palatine1656 linguapalatal1668 palatal1668 palatic1669 linguopalatal1818 anterior1830 soft1832 mouillé1833 palato-dental1844 palatalized1872 palato-velar1895 postpalatal1898 medio-palatal1900 clear1918 alveolo-palatal1928 lamino-palatal1966 1656 T. Blount Glossographia (at cited word) Palatine letters are such as are pronounced by the help of the Palate, as G.T.R. etc. 1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 286 Guttural, Palatine and Labial sounds. 1773 Ld. Monboddo Orig. & Progress of Lang. (1774) I. iii. xiv. 675 In Greek, γ, κ, ξ, χ..are all palatine consonants. 1836 T. DeQuincey in Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 3 351/1 The guttural and palatine sounds of the ch. †3. Medicine. Produced by or associated with a defect of the palate. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > quality of voice > [adjective] > palatine palatine1822 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 490 The obscure palatine voice..can only be assisted by filling up the fissure in the palate with a silver plate. B. n.² †1. Phonetics. = palatal adj. 1. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of speech sound > speech sound > speech sound by place or organ > [noun] > palatal palatine1697 palatial1792 palatal1817 linguopalatal1818 palato-dental1844 postpalatal1899 prepalatal1900 palatic1904 palato-alveolar1971 1697 J. Wallis Acct. Pass. Life in R. Mannyng Langtoft's Chron. (1725) App. to Pref. p. clxvi Some letters were Labials, some Dentals, some Palatines, and some Gutturals. 1773 W. Kenrick Rhetorical Gram. Eng. Lang. 4 in New Dict. Eng. Lang. All the mute consonants..are silent before a vowel and gutterals [sic], nasals or palatines after it. 1776 J. Richardson Gram. Arabick Lang. iii. 8 Six letters are called gutturals..; four palatines. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. I. 497 The consonants..gutturals, compounds, palatines, dentals, and labials. 2. Anatomy and Zoology. A palatine bone. ΚΠ 1824 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom (1827) I. 75 Two intermaxillary bones in front, and two palatines behind. 1853 R. Owen in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 143 292 The palatines are lost in the specimen; they appear to have formed the middle two-fourths of the produced back part of the bony palate. 1878 F. J. Bell & E. R. Lankester tr. C. Gegenbaur Elements Compar. Anat. 461 In front of the pterygoid lie the palatines. 1939 T. L. Green Pract. Animal Biol. i. 153 Maxillae and palatines. In the base of the skull are the basi-occipital, basi-sphenoids, alisphenoids, presphenoids and vomer. 1958 W. E. Swinton Fossil Amphibians & Reptiles (ed. 2) ix. 51 There was no secondary palate, but the pterygoids had grown across and forwards to form with the palatines a roof that served something of the same purpose. 1993 Bull. Marine Sci. 52 669 Palatine, metapterygoid, endopterygoid, and quadrate originate from one piece of cartilage. Compounds palatine bone n. Anatomy and Zoology either of a pair of bones in the vertebrate skull which form much of the hard (bony) palate, and in mammals and crocodiles also form part of the floor of the nasal cavity and orbit. ΚΠ 1770 tr. A. E. Büchner Easy Method to enable Deaf Persons to Hear 47 The palatine bones are connected with the os cuneiforme by the pterygoidal processes. 1834 H. McMurtrie tr. G. Cuvier Animal Kingdom 173 A narrow canal which traverses the palatine [Fr. les palatins] and sphenoidal bones. 1868 Amer. Naturalist 2 223 They [sc. the Siluroid fishes] had one striking feature in the structure of the jaws..; this was the power of sliding the palatine-bone forward. 1958 W. E. Swinton Fossil Amphibians & Reptiles (ed. 2) vii. 37 The upper jaw-bones (maxillae) and the palatine bones together formed a roof or secondary palate above the nostril openings. 1997 G. S. Helfman et al. Diversity of Fishes viii. 113/1 In some groups..elongate dentition is repeated on the palatine or vomerine bones. palatine index n. [compare French indice palatin (P. Broca 1872, in Revue d'anthropol. 1 394)] Physical Anthropology and Anatomy = palatal index n. at palatal adj. and n. Compounds. ΚΠ 1878 R. T. H. Bartley tr. P. Topinard Anthropol. ii. 261 M. Broca again takes account of the relation of the maximum breadth of the vault of the palate to its maximum length, in making comparison of races. This is the palatine index. 1923 Biometrika 14 218 The palatine index..is the only one which affords any clear distinction between them [sc. Asiatic and other races]. 1965 Anat. Rec. 209 273 The palatine index showed that 43.2% of the total sample of skulls has narrow (leptostaphyline), 23.7% intermediate (mesostaphyline), and 33.1% wide (brachystaphyline) palates. palatine tonsil n. [after scientific Latin tonsilla palatina (1866 (in German context) or earlier)] Anatomy and Zoology an oval mass of lymphoid tissue lying between the glossopalatine and pharyngopalatine arches on each side of the pharynx; a tonsil (tonsil n. 1); cf. pharyngeal tonsil n. at pharyngeal adj. and n. Compounds. ΚΠ 1876 tr. H. F. Wendt in tr. H. W. von Ziemssen et al. Cycl. Pract. Med. VII. 63 In a scrofulous girl..there was a remarkable increase of thickness in the pharyngeal tonsil, in addition to hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils. 1965 L. B. Arey Developmental Anat. (ed. 7) xiii. 238 The palatine tonsils are highly variable, ranging from stalked, protruding organs to ‘buried’ types lying in a deep sinus. 2006 M. E. Fowler & S. K. Mikota Biol., Med., & Surg. Elephants xxiii. 313/1 A recent necropsy dissection of an adult female Indian elephant revealed well-developed discoid to spherical palatine tonsils on either side of the pharynx. palatine tooth n. Zoology (a) any of the teeth borne on the palatine bone in certain fishes, amphibians, and reptiles; (b) (in wider sense) = palatal tooth n. at palatal adj. and n. Compounds. ΚΠ 1828 J. Stark Elements Nat. Hist. I. 354 Anguis,..no palatine teeth. 1983 A. O. Epple Amphibians of New Eng. 2 Most species also have some backward-slanting teeth, called the palatine teeth, on the roof of the mouth. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.¹n.¹1436adj.²n.²1656
随便看	for one's money for one's name sake for one's name's sake for one's own hand for one's own part for one's pains for one's part for one's particular for one's party for one's right arm for one's sake for one's soul for one's turn for openers for or in salvation of for or in spite for or to the vantage for or to this end for or to this that end for or to this what end for or to this which end for ordinary for our ears only for perpetuity for pete's sake

palatineadj.1n.1

palatineadj.2n.2

Compounds

palatineadj.¹n.¹

palatineadj.²n.²