packingn.1
/ˈpakɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈpækɪŋ/ 1. The action of pack v.1† b. Horticulture. A kind of whip graft. Also with on. Obsolete.
a. The action of putting things together in or as a pack, or placing them in a container; the preparation and packaging of perishable goods; the filling of a suitcase, etc., in preparation for travel. packing-up: the action of to pack up at pack v.1 Phrasal verbs; an instance of this.
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the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [noun] > packing or parcelling
packing1389
mailingc1470
packa1612
package1611
emballage1815
packaging1875
parcelling1876
society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > [noun] > processing > packing
packing1389
package1611
packaging1934
society > travel > aspects of travel > a journey > [noun] > packing luggage
packing1770
1389–90 in Statutes of Realm (1816) II. 64 (MED) Null merchant nautre homme achate ses leynes par celles paroles Goodpakkyng, ne par autres paroles semblables.
1419–20 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 202 (MED) The Cawse Off þis Ordenaunce was For Grete desseyt Off Fals pakkyng þat was Founden Inne Grene ȝinȝer To dysseyve þe Kyngges pepill with all.
1494 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 23 Neither the Tale-fish nor small Fish should be laid double in packing.
1506 in J. D. Marwick Extracts Rec. Burgh Edinb. (1869) I. 109 Throw pakking and peling of merchand gude in Leith to be had furth of our realme.
1596 H. Knyvett Def. Realme (1906) 45 There will no gaine rise by the provision and packinge upp thereof in storehouses.
1637 Dumbarton Burgh Rec. (1860) 54 Robert Glen messenger to..discharge ae Irischman..fra salling grien herring or paking the same.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones I. ii. iii. 96 She then betook herself to the Business of Packing, for which a small Quantity of brown Paper sufficed. View more context for this quotation
1770 H. Brooke Fool of Quality V. xvii. 180 The night was employed in hastening and packing.
1802 R. L. Edgeworth & M. Edgeworth Ess. Irish Bulls vi. 77 Little Dominick heaved many a sigh when he saw the packings up of all his school fellows.
1897 Longmans' Geogr. Ser. II. The World 333 Meat-curing and packing is a very important industry at Chicago and Cincinnati.
1901 F. Norris Octopus ii. ix. 627 A great packing-up was in progress.
1967 Commerc. Fisheries Rev. Nov. 64/2 Japanese tuna packers..switched from fruit canning to tuna packing in September.
1987 E. Feinstein Captive Lion i. 39 Quite soon, Maria Alexandrovna too decided to return to Russia... Maria Alexandrovna insisted on doing most of the packing.
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the world > food and drink > farming > gardening > management of plants > propagation of plants > [noun] > grafting > other methods of grafting
emplastering?c1425
emplastration?1440
infoliation1577
semination1589
emplaster1601
packing1615
shoulder-grafting1669
side grafting1704
crown grafting1706
root grafting1707
rind grafting1722
tipping1763
saddle grafting1792
wedge-grafting1838
1615 W. Lawson Country Housewifes Garden (1626) 30 Packing on, is, when you cut aslope, a twig of the same bigness with your graft, either in or besides the knot,..and make your graft agree jump with the cyon, and gash your graft and your cyon in the middest of the wound length-way, a straw breadth deep, and thrust the one into the other..then tye them close.
1726 Dict. Rusticum (ed. 3) There are six several sorts of Grafting; 1. That call'd Slicing or Packing, which is done by cutting off the top of the Stock in a smooth straight Place.
1813 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening (ed. 5) vii. 90 There is a sort of whip-graffing that has been denominated slicing, or packing, which differs only from the one just described, in that the stock is of any size.
c. Science and Mathematics. The arrangement of objects, individuals, groups, or constituent parts in a (defined or restricted) space; spec. the spatial arrangement of the atoms, ions, etc., of a crystalline structure; the folding or coiling of a nucleic acid, protein, or other long-chain molecule. close packing n. the arrangement of spheres, atoms, etc., so as to minimize the amount of space between them.
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the world > matter > chemistry > crystallography (general) > crystal (general) > crystal lattice > [noun] > spatial arrangement
packing1917
1841 T. R. Jones Gen. Outl. Animal Kingdom xxviii. §646. 585 A circumstance which much facilitates the packing of the abdominal viscera.
1880 A. Gray Struct. Bot. iv. 133 Leaves are as to the mode of packing, Plicate or Plaited, when folded on the several ribs, in the manner of a closed fan.
1917 Physical Rev. 10 678 Hexagonal close-packing..is one of the two alternative arrangements which the atoms would assume if they were hard spheres and were forced by pressure into the closest possible packing.
