orbicularadj.n.

Brit.

/ɔːˈbɪkjᵿlə/, U.S.

/ɔrˈbɪkjələr/

Forms: late Middle English orbiculer, 1500s orbiculare, 1500s– orbicular.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French orbiculaire; Latin orbicularis.

Etymology: < Middle French, French orbiculaire circular (c1380), spherical (c1477), containing spheroidal inclusions (1813 in the passage translated in quot. 1824 at sense A. 2b) and its etymon post-classical Latin orbicularis circular (from c1120 in British sources), spherical (from c1220 in British sources), universal, general, encyclopedic (a1540; already in 4th cent. designating herba in sense ‘cyclamen’) < classical Latin orbiculus orbicle n. + -āris -ar suffix¹. Compare later orbic adj.

A. adj.

a. Round; circular; discoidal. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [adjective]

roundc1300

rotund?a1425

orbicular?1440

rotounda1450

trendec1450

orbical1582

roundya1586

rundled1598

orby?1609

orbic1619

rotundal1624

roundwise1633

orbiculatea1650

orbiculated1656

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iii. 230 Vpbounde, orbiculer & turned rounde.

1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 6515 The heuenys orbiculer reuolucyoun From est to west wyth-oute cessacyoun.

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 12^v The fashion of the neither iawe is Orbicular like a halfe long Circle, the vtmost endes whereof are ascendently reflected.

1596 C. Fitzgeffry Sir Francis Drake sig. B^v Enclaspeth with her winged eminence The worlds orbicular circumference.

1598 G. Chapman tr. Homer Seauen Bks. Iliades iii. 53 Quight through his bright orbiculare targe.

1664 J. Evelyn Sylva xxix. 88 The Trunk or bough of a Tree being cut transversely..sheweth several Circles or Rings more or less Orbicular..one without the other.

1731 Gentleman's Mag. June 238 Signing their Names in an orbicular manner, which they call a round Robin.

1785 W. Combe Royal Dream 22 It's course is very eccentric, neither orbicular or parabolical, but proceeds in strait lines and zig-zags, with a great variety of turnings and windings.

1851 D. Wilson Archæol. & Prehistoric Ann. Scotl. ii. iv. 268 Shields are also found; some oblong and oval, and some orbicular.

1872 H. A. Nicholson Man. Palæontol. 212 In Discina, the shell is generally circular or orbicular in shape.

1986 G. Culverwell tr. P. Arduini & G. Teruzzi Macdonald Encycl. Fossils Entry 48 The shell of Clycymeris is orbicular in shape.

b. Botany. Esp. of a leaf: approximately circular in outline.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > part defined by form or function > [adjective] > oval or circular

orbicular1753

suborbicular1753

lance-egged1787

rhomboid?1788

lance-ovala1794

spear-egg-shaped1796

lance-ovate1800

rhombic1805

1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Leaf Orbicular Leaf, one of a round figure, the breadth of which is equal to its length.

1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxiv. 337 The leaves are almost orbicular.

1845 J. Lindley School Bot. (1858) iv. 35 Seeds in one row in each cell, oval or orbicular.

1864 D. Oliver Lessons Elem. Bot. ii. 203 The..orbicular floating leaves of Common Limnanth (Limnanthemum nymphœoides).

1911 A. L. Smith Monogr. Brit. Lichens II. 362 Placodioid, like the genus Placodium, with the thallus orbicular, adpressed, lobed at the circumference.

1968 Flora Europaea II. 16/1 R[ubus] discolor..petals ovate to orbicular, pale pink or white.

1998 Guardian 4 July (Weekend Suppl.) 58/1 In Japan, you will see it straight, with plain green, orbicular leaves and yellow daisies in October.

c. Entomology. Designating the round spot typically found on the forewing of a noctuid moth.

ΚΠ

1869 E. Newman Illustr. Nat. Hist. Brit. Moths 237/1 The one nearest the body is generally round..and is called the orbicular discoidal spot.

1890 Cent. Dict. at Orbicular Also called orbicular spot and discal spot.

1939 W. J. Stokoe Butterflies & Moths Wayside & Woodland 144 The reniform, orbicular, and claviform marks are, however, generally much in evidence.

1961 H. M. Edelstein & D. S. Fletcher South's Moths Brit. Isles (new ed.) I. 132 The claviform stigma is absent, and the orbicular stigma usually so.

