outflown.adj.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtfləʊ/, U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌfloʊ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, flow n.¹

Etymology: < out- prefix + flow n.¹, after outflow v. or to flow out (see flow v.).

A. n.

1. An outward movement, efflux. Frequently figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > copious or continuous

gushingc1380

streaming1398

manation?a1425

pouring?a1425

outflowinga1586

effluence1628

effluxion1638

effluvium1651

efflux1651

outflow1785

beteeming1871

1785 R. Cumberland Observer No. 11. 73 The influx of foreigners, and the out-flow of natives, which the present peace will occasion.

1862 Sat. Rev. 13 640/2 The outflow of gold..is certain to continue and increase.

1896 Edinb. Rev. Jan. 108 A strong outflow of poetical feeling.

1927 J. P. Arendzen Whom do you Say? 281 Our soul is neither part nor outflow of the divine.

1955 Times 3 June 3/3 When the evening outflow started towards 5 p.m., in spite of staggering, there were blockages at the approaches of the bridges over the Thames.

1989 Investors Chron. 17–23 Mar. 39/3 The trusts have had to undergo serious outflows of money, such has been the lack of enthusiasm of UK investors for gold shares.

a. The action or fact of a liquid or fluid flowing or pouring out; an effluence.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [noun] > action or process of flowing > out or away

elapse1811

outflow1839

1839 H. T. De la Beche Rep. Geol. Cornwall xv. 519 The scouring effect..is diminished by the amount of friction on the sides and bottom which would have been due to this body of water on its out-flow.

1869 J. Phillips Vesuvius xi. 315 Now rising into sudden jets, then sinking into a difficult outflow.

1879 St. George's Hosp. Rep. 9 772 An opening which permitted the constant outflow of fluid.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 531/1 To the W. the river Alde broadens as if into an estuary, but its outflow is here prevented by the sand.

1992 Astron. Now July 38/2 As a comet moves in toward perihelion dust particles are carried away from the nucleus by the continual outflow of gases.

b. The (amount of) fluid or liquid flowing out.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [noun] > action or process of flowing > out or away > amount which

outflow1875

1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 610 In the first thirty-three hours the outflow..amounted to 26·45 cubic cm.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 247 The outflow of blood..has been seen to increase from two to six times.

1911 R. G. Anderson in 4th Rep. Wellcome Trop. Res. Lab. B. 253 By Blood-brotherhood is meant a mutual coalition... The rite..consists in incising the other's forehead..drinking the outflow of blood, smearing an adjacent lock of hair in its residue, and cutting this off to keep..in a neatly woven hair bag as a charm.

1992 Which? Oct. 5/3 Watch the outflow of your washing machine when it's running, to see if it uses the same drain.

c. A place where an outflow occurs, an outlet.

ΚΠ

1880 Philos. Trans. 1879 (Royal Soc.) 170 701 The Glen Roy lake having an established outflow into Glen Spey, there could be no rise in the water-level.

1896 Durham Arch. Trans. (1901) 26 A circular tank or cistern provided with an outflow or ‘sludge’-pipe at the bottom.

1974 J. McGahern Leavetaking i. 44 We walked singly on the beaten cliff path between heather until we came to the sewage outflow.

3. Meteorology. A horizontal outward flow of air from a thunderstorm or tropical cyclone, usually associated with a strong updraught or downdraught within the storm.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > movements and pressure conditions > [noun] > specific movements

eddy1815

air drainage1872

outflow1887

divergence1906

advection1910

1887 Science 22 Apr. 393/1 This compression causes the air near the earth's surface to tend outward in all directions from the centre of a thunder-storm; but the outflow in moving storms is only felt..on the front of the storm.

1901 New Eng. Mag. June 417/2 These ‘mare's tail's’..are carried along by the horizontal outflow of air at the top of the storm.

1951 H. Riehl in T. F. Malone Compend. Meteorol. 907 Air moves inward near the ground and upward in the central region of convergence, while the outflow is aloft.

2006 G. Pretor-Pinney Cloudspotter's Guide ii. 59 Ahead of the storm, riding on the front of the outflow of cool air, there can appear a dense shelf or roll of advancing cloud.