1939 Nature 11 Feb. 239/1 On account of their close packing and strong energy exchange, the particles in a heavy nucleus would be expected to move in a collective way.
1990 Sci. News 19 May 316/2 The densest known packing in three dimensions, called the face-centered cubic packing, is familiar to anyone who has seen neat piles of oranges at fruit stands.
2001 Biophysical Jrnl. 80 1374/2 This increase in chain mobility must correspond to a decrease in packing density of the lipid chains.
d. Chiefly North American. The transportation of goods by pack animal.
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society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance by carrying > [noun] > conveyance by pack-animals
sack and seam1631
packing1843
1843 Amer. Pioneer 2 162 Merchandise..was principally carried on pack horses until after 1788. Packing continued to be an important business in Kentucky until 1795.
1897 Boston Daily Globe 4 Aug. (Evening ed.) 5/2 Prices for packing across the pass have risen.
1948 Hungry Horse News (Columbia Falls, Montana) 24 Sept. 8/1 Roy owns a valuable string of pack horses and does considerable packing for the forest service.
1983 P. St. Pierre Smith & Other Events 240 He was a cross, half-stupid and half-alligator and mostly I used him for packing, but this day I saddled him, figuring to ride down to Arch's.
e. The practice of wrapping (a person) in a wet sheet as a hydropathic treatment; the application of a wet pack. Now historical.
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the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > treatments using water > [noun] > wrapping in wet sheet
pack1849
packing1859
1859 J. Smedley Pract. Hydropathy 43 It is important, in packing,..that the patient be tightly packed in the sheet and blanket.
1874 J. S. Blackie On Self-culture 51 The wet sheet packing, one of the most bruited of the hydropathic appliances.
1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 21 Jan. 1/3 Ameliorating the symptoms by hot foments, mustard applications, and wet-sheet packings.
1988 Isis 79 334/1 Patient accounts attest to the fact that bathing, massages, and ‘packing’ were pleasurable, even sensual experiences.
f. The act of cramming people or things very closely together, so as to fit as many as possible into a confined space; the fact of people or things living in close proximity or in a limited space.
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1863 Times 18 Mar. 8/6 Perhaps the packing was too close to allow that freedom of motion their peculiar dexterity requires.
1924 Times 17 Mar. 6/1 The usual blackness of a merely large crowd was missing for the simple reason that the packing was too close for shoulders and arms to show.
1954 J. E. Spencer Asia, East by South xxiv. 325 Southwest China is isolated and also has the most dense packing of population per square mile of cultivated land of any part of China.
1978 Ecol. Monogr. 48 418/2 The packing of more species into a smaller total volume of foraging space..is partly associated with specialization by the core species.
2001 Air Safety Week 5 Nov. With people in general getting taller and broader, the level of discontent with with current dense packing is likely to rise.
g. The assembling of birds, animals, or people to form a pack or flock; (Rugby) the assembling of players to form a scrum.
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the world > animals > animals collectively > [noun] > assembling
herding1709
aggregation1805
packing1879
1879 R. Jefferies Wild Life 303 The packing of birds is very interesting.
1917 Chambers's Jrnl. Feb. 119/1 This habit of banding together, or ‘packing’, is one of the features of winter bird-life.
1948 H. M. Batten & S. Gordon in Biol.: World Living Things vii. 143/2 We usually regard the habit of packing as most intimately associated with the wolves.
1963 Jrnl. Animal Ecol. 32 322 Packing was the rule [among a population of grouse] for much of the winter on the higher areas, but was only induced by at least a week of heavy snow on the Low area.
2002 Courier Mail (Brisbane) (Nexis) 21 Nov. 36 A clearer rule about the packing of scrums near the end of a half.
2. concrete.
a. Material used to fill up a space in or around something; spec. material used to make a joint, piston, etc., watertight or airtight.
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society > occupation and work > materials > types of material generally > [noun] > material for stuffing or filling
flocks1277
capiton1612
padding1640
wattins1690
wadding1734
packing1779
pugging1801
stopping1823
chinking1837
stopper1879
air foam1937
the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > that which or one who closes or shuts > [noun] > that which closes an aperture > material or composition used for
closure1651
packing1779
stopping1823
chinking1837
stopper1879
the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > [noun] > filling > filling of vacant space > that which serves to
filler1591
filling1597
filler-up1710
packing1779
upfilling1822
fill-up1853
infilling1871
filler-in1877
space-filler1886
infill1939
microballoon1954
fill1957
1779 in E. Robinson & A. E. Musson James Watt & Steam Revol. (1969) 141 The packing of the piston should be beat solid, but not too hard.
