释义 |
outwithprep.adv.adj.Brit. /aʊtˈwɪð/, /aʊtˈwɪθ/, U.S. /ˌaʊtˈwɪð/, /ˌaʊtˈwɪθ/, Scottish English /ʌʊtˈwɪθ/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: out adv., with prep. Etymology: < out adv. + with prep. Compare inwith prep., adv., and n., and earlier without adv., prep., conj., and n.The β. forms apparently show loss of w- , but in some instances the vowel is not easily explained (perhaps compare Older Scots outh above, on top of); the γ. forms are apparently reduced from the β. forms. N.E.D. (1904) gives the pronunciation as (ɑu·tˌwiþ) /ˈaʊtwɪθ/. Now chiefly Scottish. A. prep. 1. Outside. c1175 (Burchfield transcript) l. 13116 Ȝho wat þatt ut wiþþ crisstenn dom Niss nohht tatt crist maȝȝ cwemenn. c1225 (?c1200) (1973) 2316 (MED) Þe king..bihefden hire utewið þe barren of þe burhe. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 20921 (MED) Birid his bod was þat tide Vt-wit þe toun apon þe est side. tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 317 The fundament enlarge hit half a foote Outwith the wough. a1500 (?a1400) (Harl. 3909) (1926) 7278 (MED) In Rome a monk ther was in sain Laurence abbay dwellyng outwith the walles of that cite. c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece iii. vii. f. 29/2 Takin vtouth thair munitionis. 1591 R. Bruce ii. sig. D5 Iesus Christ..out-with whome there is nather comfort nor consolatioun. 1640 133 The awners quhairof are outwith the kingdome. 1735 Session Papers in (1965) VI. (at cited word) Putting the Salt on board the Lighters, outwith the Supercargo's Presence. 1875 10 286 It is only probable that outwith this row there had been an outer course of piles. 1885 10 457 Any Court or tribunal outwith Scotland. 1947 H. Farmer 216 In music, there was but one name, John Abell (d. 1724), and he gained his fame outwith Scotland, to use the appropriate Scots word. 1972 G. Henderson vi. 232 Outwith history painting the image of the crucified Christ, as an evocation of the Passion and redemption, was slow to make itself felt. 1999 I. Rankin xvi. 124 All at once he'd wanted to buy a place there, but it had been too isolated for his wife—and outwith their means anyway. the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > out of [preposition] a1400 (Laud) (1932) 1111 (MED) Tytus after a tyme vmbe þe toun redeþ [read rideþ] Wyþ sixty speres of þe sege, segges a fewe, Alle outwith [v.r. a wey fro] þe ost. c1480 (a1400) St. Katherine 1104 in W. M. Metcalfe (1896) II. 474 Þe tyrand gert hir furth be had outhouth þe ȝeittis of þe cite. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour (Adv.) viii. 90 He but suerd his wayis raid Weill otowth [1487 otow; 1616 outwith] thaim. 1489 (a1380) J. Barbour (Adv.) viii. 448 Rycht as thai wald to Lanark far, Owtouth [1487 St. J. Cambr. Otow] quhar the enbuschyt war. 1553–4 in J. H. Burton (1877) 1st Ser. I. 155 Thai sall nocht evaid nor eschaip owtwith this burcht of Edinburch. 1705 in (1909) 2 309/1 It shall be leisum to them..to take themselves outwith the family. 1958 5 Dec. 8/7 Their value may also extend outwith the narrow sphere of medicine. 2001 21 July 3/1 People who were..talking on mobile phones without realising they were moving outwith lane markings..were..subjected to warnings. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 10346 (MED) Yitt samuel..And sampson..Bath þam bar tua wimmen geld Þat vte-wit birth o barn was teld. 1479 36/2 Gif ony personis..before or eftir, vtwith þe said iiij yeris [etc.]