1983 J. Heath & A. M. Emmet Moths & Butterflies Great Brit. IX. 121/2 Forewing with a characteristic pattern composed of five transverse lines..and three discal spots, the reniform, orbicular and claviform stigmata.

a. Spherical, globular; having a rounded or convex form or surface.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > [adjective] > spherical or globular

roundc1300

orbicular?1440

spherical1523

spheral1571

globous1591

globy1595

bulbed1597

orbed1598

sphery1600

spheric1610

globical1612

rotundious1614

globular1626

globed1633

global1637

globose1667

spheriform1678

globosous1681

globar1699

bulbous1783

ball-shaped1802

globate1806

perispheric1828

bulb-like1836

balloon-shaped1839

bulbiform1849

globuloid1889

tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iii. 891 The meles round, ycald orbiculer.

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 33 This same head [of thigh bone]..is almost wholly affourmed by an orbicular Appendaunce.

1622 Middleton Triumphs Honor & Vertue sig. C2^v Here fixe my Foote on this Orbicular Ball.

1712 R. Blackmore Creation i. 24 Give to the Earth a Form Orbicular, Let it be pois'd, and hung in Ambient Air.

1782 Monro's Anat. Human Bones (new ed.) 203 A round head of one bone plays in the orbicular socket of another.

1853 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice II. viii. 357 Having roses set, instead of orbicular ornaments, between the spandrils.

1938 V. Woolf Diary 1 Nov. (1984) V. 163 Max like a Cheshire cat. Orbicular. Jowld. Blue eyed.

1989 J. Kinsella Poems (1998) 135 Cloche-eyed, orbicular,..the dog star darkly brightens.

b. Geology. Of an igneous rock: containing spheroidal inclusions (orbicules). Cf. orbicule n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > texture or colour > [adjective] > texture > round inclusions

orbicular1824

chondritic1866

phacoidal1901

oncolitic1933

1824 H. T. De la Beche tr. A. Brongniart Table Classif. Mixed Rocks in Sel. Geol. Mem. in Ann. des Mines p. ix Diabase... Orbicular D. Spheres with concentric zones of hornblende and compact felspar in a diabase of moderately sized grains. (Orbicular granite of Corsica.)

1857 J. B. Jukes Student's Man. Geol. iii. 73 (heading) Globular diorite, orbicular greenstone, Corsican granite.

1954 H. Williams et al. Petrogr. vii. 132 A few granites have an orbicular texture.

1985 R. Thorpe & E. Brown Field Descr. Igneous Rocks viii. 114 Orbicular granite..contains large ovoid bodies (orbicules) usually up to several centimetres in diameter.

3. Anatomy and Zoology. Annular; spec. designating any of various muscles surrounding, and having the function of constricting, an opening of the body such as the mouth or eye. Cf. orbicularis n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [adjective] > ring

coron1555

orbicular1615

coronal1656

coronary1686

annular1691

zonular1835

the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > types of muscles > [adjective]

orbicular1615

biceps1634

bicipital1646

trigastric1676

adducent1694

biventral1706

attollent1713

penniform1713

antagonistic1725

monogastric1749

adductory1752

sublime1800

pennated1836–9

intrinsic1839

pennate1877

sphincteric1883

sphinctrate1887

sphincterial1889

agonistic1905

sphinctered1963

1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 165 The naturall motion, which the Ancients called περισταλτικὸν is accomplished by transuerse and orbicular Fibres contracting the guts.

1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) iii. viii. 144 The Orbicular Muscle only moves the upper Eye-lid, and doth but embrace the lower, and knit it as a coupler.

1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 206 The Arteries consist of a quadruple Coat, the Third of which is made up of annular or orbicular carneous Fibres.

1733 G. Douglas tr. J. B. Winslow Anat. Expos. Struct. Human Body II. x. 91 All these different Portions of the Orbicular Muscle adhere to the Skin.

1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy III. vi. 21 Directing..the orbicular muscles around his lips to do their duty—he whistled Lillabullero.

1840 G. V. Ellis Demonstr. Anat. 64 The orbicular muscle of the eyelids.

1961 J. Stubblefield Davies's Introd. Palaeontol. (ed. 3) ii. 39 There is here an important muscle (orbicular muscle) by which the lips of the mantle can be pressed together even when the valves are not tightly closed.

