ophthalmo-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Forms: 1800s– ophthalmo-, 1800s– opthalmo- (now irregular). Before a vowel ophthalm-.

Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Greek ὀϕθαλμο-, ὀϕθαλμός.

Etymology: < ancient Greek ὀϕθαλμο-, combining form (in e.g. ὀϕθαλμοβόρος picking out eyes, ὀϕθαλμοϕανής apparent to the eye) of ὀϕθαλμός eye < the same base as ὄψ , ὀπ- eye (see optic adj.).Attested earliest in adaptations of post-classical Latin words of Greek ultimate origin, first in the early 18th cent. in ophthalmography n. , ophthalmoscopy n., in the early 19th cent. in a borrowing immediately from scientific Latin (ophthalmitis n.), and later in the same cent. in adaptations of German scientific terms (ophthalmoscope n., ophthalmoblennorrhoea n. ). Formations in English are found from the beginning of the 19th cent., earliest in ophthalmodynia n. , and become numerous in the course of that cent. in the field of medicine. Compounded with elements of Greek ultimate origin. Compare classical, post-classical, and scientific Latin ophthalmo-, French ophtalmo- (formerly also ophthalmo-; formations in which are found from the 17th cent.), Italian oftalmo- (formations in which are found from at least the early 19th cent.), German ophthalmo- (formations in which are found from at least the first half of the 19th cent.).

Chiefly Medicine.

Of or relating to the eye.

† ophthalmatrophy n. [compare scientific Latin ophthalmatrophia (1834 or earlier)] Obsolete rare atrophy of the eye; phthisis bulbi.

ΚΠ

1857 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Ophthalmatrophia, term for atrophy or wasting away of the eye: ophthalmatrophy.

† ophthalmoblennorrhoea n. [after German Ophthalmoblennorrhöe (1842 in the passage translated in quot. 1846); compare French ophthalmoblennorrhée (1889 in Littré)] Obsolete purulent infection of the eye.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > [noun] > mucus discharge > from eyes

ophthalmoblennorrhoea1819

1819 Q. Jrnl. Foreign Med. & Surg. 1 403 The sarcomatous state of the lining membrane of the eyelids..which is so apt to remain after ophthalmoblennorhœa or Egyptian ophthalmia.

1846 G. E. Day tr. J. F. Simon Animal Chem. II. 80 The mucus in ophthalmoblennorrhœa..is of a deep yellow colour.

† ophthalmocarcinoma n. Obsolete rare carcinoma of the eye.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1833 R. Dunglison New Dict. Med. Sci. II. 107/1 Ophthalmo-carcinoma.

† ophthalmocele n. [compare French ophtalmocèle (1889 in Littré as ophthalmocèle)] Obsolete rare exophthalmos.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1833 R. Dunglison New Dict. Med. Sci. II. 107/1 Ophthalmocele.

† ophthalmodiastimeter n. Obsolete rare an instrument for the adjustment of lenses to the axes of vision of the eyes.

ΚΠ

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1562/2 Ophthalmodiastimeter, an instrument contrived by Landsberg, a Hanoverian optician,..for adjusting the optical axes of lenses to the axis of vision.

ophthalmodynia n.

Brit.

/ɒfˌθalmə(ʊ)ˈdɪnɪə/

/ɒpˌθalmə(ʊ)ˈdɪnɪə/

U.S.

/ɑpˌθælməˈdɪniə/

/ɑfˌθælməˈdɪniə/

[after post-classical Latin ophthalmodinia (J. J. Plenck Doctrina de Morbis Oculorum (1777) 83); compare French ophtalmodynie (dated 1868 in Robert Dict. alphabétique et analogique (1986))] rare pain in the eye, esp. of a neuralgic type.

ΚΠ

1807 R. Morris & J. Kendrick Edinb. Med. & Physical Dict. II Ophthalmodynia, a violent pain in the eye, without, or at least with very little, redness.

1979 Southern Med. Jrnl. 72 1504 (title) Visine in ophthalmodynia.

1988 European Neurol. 28 222 (table) Ophthalmodynia, burning of the eyes.

ophthalmography n.

Brit.

/ˌɒfθalˈmɒɡrəfi/

/ˌɒpθalˈmɒɡrəfi/

U.S.