1824 ‘R. Stuart’ Descr. Hist. Steam Engine 160 The ends of the wheels are made to move round steam-tight by packings or stuffings.
1837 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 12/1 They..form a perfectly secure water-joint, without any assistance of packing, lead, or other material.
1876 W. Papworth Gwilt's Encycl. Archit. (rev. ed.) Gloss. 1290 Packing, small stones imbedded in mortar, used to fill up the interstices between the larger stones in rubble work.
1903 P. L. Mummery After-treatment of Operations ii. 30 When a cavity in the bone has been packed with gauze..the packing should be removed in twenty-four or forty-eight hours.
1991 Process Engin. Aug. 43/1 The integrity of the primary seal is easily restored by tightening down the gland plate holding all the packing in position.
b. Printing. A cloth, board, etc., placed between the impression cylinder and the paper to equalize the impression. Now rare.
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society > communication > printing > printing machine or press > parts of printers or presses > [noun] > layer of cloth over type to equalize pressure
blanket1824
packing1890
1890 W. J. Gordon Foundry 221 [Rotary Press] It was customary to work entirely with soft packing—that is to say, with a thick blanket or cloth between the impression cylinder and the paper.
c. slang. Food, esp. food of inferior quality.
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the world > food and drink > food > qualities of food > [noun] > poor or inferior food
penancec1400
cold meat1795
packing1891
glop1945
1891 J. Bent Criminal Life 272 Packing,..food.
1925 E. Fraser & J. Gibbons Soldier & Sailor Words 219 Packing, rations. Food in general.
1973 ‘P. Malloch’ Kickback iv. 27 ‘When you've had the kind of packing I've had for three years, this is a treat.’ He..began to eat.
d. The materials used to wrap or protect an object, esp. a commercial product. Cf. packaging n. 1b.
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1911 Times 14 Nov. 22/4 This inside packing, if cardboard, does not enter free of duty, but pays a special rate, generally much inferiour to the duty on the goods.
1931 Times 23 July 7/5 Moisture-proof ‘Cellophane’ is a scientific advance on all earlier forms of protective packing.
1975 M. Helprin Dove of East 44 Shreds of red packing on the floor made the place look like a battlefield where many men had been slaughtered.
2002 Deseret News (Salt Lake City) (Nexis) 7 Feb. c2 Use them [sc. plastic shopping bags] as packing around gifts that you send through the mail.
3. An extra charge added to the price of delivered goods to cover the cost of packaging.
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > [noun] > charge for packing
packing1901
1901 Pitman's Business Terms, Phr. & Abbrev. 155 Packing... The charge made for packing.
1958 Times 6 Aug. 2/5 This can be obtained from the printers, W. and I. Mackay & Co., Ltd., Chatham, Kent, price 11s. 9d., postage and packing included.
1974 Parker's Wholesale Catal. (J. Parker Dutch Bulbs..Co.) Autumn 13/2 All our prices are inclusive of duty and packing.
1992 Dogs Today Dec. 17/2 (advt.) Buy your dog his own tin opener! The Dogs Today tin opener costs only £3.75 (including postage and packing), and is very easy to use.
Compounds
C1. (In sense 1a.)† packing-awl n. Obsolete† packing-officer n. Obsolete
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > [noun] > sewing > equipment for > other
none-so-prettyc1700
finding1856
needle threader1863
packing-awl1875
thread clips1958
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1590/1 Packing-awl, one for thrusting a twine through a packing cloth or the meshes of a hamper.
packing cloth n.
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1576 Edinb. Test. IV. f. 155, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Pakking viij elnis of pakking cleith price x s..thrie elnis of pakking canves price of the eln iij s.
1625 Inventory R. Dean (Administr. 39, Hampsh. Record Office) A packing cloth and vii hand towells.
1793 J. Sinclair Statist. Acct. Scotl. VI. 236 (Jam.) Weavers who..manufacture..what they call Harn, and coarse packing cloth.
1895 B. L. C. Griffith Forget-me-nots 309 It is said that they had no bed, and, to save the expense of one, always slept on a bundle of packing-cloths under the counter.
1998 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 22 Nov. 1/4 Cargo pants and pea jackets and garments made of packing cloth.
packing crate n.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > container or package for goods > [noun] > crate or packing-case
crate1688
packing box1774
packing case1791
packing crate1859
1859 W. S. Coleman Our Woodlands 31 For making packing-crates.
1892 Atlantic Monthly Sept. 319/1 Our bulky packing-crates appeared... Everything was finally unpacked.
1994 H. Holland Born in Soweto i. 17 In the pre-dawn gloom, these settlements are a jumbled mess of corrugated iron, packing crates and cardboard boxes.
packing-crib n.