2000 New Scientist 27 May 23/1 A temptation to twitch the old zygomatic and orbicular muscles—cracking a smile to you and me.

4. figurative. Rounded; complete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > [adjective]

fulleOE

plenara1325

perfectc1350

completec1380

heala1399

plenary?a1425

absolute1531

explete1534

well-accomplished1568

quit1583

orbeda1657

orbicular1673

saturate1682

rounded1746

broad-blown1855

plene1867

choate1878

ten tenth1948

1673 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd II. 395 The ends of your publick government will at last excuse if not hallow, the most orbicular untruth.

1841 T. De Quincey Plato's Republic in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 41/2 An orbicular system, or total body of philosophy.

1854 T. De Quincey On Murder (rev. ed.) in Select. Grave & Gay IV. 78 The household ruin was thus full and orbicular.

1902 J. B. Stephens Poet. Wks. 232 Do they really mean to play on me with calm deliberation A pyramidal, orbicular absurdity like that!

B. n.

†1. Perhaps: an orbicular course; orbit (or perhaps: an orb or sphere). Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > [noun] > movement in circle > circular course

ringeOE

virona1380

environa1382

roundness?c1425

circuit1483

orbicular1523

round1539

bouta1542

rundle1574

ring road1828

orbit1831

ring-around1894

1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell 4 When Mars retrogradant reuersyd his bak, Lorde of the yere in his orbicular.

2. Anatomy. An orbicular muscle (see sense A. 3 and orbicularis n.); esp. the orbicularis oculi. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > types of muscles > [noun]

sphincter1578

raiser1588

in-muscle?1609

oblique1612

abducens1615

abductor1615

adductor1615

antagonist1615

bender1615

depressor1615

extender1615

flexor1615

levator1615

quadratus1615

rectus1615

retractor1615

sphincter-muscle1615

accelerator1638

bicepsa1641

elevator1646

adducent1649

lifter1649

rotator1657

flector1666

contractor1682

dilater1683

orbicularis palpebrarum1694

transverse muscle1696

tensor muscle1704

biventer1706

extensor1713

attollent1728

constrictor1741

dilator1741

risibles1785

orbicularis oculi1797

obliquus1799

erector1828

extensor-muscle1830

compressor1836

trans-muscle1836

antagonizer1844

motor1846

evertor1848

inflector1851

protractor1853

prime mover1860

orbicular1872

transversalis1872

invertor1875

skeletal muscle1877

dilatator1878

occlusor muscle1878

sphincter1879

pilomotor1892

agonist1896

1872 C. Darwin Expression Emotions Man & Animals vi. 149 For the sake of brevity these muscles will generally be spoken of as the orbiculars.

1887 Science 2 Dec. 269/2 The frontal muscle furrowing the forehead is the muscle of attention; the orbiculars contracting the orbital space and lowering the eyelid of reflection.

1900 Amer. Anthropologist 2 606 In weeping tears flow and various muscles about the eyelids, especially the orbiculars, are involved.

3. Entomology. An orbicular stigma on the wing of a noctuid moth. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > wings(s) > stigma

stigma1826

pterostigma1861

orbicular1890

1890 Cent. Dict. Orbicular, II. n., in entom., a circular mark or spot almost always found on the anterior wings of the noctuid moths.

1961 H. M. Edelstein & D. S. Fletcher South's Moths Brit. Isles (new ed.) I. 134 Not infrequently the reniform is connected with the orbicular by a black streak from the former.

Compounds

C1. Botany. Prefixed to other adjectives of form, to express a combination of the two or an intermediate form.

orbicular-cordate adj.

ΚΠ

1847 W. E. Steele Handbk. Field Bot. 116 Villarsia Nymphæoides. Leaves orbicular-cordate.

1893 Bot. Gaz. 18 198 Leaves ovate to orbicular-cordate.

1990 Brittonia 42 242 Leaves orbicular to orbicular-cordate.

† orbicular-cuneate adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands Alnus glutinosa, L.; leaves..orbicular-cuneate.

1898 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25 467 Appendages white, orbicular-cuneate.

† orbicular-crenate adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands 346 Betula nana..leaves short-petioled orbicular-crenate.

orbicular-oblong adj.

ΚΠ

1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands 37 Lepidium ruderale..pod orbicular-oblong notched.

