out-prefix

In verb and adjective formations, primary stress is typically retained by the element that follows the prefix. In noun formations, primary stress is usually attracted to the prefix itself.

Forms: see out adv., int., and prep.

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: out adv.

Etymology: < out adv.In Old English out adv. was already prefixed (1) to ordinary nouns in the sense ‘that is without’, ‘out-lying’, ‘external’, as in outland n., ūthere an army belonging to or coming from without, a foreign army; (2) to verbal nouns and nouns of action and agent nouns derived from verbal roots, as ūtfær , ūtfaru , ūtfæreld , ūtgang , going out, exit, departure, ūtdrǣf , expulsion, ūtdrǣfere one who drives out, ūtlād carriage out, exportation, ūtryne running out, excursion, expiry; (3) to elements forming adjectives, either related to the nouns in (1), as ūtlende , ūtlendisc , outlandish, foreign, or derived from verbs (participial adjectives), ūtiernende out-running, purgative. In these ‘nominal compounds’ the stress was always on the prefix. (Note that the prefix is not consistently joined to the noun in the manuscripts.) For cognates or parallels in other Germanic languages see e.g. outland n., outgang n., outrune n. With verbs, ūt like other adverbs formed separable collocations or semi-compounds. (For cognates or parallels in other Germanic languages see e.g. outbring v., outgo v., outsend v., outshoot v.) In these the position of the adverb was shifted according to the construction of the sentence, as in the separable compound verbs of modern German (although in Old English the order was not so rigid). Thus, ūt followed the verb in the imperative, as gā ūt! adō ūt þone bēam , and in the present and past indicative in the principal sentence, as he cymþ ūt , he eode ūt , þa flugon hī ūt . But in the subordinate clause, and in all other moods or parts of the verb, including the infinitive and participles, and all nominal derivatives, the adverb stood immediately in front of the verb; thus þā he ūt cymþ when he comes out, gif he ūt cyme if he come out, nū wille we ūt gān now will we go out, ūt gangendum þam mōnþe on the month going out. In Old English the adverb was regularly written separately; but in translations from Latin, compound verbs in ex- were sometimes rendered by compound verbs in ūt- in which the adverb was retained before the verb in the principal sentence; compare:eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) xviii. 4 (5) In omnem terram exiuit sonus eorum : in alle eorðan uteode [MS. ut eode] swoeg heara. The regular position of ūt before the verb in the infinitive, gerund, and participles naturally tended to make the collocation pass into a compound, especially when these were used as nouns or adjectives; and this is why outgoing , outgoer , outgone belong in meaning to go out , outstretching , outstretched to stretch out , outgrowing , outgrowth to grow out , outlook , outlooker to look out . It is only in later English that such collocations as a going-out dress, a clearing-out of cupboards, the bringers-out of a new play, or a well thought-out article have become possible. As to the verbs themselves, in Middle English, usage became more elastic. On the one hand, the adverb began to be placed after or away from the verb in the subordinate sentence, the infinitive, etc.; on the other hand the older usage of the infinitive in ūt gān , and the like, was often extended to the indicative, so that we find he out yede , the blod out brast . This was partly due to a general levelling and loss of old syntactic distinctions, so that beside he sprang out and then sprang he out , it became allowable also to say he out sprang and out sprang he , in both of which the adverb stands before the verb. These novelties in word order were especially employed by metrical writers as facilitating the exigencies of rhythm and rhyme, and it is chiefly in metrical compositions that they are found. In Middle English the elements were still commonly separated in writing; but modern editors have usually hyphenated or joined these collocations as compounds. Compounds also occur in translations from Latin, above all in the works of Wyclif, in which Latin verbs and nouns in ex- are constantly rendered by English verbs preceded by out . Middle Eng. Dict. lists about 35 such calques. N.E.D. suggested s.v. under- prefix¹ that these contributed to the establishment of the practice of forming such calques in English. Against this estimation of their importance it must be noted that very few of the calques in out- seem to have acquired any currency. Compare Old Icelandic út-setning , which may be a calque on post-classical Latin excommunicatio excommunication n. As a result of these various causes, there are numerous quasi-compound verbs in out- in occasional use, chiefly poetical, in precisely the same sense as the ordinary prose form in which the simple verb is followed by the adverb, e.g. out-pour = pour out . Not infrequently, moreover, where out stands before a verb as a mere metrical or poetical inversion, as in ‘A frightful clamour from the wall out broke’, ‘Out went the townsmen all in starch’, the two words, though merely inversions of broke out , went out , are hyphenated as if compounds. The tendency so to treat them is probably strengthened by the existence of outbreak (noun), outbreaker , outbreaking , outbroken , outcome , outcoming , and the like. But in these latter the position of the adverb is original, and the stress is on out , while in out broke , out went , the stress is on the verb. On these accounts it is difficult to deal satisfactorily with the hyphenated quasi-compounds in out- . Such as seem of importance, or occur as senses of out- verbs having other senses, are given among the main words (where it is often indicated that they are not true compounds, or are only poetical); others are given in this article, but no attempt has been made to exhaust them. The same is true of verbal nouns, and participial adjectives in -ing , participial adjectives in -ed , -en , etc., and agent nouns in -er , which are permanent possibilities from any verb that can be followed by out , as in outgoing , outgone , outgoer , from go out . In many cases it is difficult to say whether an out- verb recorded chiefly in non-finite forms is truly a compound or simply a syntactically inverted form of a phrasal verb containing out , and likewise whether a noun or adjective with out- should be derived from an out- verb or from a phrasal verb with out : in many main entries both possibilities are allowed for. True compound verbs in out- are those in which the sense of surpassing, exceeding, or beating in some action is conveyed, as in outdo , outlive , outbid , outnumber , outface , and the various extensions of these contained in branch 4. These are of later origin: a very few (e.g. outlive, outpass, outrun) appear during the 15th cent.; they increase gradually during the 16th cent. (outproffer = outbid, and outcry, out-eat, outgo, outrhyme, outride, outrow in Palsgrave), and become numerous only c1600, being freely and boldly employed by Shakespeare, who is our earliest authority for many of them, including the curious group typified by ‘to outfrown frowns’, ‘to out-Herod Herod’. It is not clear how this usage arose, or to what sense of out it is to be referred. But the earlier of these out-compounds were in nearly every instance preceded by a form with over-. Thus outlive (late 15th cent.) was preceded in same sense by overlive (in Old English; compare French survivre); outpass (early 15th cent.) was preceded by overpass (14th cent.); compare French surpasser); outweigh (16th cent.) was preceded by overweigh (13th cent.). It would seem therefore that out- has here the sense of ‘beyond’. It is possible however that in outlive there entered in some association with out adv. 9b, 21, as if it were ‘to live to see another out or at an end’. One who outbids another, bids beyond his rival until he drives him out of the contest. Compare also the relation of the two notions in ‘the ship outrode the storm’, and ‘the horseman outrode his pursuers’, or ‘he outrode all competitors in the race’. In accordance with the general stress patterns of English, primary stress typically occurs on the second or subsequent syllable in verbs formed on out-, whilst in noun formations the stress is usually word-initial. In the case of adjectival compounds, stress falls on either the first or second syllable, depending on the total number of syllables, and on whether the formation occurs in predicative or attributive use. Contrastive use may, in all cases, give rise contextually to primary stress on the first syllable in compounds where the stress ordinarily falls elsewhere.