. a1525 J. Irland Of Penance & Confession in W. A. Craigie (1923) I. 72 Outwith tymes customable to ete & drink. c1600 in (1754) 272 Tuesday, recent spuilȝies outwith the time of vacance. 1978 21 Oct. 1/8 Attempts might be made..to promote the greater use of existing static caravan sites outwith the July/August period. 1998 31 Dec. 11/6 On Christmas Day and outwith these hours, arrangements to have urgent prescriptions dispensed may be made by 'phoning 701472. 2000 (Nexis) 7 Oct. 12 Strict conditions have been imposed by planners to ensure no deliveries outwith those hours. B. adv.the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > [adverb] > on the outside c1225 (?c1200) (Bodl.) (1940) 569 Hit ne fareð nawt swa, as weneð þet sið utewið. c1390 (?c1350) (1871) l. 186 Ihesu crist..was nout out-wiþ so cler bote wiþ-inne he was clene. c1400 (?c1380) 969 (MED) Vtwyth to se þat clene cloystor Þou may, bot inwyth not a fote. a1425 (a1400) (Galba & Harl.) (1863) 6669 (MED) Þe wikked sal outwith be glowand Thurgh hete..And with-in thurgh calde sharpe and kene, Als yse. a1500 (?a1390) J. Mirk (Gough) (1905) 196 (MED) Þe hyure þat þe fest ys, þe holyure most a prist be; þat ys, mor bysely serue his God, not only owtewyþ wyth sayng, but also ynwyth wyth holy thynkyng. c1520 M. Nisbet (1901) I. Mark iii. 32 Thi modere and thi brethire out~with seekis thee. c1600 (1825) 90 That thair interpryse sould nather be devulgat in the toune nor outwith [ed. 1804 outewith]. 1895 1 433 Bein' a hantle ootwith an' hearin' the maist o' fouk's stories. 1972 7 July 10/6 When we get a Minister of Transport with the courage to impose a 15 m.p.h. speed limit in built-up areas and a 45 m.p.h. limit outwith, only then will there be a decrease in casualties on our roads. 1990 T. McEwen (1991) ii. 60 It [sc. this room] is not of the castle but of the glens and hills and cottages outwith. the world > space > direction > specific directions > [adverb] > in outward direction or directed outwards ?c1225 (?a1200) (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 134 Holdeð ow feste inne..þe bodi..& þe heorte..For beo ha bitreped utewið. nis þer bute leade forð towart þe galcforke. 1532 in (1871) III. xx [The advocate to] pas outwyth wyth the party. c1540 (?a1400) 12201 This Ulixes..vtwith aunterit hym neuer With no course for to come, as a knight shuld. 1701 in R. Renwick (1908) IV. 321 To determine and mark out to him how far he is to come outwith. 1768 A. Ross ii. 78 Colin her father, who had outwith gane. 1871 W. Alexander xli. 290 The two being..only ‘freens fae the teeth ootwuth’. c1930 (1965) VI. (at cited word) [Aberdeenshire] Tak that trash awa' oot'ith a bit, an' burn't. 2020 J. P. Spence in 31 Oct. 16/6 As oo gan ootwith Masks wull look efter uz Beyond Halloween. †C. adj.the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > [adjective] c1225 (?c1200) (Bodl.) (1940) 637 (MED) Nis ha nawt i claðes, ne i feahunge utewið, þah hit beo merke þrof, & makunge oðer hwiles. a1250 Ureisun ure Louerde (Lamb.) in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 185 (MED) Nis nan blisse soþes inan þing þet is utewið þet ne beo to bitter aboht. c1400 (Simeon) (1950) 4 (MED) Nis no blisse otewiþ þat hit nis to deore a bouȝt, As hony þat me likkeþ on prikkynde þornes. c1440 in C. Horstmann (1895) I. 316 (MED) Thre maners of Ocupaciouns es owtwith, als in sere Ianglyng & mekill, in vtwith raykyng, & in mekill traualynge abowte werldly thynges. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < prep.adv.adj.c1175 |