ornithinen.

Brit.

/ˈɔːnᵻθiːn/, U.S.

/ˈɔrnəˌθin/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: ornitho- comb. form, -ine suffix⁵.

Etymology: < ornitho- comb. form + -ine suffix⁵, after German Ornithin (M. Jaffe 1878, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 11 407), so called because of its isolation from birds' excrement; compare slightly earlier German Ornithursäure ornithuric acid (see ornithuric acid n. at ornithuric adj.). N.E.D. (1903) gives the pronunciation as (ǭ·ɹniþəin) /ˈɔːnɪθʌɪn/.

Biochemistry.

A crystalline, basic amino acid synthesized in the body and involved in protein metabolism; 2,5-diaminopentanoic acid, H₂N(CH₂)₃CH(NH₂)COOH.

ΚΠ

1878 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 34 585 For the base, C₅H₁₂N₂O₂, previously obtained by the author from birds' excrement, the name of ornithine is suggested.

1908 Science 30 Nov. 248/2 Arginase..has the power of effecting the hydrolysis of arginine, with production of urea and ornithine.

1946 Nature 9 Nov. 655/2 Speculation in the past has favoured proline and ornithine as possible forerunners of the tropane alkaloids.

1982 M. Perutz in I wish I'd made you Angry Earlier (2002) 297 Krebs made his first great discovery, the ornithine cycle of urea synthesis, in 1931 and 1932.

1988 P. W. Kuchel et al. Schaum's Outl. Theory & Probl. Biochem. xv. 432 Both ornithine, which is a homologue of lysine, and citrulline are l-amino acids, but neither has a genetic codon.

Compounds

ornithine carbamoyltransferase n. (also ornithine carbamyltransferase) an enzyme involved in the urea cycle that brings about the reaction of ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate to form citrulline and orthophosphate.

ΚΠ

1957 P. Reichard in Acta Chem. Scand. 11 524 The name ornithine carbamyl transferase is proposed for this enzyme.

1991 Saudi Med. Jrnl. 12 347/2 With reference to the liver, zinc deficiency leads to decreased levels of ornithine carbamoyl transferase (OCT), an enzyme required for detoxification of ammonia and synthesis of urea.

ornithine decarboxylase n. an enzyme that brings about the decarboxylation of ornithine to putrescine and carbon dioxide.

ΚΠ

1940 Biochem. Jrnl. 34 408 Ornithine decarboxylase formation increases rapidly with decreasing pH of the growth environment.

1992 C. A. Smith & E. J. Wood Biosynthesis vi. 130 Because of the association between rapidly proliferating cells and polyamines, many ornithine decarboxylase inhibitors have been synthesized as potential antitumour agents.

ornithine transcarbamylase n. (also ornithine transcarbamoylase) = ornithine carbamoyltransferase n.

ΚΠ

1957 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 229 343 The increasing instability of ornithine transcarbamylase with purification has prevented a study of the physical properties of the enzyme at this time.

1991 Amer. Jrnl. Human Genetics 49 1208/1 Male patients with multiple X-linked disorders that..lead to..ornithine transcarbamoylase deficiency.

1998 Jrnl. Inherited Metabolic Dis. 21 Suppl. 40 Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTCase) deficiency, the most common inherited urea cycle disorder, is transmitted as an X-linked trait.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ornithine
释义	ornithinen. Brit. /ˈɔːnᵻθiːn/, U.S. /ˈɔrnəˌθin/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation; modelled on a German lexical item. Etymons: ornitho- comb. form, -ine suffix⁵. Etymology: < ornitho- comb. form + -ine suffix⁵, after German Ornithin (M. Jaffe 1878, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 11 407), so called because of its isolation from birds' excrement; compare slightly earlier German Ornithursäure ornithuric acid (see ornithuric acid n. at ornithuric adj.). N.E.D. (1903) gives the pronunciation as (ǭ·ɹniþəin) /ˈɔːnɪθʌɪn/. Biochemistry. A crystalline, basic amino acid synthesized in the body and involved in protein metabolism; 2,5-diaminopentanoic acid, H₂N(CH₂)₃CH(NH₂)COOH. ΚΠ 1878 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 34 585 For the base, C₅H₁₂N₂O₂, previously obtained by the author from birds' excrement, the name of ornithine is suggested. 1908 Science 30 Nov. 248/2 Arginase..has the power of effecting the hydrolysis of arginine, with production of urea and ornithine. 1946 Nature 9 Nov. 655/2 Speculation in the past has favoured proline and ornithine as possible forerunners of the tropane alkaloids. 1982 M. Perutz in I wish I'd made you Angry Earlier (2002) 297 Krebs made his first great discovery, the ornithine cycle of urea synthesis, in 1931 and 1932. 1988 P. W. Kuchel et al. Schaum's Outl. Theory & Probl. Biochem. xv. 432 Both ornithine, which is a homologue of lysine, and citrulline are l-amino acids, but neither has a genetic codon. Compounds ornithine carbamoyltransferase n. (also ornithine carbamyltransferase) an enzyme involved in the urea cycle that brings about the reaction of ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate to form citrulline and orthophosphate. ΚΠ 1957 P. Reichard in Acta Chem. Scand. 11 524 The name ornithine carbamyl transferase is proposed for this enzyme. 1991 Saudi Med. Jrnl. 12 347/2 With reference to the liver, zinc deficiency leads to decreased levels of ornithine carbamoyl transferase (OCT), an enzyme required for detoxification of ammonia and synthesis of urea. ornithine decarboxylase n. an enzyme that brings about the decarboxylation of ornithine to putrescine and carbon dioxide. ΚΠ 1940 Biochem. Jrnl. 34 408 Ornithine decarboxylase formation increases rapidly with decreasing pH of the growth environment. 1992 C. A. Smith & E. J. Wood Biosynthesis vi. 130 Because of the association between rapidly proliferating cells and polyamines, many ornithine decarboxylase inhibitors have been synthesized as potential antitumour agents. ornithine transcarbamylase n. (also ornithine transcarbamoylase) = ornithine carbamoyltransferase n. ΚΠ 1957 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 229 343 The increasing instability of ornithine transcarbamylase with purification has prevented a study of the physical properties of the enzyme at this time. 1991 Amer. Jrnl. Human Genetics 49 1208/1 Male patients with multiple X-linked disorders that..lead to..ornithine transcarbamoylase deficiency. 1998 Jrnl. Inherited Metabolic Dis. 21 Suppl. 40 Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTCase) deficiency, the most common inherited urea cycle disorder, is transmitted as an X-linked trait. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1878
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