1. Forming nouns.

a. Prefixed to ordinary nouns.Of these a few existed already in Old English, e.g. outland n., ūtgārsecg the outer ocean (see ocean n.), ūtgemǣre extreme boundary, ūthealf external side, outside, ūtweald outlying wood; ūthere foreign army, ūtwīcing foreign pirate or viking. The number of these has in later times been greatly increased. Those of longer standing are written as single words; in the more recent, the two elements are usually hyphenated, but they are also sometimes written separately, in which case out functions as an adjective = ‘external, exterior, outlying, outer’: see out adj. As the meaning is the same either way, the separation or hyphenating of the two elements is in many cases optional. (Cf. back- comb. form.)

(a) With the sense ‘outlying, situated outside the bounds (esp. of a town or city), remote from the centre’; (also) ‘outside a central building, out of doors’. See also outchamber n., outfield n., outhouse n., outland n., outport n.¹, outwork n.

(i)

† out-appurtenance n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 138 In Spaine and those out-appurtenances.

† out-borough n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > town by situation

thoroughfare1424

thoroughfare town1515

outtown?1517

sea-town1578

frontier1604

by-town1683

out-borough1832

out-township1837

1832 Act 2 & 3 William IV c. 64 Sched. O. 16 The boundary of the out-borough of Hertford.

† out-bridge n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1670 A. Marvell Let. 14 June in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 108 There is..discourse..concerning the out bridges as Mighton bridge [etc.].

† out-butchery n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

c1460 in C. Coates Hist. & Antiq. Reading (1802) 35 Certen Stalls and Shoppes, called the Out-bochery, otherwise called the Flesh-shambles, in Reding.

† out-chapel n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 123 Other..are said to have..obteined some out-Chappel to have their Masse in.

1894 Atlantic Monthly May 638/1 We followed him through the village and up the steep rocks to the south, where stands a little out-chapel.

out-city n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌsɪti/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌsɪdi/

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > city > [noun] > other types of city

kine-burghc1225

City of Goda1382

city of refuge (alsorefute)a1425

mother city?a1425

imperial city1550

city dwelling1613

second city1621

out-city1642

garden town1835

hoard-burg1895

garden city1898

cathedral city1902

parasitopolis1927

twin city1973

arcology1985

sustainable city1986

1642 D. Rogers Naaman 842 The out-cities of Egypt.

1990 Nation (Nexis) 17 Sept. 280 Its car-based ‘edge cities,’—or, more recently and accurately, ‘outcities,’ in the words of Architecture magazine—denied any semblance of urbanity or community in their form, if not their nomenclature.

out-country n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌkʌntri/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌkəntri/

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun] > remote or outlying area

nookc1480

out-country1639

outland1645

remoteness1694

backwoods1709

back county1775

remote1838

Mountains of the Moon1852

nowhere1871

the sticks1899

way back1901

downstate1905

back o' Bourke1918

far-back1926

woop woop1926

boohai?1946

bundu1946

Dogpatch1946

outback1954

toolies1961

upstate1965

Watford1973

1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre i. xviii. 28 They had pasturage to feed their cattel in, in out-countreys beyond Palestine.

1960 Canad. Jrnl. Econ. & Polit. Sci. 26 535 If the feudal game fell flat in the out-country, in the budding cities of Quebec and Montreal it could be, and was, played with more vraisemblance.

out-district n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌdɪstrɪkt/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌdɪstrɪk(t)/

ΚΠ

1835 Ross's Hobart Town Almanack & Van Diemen's Land Ann. 191 The carelessness of persons engaged in the out-districts, the remote stockkeepers.

1917 R. Kipling Diversity of Creatures 4 DeForest, whose business it is to know the out districts, told us that it..was about half an hour's run from end to end.

1986 Mod. Asian Stud. 20 357 After discussing..the disaffection prevailing in the outdistricts,..he suggested that it would be unjust for the country to be incorporated within Sarawak.

† out-garth n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-garth.

out-hut n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊthʌt/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌhət/

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > outhouse(s) > [noun]

little houseOE

outhouse1301

housingc1384

house of officec1405

officesa1422

easement?a1425

shed1457

outhousing1583

outbuilding1600

outroom1602

outoffice1630

office-house1632

out-hut1856

shedding1883

nushnik1945

1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xi. 122 Some little out-huts, or, as I at first thought them, dog-kennels.

1874 in R. P. Falla Knocking About (1976) 6 Some of the out huts belonging to this station are from forty to sixty miles away from the home-station.