/ˌɑpθælˈmɑɡrəfi/

/ˌɑfθælˈmɑɡrəfi/

[probably after post-classical Latin ophthalmographia (1632 or earlier); compare French ophtalmographie (1690)] †(a) a treatise on the structure and function or diseases of the eye; (b) imaging of the eye by radiological or other means.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > study of body > study of sense organs > [noun] > eye

ophthalmography1713

pupillometry1899

1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. iv. ii. 88 That accurate Surveyor of the Eye, Dr. Briggs, whose Ophthalmography I have met with since penning this part of my Survey. [ W. Briggs Ophthalmographia, sive Oculi, ejusque Partium descriptio anatomica, 1676.]

1975 Bibliotheca Ophthalmologica 83 163 The complicated combination of different histological details cannot be revealed through clinical echo-ophthalmography.]

1999 Current Eye Res. 18 417 Ophthalmography was conducted before and 30 minutes after drug administration.

† ophthalmolith n. [compare French ophthalmolithe (1889 in Littré); with sense ophthalmography n. (b) compare German Ophthalmolith (1880 or earlier)] Obsolete (a) a lachrymal concretion or calculus (rare); (b) Zoology a granule of guanine and lime in the choroid of a fish's eye (rare).Sense (a) is apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1892 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Ophthalmolith, a lacrimal concretion.

1894 Philos. Trans. 1893 (Royal Soc.) B. 184 782 They found the same compound [sc. guanin combined with lime] in the tapetum of Elasmobranchs, forming the granules called ophthalmoliths by Delle Chiaje.

† ophthalmophthisis n. Obsolete rare phthisis bulbi.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1848 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 7) Ophthalmophthisis, ophthalmophtharsis.

† ophthalmoplasty n. Obsolete rare the fitting of an artificial eye; (also) plastic surgery of the eye or surrounding parts.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1892 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Ophthalmoplasty, the application of an artificial eye. Also, plastic operations upon the eyelids and parts about the eyes or on the eye itself.

ophthalmoplegy n.

Brit.

/ɒfˈθalməplɛdʒi/

/ɒpˈθalməplɛdʒi/

U.S.

/ɑpˈθælməˌplɛdʒi/

/ɑfˈθælməˌplɛdʒi/

[compare French ophtalmoplégie (dated 1878 in Robert Dict. alphabétique et analogique (1986))] rare = ophthalmoplegia n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [noun] > other disorders of eye

holks1513

red heat1527

hypopyon1706

photophobia1772

buphthalmos1821

ophthalmoplegia1835

periorbitis1839

ophthalmoplegy1848

pinguecule1858

choked disc1870

optic neuritis1873

cyclitis1879

papillitis1879

Leber's disease1890

ophthalmopathy1897

papilloedema1908

sanpaku1963

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > palsy or paralysis > paralysis of eyes or eyelids

ptosis1710

ophthalmoplegia1835

ophthalmoplegy1848

iridoplegia1878

cycloplegia1902

1848 J. Craig New Universal Dict. Ophthalmoplegy.

1997 Internat. Jrnl. Pediatric Otorhinolaryngol. 39 77 Following an upper respiratory tract infection, headache, bilateral periorbital pain and swelling,..and ophthalmoplegy developed.

† ophthalmostate n. [compare French ophtalmostat (dated 1868 in Robert Dict. alphabétique et analogique (1986))] Obsolete rare an instrument for holding the eye open and in a fixed position for surgery.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1857 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Ophthalmostatum Instrumentum, name of an instrument for separating the eyelids and fixing the eyeballs in the more important operations; also called Speculum oculi: an ophthalmostate.

† ophthalmotomy n. [compare French ophtalmotomie (1803)] Obsolete rare the dissection, incision, or enucleation of the eye.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1833 R. Dunglison New Dict. Med. Sci. II. 107/2 Ophthalmotomy, the part of anatomy which treats of the dissection of the eye. It has, also, been applied to extirpation of the eye.

† ophthalmotonometer n. Obsolete rare an instrument for measuring the eye, esp. the radius of curvature of the cornea.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Ophthalmotonometer, an instrument for measuring the eye, especially for determining the radius of curvature of the cornea.

ophthalmotonometry n.

