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单词 osmund iron
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osmund iron
1. A type of high-quality iron formerly produced in the Baltic region from bog iron ore, imported in very small bars or rods, and used for the manufacture of arrowheads, fish hooks, etc., and for hardening the edges of tools and weapons. Also osmund iron. Hence more widely: any iron produced from bog iron ore.
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society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > type of iron > bar-iron > types of
osmund1295
ozimus1550
nail-rod1774
bolt-iron1793
hoop-iron1820
hooping1823
mill bar1839
larget1852
wire iron1952
1295 in Antiquaries Jrnl. (1927) 7 428 (MED) In..viii. garbis ferri quod dicitur Osemund.
1324–5 in N. S. B. Gras Early Eng. Customs Syst. (1918) 379 (MED) Idem Petrus pro ferro de osmund.
1348 in M. T. Löfvenberg Contrib. Middle Eng. Lexicogr. & Etymol. (1946) 72 (MED) [The small pieces of iron called] bakyren, wrymond [and] osmond.
a1399 in W. G. Benham Oath Bk. Colchester (1907) 8 (MED) Osemund, j barel, j d.
c1450 Treat. Fishing in J. McDonald et al. Origins of Angling (1963) 147 Ye schall make your hokes of steyl & of osmonde.
1479 W. Worcester Itineraries (Corpus Cambr. 210) (1969) 192 Revel..ibi est coper, osmond, gold syluer.
1488 Act 3 Hen. VII c. 9 §1 Other Stuff as Lynen Cloth..osmonde Iren Flax and Wax.
a1500 Tracts Eng. Weights & Meas. 18 in Camden Misc. (1929) XV (MED) Osmundus is sold by the barrell..xij barrell Osmond is a last in byenge and sellynge, and xiij barrell is a schyppe laste to freyte.
1594 Compt Bk. D. Wedderburne (1898) 132 To wair 8 gudlenis on pes or osmond iron.
1618 Compt Bk. D. Wedderburne (1898) 300 The good ship..loadit with twentie sexe last osemund irone.
1753 W. Maitland Hist. Edinb. iii. 248 For every cwt of Osmond brought into Leith 8 pennies.
1823 Mechanic's Mag. 27 Sept. 71 Comparative strength of Metals..Bar [Iron] 8·492, Oosement bar 8·142, Cable 7·752.
1864 J. Percy Metall.: Iron & Steel 619 Descriptions of other processes, such as the Sulu process, the Osemund process..will be found in various treatises.
1898 R. Åkerman in Jrnl. Iron & Steel Inst. No. 2. 9 In certain very remote parts of the country osmund iron, though in rather small quantity, was still produced from bog ore up to the end of the last century.
1932 Econ. Hist. Rev. 4 12 The Swedish iron made upon this direct process came to be called Osmound (Osmund) iron, a word of unknown origin.
1959 Economica 26 24 (caption) Prices of osmund iron, bricks, lime and naarden cloth.
1995 J. D. Fudge Cargoes, Embargoes, & Emissaries 30 The Prussian staple supplied hemp, flax, yarn, and Swedish bog iron called osmund.
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