1933 E. Jones Autobiogr. Early Settler 60 Nowadays, I believe most of the runs have out-huts built to save the trouble of shifting the tents etc.

out-kitchen n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌkɪtʃ(ᵻ)n/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌkɪtʃən/

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > cooking establishment or kitchen > [noun]

kitcheneOE

kitchie1538

cookhouse1563

cookery1572

out-kitchen1590

cook-room1602

cook-room1606

cookshop1857

kitchenette1870

1590 in F. G. Emmison Essex Wills (1998) (modernized text) XI. 83 To my wife, Thomas and William the lease of my ‘owt houses’, barns, outkitchen and sheds.

1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 83 An Out-Kitchen of a Gentleman's-House.

1849 C. Brontë Shirley II. ii. 46 The back part of the house is extremely ancient, and it is said that the out-kitchens there were once enclosed in the churchyard.

1996 Washington Post (Nexis) 1 Nov. n56 When we reached the outkitchen, we were greeted by a young woman in costume carding wool.

† out-labour n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-labour.

† out-oven n. U.S. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1583/1 The out-oven, as it is called, was commoner aforetime than now... It..has a domed chamber, is built of brick, and is heated by means of light wood or sticks burned inside.

a1918 J. C. Hartzell Ohio Volunteer (2005) viii. 73 A fellow who never saw anything but this slick, shiny, baker's bread would almost certainly faint away could he behold and taste one of these loaves from your Grandmother's old out-oven.

1925 T. L. Wall Clearfield County, Penn. 49 Most of the baking was done in an out oven made of clay and later of brick.

† out-rick n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1776 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (ed. 4, octavo) I. i. 78 In Dauphinè..they [sc. bears] make great havoke among the out-ricks of the poor farmers.

out-school n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtskuːl/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌskul/

ΚΠ

1927 Scots Observer 8 Oct. 11/4 Back this summer from six months in the district in charge of out-schools.

1957 V. W. Turner Schism & Continuity in Afr. Society v. 154 Chikimbu was the problem child of the local Mission out-school.

1998 Internat. Jrnl. Afr. Hist. Stud. 31 284 With Jeanes teachers working to upgrade the outschools, the mission might..be able to expand further with less investment.

outshed n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtʃɛd/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌʃɛd/

ΚΠ

1799 European Mag. Dec. 385 In a contiguous outshed stood a trunk, containing the poor man's wardrobe.

1804 Sydney Gaz. 7 Oct. 2 Such out-sheds as were contiguous were also burnt.

1895 J. Roberts Diary 6 This led into someone's outshed.

1986 B. Okri Incidents at Shrine (1987) 33 He had to sit in a hut outshed and wait for his contact man.

2017 S. McMurry Pennsylvania Farming vii. 106 This elegant brick structure had a two-story bankside outshed that housed a windmill.

outtown n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊttaʊn/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌtaʊn/

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > town by situation

thoroughfare1424

thoroughfare town1515

outtown?1517

sea-town1578

frontier1604

by-town1683

out-borough1832

out-township1837

?1517–18 Bardwell Town Wardens Accts. in Proc. Suffolk Inst. Archaeol. & Nat. Hist. (1901) 11 118 Memorandum, that Thomas Cage hathe received for the taxke of lordchepys and of owtonys ffyrste, received of Mr. Bronde [etc.].

1690 C. D. New England's Faction in Andros Tracts (1869) II. 216 No suitable Provision was made for our out-Towns and Frontiers.

1975 A. J. Robinson Econ. & New Towns iii. 90 The population of the new town would be 100,000 with 75,000 in the outtown component and 25,000 in the intown component.

1987 in Amer. Q. (1994) 46 5 Declaring that ‘the major urban form of our age’ is ‘the outtown’, he described it as an automobile-oriented, ‘new-style commercial center’.

2018 Z. L. Clark & N. Eliopulos Twilight of Elves iii. 48 The recent snow had left outtown veiled in white.

out-township n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌtaʊnʃɪp/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌtaʊnʃɪp/

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > town by situation

thoroughfare1424

thoroughfare town1515

outtown?1517

sea-town1578

frontier1604

by-town1683

out-borough1832

out-township1837

1837 R. Cobden Let. 15 Dec. (2007) I. 119 Our chief difficulty appears to be likely to arise from the unwillingness of the out townships, such as Chorlton-upon-Medlock &c, to be united with the township of Manchester.

1884 Manch. Examiner 22 Feb. 5/2 Three of the out-townships had resolved..to become corporate members of the municipality.

1974 Times Lit. Suppl. 27 Sept. 1039/3 The difference..in life-style between employing families of similar income levels in the town centre, the out-townships and the country..appears to show that the out-townships..were..the centres in which conspicuous consumption by the employers developed last.

1994 M. Yasumoto Industrialisation, Urbanisation & Demogr. Change Eng. ii. 100 The in-town, the industrial out-township (Bramley), and the agricultural out-township (Chapel Allerton) all had their own death distribution.

out-village n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌvɪlɪdʒ/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌvɪlɪdʒ/

now rare

ΚΠ

a1628 F. Greville Trag. Cicero (1651) sig. D1/2 Others remove their families and goods Into out-villages, or stronger places Within the City.

1730 B. Willis Notitia Parliamentaria 108 The Borough of and Out-Village of Wicombe.

1913 76th Ann. Rep. Board Foreign Missions (Presbyterian Church in U.S.A.) 379 Congregations have regularly met in two out-villages. Attendance, including the out-villages, has averaged 130.

a1968 J. M. Hartzell in J. Acocella Mission to Siam (2001) iii. 81 There is talk of the out-village work being turned over to Lott and me entirely.

(ii)

† out-freedom n. Scots Law Obsolete rare the right to a share of common land outside a town.

ΚΠ

1527–8 in Orkney & Shetland Rec. (1907) I. 109 Infredome and outfredoma, with all maner of rychtyis pertinentis..tyll the said thre makis of land [sc. Clouston, Stenness].

1798 C. Cruttwell Univ. Gazetteer III. at Stronsa It is the common pasture or out-freedom of all the farms and houses adjacent to it.

out-ground n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtɡraʊnd/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌɡraʊnd/

outlying ground.

