单词 | pantomime |
释义 | pantomimen.adj. Chiefly Theatre. A. n. 1. Originally: (Classical History) a theatrical performer popular in the Roman Empire who represented mythological stories through gestures and actions; = pantomimus n. Hence, more generally: an actor, esp. in comedy or burlesque, who expresses meaning by gesture or mime; a player in a dumbshow. Also in extended use. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > mime > [noun] > actor in mime mummera1456 mute1579 puppeta1592 pantomime1606 pantomimic1617 mumchance1694 mime1784 pantomimist1833 the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > absurdity, incongruity > [noun] > in conduct harlotryc1384 May game1571 scogginism1593 buffianism1596 delirium1599 fooling1602 scoggery1602 buffoonism1611 nonsense1612 scurrility1614 buffoonery1621 buffooninga1672 buffoon1780 pantomime1781 zanyism1823 harlequinade1828 1606 P. Holland tr. Suetonius Hist. Twelve Caesars 60 Hylas the Pantomime at the complaint made of him by the Pretour, he skourged openly in the Court yard before his house. 1615 R. Brathwait Strappado 126 In time No question but hee'l prooue true Pantomime, To imitate all formes, shapes, habits, tyres Suting the Court. 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 167 Pantomimes, Who vary Action, with the Times. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 51. ⁋4 This Pantomime may be said to be a Species of himself: He has no Commerce with the rest of Mankind, but as they are the Objects of Imitation. 1781 G. Selwyn Let. 27 Feb. in 15th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1897) (C. 8551) LI. 1 I believe there is no actor upon the stage of either theatre who, repeating what the author has wrote, does not, at the same time, recite his own private sentiments oftener, than our pantomimes in Parliament. 1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall (1869) II. xxxvi. 318 Buffoons and pantomimes are sometimes introduced, to divert, not to offend, the company. 1823 C. Lamb My First Play in Elia 227 The clownery and pantaloonery of these pantomimes have clean passed out of my head. 1869 W. E. H. Lecky Hist. European Morals I. xi. 277 The immense increase of corrupt and corrupting professions, as actors, pantomimes, hired gladiators. 1980 M. Fonteyn Magic of Dance 285 The Roman performers Pylades and Bathyllus, living under Caesar Augustus in the first years of Christendom, were called pantomimes, not actors or dancers. 2. Originally: (Classical History) the dramatic entertainment or art featuring the performance of the pantomime (sense A. 1). Later: any of various kinds of dramatic entertainment derived from or influenced by the Roman pantomime, esp. a kind of ballet developed in the early 18th cent., originally in France, intended as a revival of the classical form (now historical). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > mime > [noun] > a mime dumb show1561 pantomime1630 dumb pageant1642 1630 B. Jonson Masques (1640) II. 145 After the manner of the old Pantomime. 1710 J. Essex tr. R. A. Feuillet Treat Chorogr. 24 The Country Dance, call'd ye Diligent which has two parts, & the Pantomime which has three. 1717 in Oxf. Compan. Theatre (1983) 625/1 New Dramatic entertainment after the manner of the ancient pantomime. 1763 S. Johnson Prol. spoken by Mr. Garrick in Coll. of Poems I. 201 Exulting Folly hail'd the joyful day, And pantomime and song confirm'd her sway. 1797 R. Southey Joan of Arc Pref. After the publication of this poem, a pantomime upon the same subject was brought forward at Covent-Garden Theatre. a1842 T. Arnold Hist. Later Rom. Commonw. (1846) II. xi. 416 The exhibition of the pantomime was prohibited; an entertainment very different from that which is now known by the same name; and an outrage upon all decency. 1875 A. W. Ward Hist. Eng. Dramatic Lit. I. i. 8 In the early days of the Empire..the pantomime, a species of ballet of action, established itself as a favourite class of amusement. 1910 Encycl. Brit. XX. 685/2 In France an attempt was made by Noverre to restore pantomime proper to the stage as an independent species, by treating mythological subjects seriously in artificial ballets. 1983 Oxf. Compan. Theatre (ed. 4) 624/2 A misunderstanding of the art of the Roman exponent of pantomime, fostered by the entertainments put on by the Duchesse su Maine at Sceaux as ballets-pantomimes in the belief that she was reviving an ancient art. 3. a. Chiefly British. Originally: a traditional theatrical performance, developing out of commedia dell'arte, and comprising a dumbshow, which later developed into a comic dramatization with stock characters of Clown, Pantaloon, Harlequin, and Columbine; = harlequinade n. a (now chiefly historical). Now usually: a theatrical entertainment, mainly for children, which involves music, topical jokes, and slapstick comedy, and is based on a fairy tale or nursery story, usually staged around Christmas; this style of performance as a genre. (Now the usual sense.)The now-traditional English pantomime developed in the 19th cent. and was originally limited to a short opening scene to the earlier harlequinade in which Harlequin was handed his wand. Its popularity led to its extension into a full dramatized story with the harlequinade first relegated to a short scene at the end and then disappearing altogether. This process was accompanied by the development of a new set of conventional characters, typically including a man in the chief comic female role (see pantomime dame n. at Compounds 2), a woman in the main male role (see principal boy n. at principal adj., n., and adv. Compounds), and an animal played by actors in comic costume (see pantomime horse n. at Compounds 2).Recorded earliest in pantomime entertainment at Compounds 1. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > pantomime > [noun] pantomime1734 harlequinery1741 panto1852 1734 (title) Cupid and Psyche: or, Colombine-Courtezan. A dramatic pantomime entertainment. Interspers'd with ballad tunes. 1740 C. Cibber Apol. Life C. Cibber xv. 299 It may not..be..improper to shew how our childish Pantomimes first came to take so gross a Possession of the Stage. 1780 T. Davies Mem. Life David Garrick (1781) I. x. 99 Rich [in 1717] created a species of dramatic composition unknown to this, and I believe, to any other country, which he called a pantomime: it consisted of two parts, one serious and the other comic. 1801 J. Strutt Glig-gamena Angel-ðeod iii. ii. §19 All the absurdities of the puppet-show, except the discourses, are retained in the pantomimes. 1848 A. Somerville Autobiogr. ix. 108 The Christmas pantomime..that season..was Mother Goose. 1892 Daily News 24 Dec. 5/2 The pantomime has gradually interwoven itself into our recognised Christmas festivities, so as to become an essential part of them. 1904 M. Beerbohm Around Theatres (1924) II. 50 In the 'seventies pantomime was flourishing still. Demon King and Fairy Queen..were familiar. 1962 Oxf. Mail 24 Dec. 6/6 In 1947 he met his wife in pantomime at Lincoln. ‘She was the principal girl, Maid Marion. I was just one of the bad robbers.’ 1983 Oxf. Compan. Theatre (ed. 4) 625/1 A confusion in the public mind between such ballets and the storytelling dances of the harlequinade led to the adoption of the term ‘pantomime’ for this offshoot of the commedia dell'arte. 1996 Independent 25 Nov. i. 13/6 The idea that pantomime should ban soap opera stars in order to return to its traditional roots..is ridiculous. b. In extended use. An absurd or confused situation; a mess; (also) an absurd or outrageous piece of behaviour. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > disorder > [noun] > scene of disorder shamble1926 pantomime1941 dumpster fire2008 the world > action or operation > behaviour > affected behaviour or affectation > [noun] > theatrical or exaggerated behaviour > display of act1928 pantomime1941 1941 Penguin New Writing 3 109 It's a proper pantomime. The old Tabbies'll have to mind their dignities if they steps out to-day. 1990 S. Gates Lock (BNC) 62 He made a pantomime of checking his watch. 2003 Burnley Express (Nexis) 13 Jan. Personally I think the council has got itself into a right pantomime over this. 4. Significant gesture without speech, mime; an instance of this. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > [noun] > without speech dumb show1594 pantomimicry1728 pantomime1791 dumb crambo1811 dumb-play1920 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > mime > [noun] miming1616 pantomimicry1728 pantomime1791 mime1932 1791 A. Radcliffe Romance of Forest I. v. 166 He acted a perfect pantomime. 1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) xiii. 132 An uproar which reduced him to the necessity of expressing his feelings by serious pantomime. 1871 L. Stephen Playground of Europe iii. 118 As..he could not speak a word of French..he was obliged to convey this sentiment into pantomime. 1903 H. Keller Story of my Life iii. 211 She drops the signs and pantomime she used before, as soon as she has words to supply their place. 1934 H. C. Warren Dict. Psychol. 181/2 No words are used in the test content, but the directions for giving the tests may be either verbal or by pantomime. 2003 St. John's (Newfoundland) Telegram (Nexis) 27 Mar. a6 She updates my mother daily in Arabic, accompanied by pantomime, on news from the front. B. adj. Of the kind one would expect to see in a pantomime; exaggerated; burlesque; (also) lacking in sincerity. rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > drama > pantomime > [adjective] > like pantomime pantomime1755 pantomimic1895 1755 S. Richardson Corr. (1804) VI. 265 I am sorry that the visits between you and Miss Talbot were so very pantomime. 1992 Economist 3 Oct. 42/1 Just as important for the Blackpool peace as Mr Gould's defeat was that of Denis Skinner, a pantomime left-wing MP. 1994 J. Birmingham He died with Felafel in his Hand (1997) vi. 131 Her selfishness. Her laziness. Her three hour showers. Her totally tragic, regularly scheduled, pantomime suicide vanity trips. Compounds C1. General attributive and objective (chiefly in sense A. 3a), as pantomime animal, pantomime dance, pantomime drama, pantomime entertainment, pantomime-goer, etc. ΚΠ 1734 tr. C. Rollin Method teaching & studying Belles Lettres IV. 397/1 A Prince of Pontus..having seen a famous Pantomime dance with so much art,..desired the Emperor to make him a present of that dancer. 1734Pantomime entertainment [see sense A. 3a]. 1746 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) II. 40 An Obnubilative, Pantomime Entertainment to be exhibited at Mr. Clark's. 1765 H. Timberlake Mem. 80 [The Cherokees] are..very dexterous at pantomime dances; several of which I have seen performed that were very diverting. 