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1904 N.E.D. at Packing vbl. sb.1 Packing-crib.
packing firm n.
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1890 Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 25 Sept. 2/3 One large packing-firm [in S. California] will this year lose $50,000 on prunes alone.
2003 Daily Post (Liverpool) (Nexis) 18 Feb. 15 Global Sealing Technologies has been transformed through..the realignment of the packing firm's traditional operations to find business abroad.
packing house n.
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the mind > possession > supply > storage > [noun] > place where anything is or may be stored > storehouse > warehouse
warehouse1349
packhousec1483
godown1588
bankshallc1615
serai1619
seraglio1628
magazine house1645
truck-house1731
packing house1796
1796 N.-Y. Mag. Jan. 5/2 In the packing-house are generally between two and three hundred at work.
1834 C. F. Hoffman Let. 3 Apr. in Winter in West (1835) II. 136 One of the packing-houses, built of brick, and three stories high, is more than a hundred feet long, and proportionably wide.
1861 Chicago Tribune 26 May 1/8 Docking Lot, near Hough's Packing House.
1986 J. A. Samson Trop. Fruits (ed. 2) v. 121 It may be necessary to temporarily exclude orchards with brown rot from use of the packing house.
packing knot n.
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the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > a bond, tie, or fastening > [noun] > knot > other knots
water knot1496
draw knot1635
slip-knot1679
tie-knot1800
timber-hitch1815
thorough-put1829
fisherman's bendc1860
Celtic knot1865
lark's head1866
waterman's knot1866
packing knot1871
fisherman's knot1876
prusik knot1937
1871 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. May 300 Packing knots are used for binding timber together.
2000 Great Falls (Montana) Tribune (Nexis) 1 June 30 The cost of the workshop is $45, which includes lunch. Topics to be covered include:..barrel, basket and diamond hitches, packing knots.
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society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > imposition or collecting of duties on goods > [noun] > superintendent of packing
packing-officer1858
1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products 270/2 Packing-officer, an excise-officer who superintends or watches the packing of paper, and other exciseable articles.
packing paper n.
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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > material for making paper > paper > [noun] > wrapping-papers
cap-paper1577
packing paper1590
cap1620
German Lombard1712
wrapping-paper1715
butter paper1727
whitey-brown1761
kitchen paper?1782
emporetic1790
tea-paper1814
needle paper1852
small hand1853
grocer's paper1861
tobacco paper1877
grocery-paper1883
greaseproof paper1894
chip paper1935
toffee paper1958
1590 Edinb. Test. XXI. f. 267, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Pakking Tuelf quair of gray packing paper price of the quair x s.
1785 T. Jefferson Let. 1 Sept. in Papers (1953) VIII. 464 2 trunks & packing paper..43-0.
1861 D. G. Rossetti Let. Jan. (1965) II. 392 I shall have it printed on common brown packing-paper.
1992 MacWorld June 48/1 No foam peanuts. Instead we use a packing paper that's made from recycled magazines.
packing plant n.
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1902 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 7 147 This territory is being much extended on the west by the addition of new packing plants.
1992 K. Ohmae Borderless World (new ed.) ix. 175 Japanese importers..are aggressively buying up American ranches, feedlots, and packing plants.
packing room n.
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1839 N. Z. Gaz. 21 Aug. 1/1 Private sitting rooms, and large warehouses, packing rooms, &c, &c.
1845 Amer. Whig Rev. Dec. 653/1 When taken from the binns, it [sc. tobacco] is removed to the packing-room.
1906 U. Sinclair Jungle iii. 29 The visitors were taken to..the salting rooms, the canning rooms, and the packing rooms, where choice meat was prepared for shipping.
2003 Daily Hampshire (Northampton, Mass.) Gaz. (Nexis) 17 Feb. e14 The three-story archive is located off the packing room.
packing shed n.
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1857 W. P. Blake Geol. Rep. (U.S. War Dept.: Rep. Explor. Route to Pacific V) ii. 77 The vineyards were traversed in all directions by laborers, bearing baskets of the fruit to the packing-sheds.
1901 Chambers's Jrnl. Feb. 99/1 An expert to accompany the fruit from the orchard, through the packing-shed, on to the port of shipment.
1990 Kimberley Echo (Kununurra, W. Austral.) 3 Sept. 11/3 9ha [banana] plantation with 2 Brm house, packing shed with packing wheel, workshop, under tree sprinklers, includes working plant.
packing stick n.
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1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1590/2 Packing-stick, a woolding stick; one used in straining a twine around a rolled fleece of wool in tying.