ΚΠ

1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng viii. f. 9 The lordes tenauntes haue commen in all suche out groundes with their catell.

1909 Westm. Gaz. 5 June 2/2 Might take a time, tu, an' see w'er there's any o' they whiting left to the out-ground o' Refuge Cove.

1991 Police Nov. 26/3 With the range of assignments encompassing the supervision of an out-grounds crew to processing inmates..the tendency to have your greatest asset, familiarity, become a liability is always present.

outyard n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtjɑːd/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌjɑrd/

an outlying yard; (Bee-keeping) a site for hives away from the main hive.

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > courtyard > [noun] > (back or front) yard

yardOE

backside1450

stead1546

outyard1600

lot1657

backyard1659

outlet1667

area1712

back lot1714

backlet1724

door-yardc1764

front yard1767

rear yard1800

tenement yard1874

sitooterie1994

1600 T. Nashe Summer's Last Will & Test. sig. H3 I keepe open house for all the beggers, in some of my out-yardes.

1758 L. Carter Diary 10 Mar. (1965) I. 203 My out yards..I intend to Manure.

1988 New Yorker 9 May 45/1 I keep three hundred hives of bees in groups of ten or twelve in what are called outyards, on other farmers' land.

(b)

(i) With the sense ‘living, residing, or employed outside (a house, hospital, borough, city, country, etc.)’, usually as distinguished from people of equivalent rank or occupation residing or employed inside. See also outdweller n., outpatient n., outpensioner n.

out-burgess n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌbəːdʒᵻs/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌbərdʒəs/

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > town- or city-dweller > [noun] > dweller outside town or city

out-burgess1459

outsetter1674

outen-town1677

out-citizen1847

extramuralist1868

outen-towner1882

1459 Perth Guildry in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (1983) V. 177/2 That na out burges be made for the space forsaide be na maner of wais.

1858 J. F. Morgan Eng. under Norman Occup. vi. 156 In many places we find a distinction made between burgesses within the walls and out-burgesses or suburbans.

1986 Hist. Jrnl. 29 953 Slingsby was appointed an ‘out-burgess’ at Newtown by his fellow commissioners.

† out-citizen n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > town- or city-dweller > [noun] > dweller outside town or city

out-burgess1459

outsetter1674

outen-town1677

out-citizen1847

extramuralist1868

outen-towner1882

1847 G. Grote Hist. Greece IV. ii. xxxvi. 446 Kleruchs or out-citizens whom the Athenians had planted..in the neighbouring territory of Chalkis.

out-clerk n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtklɑːk/

/ˈaʊtkləːk/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌklərk/

ΚΠ

1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 282. ⁋6 Out Clerk..has this Christmas so over-deckt the Church with Greens, that he has quite spoilt my Prospect.

1972 Econ. Hist. Rev. 25 580 The two out-clerks of the Devonshire Hall..were dismissed for serious abuses.

† out-company n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > group living abroad

out-detachmenta1770

out-company1793

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §101 The out-company not to return home till the in-company is carried out to relieve them.

1903 N.E.D. at Outman sb. A member of an out-company, one whose work is outside.

† out-detachment n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > group living abroad

out-detachmenta1770

out-company1793

a1770 A. Hervey Jrnl. (1953) (modernized text) 193 Orders should immediately be sent to the commanding officers of all the out-detachments.

1815 Chron. in Ann. Reg. 74 The out-detachments of the Scotch brigade are called in.

† out-nurse n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1909 Englishwoman Apr. 269 If she has a baby, it has to be dragged from bed and carried to some out-nurse.

out-poor n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtpɔː/

/ˈaʊtpʊə/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌpʊ(ə)r/

/ˈaʊtˌpɔr/

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > [noun] > poor person > poor person in receipt of relief > not in an institution

out-poor1781

out-relief1904

1781 T. Gilbert Plan Relief Poor 9 The greatest Caution must be used..in settling and superintending those Out-poor.

1840 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 2 434 A classified Return of the Expenditure at the Birmingham Workhouse, with the average Number of Cases of In and Out-poor in each Year.

1977 Hist. Jrnl. 20 348 The aged and the chronically sick were the permanent outpoor.

out-porter n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌpɔːtə/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌpɔrdər/

ΚΠ

1902 Chambers's Jrnl. Nov. 717/2 ‘Boots’ will select for him that out-porter who will most briskly wheel his colossal pile of cases.

1989 H. Horwood Joey ix. 146 Two of the three outporters in the interim Cabinet hastened to buy or build houses in St. John's, and to move there permanently.

† out-pupil n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

society > education > learning > learner > one attending school > [noun] > day pupil

day scholar1699

day-boy1750

day boarder1758

day pupil1784

day student1795

home boarder1816

day girl1831

out-pupil1841

extern1848

daybug1909

1841 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 4 52 The boys have other lessons given them at home; but in all other respects they are considered as out-pupils of the college which they attend.

1867 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. Feb. 71 He is an out-pupil; not in any master's house.

† out-ranger n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1715 London Gaz. No. 5383/4 Thomas Onslow, Esq., to be Out-Rainger of Windsor Forest.

out-servant n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌsəːv(ə)nt/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌsərvənt/

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > servant who lives out

out-servant1745

1745 J. Swift Direct. to Servants 76 Perhaps one of the Out-Servants, had through Malice,..flung in the Stone.

1990 Econ. Hist. Rev. 43 99 They are made up mostly of the cottagers and paupers, common soldiers, and labouring people and outservants.

† out-soul n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1840 R. Browning Sordello iii. 335 How dared I let expand the force Within me, till some out-soul..should direct it?

† out-steward n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1501 G. Douglas Palace of Honour iii. lix Outstewartis and catouris to ȝone king.

† out-student n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

society > education > learning > learner > college or university student > [noun] > one living in specific place

portionist?1566

hosteler1577

hallier1587

oppidan1645

portioner1740

non-gremial1766

bursar1831

out-student1835

hosteleress1850

1835 T. B. Macaulay in G. O. Trevelyan Competition Wallah (1866) 325 Amount realized from the out-students of English for the months of May, June, and July.