B. adj. (attributive).

Of or relating to an outflow.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [adjective] > going or coming out

outgoingOE

issuing1594

issuant1634

egredient1635

egressive1651

evolvingc1720

outrunning1853

outflow1898

1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 453 Inflow and outflow tubes to the water-jacket.

1923 N. Davey Stud. Tidal Power iv. 63 Taking the M.H.W. and M.L.W. areas of the estuary at Salcombe..the half-tide outflow system will utilise a mean average of 49% of the maximum volume of water above M.L.W.S. level.

1941 J. S. Huxley Uniqueness of Man I. 24 The outflow tube is, then, through the effector nerves, conveying impulses inward to the central nervous system from the sense-organs.

1987 New Yorker 23 Feb. 47/1 The gates slowly open, revealing the outflow channel that leads into old Old River.

Compounds

outflow boundary n. a surface marking the extremities of an outflow; (Meteorology) such a surface associated with the outflow of a thunderstorm (cf. gust front n. at gust n.¹ Additions).

ΚΠ

1960 Internat. Jrnl. Mech. Sci. 1 262 (heading) Theoretical outflow boundary chart.

1983 F. Sanders in D. K. Lilly & T. Gal-Chen Mesoscale Meteorol. 525 Satellite imagery can be used to track such outflow boundaries, even long after their parent convection has subsided.

1998 D. D. Knight in R. W. Johnson Handbk. Fluid Dynamics viii. 10 S is the tube wetted surface and the normal viscous stresses on the inflow and outflow boundary are neglected.

2000 C. J. Gorski & A. Farnsworth in C. D. Whiteman Mountain Meteorol. xiii. 270 Data..are used to update fire managers on the current status of thunderstorm development, outflow boundaries, and gust fronts from distant unseen thunderstorms.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

outflowv.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈfləʊ/, U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈfloʊ/

Forms: see out- prefix and flow v.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, flow v.

Etymology: < out- prefix + flow v.The word apparently became obsolete at the end of the Old English period and was re-formed in the 16th cent.

intransitive. To flow out.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > emit liquid [verb (intransitive)] > be emitted

outfloweOE

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] > copiously or continuously

flowc825

outfloweOE

outstreama1275

streama1300

boilc1300

welta1400

buschc1400

waltc1400

outwellc1443

pour1538

outgush1558

gush1577

outpour1581

spew1670

well1812

sluice1859

eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xxxviii. 279 Se wisa Salomon sæde þætte suiðe deop pol wære gewered on ðæs wisan monnes mode, & suiðe lytel unnyttes utfleowe.

OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xiv. 148 An ðæra cempena, mid cwealmbærum spere, his sidan geopenode, and of ðære utfleow, blod and wæter samod.

lOE Canterbury Psalter: Canticles v. 6 Confracti sunt montes vehementer et defluxerunt colles aeternales : gebrocene sindon dunæ swiþe & utfleowen hyllæ ecelecæn.

1559 T. Paynell tr. Erasmus Complaint of Peace sig. Fi He must nedes detest warre, where oute flowith the pumpe of all impiete.

c1580 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David xlii. ii My teares out-flowing.

a1711 T. Ken Edmund iv, in Wks. (1721) II. 91 To suck th' Effluviums which he smelt out-flow.

1824 T. Campbell Theodric 533 Shall bitterness outflow from sweetness past?

1895 Pope & People (Catholic Truth Soc., 1903) 177 From all this outflowed fortitude, self-control, constancy, [etc.].

1909 Daily Chron. 3 Mar. 5/7 Then outflowed a stream of facts and figures whose accumulated force swept the critics off their feet.

1987 Nature Sept. 12/3 Two strong Ca_I components in the interstellar absorption spectrum..moving at 170 km s⁻¹ where Ca_II is weak, and coming from a gas with a density 10⁹ cm⁻³ could lie in this circumstellar shell, outflowing at 100 km s⁻¹ from the supernova.

