outburstn.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtbəːst/, U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌbərst/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, burst n.

Etymology: < out- prefix + burst n., after outburst v. or to burst out (see burst v. 6).

a. An outbreak of violence, feeling, fervour, indignation, etc.; an angry or vehement utterance.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [noun] > bursting violently from rest or restraint > instance of

outbreakinga1387

breaking-out1552

outbreak1562

eruption1598

storm1602

out-breach1609

fulmination1623

outflying1641

outburst1657

float1763

overboiling1767

irruption1811

gush1821

outflash1831

outflush1834

shooting forth1837

outbursting1838

blow-off1842

outblaze1843

upburst1843

upthrow1855

upbreak1856

spurt1859

outlash1868

spitfire1886

Brock's benefit1948

1657 J. Trapp Comm. Job iii. 3 They repent of their out~bursts.

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. i. xii. 93 So have we seen fond weddings..celebrated with an outburst of triumph.

1860 ‘G. Eliot’ Mill on Floss II. iii. ii. 22 Tom was a little shocked at Maggie's outburst.

1927 A. H. McNeile Introd. New Test. vii. 212 Christians at the capital were still feeling the after-effects of Nero's mad outburst.

1991 Times Educ. Suppl. 8 Feb. 31/5 The spread of Aids has, especially in the more reptilian tabloids, triggered a fresh outburst of homophobia.

b. An outpouring of material, as water, gas, lava, etc.; an eruption of a volcano.

ΚΠ

1839 R. I. Murchison Silurian Syst. i. ii. 17 The presence of this zone of clay..is marked by the outburst of water.

1866 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 36 p. clxiii By comparing these with all subsequent outbursts of these several volcanoes,..we see how the activity along visible vents of eruption has successively diminished.

1931 H. S. Williams Bk. Marvels 50 In view of the solar ‘prominences’, which are great outbursts of flaming gases, it would appear to be a hazardous journey.

1965 R. Furneaux Krakatoa iii. 37 Its occasional ‘Plinian’ outbursts bring Vesuvius within the same classification as Krakatoa.

c. Astronomy. A sudden outpouring of light, energy, or particles from the sun, another star, or other celestial object; spec. a sudden increase in the flux of radio waves, microwaves, gamma rays, etc., typically of short duration.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > sun > solar activity > [noun] > solar radiation

outburst1859

noise storm1947

solar wind1958

solar plasma1962

wind1966

1859 R. C. Carrington in Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 11 Nov. 14 I..noted down the time by the chronometer, and seeing the outburst to be very rapidly on the increase..I hastily ran to call some one to witness the exhibition with me.

1879 Proc. Royal Soc. 29 45 The occasional more sudden outbursts of magnetic and sun-spot energy, extending sometimes over periods of several months, appear to occur nearly simultaneously.

1923 Pop. Astron. 31 289 (heading) A remarkable stellar outburst?

1947 Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 107 387 Besides steady noise and bursts, one can detect, rather rarely, sudden outbursts of radio noise, which last for a few minutes, fluctuating violently, and then disappear.

1971 J. S. Hey Radio Universe v. 108 The microwave outbursts, often called microwave Type IV, sometimes accompany large flares and are particularly interesting because of their association with solar cosmic rays.

1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 61/2 U Gem stars show outbursts of 2–5 magnitudes in amplitude at quasiregular intervals of a few weeks to a few months.

2000 New Scientist 1 Apr. 31/3 A satellite that would watch the whole sky for X-ray outbursts from microquasars.

2. Geology. An outcrop of a stratum of rock. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [noun] > stratum > position or direction of strata > outcrop

cropping1686

outburst1698

outbreak1714

crop-side1715

crop1719

outcrop1805

rock-head1835

nugget1844

blow1879

1698 W. Gilpin Let. 28 Feb. in D. R. Hainsworth Corr. J. Lowther (1983) 519 The great band which Rr L works on the moor has an outburst in them.