1886 New Englander (New Haven, Connecticut) June 592 In Cambridge, the student adopting this plan becomes an ‘out student’ and is a non-resident member of one of the colleges.

(ii) With the sense ‘foreign, from another region’.

† out-freeman n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1847 G. Grote Hist. Greece III. ii. xii. 222 The large number of..Kleruchs or out-freemen, whom Athens quartered upon their lands.

† out-folk n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > town- or city-dweller > [noun] > dweller outside town or city > collectively

out-folk1493

perioecus1846

1493 Charter in A. Laing Lindores Abbey (1876) xvii. 180 Purchessing of Outfolkis bringing thaim to the burgh.

† out-merchant n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1865 W. Morris in J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris (1899) I. 171 O my merchants, whence come ye? Out-merchants from the sea.

† out-people n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iv. 113 With the like regard..ought the out-people to enter.

(iii)

† out-brother n. Obsolete a male beneficiary of a charitable foundation receiving alms but not living in.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > monasticism > monk > [noun] > living outside monastery

out-brother1565

externc1610

1565 in J. Strype Life Matthew Parker (1821) III. ii. App. 40 We will that none, having our dispensation to be an out-brother or sister, be suffered to be an in-brother or sister, until he or she hath surrendred to us and our successors his or her dispensation.

1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 3 If they would bestowe vpon him but a slender outbrothers annuity of mutton & broth.

a1768 T. Secker Speculum (1995) 44 13–8–0 for the maintenance of out brothers & sisters, & 4£ being an Increase, for such of the In-brothers as the Master shall think poorest.

1785 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 625/1 Each hospital has 60 brothers and sisters, in all 120. [Note] Viz. 30 in-brothers and sisters, with 5 out-brothers and sisters, at or near Canterbury.

1866 Sessional Papers (1904) (House of Commons) 43 591 The trustees shall be at liberty at any time..to increase the number of in-brethren by filling any vacancy occurring among the out-brethren by an election of an in-brother, or by electing any out-brother with his consent to be an in-brother.

† out-sister n. Obsolete a female beneficiary of a charitable institution receiving alms but not living in.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > healer > nurse > [noun] > sister > types of

out-sister1565

sister tutor1918

casualty sister1925

theatre sister1935

society > faith > church government > monasticism > nun > [noun] > resident in convent > not resident

out-sister1565

1609 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/5) Rec. of the enterance of a novt syster vjs viijd.

1785 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 625/1 Each hospital has 60 brothers and sisters, in all 120. [Note] Viz. 30 in-brothers and sisters, with 5 out-brothers and sisters, at or near Canterbury [etc.].

1799 E. Hasted Hist. & Topogr. Surv. Kent 628/1 Each of the said in-brothers and in-sisters to have a several dwelling and lodging within the hospital, and 26s. 8d. by the year, and one load of wood to be delivered cost free, between Midsummer and Michaelmas; and each of the out-brothers and out-sisters to have 26s. 8d. by the year only.

1828 W. H. Ireland England's Topogr. 134 Instead of the former custom of lodging and relieving travellers,..there should be five in-brothers and five in-sisters, poor and disabled, to have a separate dwelling and lodging within the building; and five other out-brothers and out-sisters, all of whom should have yearly pensions.

† out-suitor n. Scots Law Obsolete rare a suitor (in a Baronial Court) living outside the Barony; cf. in-suitor n.

ΚΠ

?a1600 Forme of Baron Courts i. §3 in J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem (1609) 100 Then the Serjand aught to gar call the soytours anes simplie: First the out soytours of the court.

(c) With the sense ‘exterior, external, outward, relating to the outside world’. See also outbounds n., outline n., outside n.

(i)

† out-array n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > outerwear > [noun]

robesc1330

overclothing1425

out-clothing1496

shaping apparel1564

outside1600

out-garment1634

out-dressa1637

out-array1647

superinvestiture1681

overclothes1824

outer clothing1841

hap1868

outerwear1883

overwear1885

shaping clothes1894

outwear1935

1647 H. More Philos. Poems i. ii. xiii Next that is Psyche's out-array.

† out-blemish n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1601 W. Cornwallis Disc. Seneca sig. G8 Parents..finde a louelinesse in their [sc. children's] out-blemishes, and tolerate their inward.

† out-border n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > utmost or extreme boundary

finea1400

outgoinga1425

outboundsc1540

verge1597

termination1603

outmost1634

out-limit1650

out-border1652

1652 W. Blith Eng. Improver Improved 56 Certain Creeks or corners of Land running into the up-lands, and upon the out-skirts of the Fens, and many out-borders that are only anoyed with their own, and the swelling of the natural Fen-waters.

1770 Ann. Reg. 1769 229 The horse..dispersed them to the out-borders of the field.

† out-bough n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 309 Some Olives left on the out-boughes, after the tree is most shaken.

out-branch n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtbrɑːn(t)ʃ/

/ˈaʊtbran(t)ʃ/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌbræn(t)ʃ/

ΚΠ

1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 118 I gather'd a large Quantity of the Grapes, and hung them up upon the out Branches of the Trees, that they might cure and dry in the Sun.

2000 Houston Chron. (Nexis) 1 Nov. (‘This Week’ section) 1 Another outbranch of CCEMS is its tactical medical program, which comprises emergency medical personnel who are trained to work with law enforcement officers during crisis situations.