1997 Weekly Times (Melbourne) (Nexis) 17 Dec. 27 Organise the correct equipment: preserver, thermostat or thermometer, preserving bottles and lids..packing stick and bottle tongs.
packing wood n.
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1904 N.E.D. at Packing vbl. sb.1 Packing-wood.
2001 Plain Dealer (Cleveland, Ohio) (Nexis) 23 Aug. b4 The container measured 18 feet by 6 feet by 5 feet. The packing wood had to be steam-treated and sprayed to kill any insects or fungus.
packing yard n.
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1834 C. A. Davis Lett. J. Downing, Major 24 Zekil..keeps a packin-yard, and salts down more fish than any man in three counties round.
1883 A. J. Adderley Fisheries Bahamas 6 The sponges are taken to the packing~yard, where they are sorted, clipped, soaked in tubs of lime-water, and spread out to dry in the sun.
1982 Associated Press (Nexis) 29 Mar. Six cattle broke loose again but were recaptured..and packing company workers herded them back to the packing yard.
C2. In sense 2a, in the sense ‘that may be used as packing’.† packing-board n. Obsolete† packing expander n. Obsolete† packing leather n. Obsolete
packing block n.
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1859 Sci. Amer. 24 Sept. 211/3 Improvement in Ditching-plows... Attaching and adjusting the shares..by means of the packing blocks.
1884 M. N. Forney Car-builder's Dict. (ed. 2) 121/1 Packing-blocks,..truncated triangular blocks of wood forced into pockets in the skeleton against which the tire bears.
1993 Collins Compl. DIY Man. (new ed.) iii. 177/1 The traditional herringbone strutting..can compensate for timber shrinkage. Folded wedges or packing blocks are placed in line with the strutting between the outer joists and the walls to keep the joints tight.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > earth-moving and excavating equipment > [noun] > tunnelling equipment
poling board1837
shield1837
packing-board1850
pilot tunnel1881
subterrene1956
mole1960
1850 Ordnance Man. for Use of Officers (U.S. Army Ordnance Dept.) (ed. 2) 200 Packing boxes for swords and sabres..furnished with packing boards or partitions made with grooves to receive the scabbards.
1881 Dict. Archit. (Archit. Publ. Soc.) Packing-board, the term applied to the boards used with poling boards over the intended soffit of an arch in tunneling, to the top of the heading wherever the earth shows symptoms of falling in.
packing bolt n.
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1861 Let. 28 Nov. in U.S. Naval Rec. 759 The packing bolts in the steam cylinder are completely gone.
1996 Product News Network (Nexis) 15 Aug. A valve packing bolt permits adjustment and provides a secondary stem seal.
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1865 Sci. Amer. 9 Dec. 379/1 Forging apparatus... Annular packing expanders applied to one or both ends of the cylinder.
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 652/1 Packing expander, a spring to spread the packing of a piston or valve against the surface upon which it traverses.
packing gland n.
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1863 Sci. Amer. 26 Dec. 402/1 Unequal compression of the packing gland..is the cause of the scratched and damaged piston rods.
1946 Sun (Baltimore) 5 Oct. 3/4 Pew reported origin of the blast was in failure of a packing gland (a washer-like device to keep gas from escaping from a pump shaft).
1983 Buck & Hickman Catal. 1983–5 407 Refrigeration service set... Contents... Packing gland nut socket.
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1857 Sci. Amer. 25 July 362/3 Pumps... The leak is stopped by simply shifting the packing leather.
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 652/1 Packing leather, a leathern ring on a piston or plunger, traversing against the cylinder or barrel to make a tight joint therewith.
packing nut n.
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1868 Sci. Amer. 26 Aug. 141/2 Gage cock... I claim the combination of the shell.., packing.., perforated sleeve.., and packing nut.., with the cylindrical piston.
1989 Plumbing (Time-Life Bks.) (new ed.) i. 35/1 A dribble around the stem of a faucet when the water is running can often be stopped simply by tightening the packing nut.
packing ring n.
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1839 R. S. Robinson Naut. Steam Engine Explained 41 On the top of the packing rings comes the junk ring, which occupies the whole space from the boss of the piston to the sides.
2002 Plant Engin. (Nexis) 1 Nov. 68 The flame heats the falling water, which contacts a bed of packing rings where heat transfer occurs.
C3. † packing penny n. Obsolete a penny given by way of dismissal, as to a beggar; to give a packing penny to: to send packing, dismiss (in quot. 1609 figurative).† packing whites n. Obsolete a kind of undyed woollen cloth.
packing box n. (a) a box for packing goods in; = packing case n.; (b) = stuffing-box n. at stuffing n. Compounds 2.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > container or package for goods > [noun] > crate or packing-case
crate1688
packing box1774
packing case1791
packing crate1859
1774 J. Morgan Let. in Lett. & Papers Copley & Pelham (Mass. Hist. Soc.) (1914) 284 To a packg Box omitted in former Acct. £0. 9. 4.
