orientaladj.n.
/ˌɔːrɪˈɛntl/, /ˌɒrɪˈɛntl/, U.S. /ˌɔriˈɛn(t)l/ A. adj.† 2. Situated in the eastern part of a country or place, located in the Orient; easterly. Obsolete.
1. Of or in the eastern part of the sky; (Astronomy and Astrology, of a planet) seen before sunrise or in the eastern part of the sky. Now rare.In quot. c1400 with reference to an astrolabe.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the universe > sky, heavens > [adjective] > east
orientalc1400
the world > the universe > heavenly body > [adjective] > visibility
occidentalc1400
orientalc1400
c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Brussels) (1940) i. §5. f. 76 v Which lyne..is clepid the est lyne, or ellis the lyne oriental.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. v. sig. D7v The golden Orientall gate Of..heauen gan to open..And Phoebus..Came dauncing forth.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 305 His [sc. the sun's] ascendent and orientall radiations. View more context for this quotation
1647 W. Lilly Christian Astrol. xix. 114 To be Orientall is no other thing then to rise before the ☉.
1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 411 On the oriental and occidental halves of the enlightened hemisphere of that planet.
1835 ‘Zadkiel’ Lilly's Introd. Astrol. App. 340 Planets found between the fourth house and the mid-heaven, rising, are in the eastern half of the figure, and said to be oriental.
1991 E. S. Connell Alchymist's Jrnl. (1992) 92 Three superior planets dance about, now stationary, now direct..slow, swift, oriental or occidental, gracefully undulant.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > East > [adjective]
eastereOE
easteOE
eastwardeOE
easterlyOE
eastenlOE
easterna1398
orientalc1425
orient?c1450
Levant1601
easternly?a1606
eastwardlya1613
Levantine1649
Eoan1820
eastwards1838
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) i. 256 (MED) Þer wer to hym brouȝt Tidynges newe..Of a mervaille that newly was fal Besyde Troye, the plage oriental.
a1513 J. Irland Meroure of Wyssdome (1965) II. 78 Mony trowis that jt [sc. Paradis] js vndir the cirkile equenoxiale, drawand to þe orientale and est part of that climat.
a1532 R. Thorne in R. Hakluyt Diuers Voy. (1582) sig. B3 All the Indies which we call Orientall.
1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie xii. 26 A kennell ought to be placed in some orientall parte of a house.
1610 A. Willet Hexapla in Danielem 67 The diuision of the Romane Empire into the Occidentall and Orientall.
1669 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. I i. xii. 81 Mount Hermon..the most oriental part of al Canaan.
a1706 J. Evelyn Direct. for Gardiner (1932) 17 Oriental, Eastward.
3.
a. Originally: belonging to, occurring in, or characteristic of the countries or regions lying to the east of the Mediterranean, the ancient Roman Empire, or the early Christian world; of or relating to the Near, Middle, or Far East. Now: esp. of or relating to East Asia.Use of oriental in this sense to designate a person is now usually avoided; cf. sense B. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Far East > [adjective]
oriental?c1425
easterly1549
Asian-like1850
Far-Eastern1888
the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > East > [adjective] > character
oriental?c1425
?c1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Paris) (1971) 109 (MED) Take..saffran oriental [L. croci orientalis].
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 70 In the parties orientall is an yle.
c1484 (a1475) J. de Caritate tr. Secreta Secret. (Takamiya) (1977) 190 One was a wyse man or a wycche of þe Est..Þis oryental wycche, or wyse man, rode vppon a mwle.
1590 C. Marlowe Tamburlaine: 1st Pt. sig. Dv The Persean Fleete..Sailing along the Orientall sea, Haue fetcht about the Indian continent.
1630 R. Brathwait Eng. Gentleman 258 The Alexandrian, and all the Orientall Histories.
1695 J. Evelyn Diary 23 Nov. (1955) V. 224 There dined with us the Bishops of Lichfild, Lincoln, Norwich: Dr. Cowell the greate oriental Traveler & divers others.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 512. ¶5 A Turkish Tale, which I do not like the worse for that little Oriental Extravagance which is mixed with it.