† out-case n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > instruments for measuring time > watch > [noun] > parts of

barrel1591

motion1605

bezel1616

fusee1622

string1638

crown wheel1646

out-case1651

watch-box1656

nuck1664

watchwork1667

balance-wheel1669

box1675

dial wheel1675

counter-potence1678

pendulum-balance1680

watch-case1681

pillar1684

contrate teeth1696

pinion of report1696

watch-hook1698

bob-balance1701

half-cock1701

potence1704

verge1704

pad1705

movable1709

jewel1711

pendant1721

crystal1722

watch-key1723

pendulum spring1728

lock spring1741

watch-glass1742

watch-spring1761

all-or-nothing piece1764

watch hand1764

cylinder1765

cannon?1780

cannon1802

stackfreed1819

pillar plate1821

little hand1829

hair-spring1830

lunette1832

all-or-nothing1843

locking1851

slag1857

staff1860

case spring1866

stem1866

balance-cock1874

watch-dial1875

balance-spring1881

balance-staff1881

Breguet spring1881

overcoil1881

surprise-piece1881

brass edge1884

button turn1884

fourth wheel1884

fusee-sink1884

pair-case1884

silver bar1884

silver piece1884

slang1884

top plate1884

karrusel1893

watch-face1893

watch bracelet1896

bar-movement1903

jewel pivot1907

jewel bearing1954

society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > case or container > [noun]

casea1382

custody1483

clausure1564

pen-case1577

forel1578

form1594

cap-case1597

cassole1599

scissor case1602

out-case1651

carrying case1867

carry case1897

1651 A. Weamys Contin. Sydney's Arcadia 115 sig. H2 That Majestie was so well composed with Humility, that it seemed but an out case to a more excellent inward virtue.

a1762 Lady M. W. Montagu in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems (1763) III. 31 As on the margin of a stream he stood, Slow rolling from that paradise within, A snake's out-case untenanted he view'd.

† out-clothing n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > outerwear > [noun]

robesc1330

overclothing1425

out-clothing1496

shaping apparel1564

outside1600

out-garment1634

out-dressa1637

out-array1647

superinvestiture1681

overclothes1824

outer clothing1841

hap1868

outerwear1883

overwear1885

shaping clothes1894

outwear1935

1496 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (de Worde) iii. viii. 331/1 The outclothynge of men of holy chirche.

out-edge n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtɛdʒ/

U.S.

/ˈaʊdˌɛdʒ/

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > [noun] > outer edge

fringea1639

rim1662

out-edge1760

1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy I. xiii. 76 To the very out-edge and circumference of that cirle [sic].

1991 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 326 359 We say that the terminal vertex u of the out-edge is associated to v.

† out-entry n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1645 S. Rutherford Tryal & Trivmph of Faith (1845) xxi. 281 The mouth, throat, and out-entry of hell.

† out-form n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1616 B. Jonson Epigrammes cxiiii, in Wks. I. 806 Cvpid, who (at first) tooke vaine delight, In meere out-formes, vntill he lost his sight.

† out-garment n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > outerwear > [noun]

robesc1330

overclothing1425

out-clothing1496

shaping apparel1564

outside1600

out-garment1634

out-dressa1637

out-array1647

superinvestiture1681

overclothes1824

outer clothing1841

hap1868

outerwear1883

overwear1885

shaping clothes1894

outwear1935

1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 146 Their out Garment or Vest is commonly of Callico.

1661 S. Pordage Mundorum Explicatio iii. 313 I mean not now This Flesh, and Blood; this gross out-garment though For this indeed is as it were a soul Garment, unto the Body of the Soul.

out-layer n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌleɪə/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌleɪər/

/ˈaʊtˌlɛ(ə)r/

ΚΠ

1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xii. 336 The Beams or Bamboes..are fastned traverse-wise to the Outlayers on each side.

1920 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 50 76 Lane Fox..points out..the practical utility of a single outlayer for canoes which have but a single outrigger.

1996 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 263 1008/1 Outlayers of this rule could be found for at least three reasons.

out-leaf n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtliːf/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌlif/

ΚΠ

1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 80 The out-leaves hang down and rot; but still new ones come within.

1773–4 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 63 365 Sometimes it imitates pretty exactly the inclosing out-leaves of anemonies.

1980 Washington Post (Nexis) 6 Nov. e1 Green cabbage, which should have green outleaves and white innerleaves, cooks well.

† out-limb n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-limb.

† out-limit n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > utmost or extreme boundary

finea1400

outgoinga1425

outboundsc1540

verge1597

termination1603

outmost1634

out-limit1650

out-border1652

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. ix. 184 The out-limits and boundaries of this..Countrey.

† out-list n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. x. 216 The out-list of Judah fell into the midst of Dans whole cloth.

† out-porch n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > artefacts > division of building (general) > narthex or portico > [noun]

parvisc1387

Galileec1593

portico1607

pronaos1614

propylaeum1637

out-porch1641

ante-temple1670

narthex1673

prostyle1683

opisthodomos1706

peribolos1706

choultry1772

posticum1776

propylon1830

proaulion1842

opisthodome1846

atrium1853

1641 J. Milton Of Reformation 80 Coming to the Bishop..into the Salutatory, some out Porch of the Church.

1888 Gentleman's Mag. May 487 There, in the outporch, emblazoned in large letters and surrounded by quaint old frescoes, was the bull of the Emperor Andronikos.

† out-row n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1715 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture I. ix. 14 The space..between the crossing rows and the out-rows of stones.

† out-sense n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1647 H. More Philos. Poems iii. i. xxix What grosse impressions the out-senses bear The phansie represents.

† out-stair n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

c1720 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture II. xvii. 33 A gallery, on both sides of which I would have plac'd two out-stairs.

† out-terrace n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 233 The vpper roomes of most hauing out-tarrasses.

† out-verge n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1627 J. Speed Eng. Abridged v. §3 The out-verge doth exceed the middle itselfe.

(ii)

out-end n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtɛnd/

U.S.

/ˈaʊdˌɛnd/

the projecting end of a building (cf. outshot n.¹ 2), a lean-to.

ΚΠ

1637 T. Heywood Royall King iv God be with you good Captaine: come Match, let us betake us to our randevous at some out end of the Citty.

1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 122 Out-end, the vent or outlet of anything; the outshot or projecting end of a building.

1961 M. W. Barley Eng. Farmhouse & Cottage ii. iii. 88 Sometimes the third room is called..a ‘backend’, like the backhouse in East Anglia. In two cases it is an ‘outend’, presumably an outshot.

† out-firmament n. Astronomy Obsolete rare the outermost celestial sphere, believed by ancient and medieval astronomers to keep out the waters surrounding the heavens.