1842 P. J. Selby Brit. Forest Trees 212 The wood is soft and spongy, and only fit for packing-boxes.
a1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. II. 1590/1 Packing-box,..a steam-tight composition or systems of parts around the piston-rod of an engine where it passes through the head. A stuffing-box.
1995 New Yorker 4 Dec. 64/1 Turner's worldly assets consisted of a typewriter..and personal items so few that they didn't fill a packing box.
packing case n. (a) a case, frequently of wood, in which items are packed for transport; (b) attributive (derogatory) designating a type of modern architecture alleged to resemble packing cases in its regularity and monotony.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > container or package for goods > [noun] > crate or packing-case
crate1688
packing box1774
packing case1791
packing crate1859
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > style of architecture > [adjective] > other styles
florida1706
massive1723
rounded1757
round-arched1782
castellar1789
baronial1807
rational1813
English colonial1817
massy1817
transitional1817
Scottish Baronial1829
rococo1830
flamboyant1832
Scotch Baronial1833
Churrigueresque1845
Russo-Byzantine1845
soaring1849
trenchant1849
vernacular1857
Scots Baronial1864
baroque1867
Perp.1867
rayonnant1873
Dutch colonial1876
Neo-Grec1878
rococoesque1885
Richardsonian1887
federal1894
organic1896
confectionery1897
European-style1907
postmodern1916
Lutyens1921
modern1927
moderne1928
functionalist1930
Williamsburg1931
Colonial Revival1934
packing case1935
Corbusian1936
lavatorial1936
pseudish1938
Adamesque1942
rationalist1952
Miesian1956
open-planned1958
Lutyensesque1961
façade1962
Odeon1964
high-tech1979
Populuxe1986
1791 in J. A. Picton City of Liverpool: Select. Munic. Rec. (1886) II. 268 The frames, packing cases and carriage.
1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) ii. 8 Other luggage gone by water,—packing cases, nailed up—big as houses—heavy, heavy, damned heavy.
1935 Fortnightly Apr. 410 So we are given the packing-case building—rectangular boxes with holes punched for doors and windows.
1994 I. Welsh Acid House 287 I decide to have a sniff around. There's still a lot of stuff in packing cases. They are decorating this tawdry little egg-box of a home.
packing cell n. [translating German Füllzell] Botany (now rare or disused) any of the cells of the complementary or filling tissue of a lenticel; a complementary cell (cf. complementary adj. 1a).
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1887 W. Hillhouse tr. E. Strasburger Handbk. Pract. Bot. xiv. 153 Soon is formed under the stoma a layer of dividing cells in the form of a meniscus..which produces externally colourless cells, which become rounded..and internally cork-cells, or phellem... The outer cells are distinguished as packing-cells.
1900 Bot. Gaz. 30 356 The closing layers are numerous, composed of rounded cells with many large intercellular spaces, and are like the packing cells (Füllzellen; cellules comblantes), but suberized.
packing density n. Computing the density of stored information in terms of bits per unit of storage medium.
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society > computing and information technology > hardware > [noun] > memory > properties of memory
read-around ratio1953
packing density1956
volatility1969
1956 M. V. Wilkes Automatic Digital Computers v. 188 A slightly better packing density..can be obtained by using special recording wire made by nickel-plating a non-ferrous wire.
2002 Internet Wire (Nexis) 11 Nov. Opening up a third dimension for integrated circuits creates new opportunities to increase chip performance, functionality and device packing density.
packing fraction n. Nuclear Physics the mass defect of an atomic nucleus divided by its mass number (or sometimes by its atomic weight), which effectively represents a measure of comparative nuclear stability (see quot. 1991).
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the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > [noun] > sum of protons and neutrons in mass > fraction
packing fraction1927
1927 F. W. Aston in Proc. Royal Soc. A. 115 501 The mean gain or loss of mass per proton when the nuclear packing is changed from that of oxygen to that of the atom in question..will be called the ‘packing fraction’ of the atom and expressed in parts per 10,000.