Brit.

/ɒfˌθalmə(ʊ)tə(ʊ)ˈnɒmᵻtri/

/ɒpˌθalmə(ʊ)tə(ʊ)ˈnɒmᵻtri/

U.S.

/ɑpˌθælmoʊˌtoʊˈnɑmətri/

/ɑfˌθælmoʊˌtoʊˈnɑmətri/

rare measurement of the eye, esp. of the radius of curvature of the cornea or of intraocular pressure.

ΚΠ

1890 Cent. Dict. Ophthalmotonometry, the mensuration of the eyeball, especially the determination of the curvature of the cornea.

1986 Methods & Findings Exper. & Clin. Pharmacol. 8 679 A contribution to indirect ophthalmotonometry in beagles.

ophthalmotrope n.

Brit.

/ɒfˈθalmə(ʊ)trəʊp/

/ɒpˈθalmə(ʊ)trəʊp/

U.S.

/ɑpˈθælməˌtroʊp/

/ɑfˈθælməˌtroʊp/

a mechanical model used to demonstrate or study the actions of the ocular muscles.

ΚΠ

1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Ophthalmotrope, apparatus for demonstrating the various movements of the eyes.

1965 Science 12 Nov. 924/1 (caption) Helmholtz used ophthalmotrope..in 19th-century study of vision.

1978 Amer. Jrnl. Optometry & Physiol. Optics 55 371 One method uses an ophthalmotrope, which will assess the tensions and the lengths of the muscles.

1990 Documenta Ophthalmologica 74 95 Many mechanical models of eye movements, ophthalmotropes, have been constructed and studied in the nineteenth century.

† ophthalmotropometer n. [ < German Ophthalmotropometer (1873 or earlier) < ophthalmo- + tropo- (in Tropologie tropology n.) + -meter -meter comb. form²] Obsolete rare an instrument for measuring the lateral movements of the eye.