Derivatives

† outflown adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1640 Whole Bk. Psalmes: ‘Bay Psalm Bk.’ sig. T4 Let be knowne before our eyes, the vengeance of thy servants bloud out flowne.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	outflow
释义	outflown.adj. Brit. /ˈaʊtfləʊ/, U.S. /ˈaʊtˌfloʊ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, flow n.¹ Etymology: < out- prefix + flow n.¹, after outflow v. or to flow out (see flow v.). A. n. 1. An outward movement, efflux. Frequently figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > copious or continuous gushingc1380 streaming1398 manation?a1425 pouring?a1425 outflowinga1586 effluence1628 effluxion1638 effluvium1651 efflux1651 outflow1785 beteeming1871 1785 R. Cumberland Observer No. 11. 73 The influx of foreigners, and the out-flow of natives, which the present peace will occasion. 1862 Sat. Rev. 13 640/2 The outflow of gold..is certain to continue and increase. 1896 Edinb. Rev. Jan. 108 A strong outflow of poetical feeling. 1927 J. P. Arendzen Whom do you Say? 281 Our soul is neither part nor outflow of the divine. 1955 Times 3 June 3/3 When the evening outflow started towards 5 p.m., in spite of staggering, there were blockages at the approaches of the bridges over the Thames. 1989 Investors Chron. 17–23 Mar. 39/3 The trusts have had to undergo serious outflows of money, such has been the lack of enthusiasm of UK investors for gold shares. 2. a. The action or fact of a liquid or fluid flowing or pouring out; an effluence. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [noun] > action or process of flowing > out or away elapse1811 outflow1839 1839 H. T. De la Beche Rep. Geol. Cornwall xv. 519 The scouring effect..is diminished by the amount of friction on the sides and bottom which would have been due to this body of water on its out-flow. 1869 J. Phillips Vesuvius xi. 315 Now rising into sudden jets, then sinking into a difficult outflow. 1879 St. George's Hosp. Rep. 9 772 An opening which permitted the constant outflow of fluid. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 531/1 To the W. the river Alde broadens as if into an estuary, but its outflow is here prevented by the sand. 1992 Astron. Now July 38/2 As a comet moves in toward perihelion dust particles are carried away from the nucleus by the continual outflow of gases. b. The (amount of) fluid or liquid flowing out. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [noun] > action or process of flowing > out or away > amount which outflow1875 1875 A. W. Bennett & W. T. T. Dyer tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. 610 In the first thirty-three hours the outflow..amounted to 26·45 cubic cm. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 247 The outflow of blood..has been seen to increase from two to six times. 1911 R. G. Anderson in 4th Rep. Wellcome Trop. Res. Lab. B. 253 By Blood-brotherhood is meant a mutual coalition... The rite..consists in incising the other's forehead..drinking the outflow of blood, smearing an adjacent lock of hair in its residue, and cutting this off to keep..in a neatly woven hair bag as a charm. 1992 Which? Oct. 5/3 Watch the outflow of your washing machine when it's running, to see if it uses the same drain. c. A place where an outflow occurs, an outlet. ΚΠ 1880 Philos. Trans. 1879 (Royal Soc.) 170 701 The Glen Roy lake having an established outflow into Glen Spey, there could be no rise in the water-level. 1896 Durham Arch. Trans. (1901) 26 A circular tank or cistern provided with an outflow or ‘sludge’-pipe at the bottom. 1974 J. McGahern Leavetaking i. 44 We walked singly on the beaten cliff path between heather until we came to the sewage outflow. 3. Meteorology. A horizontal outward flow of air from a thunderstorm or tropical cyclone, usually associated with a strong updraught or downdraught within the storm. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > movements and pressure conditions > [noun] > specific movements eddy1815 air drainage1872 outflow1887 divergence1906 advection1910 1887 Science 22 Apr. 393/1 This compression causes the air near the earth's surface to tend outward in all directions from the centre of a thunder-storm; but the outflow in moving storms is only felt..on the front of the storm. 1901 New Eng. Mag. June 417/2 These ‘mare's tail's’..are carried along by the horizontal outflow of air at the top of the storm. 1951 H. Riehl in T. F. Malone Compend. Meteorol. 