1901 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28 150 Lobes orbicular-oblong.

1975 Brittonia 27 154 The terminal appendages membranaceous, orbicular-oblong.

orbicular-ovate adj.

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Orbicular Orbicular-ovate.

orbicular-reniform adj.

ΚΠ

1826 D. Douglas Jrnl. 13 Apr. (1914) 163 Leaves orbicular-reniform, partially lobed.

1900 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27 277 Leaflets suborbicular or orbicular-reniform.

1988 Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 75 1503 Leaves orbicular-reniform or cordate.

† orbicular-spathulate adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1843 C. C. Babington Man. Brit. Bot. 28 T[eesdalia] nudicaulis... L[eaves] numerous,..lyrate-pinnatifid, rarely orbicular-spathulate and entire.

C2.

orbicular bone n. [after post-classical Latin os orbiculare (1666 or earlier)] Anatomy now rare or disused the lenticular process of the incus, esp. in the fetus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > bones of ear > others

os orbiculare1698

orbicular bone1706

tympanic1851

opisthotic1865

prootic1866

tympanal1875

otolith1890

tegmen tympani1890

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Orbicular Bone (in Anat.), one of the little Bones of the inner part of the Ear, which is fasten'd by a slender Ligament to the sides of that called Stapes.

1800 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 90 9 It is united by its long process to the orbicular bone, which is the smallest in the body.

1892 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Orbicular bone, a very minute bone of the middle ear, like to a grain of sand..; it is a separate bone in childhood, but by some is looked upon as an epiphysis of the incus.

orbicular spot n. a round mark on an insect, leaf, etc.; spec. that on the forewing of a noctuid moth (cf. sense A. 1c).

ΚΠ

1698 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 20 396 These orbicular spots, to most People at first view seem to be their Eyes.