ΚΠ

1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi iv. §2. 64 Neither may it seem strange how the out-firmament can be able alwayes to uphold them [sc. the supercelestial waters].

† out-heaven n. Obsolete rare the sky.

ΚΠ

1647 H. More Philos. Poems ii. iii. iii. xv The fixed sunne..shining in this Out-heaven.

(d) With the sense ‘excluded’, ‘out of office’, as out-party. See also out-group n. Cf. out adv. 17b.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > [noun] > the opposition

opposition1704

out?1744

out-party1817

loyal opposition1992

1817 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 32 62 The out party proposed to pass a law [etc.]. The in party said that such a law was unnecessary.

a1860 R. Whately Misc. Remains (1864) 172 An out-party will generally have more zeal and more mutual attachment among its members than an in-party.

1949 Manch. Guardian Weekly 11 Aug. 3 The Opposition is an ‘out’ party in the brawling 18th century sense.

1976 Guardian Weekly 26 Sept. 7/3 Whichever party does not control the White House—the ‘out-party’—does not even have a leader.

(e) With the sense ‘loaned out or invested, not currently in one's own possession’. Cf. out adv. 14f.

† out-money n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > loan > money out on loan

loana1400

out-money1608

loan-money1727

1608 T. Middleton Trick to catch Old-one ii. sig. D2 Let my out-monies be reckond and all.

(f) With the sense ‘having an outward direction, leading out’. See also outway n. Cf. sense 1b(a).

out-path n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtpɑːθ/

/ˈaʊtpaθ/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌpæθ/

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > track, trail, or path > [noun] > with outward direction

outway1571

out-path1573

out-trail1900

1573 T. Cartwright Replye to Answere Whitgifte 27 It is our partes to walke in the broade and beaten way, as it were the common caussie of the commaundement, rather then an outpathe of the example.

1897 G. MacDonald tr. F. Schiller in Rampolli 64 Could I but the outpath follow—Ah, how were my spirit blest!

1992 Social Forces Sept. 18 In-paths are flows into a point while out-paths are flows from a point.

out-trail n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊttreɪl/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌtreɪl/

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > track, trail, or path > [noun] > with outward direction

outway1571

out-path1573

out-trail1900

1900 Daily News 12 Feb. 3/4 The out-trail, the trail that's always new.

a1936 R. Kipling Long Trail in Sel. Poetry (1992) 79 The drum of the racing screw, As she ships it green on the old trail, our own trail, the out trail, As she lifts and 'scends on the Long Trail.

b. Prefixed to nouns of action or movement, agent-nouns, and verbal nouns, cognate with or derived from a simple verb followed by out.Some examples already in Old English: see etymological note above.

(a) With nouns of movement or action, with the sense ‘moving or directed outwards from a point’. See also outbreak n., outburst n., outcome n.², outcry n., outfare n., outgang n., outgrowth n., outlet n.

(i)

† outchuck n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1892 Sat. Rev. 22 Oct. 486/2 Product of design or out-chuck of atoms.

out-flare n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtflɛː/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌflɛ(ə)r/

ΚΠ

1878 R. Browning Two Poets of Croisic lxxiv, in La Saisiaz: Two Poets of Croisic 134 He must puff the flag To fullest outflare.

1997 Time Mag. (Nexis) 17 Nov. 56 Roadblocks manned by gangs of truckers dammed traffic at chokepoints, some with outflares of violence.

out-flight n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtflʌɪt/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌflaɪt/

ΚΠ

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) Job xi. 20 Þe eȝen forsoþe of vnpitouse men shul failen, & out fliȝt shal pershen fro þem.

a1652 R. Brome Madd Couple Well Matcht i. i, in Wks. (1873) I. 18 The inconveniences I have met with in those extravagant outflights.

1975 Amer. Midland Naturalist 93 374 Our counts from the O'Malley roost during the middle of the summer reproductive season..show no evidence of a peak corresponding to initial outflights of young of the year.

† out-flood n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > copious or continuous > instance of

streamc900

wellOE

outstreaminga1398

flood1589

profluvium1603

shower1656

gush1704

outgushing1823

outgush1835

outwelling1852

out-flood1859

1859 W. Arthur Duty of Giving Proport. Income 53 In one eternal outflood benefits stream from Him.

† out-gleam n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1875 D. McLean Gospel in Psalms 342 Outgleam of overawing holiness is here.

† out-jert n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Equippée,..a suddaine, and fantasticall prank, or out-iert; a youthfull flying out of the way.

† out-sally n. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > [noun] > discontinuing of siege > sally

issuea1450

excourse?1520

sally1560

sallying1560

a sault out1560

out-sally1598

outfall1637

sortie1778

razoo1864

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Sortita, an out-rode, an excursion, an out-salie.

out-spurt n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtspəːt/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌspərt/

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > sudden

outleapa1308

outspringinga1398

outleaping1868

out-spurt1876

1876–7 Proc. Royal Soc. 25 440 Stimulation of the anterior crural nerve..caused a considerable outspurt of blood from the muscle-vein.

1934 Proc. Royal Soc. 1933–4 B. 114 239 The outspurt from the veins during the beginning of the tetanus is due to the mechanical expulsion of the blood.

† out-swarm n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1894 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 407 An enthusiastic belief and an outswarm of a tribe.

out-voyage n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌvɔɪᵻdʒ/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌvɔɪɪdʒ/

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > [noun] > a voyage > from home port

out-voyage1808

1808 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. V. 200 The statute [prohibits] any vessel from conveying abroad more than a small number of emigrants in any out-voyage.

1965 E. L. Myles Emperor of Peace River i. x. 105 When next her father returned from his out-voyage..he summoned his daughter.

(ii)

out-stress n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtstrɛs/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌstrɛs/

rare exertion or effort outwards.

ΚΠ

1881 G. M. Hopkins Serm. & Devotional Writings (1959) 197 The first intention then of God outside himself or, as they say, ad extra, outwards, the first outstress of God's power, was Christ; and we must believe that the next was the Blessed Virgin.