1772 W. Jones Poems Pref. p. v A comparison between the Oriental and Italian poetry.
1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 9 564 The oriental leprosy, of which Egypt seems to have been the native land.
1815 M. Elphinstone Acct. Kingdom Caubul ii. iv. 192 The Pushtoo..is..not unpleasing to an ear accustomed to oriental tongues.
1874 ‘G. Eliot’ Let. 10 Dec. (1956) VI. 99 We can resolve to study the Semitic languages and apply to an Oriental scholar to give us daily lessons.
1907 G. B. Shaw John Bull's Other Island Pref. p. lviii Officials who, after years of oriental service, have lost the familiar art of concealing their terrors.
1920 G. Bell Let. 17 Oct. (1927) II. xix. 563 So I decided at once to invest myself with the duties of Oriental Secretary, there being no one else in the office who knows Bagdad.
1936 Stage June 58/1 In the Far East only the dirt, the odours, and the theatres are still largely Oriental.
1970 P. Buck China as I see It vii. 112 When Japan talks about an entente of Oriental nations, she is talking good sense.
1991 Western Living Mar. 93/1 (advt.) The Panasonic Massage Lounger combines electronic technology with the ancient Oriental art of Shiatsu.
2000 Fairlady (Cape Town) 21 June 114/2 Paan, sold by an Indian street vendor, caught our attention in Fordsburg... Look out for paan in oriental markets.
b. Of or relating to Eastern Christendom; spec. of, relating to, or designating (now usually in Oriental Orthodox Churches) those Orthodox churches distinguishing themselves from the Eastern Orthodox Church by their rejection of the Christological teaching of the Definition of Chalcedon. See also orthodox adj. 3.
ΚΠ
a1540 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 365/1 Priests in ye orientall Church.
1679 P. Rycaut Present State Greek Church Pref. The four Oriental Patriarchs.
1839 Biblical Repertory 11 203 While the oriental church continued..to enjoy this great advantage, the western church..began to lose it.
1897 A. V. G. Allen Christian Inst. 378 The error against which the Oriental church has guarded is Deism, the separating of God from man.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 854/2 A vestment akin to the amice is also worn in the Armenian and some other oriental churches, but is unknown to the Orthodox Eastern Church.
1975 Internat. Migration Rev. 314 So too do the Oriental Orthodox churches..though less is known about these than about European Orthodoxy.
2000 Ecumenical Rev. 52 111 The term ‘Protestant’ is sometimes used..as a shorthand reference to the churches in the World Council which are not part of either the Eastern or Oriental Orthodox tradition.
c. Of or designating any of several aromatic varieties of tobacco traditionally grown and sun-cured in Turkey and the Balkans.
ΚΠ
1839 T. Forster Philozoia p. vi I..proceeded, amidst the sweet fumes of Oriental tobacco, to consider the various subjects which are treated of..in the following pages.
1878 Freemason's Chron. 24 Aug. 135/2 Bros. W. and C. Page..are achieving great and well-deserved success with their celebrated ‘Oriental Mixture’, which, for purity, fragrance and richness of aroma, surpasses any tobacco which we have.
1911 Encycl. Brit. XV. 9/1 Experiments hitherto made show that the cultivation of Oriental tobacco may profitably be extended in Italy.
2001 Tobacco Situation & Outlook Yearbk. (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 6 General imports of Oriental leaf surged by 60 percent and flue-cured..gained 20 percent.
4. Of a precious stone, esp. a pearl: superior in brilliancy or lustre; = orient adj. 1a. Formerly also gen.: †= orient adj. 1b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > reflection > [adjective] > lustrous or shining with reflected light
browna1000
brightOE
cleara1300
slighta1300
burnedc1384
burnishedc1400
orientc1400
orientalc1450
sheeningc1480
refulgenta1500
silken1513
lustrantc1550
glossy1556
crisp1567
lustring1582
shiny1590
of shine1601
glossful1606
lustry1610
lustrousa1616
nitent1616
illustriousa1626
polished1649
lustrious1651
sheeny1673
shining1674
splendy1683
glazy1724
smolt1837
lustreful1843
lustred1858
sheened1920
c1450 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Prol. 221 Of o perle fyn, oriental, Hire white coroune was ymaked al.
a1475 (?a1350) Seege Troye (Harl.) (1927) 1490a (MED) The helme was ryche, for the nons, I-sette abowte with precious stonys, With rubies and safers orientall, With Cassedowns grete and small.
c1500 (a1449) J. Lydgate Isopes Fabules (Trin. Cambr.) 26 in Minor Poems (1934) ii. 567 Perlys whyte, clere, & orientall Ben oft founde in muscle shells blake.