1890 Cent. Dict. at Orbicular Also called orbicular spot and discal spot.

1949 Amer. Midland Naturalist 41 727 The dark brown, orbicular spots..have a narrow black margin and a paler center. The pale brown pycnidia are gregarious on the spots.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	orbicular
释义	orbicularadj.n. Brit. /ɔːˈbɪkjᵿlə/, U.S. /ɔrˈbɪkjələr/ Forms: late Middle English orbiculer, 1500s orbiculare, 1500s– orbicular. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French orbiculaire; Latin orbicularis. Etymology: < Middle French, French orbiculaire circular (c1380), spherical (c1477), containing spheroidal inclusions (1813 in the passage translated in quot. 1824 at sense A. 2b) and its etymon post-classical Latin orbicularis circular (from c1120 in British sources), spherical (from c1220 in British sources), universal, general, encyclopedic (a1540; already in 4th cent. designating herba in sense ‘cyclamen’) < classical Latin orbiculus orbicle n. + -āris -ar suffix¹. Compare later orbic adj. A. adj. 1. a. Round; circular; discoidal. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > roundness > [adjective] roundc1300 rotund?a1425 orbicular?1440 rotounda1450 trendec1450 orbical1582 roundya1586 rundled1598 orby?1609 orbic1619 rotundal1624 roundwise1633 orbiculatea1650 orbiculated1656 tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iii. 230 Vpbounde, orbiculer & turned rounde. 1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 6515 The heuenys orbiculer reuolucyoun From est to west wyth-oute cessacyoun. 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 12^v The fashion of the neither iawe is Orbicular like a halfe long Circle, the vtmost endes whereof are ascendently reflected. 1596 C. Fitzgeffry Sir Francis Drake sig. B^v Enclaspeth with her winged eminence The worlds orbicular circumference. 1598 G. Chapman tr. Homer Seauen Bks. Iliades iii. 53 Quight through his bright orbiculare targe. 1664 J. Evelyn Sylva xxix. 88 The Trunk or bough of a Tree being cut transversely..sheweth several Circles or Rings more or less Orbicular..one without the other. 1731 Gentleman's Mag. June 238 Signing their Names in an orbicular manner, which they call a round Robin. 1785 W. Combe Royal Dream 22 It's course is very eccentric, neither orbicular or parabolical, but proceeds in strait lines and zig-zags, with a great variety of turnings and windings. 1851 D. Wilson Archæol. & Prehistoric Ann. Scotl. ii. iv. 268 Shields are also found; some oblong and oval, and some orbicular. 1872 H. A. Nicholson Man. Palæontol. 212 In Discina, the shell is generally circular or orbicular in shape. 1986 G. Culverwell tr. P. Arduini & G. Teruzzi Macdonald Encycl. Fossils Entry 48 The shell of Clycymeris is orbicular in shape. b. Botany. Esp. of a leaf: approximately circular in outline. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > part defined by form or function > [adjective] > oval or circular orbicular1753 suborbicular1753 lance-egged1787 rhomboid?1788 lance-ovala1794 spear-egg-shaped1796 lance-ovate1800 rhombic1805 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Leaf Orbicular Leaf, one of a round figure, the breadth of which is equal to its length. 1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxiv. 337 The leaves are almost orbicular. 1845 J. Lindley School Bot. (1858) iv. 35 Seeds in one row in each cell, oval or orbicular. 1864 D. Oliver Lessons Elem. Bot. ii. 203 The..orbicular floating leaves of Common Limnanth (Limnanthemum nymphœoides). 1911 A. L. Smith Monogr. Brit. Lichens II. 362 Placodioid, like the genus Placodium, with the thallus orbicular, adpressed, lobed at the circumference. 1968 Flora Europaea II. 16/1 R[ubus] discolor..petals ovate to orbicular, pale pink or white. 1998 Guardian 4 July (Weekend Suppl.) 58/1 In Japan, you will see it straight, with plain green, orbicular leaves and yellow daisies in October. c. Entomology. Designating the round spot typically found on the forewing of a noctuid moth. ΚΠ 1869 E. Newman Illustr. Nat. Hist. Brit. Moths 237/1 The one nearest the body is generally round..and is called the orbicular discoidal spot. 1890 Cent. Dict. at Orbicular Also called orbicular spot and discal spot. 1939 W. J. Stokoe Butterflies & Moths Wayside & Woodland 144 The reniform, orbicular, and claviform marks are, however, generally much in evidence. 1961 H. M. Edelstein & D. S. Fletcher South's Moths Brit. Isles (new ed.) I. 132 The claviform stigma is absent, and the orbicular stigma usually so. 1983 J. Heath & A. M. Emmet Moths & Butterflies Great Brit. IX. 121/2 Forewing with a characteristic pattern composed of five transverse lines..and three discal spots, the reniform, orbicular and claviform stigmata. 2. a. Spherical, globular; having a rounded or convex form or surface. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > curvature > curved three-dimensional shape or body > [adjective] > spherical or globular roundc1300 orbicular?1440 spherical1523 spheral1571 globous1591 globy1595 bulbed1597 orbed1598 sphery1600 spheric1610 globical1612 rotundious1614 globular1626 globed1633 global1637 globose1667 spheriform1678 globosous1681 globar1699 bulbous1783 ball-shaped1802 globate1806 perispheric1828 bulb-like1836 balloon-shaped1839 bulbiform1849 globuloid1889 tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iii. 891 The meles round, ycald orbiculer. 