1991 H. J. Gray & A. Isaacs Dict. Physics (ed. 3) 404/1 The packing fraction..can be represented as a function of the mass number... Positive values indicate a tendency to instability.
packing needle n. = pack-needle n.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > packing, stuffing, or filling equipment > packing-needle
pack-needle1327
bat-needle1578
packing needle1597
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > sewing or ornamenting textile fabric > [noun] > sewing > equipment for > needle > types of
pack-needle1327
packing needle1597
Whitechapel needle1737
quadrille1818
blunt1833
sharps1834
darning-needle1848
between1849
ground-down1862
straw1862
darner1882
wool-needle1882
stocking needle1886
swing needle1954
1597 Table Valuation & Prices f. 8, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Pakking Pakind neidlis.
1662 in R. Pitcairn Criminal Trials (1833) III. 607 A sharp thing lyk a paking neidle.
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa VI. xlii. 164 Every cushion or chair I shall sit upon..till he return, will be stuffed with bolt-upright awls, bodkins, corking-pins, and packing-needles.
1862 M. T. Morrall Hist. Needle-making 16 Making sail and packing needles..by means of dies fixed in a stamp, after the manner of making buttons.
2001 Belfast News Let. (Nexis) 23 June 8 Hessian bags, the tops of which were securely sewn with binder twine and a packing needle.
packing note n. a document detailing the packing and contents of a consignment of goods.
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1942 Times 4 Mar. 9/1 In instances where there is difficulty in identifying the contents of packages with invoices the dispatch of packing notes..would largely overcome it.
2001 Precision Marketing 14 Dec. 19 Parcelforce is used to handling products that need to be returned, with a pre-printed slip enclosed as part of the packing note.
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the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > send away or dismiss > unceremoniously
to send packingc1450
trussa1500
to go (send, etc.) away with a flea in one's ear1577
to set packing1577
pack1589
ship1594
to send away with a fly in one's ear1606
to give a packing penny to1609
to pack off1693
to cut (also slip) the painter1699
to send about one's business1728
trundle1794
to send to the right about (also rightabouts)1816
bundle1823
to give the bucket to1863
shake1872
to give (a person) the finger1874
to give (a person) the pushc1886
to give (someone or something) the chuck1888
to give (someone) the gate1918
to get the (big) bird1924
to tie a can to (or on)1926
to give (a person) (his or her) running shoes1938
to give (someone) the Lonsdale1958
1609 B. Jonson Case is Alterd iii. sig. F2v Will you giue A packing penny to Virginity. View more context for this quotation
a1652 R. Brome Damoiselle iv. i, in Five New Playes (1653) Who would not have given this Money? Gentlemen, Dost not move you to give a packing penny?
1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words Packing-penny-day, the last day of the fair; when all the cheap bargains are to be had.
packing press n. a strong press used to compress goods into small bulk for ease of transport.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for altering dimensions > [noun] > press > other presses
rolling press1785
packing press1796
steam press1801
bench press1852
platen press1854
hot press1943
1796 A. Aikin Jrnl. 1 Aug. in Tour N. Wales (1797) 73 The wool..is then put under the packing press. Being formed into bales of different sizes,..it is usually sent either to London or Liverpool.
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 292 A very ingenious and useful packing-press has been invented by Mr. John Peek.
1999 Soybean Digest (Nexis) June Duralon bearings are used on cotton bale packing presses made by Fishburne International.
packing sheet n. (a) a sheet used for packing goods; (b) Medicine a sheet in which a patient is wrapped (cf. pack v.1 8b); (c) = packing note n.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > packing, stuffing, or filling equipment
pack-sheet1533
packing sheet1545
packer1846
shim1860
parcelling machine1875
stuffer1875
woolpacker1875
filler1895
bagger1896
shimmer-
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [noun] > packing or parcelling > equipment for packing > specific
pack-sheet1533
packing sheet1545
the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > other medical equipment > [noun] > hydrotherapy equipment
dry pump1632
pump1632
packing sheet1869
whirlpool1975
1545 Rates Custome House sig. cj Olde shetes called packinge shetes the dossen.
1869 R. T. Claridge Cold-water Cure 81 Had this gentleman been subjected to the Packing-sheet followed by Tepid-bathing.
1975 Times 9 Oct. 28/1 (advt.) Prime requirements are:..Thorough understanding of..supply transaction documents i.e. packing sheet, shipping manifest, [etc.].
2001 Music Trades (Nexis) 1 Oct. 72 A ‘Pad Pak’ machine that automatically spits out pre-measured, double-ply packing sheets.
packing station n. an official depot where goods (esp. foodstuffs) are processed and packed.
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the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping birds > poultry-keeping > [noun] > egg-packing depot
packing station1900
1900 Times 22 Nov. 7 Eggs from the most distant countries can be imported as fresh as when received at the most distant packing station.
1990 R. Staines Market Gardening vi. 85 Ideas have run along the lines of a mobile packing station which could be organised round an elevator.