1584 W. Barrett in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) i. 221 Some dozen of very faire Emeraulds oriental.
1693 Sir R. Redding in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 17 661 The in-sides of the shells are of an Oriental and Pearly Colour.
1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 289 Those that possess this varying splendor are called Oriental opals, though they are not found in the East.
1857 J. D. Dana Man. Mineral. (new ed.) 160 The largest oriental ruby known was brought from China to Prince Gargarin, governor of Siberia.
1977 J. B. Hilton Dead-nettle i. 7 She pawned for two guineas..a fifteen carat bracelet, inset with oriental pearls.
1986 G. Clark Symbols of Excellence (BNC) 75 Rubies, along with emeralds, oriental sapphires and pearls were used to enrich the brooches and gold crowns owned by Edward I's wife.
B. n. Frequently with capital initial.† 3. In plural. Oriental languages. Obsolete.
1. A precious stone, esp. an oriental pearl.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > [noun] > oriental
orientalc1400
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. ii. 14 Diamantz of derrest pris, and double manere safferes: Orientales and ewages.
1750 tr. C. Leonardus Mirror of Stones 84 Cornelian is a stone of a reddish or ruddy colour, and such are Orientals.
1969 P. O'Donnell Taste for Death ix. 119 She ran a finger across the pearls... ‘These are Orientals, from the Persian Gulf; these..are Madras.’
2. † a. An inhabitant of the east of England. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
c1450 (?c1425) E. Hull tr. Seven Psalms (1995) 165 Holy Seynt Edmond that was kynge of oryentalys.
a1475 (a1447) O. Bokenham Mappula Angliae in Englische Studien (1887) 10 31 (MED) Þe Saxoyne or Englyssh toungue..is remaynyd but in a fewe vplondyssh peeple, þe oryentalis, þat is to sayne, þe Est-ynglyssh men.
b. A native or inhabitant of the Orient, esp. East Asia. Now offensive.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of specific region > [noun] > eastern people > person
easternOE
orientalc1484
Easterling1536
orientalist1720
c1484 (a1475) J. de Caritate tr. Secreta Secret. (Takamiya) (1977) 191 (MED) ‘Qwat if an offens or wronge be donne to þe?’ To home þis oriental, ‘I knowe that God is in heuyn.’
1685 tr. P. Nicole & A. Arnauld Logic x. 227 Therefore these Propositions are true, the French are valiant; the Italians are jealous; the Germans are tall, the Orientals are voluptuous.
1701 N. Grew Cosmol. Sacra iv. i. §26 The Jews, and all the Orientals, took all those Prophecies..in a Literal Sense.
1811 J. Black tr. A. von Humboldt Polit. Ess. New Spain I. 38 These land ships, as they are called by the orientals, hitherto exist only in the province of Caraccas.
a1853 F. W. Robertson Serm. (1857) 3rd Ser. iii. 39 The Oriental prostrates himself upon the ground.
1864 J. H. Burton Scot Abroad I. ii. 97 A solemn, bearded, turbanded, and robed Oriental.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 549/2 The policy of fusing Greeks and Orientals again is diversely judged.
1984 J. F. Lamb et al. Essent. Physiol. (ed. 2) iv. 75 Different races have slightly different proportions of Rh positive, for example, Caucasians 85 percent, Orientals 99 percent.