1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 33 This same head [of thigh bone]..is almost wholly affourmed by an orbicular Appendaunce. 1622 Middleton Triumphs Honor & Vertue sig. C2^v Here fixe my Foote on this Orbicular Ball. 1712 R. Blackmore Creation i. 24 Give to the Earth a Form Orbicular, Let it be pois'd, and hung in Ambient Air. 1782 Monro's Anat. Human Bones (new ed.) 203 A round head of one bone plays in the orbicular socket of another. 1853 J. Ruskin Stones of Venice II. viii. 357 Having roses set, instead of orbicular ornaments, between the spandrils. 1938 V. Woolf Diary 1 Nov. (1984) V. 163 Max like a Cheshire cat. Orbicular. Jowld. Blue eyed. 1989 J. Kinsella Poems (1998) 135 Cloche-eyed, orbicular,..the dog star darkly brightens. b. Geology. Of an igneous rock: containing spheroidal inclusions (orbicules). Cf. orbicule n. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > texture or colour > [adjective] > texture > round inclusions orbicular1824 chondritic1866 phacoidal1901 oncolitic1933 1824 H. T. De la Beche tr. A. Brongniart Table Classif. Mixed Rocks in Sel. Geol. Mem. in Ann. des Mines p. ix Diabase... Orbicular D. Spheres with concentric zones of hornblende and compact felspar in a diabase of moderately sized grains. (Orbicular granite of Corsica.) 1857 J. B. Jukes Student's Man. Geol. iii. 73 (heading) Globular diorite, orbicular greenstone, Corsican granite. 1954 H. Williams et al. Petrogr. vii. 132 A few granites have an orbicular texture. 1985 R. Thorpe & E. Brown Field Descr. Igneous Rocks viii. 114 Orbicular granite..contains large ovoid bodies (orbicules) usually up to several centimetres in diameter. 3. Anatomy and Zoology. Annular; spec. designating any of various muscles surrounding, and having the function of constricting, an opening of the body such as the mouth or eye. Cf. orbicularis n. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > physical aspects or shapes > shape > [adjective] > ring coron1555 orbicular1615 coronal1656 coronary1686 annular1691 zonular1835 the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > types of muscles > [adjective] orbicular1615 biceps1634 bicipital1646 trigastric1676 adducent1694 biventral1706 attollent1713 penniform1713 antagonistic1725 monogastric1749 adductory1752 sublime1800 pennated1836–9 intrinsic1839 pennate1877 sphincteric1883 sphinctrate1887 sphincterial1889 agonistic1905 sphinctered1963 1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 165 The naturall motion, which the Ancients called περισταλτικὸν is accomplished by transuerse and orbicular Fibres contracting the guts. 1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) iii. viii. 144 The Orbicular Muscle only moves the upper Eye-lid, and doth but embrace the lower, and knit it as a coupler. 1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 206 The Arteries consist of a quadruple Coat, the Third of which is made up of annular or orbicular carneous Fibres. 1733 G. Douglas tr. J. B. Winslow Anat. Expos. Struct. Human Body II. x. 91 All these different Portions of the Orbicular Muscle adhere to the Skin. 1761 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy III. vi. 21 Directing..the orbicular muscles around his lips to do their duty—he whistled Lillabullero. 1840 G. V. Ellis Demonstr. Anat. 64 The orbicular muscle of the eyelids. 1961 J. Stubblefield Davies's Introd. Palaeontol. (ed. 3) ii. 39 There is here an important muscle (orbicular muscle) by which the lips of the mantle can be pressed together even when the valves are not tightly closed. 2000 New Scientist 27 May 23/1 A temptation to twitch the old zygomatic and orbicular muscles—cracking a smile to you and me. 4. figurative. Rounded; complete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > completeness > [adjective] fulleOE plenara1325 perfectc1350 completec1380 heala1399 plenary?a1425 absolute1531 explete1534 well-accomplished1568 quit1583 orbeda1657 orbicular1673 saturate1682 rounded1746 broad-blown1855 plene1867 choate1878 ten tenth1948 1673 A. Marvell Rehearsal Transpros'd II. 395 The ends of your publick government will at last excuse if not hallow, the most orbicular untruth. 1841 T. De Quincey Plato's Republic in Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. July 41/2 An orbicular system, or total body of philosophy. 1854 T. De Quincey On Murder (rev. ed.) in Select. Grave & Gay IV. 78 The household ruin was thus full and orbicular. 1902 J. B. Stephens Poet. Wks. 232 Do they really mean to play on me with calm deliberation A pyramidal, orbicular absurdity like that! B. n. †1. Perhaps: an orbicular course; orbit (or perhaps: an orb or sphere). Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement in circle or curve > [noun] > movement in circle > circular course ringeOE virona1380 environa1382 roundness?c1425 circuit1483 orbicular1523 round1539 bouta1542 rundle1574 ring road1828 orbit1831 ring-around1894 1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell 4 When Mars retrogradant reuersyd his bak, Lorde of the yere in his orbicular. 