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > other
mantlec1300
osset1346
packing whites1483
stammet1531
frison1562
maldy1588
sorting-cloth1593
celter1597
washer1613
grazet1696
frisoneer1700
caneva1885
1483 Act 1 Rich. III c. 8 §4 Eny Clothes called Pakkyng whites.
1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Aaa1 Packing whites. anno, I. R. 3. cap. 8.]
Derivatives
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1830 J. Bentham Extract Constit. Code 64 in Official Aptitude Maximized Should peradventure any packing-worthy occasion happen to taken [sic] place.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
packingn.2
/ˈpakɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈpækɪŋ/ The action of pack v.2; (now only) spec. the selection or making up of a jury, deliberative body, etc., in such a way as to further a particular end or influence a decision, vote, etc.
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the mind > will > intention > planning > plotting > [noun]
compassinga1300
contrivingc1330
undermining1433
imagininga1449
engininga1450
practising?1545
machinationc1550
packing1587
plotting1593
contrival1602
managing1607
tamperinga1627
practicking1640
texturea1641
contrivance1647
briguing1657
intrigue1668
intriguing1801
policizing1809
scheming1813
intriguery1815
schemery1822
plottery1823
shenanigan1855
game playing1916
shenaniganning1924
wheeler-dealing1968
wheeling and dealing1969
wheeling-dealing1973
the world > action or operation > ability > skill or skilfulness > cunning > [noun] > contrivance or machination
artc1300
enginec1300
compassc1320
governaila1382
subtletya1393
imaginement1543
machinationc1550
stratagem1561
designing1566
packing1587
Machiavellism1592
design1594
drifting1602
Machiavellianism1607
artifice1618
reach1641
contrivance1647
intrigue1668
designfulnessa1677
engineering1716
manoeuvring1786
scheme1790
intriguery1815
intriguing1841
footwork1902
game playing1916
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > deceit, deception, trickery > collusion, intrigue > [noun] > corrupt manipulation
packing1587
booty1608
barneying1846
1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) ii. ii. 149/2 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I Such packing..is vsed at elections, that..he that hath most friends,..is alwaies surest to speed.
1603 tr. Batchelars Banquet v. sig. E3 Then falls hee into a frantick vaine of Iealousie, watching his wiues close packing.
1614 J. Chamberlain Let. 3 Mar. (1939) I. 515 Here is much bustling for places in parlement, and letters flie from great personages extraordinarilie, wherin me thinckes they do the King no great service, seeing the world is apt to conceave that yt is a kind of packing.
1768 J. Dickinson Lett. from Farmer in Pennsylvania 51 Packing of juries has been frequently practised even in the capital of the British empiire.
1821 J. Bentham (title) The elements of the art of packing as applied to special juries, particularly in cases of libel law.
1884 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 July 1/1 The packing of Parliaments hardly secured to the Stuarts a perpetual lease of power.
1959 B. North & R. North tr. M. Duverger Polit. Parties (ed. 2) i. iii. 143 The packing of the electoral body on the one hand, the faking of votes on the other.
1995 Scotsman 18 Oct. 12/6 [He] accuses me..of ‘getting into a tizzy’ and ‘talking absolute tosh’, about his party's packing of selection committees.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
† packingadj.1
Obsolete. rare.
Engaged in fraudulent arrangement or shuffling of cards.
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society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > [adjective] > packing
packing1636
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > [adjective] > packing
packing1636
1636 W. Davenant Witts v. i. sig. Iv The nimble packing hand, the swift Disordred shuffille, or the slurr.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online December 2018).
packingadj.2
/ˈpakɪŋ/, U.S. /ˈpækɪŋ/ colloquial.
Habitually carrying a gun or other weapon (chiefly as the second element in compounds). Cf. pack v.1 9a.Frequently in pistol-packing: see pistol n. 2.
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society > armed hostility > warrior > armed man > [adjective] > habitually carrying weapon
packing1927
1927 Daily Northwestern 26 Jan. 6/2 The special prosecutor called the defendant a ‘pistol packing parson’.
1936 E. Ambler Dark Frontier xi. 174 How do you suppose we're going to stop a mob of eight dagger-packing Greeks?
1959 Times Lit. Suppl. 13 Nov. 664/4 He is forced into carrying a Luger-packing German entomologist on a hunt for a rare and mysterious beetle.
1971 W. F. Nolan Edge of Forever 12 An Oliver hero..is no zap-gun-packing rocket jockey who rescues hapless maidens from the clutch of tentacled Martians.
1994 N.Y. Times 27 Nov. v. 16/5 The higher the mountains grew and the longer the tunnels stretched, the more nervous our machinegun-packing guards became.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.11389
n.21587
adj.11636
adj.21927