单词 | overcut |
释义 | overcutn.ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > [noun] > straight or direct > short cut the (occasionally your, etc.) next wayc1330 cut1577 near cut1612 short cut1619 overcut1636 cross-cut1800 cut-off1806 quick cut1890 1636 in Rec. Early Hist. Boston (1877) II. 13 All the ground lying betweene the twoe brooks..and soe to the other end unto shortest overcut beyond the hill towards the north west. 2. A cut or blow made from above; a cut made to an upper surface. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > cutting > [noun] > a cut or incision garse?c1225 chinea1387 slit1398 incisionc1400 slivingc1400 raising?a1425 scotchc1450 racec1500 tranchec1500 kerf?1523 hack1555 slash1580 hew1596 raze1596 incutting1598 slisha1616 scar1653 lancementa1655 slap1688 slip1688 nick1692 streak1725 sneck1768 snick1775 rut1785 sliver1806 overcut1874 1874 Appletons' Jrnl. 24 Oct. 535/3 The sparks showered from their blades until W——, by an overcut, laid open Ortega's sword-arm. 1877 J. A. Phillips From Bad to Worse 125 Most tremendous blows did he bestow on the unoffending bolster, now with the right hand, now with the left; straight from the shoulder, under cuts, overcuts, all kinds of cuts. 1883 Harper's Mag. Jan. 202/1 A big two-handed saw [was] set at work to make the overcut. 3. Mining. A cut at or near roof level in a seam. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > mine > [noun] > other places in mine work1474 firework1606 stemple1653 stool1653 bink1675 engine pit1687 swamp1691 feeder1702 wall1728 bag1742 sill1747 stope1747 rose cistern1778 striking-house1824 plat1828 stemplar1828 screen chamber1829 offtake1835 footwall1837 triple pit1839 stamp1849 paddock1852 working floor1858 pit house1866 ground-sluice1869 screen tower1871 planilla1877 undercurrent1877 mill1878 blanket-sluice1881 stringing-deal1881 wagon-breast1881 brushing-bed1883 poppet-leg1890 slippet1898 stable1906 overcut1940 1940 Trans. Inst. Mining Engin. 99 55 When the undercut is in coal, the importance of effective shovelling may be less, but it must always remain to give freedom of working to the machine, and it is only when an intermediate or overcut is taken that it is unnecessary. 1960 J. Sinclair Winning Coal vi. 170 When overcuts at a greater height are required..a hydraulic turret machine..is generally most satisfactory. 1983 Engin. & Mining Jrnl. Jan. 28 The mine is operated on two main levels—1130, the overcut, and 1070, the undercut. 4. Engineering. In electrochemical machining: the distance between the outside surface of the cathode and the side of the cut in the part being machined. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > electrolysis > [noun] > electrochemical machining overcut1965 1965 New Scientist 5 Aug. 336/2 If the voltage is allowed to fluctuate, the size of the overcut will fluctuate, and it becomes impossible to machine parts to close tolerances. 1974 J. A. McGeough Princ. Electrochem. Machining v. 146 The amount of overcut can be diminished by several devices, including insulation along the external side walls of the cathode. 1984 E. P. DeGarmo et al. Materials & Processes in Manuf. (ed. 6) xxvi. 715 The distance between the surface of the electrode and the surface of the workpiece represents the overcut and is equal to the length of the spark. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). overcutadj. That has been cut too much; overharvested; (of text) excessively abridged. ΚΠ 1940 Amer. Econ. Rev. 30 274 Her railroads are physically in a bad shape; her forests are overcut. 1950 I. Kolodin New Guide Recorded Mus. 79 There are some imperfections of processing which result in audible flaws—overcut grooves, for one thing. 1974 Social Forces 52 419/2 Too many of the papers are repetitious, overlong, or overcut. 1996 Amer. Hist. Rev. 101 573/2 The deforestation of the region by the 1890s reduced grazing lands... Promoters now called for new migrants to the overcut Wiregrass Country. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). overcutv. 1. ΚΠ 1860 Sci. Amer. 24 Mar. 204/2 Said combination is so arranged as that the heel or butt end of one cutting edge over-cuts the point or toe of the advance share. b. transitive. To cut or engrave so as to cover or efface (an earlier mark). ΚΠ 1946 Trans. & Proc. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 77 199 (note) This is either a ligature of E and I, or Σ or E overcut H. 1962 Harvard Stud. Classical Philol. 66 5 It is not possible to determine which figure overcuts which. 1974 Jrnl. Rom. Stud. 64 211 Two letters have been over-cut, Η rather badly over Α in the word we have interpreted as ἤς. 1992 Coin Monthly Feb. 6/1 Sometimes the coin's date shows evidence of one number superimposed upon another..because of..a need to overcut the date from a previous year's dies. 2. transitive. Forestry. To harvest (timber) at an unsustainably high rate. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > forestry or arboriculture > lumbering > [verb (transitive)] > fell timber > to excess slaughter1896 overcut1897 1897 Garden & Forest 16 June 233/1 It has happened repeatedly that a family has brought suit against the member in possession, charging him with overcutting the forests. 1906 W. Schlich Man. Forestry (ed. 3) I. v. 75 Private owners are inclined to favour their own monetary interests to the disadvantage of future generations by overcutting..their forests. 1938 Times 14 Nov. 20/5 Excessive increase in taxation has caused owners to overcut, neglect to replant, and cling to their land hoping for better times. 1945 C. L. Lundell in F. Verdoorn et al. Plants & Plant Sci. Lat. Amer. 272/1 Accessible areas of the forest have been overcut ruthlessly. 1995 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 21 Dec. b5/3 Southern U.S. producers have been overcutting their saw timber for years. 3. intransitive. U.S. To accumulate an excessive number of unexcused absences from classes, chapel services, etc., esp. in violation of an institution's attendance policy. Also transitive. Now rare. Cf. cut v. 33c. ΚΠ 1903 ‘J. Webster’ When Patty went to College xv. 276 Chapel excuses. I've over-cut four times,—I think it's four, though I've rather lost count,—and I haven't any excuse. 1908 N.Y. Times 27 Sept. i. 8/2 According to the new rules, all students except seniors absent from more than one-tenth of the exercises in any course shall not be entitled to take examinations in that course... Freshmen, sophomores, juniors, and special students who have overcut must give written explanation of every absence. 1951 S. King Consecrated Eminence v. 93 Most of us in each college generation came to his attention, either because of some boyish prank or for financial reasons, or because we had overcut chapel or class. 1981 S. A. Brown in Black Amer. Lit. Forum 15 24/2 I had overcut and consecutively, and Dean Howes said, ‘Mr. Brown, you have got to go. You have got to be suspended.’ 4. transitive. Mining. To cut (a seam) at or near roof level. Also intransitive. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > mining > mine [verb (transitive)] > cut (coal) > specific method hole1829 pool1839 undercut1883 underhole1891 overcut1907 plough1950 1907 Trans. Inst. Mining Engin. 31 387 So far as the machine is concerned, it will overcut as well as undercut. 1947 Trans. Inst. Mining Engin. 106 18 The first seam to be overcut with a machine designed specially for roof-forming was the Cockshead Seam in North Staffordshire. 1986 Engin. & Mining Jrnl. (Nexis) June 58 Stopes are overcut and undercut at 30-m intervals along dip, while the width depends on the dimensions of the orebody. 5. intransitive. To cut or produce a groove in a gramophone record with such amplitude as to run into an adjacent groove. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > [verb (intransitive)] > cut or produce groove which runs into next groove overcut1935 1935 H. C. Bryson Gramophone Rec. iv. 73 For sounds of constant absolute intensity over the frequency range of 30–250, all the sounds have an equal tendency to over-cut. 1962 W. R. Wellman High Fidelity Home Mus. Syst. (ed. 2) viii. 175 When a recording is made, it is possible for the recording stylus to ‘overcut’, or run into an adjacent groove. 6. transitive. To cut or trim more than is usual or desirable. Also intransitive. ΚΠ 1948 Words into Type (Appleton-Century-Crofts Inc., N.Y.) 538 Printing is said to bleed when the margins are overcut in trimming and the printing mutilated. 1955 R. Bainer Princ. Farm Machinery x. 217 The blade tends to overcut the high spots and overfill with loose dirt in the low spots, which are desirable features. 2002 Jrnl. Amer. Dental Assoc. 133 103 There is an obvious trend in the dental literature and in continuing education courses to promote overcutting teeth when preparing them for restorations. Derivatives ˈoverˌcutter n. Mining a machine for overcutting a seam. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > equipment > mining equipment > [noun] > coal-cutting machines iron man1827 overcutter1946 plough1946 cutter-loader1948 shearer1956 trepanner1956 1946 Trans. Inst. Mining Engin. 106 21 An overcutter was required to cut at 4 ft. 1998 Tunnels & Tunnelling Internat. (Nexis) July 16 The overcutters for excavating the outermost 500mm are stored inside the spokes of the auxiliary TBM. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1636adj.1940v.1860 |
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