1999 T. Parsons Man & Boy (2000) xx. 169 You can't say Orientals any more. It's considered insulting—like Negro or stewardess.
c. Any of certain varieties of fancy pigeon originating in Asia.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > birds > perching birds > order Columbiformes (pigeons, etc.) > domestic pigeon > [noun] > other types
porcelainc1530
turn-pate1611
light horseman1661
runt1661
smiter1668
helmet1676
mammet1678
Cortbeck1688
turbit1688
turner1688
dragoon1725
finicking1725
Leghorn1725
nun1725
owl1725
petit1725
trumpeter1725
horseman1735
Mahomet1735
barbel1736
turn-tail1736
frill-back1765
blue rock1825
beard1826
ice pigeon1829
toy1831
black1839
skinnum1839
splash1851
whole-feather1851
spangle1854
swallow1854
shield1855
stork pigeon1855
Swabian1855
yellow1855
archangel1867
dragon1867
starling1867
magpie1868
smerle1869
bluette1870
cumulet1876
oriental1876
spot fairy1876
turbiteen1876
blondinette1879
hyacinth1879
Modena pigeon1879
silver-dun1879
silverette1879
silver-mealy1879
swift pigeon1879
Victoria1879
visor1879
ice1881
swallow pigeon1881
velvet fairy1881
priesta1889
frill1890
1876 R. Fulton Illustr. Bk. Pigeons xii. 195 Like some of our British ‘top sawyers’, so it is with the Orientals; the best bit occurs at or shortly before the drop-scene.
1926 National Geographic Mag. Jan. 105/1 The Orientals have outstripped both the Turbit and the Owl in the race for popularity, and, without disparaging the others, appear to be entitled to the esteem they have won.
2004 www.wod.com 21 Jan. (O.E.D. Archive) Orientals are patterned, bar or check, with an abundance of kite or bronze coloring.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Sino-Tibetan > [noun]
orientals1672
Oriental language1822
Sino-Tibetan1931
1672 H. Dodwell Two Lett. Advice ii. vi. 194 Those Tongues..derived from it [sc. the Hebrew tongue], as most of the Orientals are.
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 473. ⁋1 I heard a young Man..comfort himself in his Ignorance of Greek, Hebrew, and the Orientals.
1744 R. North & M. North Life Sir D. North & Rev. J. North 255 Latin, and the Vernaculars Westward,..carry nearly the same Idiom; but the Orientals and Greek partake not so much of them.
4. = Oriental Lowestoft n. at Compounds 2.Also known as Chinese Lowestoft and Chinese Export Porcelain.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > porcelain > imported oriental
oriental1863
Oriental Lowestoft1949
1863 W. Chaffers Marks & Monograms Pottery & Porcelain 134 Brameld. This mark is in red, on porcelain vases, in imitation of Oriental.
1873 C. Schreiber Jrnl. (1911) I. 201 A collection of choice specimens of Oriental.
1926 S. T. Warner Lolly Willowes i. 11 An amateur of china, who had dowered all his nieces..with Worcester, Minton, and Oriental.
5. An oriental carpet or rug; a design characteristic of one of these.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > pattern or design > [noun] > types of pattern or design generally
Morisk1341
Moresque1458
arabesque1656
Morisco1728
all-over1808
Moresco1823
shawl-pattern1838
repeat pattern1851
repeat1855
unit1855
styling1867
counterchange1888
oriental1897
mosaicking1923
scenic1956
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > carpet > Oriental
oriental carpet1868
oriental rug1878
oriental1897
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > carpet > Oriental > type of design or colouring
oriental1938
1897 Sears, Roebuck Catal. No. 104. 220/2 Extra Fine Lace Back Suspenders... A magnificent assortment of patterns. Persians, Orientals, Dresdens.
1938 I. Goldberg Wonder of Words v. 91 The noun oriental has ceased, or half-ceased, to mean a rug woven in the Orient; it has come to mean a rug of a certain design and coloring.
1986 R. Ford Sportswriter iii. 63 My own house represents other aims, with its..full magazine racks, faded orientals.
Compounds
C1.
Oriental-looking adj.
ΚΠ
1832 C. Darwin Diary 6 Jan. (1988) 20 The oriental-looking Churches.
1964 P. F. Anson Bishops at Large viii. 281 This long-bearded, oriental-looking prelate.
1997 Current Anthropol. 38 433/1 Olmec jade carvers had somewhat different cannons, producing slightly ‘Oriental’-looking figurines.
