orgulousadj.adv.

Brit.

/ˈɔːɡjᵿləs/, U.S.

/ˈɔrɡ(j)ələs/

Forms: Middle English orgeilus, Middle English orgeyllous, Middle English orgilour (transmission error), Middle English orgoillous, Middle English orguilleux, Middle English orguillous, Middle English orgulus, Middle English orguluste (superlative), Middle English orguylleus, Middle English–1500s orguyllous, Middle English–1500s 1800s– orgulous, 1500s orgueilous, 1500s orguellous, 1500s orgullows, 1500s orgulyous, 1500s orgyllous, 1500s (1800s archaic) orgullous, 1600s 1800s– orgillous, 1900s– orgilous; also Scottish pre-1700 orgalews, pre-1700 orgillus, pre-1700 orguellous, pre-1700 orguillous, pre-1700 orguillouse.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French orguillous, orguillus, orguilleus, orgueilleux.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman orguillous, orgeillus, orgoilous, orgullous, orgulous, orgulus, orgilous, orgillus and Old French orguillus, orgoillus (c1100), orguilleus (12th cent.), orgueilleux (13th cent.; Middle French, French orgueilleux ) < orgueil orgul n. + -ous -ous suffix. Compare Old Occitan orgolhos (a1149; Occitan orgulhós), Spanish orgulloso (c1200 as urgulloso), Italian orgoglioso (a1250).Used once by Shakespeare, and retained in the 1634 modernization of Malory's Morte Arthur, but apparently obsolete from the mid 17th cent. until revived as a historical archaism by Southey and Scott in the early 19th cent.

Now archaic and literary.

A. adj.

1. Proud, haughty.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > haughtiness or disdainfulness > [adjective]

overmoodeOE

highlyOE

overmoodOE

overmoodyOE

orgelc1175

dangerous?c1225

orgula1275

orgulousc1275

fiercec1290

hautain1297

highfulc1325

squeamousc1325

deignousc1330

digne1340

disdainousc1374

sirlya1375

lordlyc1390

high-hearteda1398

haught1430

haut1430

coppedc1449

excellentc1450

fastidious?a1475

loftyc1485

dain?1507

hichty1513

stiff-necked1526

supercilious1528

haughty1530

taunt?a1534

disdainfula1542

high in the instep1555

skeighc1560

queen-like?1571

surlyc1572

stately1579

coy1581

paughtya1586

steya1586

disdained1598

dortya1605

lordlike1605

overly1606

magnatical1608

stiff1608

surly-borne1609

high-sighted1610

lofty-minded1611

sublimed1611

patronizing1619

lording1629

sublimated1634

cavaliering1642

uncondescending1660

nose-in-the-air1673

sidy1673

fastuose1674

uncondescensive1681

condescending1707

stiff-rumped1728

fastidiose1730

cavalier1751

ogertful1754

pawky1809

supercilian1825

splendid1833

touch-me-not1852

pincé1858

high-stepping1867

eyeglassy1871

sniffy1871

cavalierly1876

snifty1889

Olympian1900

ritzy1920

mugwumpish1923

blasé1930

stiff-arsed1937

nose-high1939

c1275 Kentish Serm. in J. Hall Select. Early Middle Eng. (1920) I. 218 Of þo euele manne good man, of þe orgeilus umble.

c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) 9344 Thai todriuen four kinges orgulous.

?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 84 (MED) Mani women..thorugh her orguylleus port ben throwen doune of her worshippe and astate.

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 1228 The Bysshop..ded the cursynge in the moste orguluste wyse that myght be done.

1528 J. Skelton Honorificatissimo: Replycacion agaynst Yong Scolers sig. Aii^v Odyous, orgulyous, and flyblowen opynions.

1592 W. Wyrley Capitall de Buz in True Vse Armorie 150 The English orgulous words did say Gainst Lord Cowcie.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida (1623) Prol. 2 From Iles of Greece The Princes Orgillous; their high blood chaf'd Haue to the Port of Athens sent their shippes.

1808 R. Southey Chron. Cid 239 They are of high blood and full orgullous, and I have no liking to this match.

1820 W. Scott Monastery II. vii. 228 Punished for your outre-cuidance and orgulous presumption.

1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold II. v. iii. 31 This our orgulous Earl shall not have his triumph.

1890 Sat. Rev. 12 July 29/2 Lord Rosebery tore things to shreds..in the best and most orgillous fashion.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xiv. [Oxen of the Sun] 372 Then spoke young Stephen orgulous of mother Church that would cast him out of her bosom.

1941 W. H. Auden New Year Let. 187 That the orgulous spirit may while it can Conform to its temporal focus with praise.

1992 Matrix Fall 49/2 Many people find Layton, both in his verse and in propria persona, too loud, pushy, orgulous and self-referential for comfort.

2. figurative. Splendid. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > beauty > splendour > [adjective]

orgulousa1450

splendidious?a1475

splendiferousa1500

splendent1517

transplendent1557

splendant1590

splendorous1604

splendidous1607

splendious1609

florid1642

splendid1815

splendescent1848

many-splendoured1859

nifty1865

ducky1897

a1450–1509 (?a1300) Richard Coer de Lyon (A-version) (1913) 272 (MED) His atyre was orgulous [v.r. orgilour].

1925 G. Dennis Harvest in Poland xx. 297 Riding: I had ridden across Europe..ridden in cars orgilous and lowlier trains.

†3. Swelling, violent. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > violent action or operation > [adjective]

retheeOE

hotOE

strongOE

woodlyc1000

un-i-rideOE

stoura1122

brathc1175

unridec1175

unrudec1225

starklyc1275

toughc1275

wood1297

ragec1330

unrekena1350

biga1375

furialc1386

outrageousc1390

savagea1393

violenta1393

bremelya1400

snarta1400

wrothlya1400

fightingc1400

runishc1400

dour?a1425

derfc1440

churlousa1450

roida1450

fervent1465

churlish1477

orgulous1483

felona1500

brathfula1522

brathlya1525

fanatic1533

furious1535

boisterous1544

blusterous1548

ungentle1551

sore1563

full-mouthed1594

savage wild1595

Herculean1602

shrill1608

robustious1612

efferous1614

thundering1618

churly1620

ferocient1655

turbulent1656

efferate1684

knock-me-down1760

haggard-wild1786

ensanguined1806

rammish1807

fulminatory1820

riproarious1830

natural1832

survigrous1835

sabre-toothed1849

cataclysmal1861

thunderous1874

fierce1912

cataractal1926

1483 W. Caxton tr. A. Chartier Curial sig. j^v Better in humble tranqullyte than in orguyllous myserye.

1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. cii. [xcviii.] 297 They wyst nat how to passe y^e ryuer of Derne, whiche was full and orgulous at certayne tymes.

1596 P. Barrough Method of Phisick (ed. 3) vi. iii. 365 These most orgueilous and extreame paines are caused of a very moist and maligne vapour.

†B. adv.

Proudly. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pride > [adverb]

sideOE

highOE

proudlyOE

proudc1384

moodilyc1400

highlya1425

orgulousa1470

strutlyc1480

orgulouslya1500

loftily1548

stoutlya1554

state1579

garishly1593

pridefullya1600

aloft1613

great1625

pridinglya1677

Olympically1839

a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 1201 And I were as orgulous sette as ye ar.

Derivatives

ˈorgulously adv. rare

ΘΚΠ