ΚΠ

1876 Catal. Special Loan Coll. Sci. Apparatus S. Kensington Mus. 552 Ophthalmotropometer. An apparatus for determining the movements to right and left of each eye.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	ophthalmo-
释义	ophthalmo-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Forms: 1800s– ophthalmo-, 1800s– opthalmo- (now irregular). Before a vowel ophthalm-. Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Greek ὀϕθαλμο-, ὀϕθαλμός. Etymology: < ancient Greek ὀϕθαλμο-, combining form (in e.g. ὀϕθαλμοβόρος picking out eyes, ὀϕθαλμοϕανής apparent to the eye) of ὀϕθαλμός eye < the same base as ὄψ , ὀπ- eye (see optic adj.).Attested earliest in adaptations of post-classical Latin words of Greek ultimate origin, first in the early 18th cent. in ophthalmography n. , ophthalmoscopy n., in the early 19th cent. in a borrowing immediately from scientific Latin (ophthalmitis n.), and later in the same cent. in adaptations of German scientific terms (ophthalmoscope n., ophthalmoblennorrhoea n. ). Formations in English are found from the beginning of the 19th cent., earliest in ophthalmodynia n. , and become numerous in the course of that cent. in the field of medicine. Compounded with elements of Greek ultimate origin. Compare classical, post-classical, and scientific Latin ophthalmo-, French ophtalmo- (formerly also ophthalmo-; formations in which are found from the 17th cent.), Italian oftalmo- (formations in which are found from at least the early 19th cent.), German ophthalmo- (formations in which are found from at least the first half of the 19th cent.). Chiefly Medicine. Of or relating to the eye. † ophthalmatrophy n. [compare scientific Latin ophthalmatrophia (1834 or earlier)] Obsolete rare atrophy of the eye; phthisis bulbi. ΚΠ 1857 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Ophthalmatrophia, term for atrophy or wasting away of the eye: ophthalmatrophy. † ophthalmoblennorrhoea n. [after German Ophthalmoblennorrhöe (1842 in the passage translated in quot. 1846); compare French ophthalmoblennorrhée (1889 in Littré)] Obsolete purulent infection of the eye. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > [noun] > mucus discharge > from eyes ophthalmoblennorrhoea1819 1819 Q. Jrnl. Foreign Med. & Surg. 1 403 The sarcomatous state of the lining membrane of the eyelids..which is so apt to remain after ophthalmoblennorhœa or Egyptian ophthalmia. 1846 G. E. Day tr. J. F. Simon Animal Chem. II. 80 The mucus in ophthalmoblennorrhœa..is of a deep yellow colour. † ophthalmocarcinoma n. Obsolete rare carcinoma of the eye.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1833 R. Dunglison New Dict. Med. Sci. II. 107/1 Ophthalmo-carcinoma. † ophthalmocele n. [compare French ophtalmocèle (1889 in Littré as ophthalmocèle)] Obsolete rare exophthalmos.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1833 R. Dunglison New Dict. Med. Sci. II. 107/1 Ophthalmocele. † ophthalmodiastimeter n. Obsolete rare an instrument for the adjustment of lenses to the axes of vision of the eyes. ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1562/2 Ophthalmodiastimeter, an instrument contrived by Landsberg, a Hanoverian optician,..for adjusting the optical axes of lenses to the axis of vision. ophthalmodynia n. Brit. /ɒfˌθalmə(ʊ)ˈdɪnɪə/ , /ɒpˌθalmə(ʊ)ˈdɪnɪə/ , U.S. /ɑpˌθælməˈdɪniə/ , /ɑfˌθælməˈdɪniə/ [after post-classical Latin ophthalmodinia (J. J. Plenck Doctrina de Morbis Oculorum (1777) 83); compare French ophtalmodynie (dated 1868 in Robert Dict. alphabétique et analogique (1986))] rare pain in the eye, esp. of a neuralgic type. ΚΠ 1807 R. Morris & J. Kendrick Edinb. Med. & Physical Dict. II Ophthalmodynia, a violent pain in the eye, without, or at least with very little, redness. 1979 Southern Med. Jrnl. 72 1504 (title) Visine in ophthalmodynia. 1988 European Neurol. 28 222 (table) Ophthalmodynia, burning of the eyes. ophthalmography n. Brit. /ˌɒfθalˈmɒɡrəfi/ , /ˌɒpθalˈmɒɡrəfi/ , U.S. /ˌɑpθælˈmɑɡrəfi/ , /ˌɑfθælˈmɑɡrəfi/ [probably after post-classical Latin ophthalmographia (1632 or earlier); compare French ophtalmographie (1690)] †(a) a treatise on the structure and function or diseases of the eye; (b) imaging of the eye by radiological or other means. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > study of body > study of sense organs > [noun] > eye ophthalmography1713 pupillometry1899 1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. iv. ii. 88 That accurate Surveyor of the Eye, Dr. Briggs, whose Ophthalmography I have met with since penning this part of my Survey. [ W. Briggs Ophthalmographia, sive Oculi, ejusque Partium descriptio anatomica, 1676.] 1975 Bibliotheca Ophthalmologica 83 163 The complicated combination of different histological details cannot be revealed through clinical echo-ophthalmography.] 