C2. † Oriental jacinth n. Obsolete = Oriental hyacinth n.† oriental medlar n. Obsolete rare the azarole, Crataegus azarolus, native to western Asia, southern Europe, and northern Africa.
oriental alabaster n. = onyx marble n. at onyx n. and adj. Compounds 2.
ΚΠ
1756 Philos. Trans. 1755 (Royal Soc.) 49 109 Columns of..oriental alabaster.
1998 A. Claridge Oxf. Archaeol. Guide to Rome 384 The bust of Commodus, deified as Hercules, in Italian marble on a pedestal of oriental alabaster.
oriental amethyst n. (also †amethyst oriental) a violet gemstone which is a variety of corundum resembling amethyst.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > corundum gemstones > [noun] > others
topaza1272
topazionc1305
topaz-stone1488
oriental amethyst1586
1586 Edinb. Test. XVI. f. 205, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Amatist Ane Amiatist orientall estimat to the soume of x li.
1605 J. Mosan tr. C. Wirsung Gen. Pract. Physick at Iacinth It is a pretious stone of a light violet colour. It is called an orientall, or Bohemish Amethist.
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Oriental Oriental Amethysts are found in Calecut and Bisnagar.
1874 H. M. Westropp Man. Precious Stones 16 The violet variety of corundum is termed the oriental amethyst. It may be distinguished from the ordinary amethyst by its superior brilliancy.
1984 N. N. Greenwood & A. Earnshaw Chem. of Elements (1986) vii. 273 Larger crystals, when coloured with metal-ion impurities, are prized as gemstones, e.g...oriental amethyst (CrIII/TiIV violet).
oriental carpet n. a hand-knotted carpet or rug made in the Orient to one of various distinctive designs; a similar carpet or rug made elsewhere.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > carpet > Oriental
oriental carpet1868
oriental rug1878
oriental1897
1868 C. L. Eastlake Hints Househ. Taste 267/2 Oriental carpets.
1997 Slavic Rev. 56 669 To show her devotion, the central character (Aina) tried to stitch Stalin's portrait into the fabric of an oriental carpet.
Oriental cockroach n. the common cockroach, Blatta orientalis, originally from Asia but now found throughout temperate regions.
ΚΠ
1862 T. W. Harris Treat. Insects Injurious to Vegetation (ed. 3) 145 The Oriental cockroach (Blatta orientalis)..is supposed to have originated in Asia.
1928 Sci. Monthly Oct. 343/1 The Oriental cockroach (Blatta orientalis) and the American cockroach..do not thrive as well in this latitude as further south.
1989 Encycl. Brit. III. 423/2 The Oriental cockroach..is considered one of the filthiest of household pests.
Oriental despotism n. a particularly oppressive form of despotic government, thought historically to be characteristic of Asian politics, esp. those of the Ottoman and Chinese Empires; (as a count noun) any regime operating through this form of government.
ΚΠ
1776 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall I. vi. 148 Rome was..humbled beneath the effeminate luxury of oriental despotism.
1876 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Tom Sawyer v. 56 A good, generous prayer it was,..: it pleaded for..the oppressed millions groaning under the heel of European monarchies and Oriental despotisms.
1963 Slavic Rev. 22 645 Professor Wittfogel..recognizes the marginal or ‘peripheral’ status of Russia as an Oriental despotism.
1991 R. Oliver Afr. Experience (1993) xii. 146 Islamic influence..added some of the gorgeous paraphernalia of oriental despotism, notably the state umbrella.
oriental emerald n. a green gemstone which is a variety of corundum resembling emerald.
ΚΠ
1802 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 92 244 I have not yet seen any of the green stones, or oriental emeralds, in which the green colour was perfectly pure and brilliant, as it appears in the true emerald.
1887 Science 28 Jan. 97/2 Besides rubies, sapphires, topaz, and oriental emeralds were also found.
1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) III. 495/1 Gem corundum of other colors..may be named after other gems with the prefix oriental, for example, oriental topaz (yellow) and oriental emerald (green).
Oriental hellebore n. the Lenten rose, H. orientalis.