2. Anatomy. An orbicular muscle (see sense A. 3 and orbicularis n.); esp. the orbicularis oculi. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > muscle > types of muscles > [noun] sphincter1578 raiser1588 in-muscle?1609 oblique1612 abducens1615 abductor1615 adductor1615 antagonist1615 bender1615 depressor1615 extender1615 flexor1615 levator1615 quadratus1615 rectus1615 retractor1615 sphincter-muscle1615 accelerator1638 bicepsa1641 elevator1646 adducent1649 lifter1649 rotator1657 flector1666 contractor1682 dilater1683 orbicularis palpebrarum1694 transverse muscle1696 tensor muscle1704 biventer1706 extensor1713 attollent1728 constrictor1741 dilator1741 risibles1785 orbicularis oculi1797 obliquus1799 erector1828 extensor-muscle1830 compressor1836 trans-muscle1836 antagonizer1844 motor1846 evertor1848 inflector1851 protractor1853 prime mover1860 orbicular1872 transversalis1872 invertor1875 skeletal muscle1877 dilatator1878 occlusor muscle1878 sphincter1879 pilomotor1892 agonist1896 1872 C. Darwin Expression Emotions Man & Animals vi. 149 For the sake of brevity these muscles will generally be spoken of as the orbiculars. 1887 Science 2 Dec. 269/2 The frontal muscle furrowing the forehead is the muscle of attention; the orbiculars contracting the orbital space and lowering the eyelid of reflection. 1900 Amer. Anthropologist 2 606 In weeping tears flow and various muscles about the eyelids, especially the orbiculars, are involved. 3. Entomology. An orbicular stigma on the wing of a noctuid moth. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [noun] > wings(s) > stigma stigma1826 pterostigma1861 orbicular1890 1890 Cent. Dict. Orbicular, II. n., in entom., a circular mark or spot almost always found on the anterior wings of the noctuid moths. 1961 H. M. Edelstein & D. S. Fletcher South's Moths Brit. Isles (new ed.) I. 134 Not infrequently the reniform is connected with the orbicular by a black streak from the former. Compounds C1. Botany. Prefixed to other adjectives of form, to express a combination of the two or an intermediate form. orbicular-cordate adj. ΚΠ 1847 W. E. Steele Handbk. Field Bot. 116 Villarsia Nymphæoides. Leaves orbicular-cordate. 1893 Bot. Gaz. 18 198 Leaves ovate to orbicular-cordate. 1990 Brittonia 42 242 Leaves orbicular to orbicular-cordate. † orbicular-cuneate adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands Alnus glutinosa, L.; leaves..orbicular-cuneate. 1898 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 25 467 Appendages white, orbicular-cuneate. † orbicular-crenate adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands 346 Betula nana..leaves short-petioled orbicular-crenate. orbicular-oblong adj. ΚΠ 1870 J. D. Hooker Student's Flora Brit. Islands 37 Lepidium ruderale..pod orbicular-oblong notched. 1901 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28 150 Lobes orbicular-oblong. 1975 Brittonia 27 154 The terminal appendages membranaceous, orbicular-oblong. orbicular-ovate adj. ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Orbicular Orbicular-ovate. orbicular-reniform adj. ΚΠ 1826 D. Douglas Jrnl. 13 Apr. (1914) 163 Leaves orbicular-reniform, partially lobed. 1900 Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 27 277 Leaflets suborbicular or orbicular-reniform. 1988 Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 75 1503 Leaves orbicular-reniform or cordate. † orbicular-spathulate adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1843 C. C. Babington Man. Brit. Bot. 28 T[eesdalia] nudicaulis... L[eaves] numerous,..lyrate-pinnatifid, rarely orbicular-spathulate and entire. C2. orbicular bone n. [after post-classical Latin os orbiculare (1666 or earlier)] Anatomy now rare or disused the lenticular process of the incus, esp. in the fetus. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > skull > parts of skull > [noun] > bones of ear > others os orbiculare1698 orbicular bone1706 tympanic1851 opisthotic1865 prootic1866 tympanal1875 otolith1890 tegmen tympani1890 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Orbicular Bone (in Anat.), one of the little Bones of the inner part of the Ear, which is fasten'd by a slender Ligament to the sides of that called Stapes. 1800 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 90 9 It is united by its long process to the orbicular bone, which is the smallest in the body. 1892 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Orbicular bone, a very minute bone of the middle ear, like to a grain of sand..; it is a separate bone in childhood, but by some is looked upon as an epiphysis of the incus. orbicular spot n. a round mark on an insect, leaf, etc.; spec. that on the forewing of a noctuid moth (cf. sense A. 1c). ΚΠ 1698 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 20 396 These orbicular spots, to most People at first view seem to be their Eyes. 1890 Cent. Dict. at Orbicular Also called orbicular spot and discal spot. 1949 Amer. Midland Naturalist 41 727 The dark brown, orbicular spots..have a narrow black margin and a paler center. The pale brown pycnidia are gregarious on the spots. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.?1440
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