1777 G. Forster Voy. round World I. 412 In the intervals of the dance three men performed something of a pantomime drama. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xxiii. 219 Mr. Folair made a funny face from his pantomime collection. 1861 W. M. Thackeray Four Georges iv. 208 The king in the pantomime, with his pantomime wife, and pantomime courtiers,..whom he pokes with his pantomime sceptre. 1897 N.Y. Daily Tribune 25 Oct. 10/2 It [sc. cake-walking] has become, however, a pantomime dance. 1901 R. J. Broadbent Hist. Pantomime xix. 196 This clashing..cannot but..adversely affect the box-office receipts, unless, of course the Pantomime-goer makes a point of ‘doing the round’. 1908 G. B. Shaw Pen Portraits (1932) 74 A pantomime animal with two men in it is a mistake when the two are not very carefully paired. 1952 Life 17 Nov. 70/1 One of the pantomime skits which Barrault tosses into his program from time to time is this scene. 2001 Times 2 Jan. ii. 19/5 Nick Cotton, the pantomime villain with his own boo-hiss machine, has already fallen off a bridge. C2. pantomime dame n. a conventional comic character of a middle-aged woman played by a man and featured in many pantomimes. ΚΠ 1902 in A. E. Wilson Prime Minister of Mirth (1956) iii. 53 Mr. Robey is different. To a stage which for years had been inhabited by pantomime ‘dames’, by the drink comedian, by the lodger and by the lodger's wife he came. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xv. [Circe] 417 In pantomime dame's stringed mobcap, crinoline and bustle, widow Twankey's blouse..and cameo brooch. 1990 R. Pilcher September xxix. 469 Dressed in enormous evening gowns, all satin and glitter, I looked like a youthful pantomime dame. pantomime horse n. a comic stage horse played by two actors inside a single costume, one acting as the front end of the horse and the other as the back. ΚΠ 1927 Times 29 Dec. 7/3 One hundred and eighty children welcomed the appearance of a pantomime horse. 1999 Mixmag Apr. 92/1 Andy Fenner dressed up as a pantomime horse and galloped around while a Nice helper-outer rode astride, handing out fruit. pantomime season n. the period around Christmas and New Year when pantomimes are traditionally staged. ΚΠ 1850 R. Bell Ladder of Gold I. ii. i. 181 She felt like a child at a play in the pantomime season for the first time. 1994 R. Bottomley Rocking Horses 6/2 In larger towns the principal entertainment of the day was the opening of the pantomime season with mumming plays. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). pantomimev. 1. intransitive. To express oneself through silent or imitative gestures; (also) to make an absurd spectacle or display of oneself, to go around behaving as though in a pantomime. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > make gestures [verb (intransitive)] > without speech pantomime1768 the mind > mental capacity > lack of understanding > foolishness, folly > be or become foolish [verb (intransitive)] > act foolishly dotec1225 foleyec1374 fop1528 fond1530 daff1535 pract1568 dolt1573 daw1596 fool1597 guck1603 baboonize1611 prat1685 to play the fool1722 niff-naff1728 fopple1756 doitera1790 daffle1796 tomfool1825 to play (also act) the (giddy) goat1841 lallygag1862 silly1877 monkey1878 footle1891 to ass around1899 to play silly buggers (also beggars, bleeders, etc.)1903 to arse around1919 to jackass around1927 nimble-pimble1927 to fuck about1929 to fool up1933 to crap around1936 pantomime1958 prat1961 dork1990 1768 W. Donaldson Life Sir Bartholomew Sapskull I. xviii. 174 An unhappy girl..for want of friends to appear, or money to pantomime in her favour, is hurried to gaol. 1888 Sat. Rev. 24 Mar. 354 Where it is necessary for her to pantomime, the attitudes she assumes are in the best style of plastic art. 1958 Spectator 8 Aug. 187/2 The vanity of a Lloyd George or a Ramsay MacDonald, who preferred pantomiming round the world in a continual circus to staying put where they belonged. 1984 J. Updike Witches of Eastwick i. 119 Van Horne..pantomimed with his uncanny hands. 2. transitive. To express or represent through mime or exaggerated gesture. ΘΚΠ society > communication > indication > gesturing or gesture > make gestures [verb (transitive)] > express or accompany by gesture > without speech beckonc1275 beck1486 pantomime1847 mimea1894 1847 C. J. Lever Knight of Gwynne lviii Pantomiming the action of drinking with his now empty glass. 1861 E. D. Cook Paul Foster's Daughter x Septimus pantomimed deprecation of any such notions. 1960 E. McBain See them Die x. 110 Luis curved his hands through the air, pantomiming a woman with..curves. 1992 Matrix Fall 64/1 I hold my belly and pantomime throwing up. Derivatives ˈpantomimed adj. ΚΠ 1950 A. Ronell in A. R. Manvell & J. Huntley Technique Film Music (1957) iii. 137 His pantomimed thoughts find voice through the inflection of instruments whose colours express Harpo's spirited style. 1992 Premiere Apr. 39/1 The resulting footage..is a surreal tableau of pantomimed chaos that required precision timing from the cast. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1606v.1768 |
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