ΚΠ
1879 J. S. Hibberd Familiar Garden Flowers 1st Ser. 155 The Oriental hellebore..is strikingly handsome, the flowers being large, of a soft rose-colour.
1992 Oldie 21 Feb. 49/3 For years I have dreamed of the day when oriental hellebores would carpet the ground under my Turkey oak.
2007 Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, Virginia) (Nexis) 7 Jan. f3 Oriental hellebores will be starting to bloom soon. For the best flower display, cut back the old foliage so the blossoms will really shine.
Oriental hyacinth n. now rare the common hyacinth, Hyacinthus orientalis, native to western Asia.
ΚΠ
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball ii. xlviii. 206 The Oriental Hyacinthes do flower before the common sort.
1865 A. J. H. Duganne Camps & Prison xxxiv. 323 The sweet-jonquil, (Narccissus odorus,) the oriental hyacinth.
1872–3 Chambers's Encycl. 387/2 The Oriental Hyacinth, so commonly cultivated in windows, is at all times perceptibly fragrant.
ΚΠ
1659 R. Lovell Παμβοτανολογια 236 English Jacinth. K[inds] as the hare-bells, white, blew orientall,..orientall with leaves on the stalk, double flowred orientall, [etc.].]
1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 59 in Sylva Oriental-Jacynth, Levantine-Narcissus.
1728 R. Bradley Dict. Botanicum (at cited word) Hyacinthus orientalis vulgaris diversorum colorum, the ordinary Oriental Jacinth.
Oriental Jew n. a Jewish person from the east, esp. from Yemen, Ethiopia, Iraq, or India.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > Semite > [noun] > Jew > of specific area
the Dispersion1382
Oriental Jew1659
diaspora1694
Polack1834
Ashkenazim1839
Hebraist1892
Litvak1892
Peruvian Jew1897
Tudesco1897
halutzim1921
Yemenite1926
Ostjuden1934
Sabra1945
Yekke1950
refusenik1973
1659 B. Walton Considerator Considered 127 The Oriental and Occidental Jews.
1854 S. G. Goodrich Hist. Nat. 190/2 The accounts of the Oriental Jews, at this early period, are so obscure, or so nearly fabulous, that they may be passed over.
1998 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 28 May 30/1 The largest community of immigrants is made up of ‘Oriental’ Jews, mostly from North Africa.
Oriental language n. [compare French langues orientales (1610–30)] (in plural) those languages spoken in Oriental countries.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Sino-Tibetan > [noun]
orientals1672
Oriental language1822
Sino-Tibetan1931
1642 T. Fuller Holy State ii. vii. 73 As for the..Orientall languages, he rather makes sallies and incursions into them, then any solemn sitting down before them.
1738 Gentleman's Mag. Mar. 166/2 Rev. Mr. Hunt, Chaplain to the E. of Macclesfield, and a perfect Master of the Oriental languages.
1822 M. Edgeworth Let. 23 Jan. (1971) 334 We have just walked to see Hertford College... There are eight professors—two for classical literature—three Oriental languages, [etc.].
1998 Amer. Hist. Rev. 103 37 With five European languages accepted as official, and papers presented in ‘oriental’ languages as well, the congress was also a ‘tower of Babel.’
Oriental Lowestoft n. a hard-paste porcelain formerly imported to Europe from China in the 18th and early 19th centuries, and erroneously thought to be made at Lowestoft.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > porcelain > imported oriental
oriental1863
Oriental Lowestoft1949
1866 W. Chaffers Marks & Monograms Pottery & Porcelain (ed. 2) 317 There is such a peculiarity in the form and quality of the Lowestoft porcelain that we are surprised any one at all conversant with..collections of china, could ever mistake it for Oriental.]
1949 G. Savage Ceramics for Collector ii. 41 The former belongs to the ‘Oriental Lowestoft’ or ‘East Indian China’ group.
1974 G. Savage & H. Newman Illustr. Dict. Ceramics 208 Oriental Lowestoft, an erroneous term, first given currency by W. Chaffers.., for the enormous quantity of porcelain made in the 18th century in China for export to Europe.