1708 J. C. Compl. Collier 2 in T. Nourse Mistery of Husbandry Discover'd (ed. 3) There is an Out-burst or an appearance above Ground, of some Vein of Coal.

1822 J. Flint Lett. from Amer. 60 The strata being horizontal, and the out-burst of the coal about the middle-steep of the hill.

1899 Science 19 May 708/1 An outburst of trap rock or of volcanic lava just such as have been discovered by geologists in great abundance.

1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 751/2 In the Dolomites of Tirol there are great outbursts of igneous rock, and faulting has occurred on an extensive scale.

Compounds

† outburst bank n. Obsolete rare the middle part of a sea embankment, acting as a barrier to waves which break over the top of the lower part of the embankment.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > embankment or dam > [noun] > sea-wall > middle part of

outburst bank1852

1852 J. Wiggins Pract. Embanking Lands 25 The outburst bank, 5 feet high and 8 feet wide at top, and with a slope of but 1½ to 1, because this part of the bank will have to sustain but a transient stress from the top of the tide.

1852 J. Wiggins Pract. Embanking Lands 123 The tide will not flow more than 10 feet at ordinary springs, in which case the main bank will not be more than 6 feet in height, and the outburst and swash banks 4 feet more.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

outburstv.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbəːst/, U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbərst/

Inflections: Past tense and past participle outburst;

Forms: see out- prefix and burst v.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch utebersten , utebarsten (Dutch uitbarsten , uitbersten ), Middle Low German ūtbersten , Old High German ūzbrestan (Middle High German ūzbresten ), Old Swedish utbrista < the Germanic base of out- prefix + the Germanic base of burst v. Compare to burst out (see burst v. 6).

Now poetic.

intransitive. To burst out.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > be violent [verb (intransitive)] > burst violently from rest or restraint

abreakOE

outburstOE

outbreaka1450

reboil1477

to break forth1535

burst1542

to break out1574

go1583

fulminate1630

break1693

lasha1716

to rage out1720

rip1856

outflame1890

OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1900) II. 392 An leo utbærst ut of þære leona pearruce.

?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 5 Þa bula, þe becwyx [read betwyx] felle and flæsce arisað and on mannes anwlytan utbersteþ swa grete swa beane.

c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 990 (MED) An ȝollen mote þu so heȝe, Þat ut berste [a1300 Jesus Oxf. ut tobersten] bo þin eȝe.

c1300 St. Kenelm (Laud) 348 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 355 (MED) Riȝt ase heo þat vers radde, out-borsten [a1325 Corpus Cambr. out borste] boþe hire eiȝe.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 1088 A sikyng of his hert oute brast.

?a1425 Constit. Masonry (Royal 17 A.i) l. 761 in J. O. Halliwell Early Hist. Freemasonry in Eng. (1844) 39 Suche worde myȝht ther outberste, That myȝht make the sytte yn evel reste.

a1500 De Passione in Laudate (1935) 13 45 (MED) Thei corouned him with thornes that on ilkaside of the..skynne the blode oute brest.

1568 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. ix. 124 Their boiling malice that lay hid In rageing sort outbrast.

1688 W. Scot True Hist. Families ii. 59 Till like a Storm his toothless thoughts out-burst.

1743 A. Hill Fanciad ii. 14 Out-bursting here, fierce Roars, with Roars combin'd, Mix'd their clash'd Curses, wild as fighting Wind.

1826 T. Aird Murtzoufle iii. iv. 63 The secret shall outburst, and it shall be A dreadful warning to rebellious children.