1999 Current Eye Res. 18 417 Ophthalmography was conducted before and 30 minutes after drug administration. † ophthalmolith n. [compare French ophthalmolithe (1889 in Littré); with sense ophthalmography n. (b) compare German Ophthalmolith (1880 or earlier)] Obsolete (a) a lachrymal concretion or calculus (rare); (b) Zoology a granule of guanine and lime in the choroid of a fish's eye (rare).Sense (a) is apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1892 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Ophthalmolith, a lacrimal concretion. 1894 Philos. Trans. 1893 (Royal Soc.) B. 184 782 They found the same compound [sc. guanin combined with lime] in the tapetum of Elasmobranchs, forming the granules called ophthalmoliths by Delle Chiaje. † ophthalmophthisis n. Obsolete rare phthisis bulbi.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1848 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 7) Ophthalmophthisis, ophthalmophtharsis. † ophthalmoplasty n. Obsolete rare the fitting of an artificial eye; (also) plastic surgery of the eye or surrounding parts.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1892 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Ophthalmoplasty, the application of an artificial eye. Also, plastic operations upon the eyelids and parts about the eyes or on the eye itself. ophthalmoplegy n. Brit. /ɒfˈθalməplɛdʒi/ , /ɒpˈθalməplɛdʒi/ , U.S. /ɑpˈθælməˌplɛdʒi/ , /ɑfˈθælməˌplɛdʒi/ [compare French ophtalmoplégie (dated 1878 in Robert Dict. alphabétique et analogique (1986))] rare = ophthalmoplegia n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [noun] > other disorders of eye holks1513 red heat1527 hypopyon1706 photophobia1772 buphthalmos1821 ophthalmoplegia1835 periorbitis1839 ophthalmoplegy1848 pinguecule1858 choked disc1870 optic neuritis1873 cyclitis1879 papillitis1879 Leber's disease1890 ophthalmopathy1897 papilloedema1908 sanpaku1963 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > convulsive or paralytic disorders > [noun] > palsy or paralysis > paralysis of eyes or eyelids ptosis1710 ophthalmoplegia1835 ophthalmoplegy1848 iridoplegia1878 cycloplegia1902 1848 J. Craig New Universal Dict. Ophthalmoplegy. 1997 Internat. Jrnl. Pediatric Otorhinolaryngol. 39 77 Following an upper respiratory tract infection, headache, bilateral periorbital pain and swelling,..and ophthalmoplegy developed. † ophthalmostate n. [compare French ophtalmostat (dated 1868 in Robert Dict. alphabétique et analogique (1986))] Obsolete rare an instrument for holding the eye open and in a fixed position for surgery.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1857 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Ophthalmostatum Instrumentum, name of an instrument for separating the eyelids and fixing the eyeballs in the more important operations; also called Speculum oculi: an ophthalmostate. † ophthalmotomy n. [compare French ophtalmotomie (1803)] Obsolete rare the dissection, incision, or enucleation of the eye.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1833 R. Dunglison New Dict. Med. Sci. II. 107/2 Ophthalmotomy, the part of anatomy which treats of the dissection of the eye. It has, also, been applied to extirpation of the eye. † ophthalmotonometer n. Obsolete rare an instrument for measuring the eye, esp. the radius of curvature of the cornea.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Ophthalmotonometer, an instrument for measuring the eye, especially for determining the radius of curvature of the cornea. ophthalmotonometry n. Brit. /ɒfˌθalmə(ʊ)tə(ʊ)ˈnɒmᵻtri/ , /ɒpˌθalmə(ʊ)tə(ʊ)ˈnɒmᵻtri/ , U.S. /ɑpˌθælmoʊˌtoʊˈnɑmətri/ , /ɑfˌθælmoʊˌtoʊˈnɑmətri/ rare measurement of the eye, esp. of the radius of curvature of the cornea or of intraocular pressure. ΚΠ 1890 Cent. Dict. Ophthalmotonometry, the mensuration of the eyeball, especially the determination of the curvature of the cornea. 1986 Methods & Findings Exper. & Clin. Pharmacol. 8 679 A contribution to indirect ophthalmotonometry in beagles. ophthalmotrope n. Brit. /ɒfˈθalmə(ʊ)trəʊp/ , /ɒpˈθalmə(ʊ)trəʊp/ , U.S. /ɑpˈθælməˌtroʊp/ , /ɑfˈθælməˌtroʊp/ a mechanical model used to demonstrate or study the actions of the ocular muscles. ΚΠ 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Ophthalmotrope, apparatus for demonstrating the various movements of the eyes. 1965 Science 12 Nov. 924/1 (caption) Helmholtz used ophthalmotrope..in 19th-century study of vision. 1978 Amer. Jrnl. Optometry & Physiol. Optics 55 371 One method uses an ophthalmotrope, which will assess the tensions and the lengths of the muscles. 1990 Documenta Ophthalmologica 74 95 Many mechanical models of eye movements, ophthalmotropes, have been constructed and studied in the nineteenth century. † ophthalmotropometer n. [ < German Ophthalmotropometer (1873 or earlier) < ophthalmo- + tropo- (in Tropologie tropology n.) + -meter -meter comb. form²] Obsolete rare an instrument for measuring the lateral movements of the eye. ΚΠ 1876 Catal. Special Loan Coll. Sci. Apparatus S. Kensington Mus. 552 Ophthalmotropometer. An apparatus for determining the movements to right and left of each eye. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1713
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