2003 Cincinnati Enquirer (Nexis) 4 Jan. 3 Further proof that old legends die hard is the fact that for years Chinese Export porcelain was referred to as ‘Oriental Lowestoft’.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > thorny berry-bush > [noun] > hawthorn and allies
hawthorna700
hawthorn-treec1290
whitethorna1300
haw-treec1325
albespyne?a1425
thorn-tree1483
mespilus1548
may-branch1560
quickthorn1571
hedge-bush1576
busket1579
May-bush1579
Neapolitan medlar1597
azarole1658
pyracanth1664
white bush1676
Glastonbury thorna1697
quick1727
evergreen thorn1731
blackthorn1737
whitethorn1788
oriental medlar1797
haw1821
May-haw1840
Maythorn1844
May1848
pear thorn1848
pink thorn1852
aronia thorn1882
scarlet thorn1882
black haw1897
1797 Encycl. Brit. V. 513/2 [Cratægus Azarolus, variety] the oriental medlar.
oriental plane n. (also oriental plane tree) a plane tree native to south-eastern Europe and Asia Minor, Platanus orientalis.
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1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Platanus Platanus; Orientalis, verus,... The true Oriental Plane-Tree.
1791 W. Gilpin Remarks Forest Scenery I. 48 Two noble trees of the same kind, both naturalized in England—tho from different extremes of the globe—the occidental and the oriental plane.
1874 Atlantic Monthly Dec. 683/2 The Oriental plane is a tree of nearly the same kind, only its leaves are more palmated, and it has less disposition to overshadow the ground.
1940 E. Step Wayside & Woodland Trees 81 The London Plane is said to be a hybrid between the Oriental Plane (P. orientalis) and the Western Plane (P. occidentalis).
1996 Chiltern Seeds Catal. 191 Oriental Plane. Cultivated in England since the early 16th century, this species, with its large, glossy green leaves, is one of the most magnificent of all large trees.
oriental poppy n. a perennial poppy native to western Asia, Papaver orientale, with scarlet flowers; (also) any of the many cultivated varieties of this plant.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > poppy and allied flowers > allied flowers
poppyOE
horned poppy1548
yellow poppy1548
sea poppy1562
garden poppy1577
wind-rose1597
prickly poppy1648
squatmore1691
oriental poppy1731
Welsh poppy1731
infernal fig1760
Mexican poppy1811
Meconopsis1836
redcap1846
horn-poppy1851
squirrel-corn1856
eschscholtzia1857
dielytra1864
Dicentra1866
yellow thistle1866
turkey-corn1884
Shirley poppy1886
1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I Papaver; Orientale... Very rough Oriental Poppy, with a large Flower.
1834 N. Amer. Rev. Jan. 59 An oriental Poppy has been observed, which had 3 sepals, 6 petals, and 564 stamens, that is 94 ranks of 6.
1882 Garden 8 Apr. 230/3 The large Oriental Poppy.
1906 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 78 389 Plate 20, is one obtained from the paper on which an Auricula flower has been squeezed, and..is from an Oriental poppy.
1963 W. Blunt Of Flowers & Village 139 I think the oriental poppy..is the most exciting of them all.
2001 OG Nov. 34 Oriental poppies (P. orientale) are true perennials: They grow back every year from their own roots... Oriental poppies usually have scarlet, crimson, or orange-red flowers.
oriental rug n. = oriental carpet n.
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > floor-covering > [noun] > carpet > Oriental
oriental carpet1868
oriental rug1878
oriental1897
1878 H. James Europeans II. v. 185 The lower hall stretched away at the foot of the stairs, half covered over with a large Oriental rug.
1996 Jrnl. Consumer Res. 23 51/2 Don't think of the new Oriental rug as a household expenditure, think of it as an investment.
oriental sore n. Medicine the protozoal disease cutaneous leishmaniasis, esp. when acquired in South or East Asia; (also) the nodular, ulcerated sore that is the primary lesion of this disease.