907 Air moves inward near the ground and upward in the central region of convergence, while the outflow is aloft. 2006 G. Pretor-Pinney Cloudspotter's Guide ii. 59 Ahead of the storm, riding on the front of the outflow of cool air, there can appear a dense shelf or roll of advancing cloud. B. adj. (attributive). Of or relating to an outflow. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [adjective] > going or coming out outgoingOE issuing1594 issuant1634 egredient1635 egressive1651 evolvingc1720 outrunning1853 outflow1898 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 453 Inflow and outflow tubes to the water-jacket. 1923 N. Davey Stud. Tidal Power iv. 63 Taking the M.H.W. and M.L.W. areas of the estuary at Salcombe..the half-tide outflow system will utilise a mean average of 49% of the maximum volume of water above M.L.W.S. level. 1941 J. S. Huxley Uniqueness of Man I. 24 The outflow tube is, then, through the effector nerves, conveying impulses inward to the central nervous system from the sense-organs. 1987 New Yorker 23 Feb. 47/1 The gates slowly open, revealing the outflow channel that leads into old Old River. Compounds outflow boundary n. a surface marking the extremities of an outflow; (Meteorology) such a surface associated with the outflow of a thunderstorm (cf. gust front n. at gust n.¹ Additions). ΚΠ 1960 Internat. Jrnl. Mech. Sci. 1 262 (heading) Theoretical outflow boundary chart. 1983 F. Sanders in D. K. Lilly & T. Gal-Chen Mesoscale Meteorol. 525 Satellite imagery can be used to track such outflow boundaries, even long after their parent convection has subsided. 1998 D. D. Knight in R. W. Johnson Handbk. Fluid Dynamics viii. 10 S is the tube wetted surface and the normal viscous stresses on the inflow and outflow boundary are neglected. 2000 C. J. Gorski & A. Farnsworth in C. D. Whiteman Mountain Meteorol. xiii. 270 Data..are used to update fire managers on the current status of thunderstorm development, outflow boundaries, and gust fronts from distant unseen thunderstorms. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). outflowv. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈfləʊ/, U.S. /ˌaʊtˈfloʊ/ Forms: see out- prefix and flow v. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, flow v. Etymology: < out- prefix + flow v.The word apparently became obsolete at the end of the Old English period and was re-formed in the 16th cent. intransitive. To flow out. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > emit liquid [verb (intransitive)] > be emitted outfloweOE the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] > copiously or continuously flowc825 outfloweOE outstreama1275 streama1300 boilc1300 welta1400 buschc1400 waltc1400 outwellc1443 pour1538 outgush1558 gush1577 outpour1581 spew1670 well1812 sluice1859 eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xxxviii. 279 Se wisa Salomon sæde þætte suiðe deop pol wære gewered on ðæs wisan monnes mode, & suiðe lytel unnyttes utfleowe. OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xiv. 148 An ðæra cempena, mid cwealmbærum spere, his sidan geopenode, and of ðære utfleow, blod and wæter samod. lOE Canterbury Psalter: Canticles v. 6 Confracti sunt montes vehementer et defluxerunt colles aeternales : gebrocene sindon dunæ swiþe & utfleowen hyllæ ecelecæn. 1559 T. Paynell tr. Erasmus Complaint of Peace sig. Fi He must nedes detest warre, where oute flowith the pumpe of all impiete. c1580 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David xlii. ii My teares out-flowing. a1711 T. Ken Edmund iv, in Wks. (1721) II. 91 To suck th' Effluviums which he smelt out-flow. 1824 T. Campbell Theodric 533 Shall bitterness outflow from sweetness past? 1895 Pope & People (Catholic Truth Soc., 1903) 177 From all this outflowed fortitude, self-control, constancy, [etc.]. 1909 Daily Chron. 3 Mar. 5/7 Then outflowed a stream of facts and figures whose accumulated force swept the critics off their feet. 1987 Nature Sept. 12/3 Two strong Ca_I components in the interstellar absorption spectrum..moving at 170 km s⁻¹ where Ca_II is weak, and coming from a gas with a density 10⁹ cm⁻³ could lie in this circumstellar shell, outflowing at 100 km s⁻¹ from the supernova. Derivatives † outflown adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1640 Whole Bk. Psalmes: ‘Bay Psalm Bk.’ sig. T4 Let be knowne before our eyes, the vengeance of thy servants bloud out flowne. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1785v.eOE
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