1883 Harper's Mag. Feb. 352/2 Outbursting on a sky of steel and ice, the baffled sun stabs wildly at the gale.

1985 O. Broumas Black Holes, Black Stockings 49 The greens grass, outburst toward the sky, the fig tree dances with Matisse.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	outburst
释义	outburstn. Brit. /ˈaʊtbəːst/, U.S. /ˈaʊtˌbərst/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: out- prefix, burst n. Etymology: < out- prefix + burst n., after outburst v. or to burst out (see burst v. 6). 1. a. An outbreak of violence, feeling, fervour, indignation, etc.; an angry or vehement utterance. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [noun] > bursting violently from rest or restraint > instance of outbreakinga1387 breaking-out1552 outbreak1562 eruption1598 storm1602 out-breach1609 fulmination1623 outflying1641 outburst1657 float1763 overboiling1767 irruption1811 gush1821 outflash1831 outflush1834 shooting forth1837 outbursting1838 blow-off1842 outblaze1843 upburst1843 upthrow1855 upbreak1856 spurt1859 outlash1868 spitfire1886 Brock's benefit1948 1657 J. Trapp Comm. Job iii. 3 They repent of their out~bursts. 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. i. xii. 93 So have we seen fond weddings..celebrated with an outburst of triumph. 1860 ‘G. Eliot’ Mill on Floss II. iii. ii. 22 Tom was a little shocked at Maggie's outburst. 1927 A. H. McNeile Introd. New Test. vii. 212 Christians at the capital were still feeling the after-effects of Nero's mad outburst. 1991 Times Educ. Suppl. 8 Feb. 31/5 The spread of Aids has, especially in the more reptilian tabloids, triggered a fresh outburst of homophobia. b. An outpouring of material, as water, gas, lava, etc.; an eruption of a volcano. ΚΠ 1839 R. I. Murchison Silurian Syst. i. ii. 17 The presence of this zone of clay..is marked by the outburst of water. 1866 Jrnl. Royal Geogr. Soc. 36 p. clxiii By comparing these with all subsequent outbursts of these several volcanoes,..we see how the activity along visible vents of eruption has successively diminished. 1931 H. S. Williams Bk. Marvels 50 In view of the solar ‘prominences’, which are great outbursts of flaming gases, it would appear to be a hazardous journey. 1965 R. Furneaux Krakatoa iii. 37 Its occasional ‘Plinian’ outbursts bring Vesuvius within the same classification as Krakatoa. c. Astronomy. A sudden outpouring of light, energy, or particles from the sun, another star, or other celestial object; spec. a sudden increase in the flux of radio waves, microwaves, gamma rays, etc., typically of short duration. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > sun > solar activity > [noun] > solar radiation outburst1859 noise storm1947 solar wind1958 solar plasma1962 wind1966 1859 R. C. Carrington in Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 11 Nov. 14 I..noted down the time by the chronometer, and seeing the outburst to be very rapidly on the increase..I hastily ran to call some one to witness the exhibition with me. 1879 Proc. Royal Soc. 29 45 The occasional more sudden outbursts of magnetic and sun-spot energy, extending sometimes over periods of several months, appear to occur nearly simultaneously. 1923 Pop. Astron. 31 289 (heading) A remarkable stellar outburst? 1947 Monthly Notices Royal Astron. Soc. 107 387 Besides steady noise and bursts, one can detect, rather rarely, sudden outbursts of radio noise, which last for a few minutes, fluctuating violently, and then disappear. 1971 J. S. Hey Radio Universe v. 108 The microwave outbursts, often called microwave Type IV, sometimes accompany large flares and are particularly interesting because of their association with solar cosmic rays. 1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 61/2 U Gem stars show outbursts of 2–5 magnitudes in amplitude at quasiregular intervals of a few weeks to a few months. 2000 New Scientist 1 Apr. 31/3 A satellite that would watch the whole sky for X-ray outbursts from microquasars. 2. Geology. An outcrop of a stratum of rock. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > sedimentary formation > [noun] > stratum > position or direction of strata > outcrop cropping1686 outburst1698 outbreak1714 crop-side1715 crop1719 outcrop1805 rock-head1835 nugget1844 blow1879 1698 W. Gilpin Let. 28 Feb. in D. R. Hainsworth Corr. J. Lowther (1983) 519 The great band which Rr L works on the moor has an outburst in them. 1708 J. C. Compl. Collier 2 in T. Nourse Mistery of Husbandry Discover'd (ed. 3) There is an Out-burst or an appearance above Ground, of some Vein of Coal. 1822 J. Flint Lett. from Amer. 60 The strata being horizontal, and the out-burst of the coal about the middle-steep of the hill. 1899 Science 19 May 708/1 An outburst of trap rock or of volcanic lava just such as have been discovered by geologists in great abundance. 1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 751/2 In the Dolomites of Tirol there are great outbursts of igneous rock, and faulting has occurred on an extensive scale. Compounds † outburst bank n. Obsolete rare the middle part of a sea embankment, acting as a barrier to waves which break over the top of the lower part of the embankment. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > land mass > shore or bank > embankment or dam > [noun] > sea-wall > middle part of outburst bank1852 1852 J. Wiggins Pract. Embanking Lands 25 The outburst bank, 5 feet high and 8 feet wide at top, and with a slope of but 1½ to 1, because this part of the bank will have to sustain but a transient stress from the top of the tide. 1852 J. Wiggins Pract. Embanking Lands 123 The tide will not flow more than 10 feet at ordinary springs, in which case the main bank will not be more than 6 feet in height, and the outburst and swash banks 4 feet more. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). outburstv. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbəːst/, U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbərst/ Inflections: Past tense and past participle outburst; Forms: see out- prefix and burst v. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch utebersten , utebarsten (Dutch uitbarsten , uitbersten ), Middle Low German ūtbersten , Old High German ūzbrestan (Middle High German ūzbresten ), Old Swedish utbrista < the Germanic base of out- prefix + the Germanic base of burst v. Compare to burst out (see burst v. 6). Now poetic. intransitive. To burst out. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > be violent [verb (intransitive)] > burst violently from rest or restraint abreakOE outburstOE outbreaka1450 reboil1477 to break forth1535 burst1542 to break out1574 go1583 fulminate1630 break1693 lasha1716 to rage out1720 rip1856 outflame1890 OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1900) II. 392 An leo utbærst ut of þære leona pearruce. ?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 5 Þa bula, þe becwyx [read betwyx] felle and flæsce arisað and on mannes anwlytan utbersteþ swa grete swa beane. c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 990 (MED) An ȝollen mote þu so heȝe, Þat ut berste [a1300 Jesus Oxf. ut tobersten] bo þin eȝe. c1300 St. Kenelm (Laud) 348 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 355 (MED) Riȝt ase heo þat vers radde, out-borsten [a1325 Corpus Cambr. out borste] boþe hire eiȝe. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 1088 A sikyng of his hert oute brast. ?a1425 Constit. Masonry (Royal 17 A.i) l. 761 in J. O. Halliwell Early Hist. Freemasonry in Eng. (1844) 39 Suche worde myȝht ther outberste, That myȝht make the sytte yn evel reste. a1500 De Passione in Laudate (1935) 13 45 (MED) Thei corouned him with thornes that on ilkaside of the..skynne the blode oute brest. 1568 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. ix. 124 Their boiling malice that lay hid In rageing sort outbrast. 1688 W. Scot True Hist. Families ii. 59 Till like a Storm his toothless thoughts out-burst. 1743 A. Hill Fanciad ii. 14 Out-bursting here, fierce Roars, with Roars combin'd, Mix'd their clash'd Curses, wild as fighting Wind. 1826 T. Aird Murtzoufle iii. iv. 63 The secret shall outburst, and it shall be A dreadful warning to rebellious children. 1883 Harper's Mag. Feb. 352/2 Outbursting on a sky of steel and ice, the baffled sun stabs wildly at the gale. 1985 O. Broumas Black Holes, Black Stockings 49 The greens grass, outburst toward the sky, the fig tree dances with Matisse. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1657v.OE
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