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the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > eruptive diseases > [noun] > Aleppo button
mal1732
Aleppo button1832
Baghdad button1832
Biskra button1832
Delhi sore1860
oriental sore1877
1877 T. R. Lewis & D. D. Cunningham (title) The ‘Oriental Sore’, as observed in India.
1911 Science 4 Aug. 134/1 After the malaria problems were cleared up, discoveries of other protozoan diseases followed in quick succession. Kala azar, dum dum fever, oriental sore and allied diseases of the far east.
1969 R. D. G. Simons & J. Marshall Ess. Trop. Dermatol. 187 Various synonyms are used for oriental sore, depending on the region in which it is found.
2001 N. Jones Rough Guide Trav. Health ii. 271 Cutaneous leishmaniasis... (Aleppo Boil, Baghdad boil, Baure ulcer, Delhi boil, Oriental sore, Tropical sore).
oriental stitch n. Needlework (now rare) a long straight stitch across an area to be filled, secured with a short diagonal stitch in the centre.
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > sewn or ornamented textile fabric > [noun] > embroidery or ornamental sewing > stitch > other
chain-stitch1598
French knot1623
picot1623
petty-point1632
tent-stitch1639
brede-stitch1640
herringbone stitch1659
satin stitch1664
feather-stitch1835
Gobelin stitch1838
crowfoot1839
seedingc1840
German stitch1842
petit point1842
long stitch1849
looped stitch1851
hem-stitch1853
loop-stitch1853
faggot stitch1854
spider-wheel1868
dot stitch1869
picot stitch1869
slip-stitch1872
coral-stitch1873
stem stitch1873
rope stitch1875
Vienna cross stitch1876
witch stitch1876
pin stitch1878
seed stitch1879
cushion-stitch1880
Japanese stitch1880
darning-stitch1881
Kensington stitch1881
knot-stitch1881
bullion knot1882
cable pattern1882
Italian stitch1882
lattice-stitch1882
queen stitch1882
rice stitch1882
shadow-stitch1882
ship-ladder1882
spider-stitch1882
stem1882
Vandyke stitch1882
warp-stitch1882
wheel-stitch1882
basket-stitch1883
outline stitch1885
pointing1888
bullion stitchc1890
cable-stitchc1890
oriental stitchc1890
Turkish stitchc1890
Romanian stitch1894
shell-stitch1895
saddle stitch1899
magic stitch1900
plumage-stitch1900
saddle stitching1902
German knot stitch1903
trellis1912
padding stitch1913
straight stitch1918
Hungarian stitch1921
trellis stitch1921
lazy daisy1923
diamond stitchc1926
darning1930
faggot filling stitch1934
fly stitch1934
magic chain stitch1934
glove stitch1964
pad stitch1964
c1890 Weldon's Pract. Needlework VI. No. 68. 6 Oriental stitch..closely resembles herringbone in the method of working, and forms a solid plait upon the surface of the material.
1900 L. F. Day & M. Buckle Art in Needlewk. 66 Oriental-stitch, sometimes called ‘Antique-stitch’, is a stitch in three strokes, just as feather-stitch is a stitch in four.
Oriental studies n. the study of Oriental cultures, languages, history, etc., esp. as an academic discipline.
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1684 J. Strype in J. Lightfoot Wks. I. p. xxiii They carried deep and Learned enquiries about difficulties of Scripture, or doubts in their Oriental Studies.
1845 Asiatic Jrnl. & Monthly Misc. 4 38 Increasing importance is attached to Oriental studies in their Universities and Colleges, as a branch of general education.
1907 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. 11 339 The field of the new journal is the Aegean Islands, Asia Minor, the Semitic countries and Egypt... It promises to be an important addition to the literature of Oriental studies.
2010 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 28 Mar. a26 Ms. Anthony received a bachelor's degree in Oriental studies, with a concentration in Japanese.
oriental topaz n. a yellow gemstone which is a variety of corundum.
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1802 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 92 244 The oriental gem of this colour is called the oriental topaz.
1932 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 32 535 The same difficulty was encountered with Al2O3 as small crystals, one crystal of oriental topaz, and as the precipitate from aluminum chloride solution by means of ammonium hydroxide.
1989 Encycl. Brit. XVIII. 467/1 The oriental topaz (a corundum) and citrine quartz are also widely used [in jewelry].
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.c1400