1959 D. A. Downes Gerard Manley Hopkins ii. 29 Outstress is the coming to stress out from self. This insight becomes fundamental in his last thoughts.

(b) With agent nouns, with the senses ‘in an outward direction’, (cf. senses 3a and 3b(a)), ‘to completion’ (cf. sense 3b(b)), or ‘to a greater extent than other people’ (cf. sense 4a(b)(i)). For examples of use, see outcomer n., outdoer n. at outdo v. Derivatives, outfitter n., outgoer n., outliver n. at outlive v. Derivatives, outlooker n., outputter n., outsetter n.

(c) Prefixed to verbal nouns in -ing, with the senses ‘moving outwards’ or ‘directed outwards’. See also outbearing n., outbranching n., outbreaking n., outcoming n., outgoing n.

(i)

† out-bolting n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1869 R. Browning Ring & Bk. IV. xii. 204 Not an abrupt out-bolting, as of yore.

† out-bossing n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 138 He graued in a greet out boocing, ymagis of cherubyn.

out-calling n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌkɔːlɪŋ/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌkɔlɪŋ/

/ˈaʊtˌkɑlɪŋ/

ΚΠ

a1698 W. Row Suppl. in R. Blair Life (1848) (modernized text) x. 250 A more general out~calling of the body of the people.

1995 Coloradoan (Fort Collins) 2 Apr. a 10/2 If you've got a PBX (private branch exchange) that does any kind of outcalling to one place or another, it would have to be reprogrammed.

out-flowering n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌflaʊərɪŋ/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌflaʊ(ə)rɪŋ/

ΚΠ

1874 Appletons' Jrnl. 5 Dec. 728/1 This queer, elfin bush, garnished all over its otherwise bare branches..with a most prodigal out-flowering.

1932 M. Joynt tr. L. Gougaud Christianity in Celtic Lands iii. 101 A continuous outflowering of sanctity, prolonged throughout three or four centuries.

2001 Jrnl. Supply Chain Managem. (Nexis) 37 38 The 1990s saw an outflowering of purchasing articles on both sides of the Atlantic dealing with strategic issues.

† out-gadding n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (vii. 8) Their wandering and confused outgaddinges intoo the way.

out-gathering n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌɡað(ə)rɪŋ/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌɡæð(ə)rɪŋ/

ΚΠ

1844 Protestant Q. Rev. Oct. 397/1 The κυριακη εκκλησια, Christ's own outgathering and election of grace, individually chosen, enlightened, quickened and sealed by Him with the Holy Spirit of adoption.

1918 J. M. Gray in Light on Prophecy 137 This is the age of the out-gathering, the out-gathering of an elect people to be united with Christ in glory.

2016 M. K. Dash & A. Kumar in U. S. Panwar et al. Handbk. Res. Promotional Strategies xxiv. 409 Individuals who are connected with them with differing degrees of tie quality, going from solid, for instance family, close companions or in-gatherings, to frail, for instance acquaintances or out-gatherings.

† out-glowing n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda IV. viii. lxix. 337 The star-like out-glowing of some pure fellow-feeling.

out-shadowing n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌʃadəʊɪŋ/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌʃædoʊɪŋ/

ΚΠ

1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 353 In prophetic murmurs or mute out-shadowings of mystic ordinances.

1910 Mod. Lang. Notes 25 83/2 This absence of wine-heated desire and wine-heated expression is by no means the outshadowing of a merely Platonic sentiment.

† out-shedding n. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > action or process of emitting copiously > [noun] > an instance of

out-sheddinga1398

effusion1526

effuse1595

gluta1637

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > [noun] > emission > copious emission or effusion > instance of

out-sheddinga1398

effuse1595

outpour1864

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 136 And..outschedynge of rayne.

1548 Princess Elizabeth & J. Bale tr. Queen Margaret of Angoulême Godly Medytacyon Christen Sowle f. 13^v The very outshedynge of thy most precyouse bloude.

† out-sifting n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1839 ‘J. Fume’ Paper on Tobacco 119 The comparatively long shreds or outsiftings.

† out-sprouting n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1897 Chicago Advance 20 May 664/2 The natural outsprouting of the new life.

(ii)

† out-hielding n. Obsolete an outpouring or effusion.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > [noun] > emission > copious emission or effusion

sheddingc1200

out-hieldinga1382

yotingc1390

outyettingc1400

pouring?a1425

outpouring1440

diffusionc1484

effusion1526

infusion1563

spouting1568

profusion1583

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) 2 Kings xxii. 16 Þer apereden þe outheeldyngis [a1425 L.V. schedyngis; L. effusiones] of þe see.

c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 89 Bi greet plenteuose out hilding of textis.

outpouching n.

Brit.

/ˈaʊtˌpaʊtʃɪŋ/

U.S.

/ˈaʊtˌpaʊtʃɪŋ/

Biology = outpocketing n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of bowels or intestines > [noun] > other intestinal disorders

cholera1601

cœliac1661

cœliac passion or flux1662

bota1722

mucocele1897

Hirschsprung's disease1900

paraproctitis1900

peptic ulcer1900

megacolon1906

outpouching1909

typhlatony1913

polyposis1914

argentaffinoma1934

irritable bowel syndrome1943

Meckel's diverticulum1946

Meckel's diverticulitis1954

1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Outpouching, = outpocketing.

1914 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 205 243 The hydrocœle pouches next appear..as thickened out-pouchings of the crescentic margin of the left middle cœlomic region.

1994 Gastroenterologist 2 299 Diverticular disease of the colon is a disease of twentieth century Western society. A diverticulum is an outpouching of mucosa through the colonic wall.

2. Forming adjectives.

a. With present participles in -ing (Old English -ende), indicating outward movement, external or remote situation, or projection or prominence. See also outbeaming n. and adj., outbreaking adj., outflowing adj., outgoing adj., out-jutting adj., outlying adj., outstanding adj.

out-curving adj.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkəːvɪŋ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkərvɪŋ/

ΚΠ

1854 Putnam's Monthly Mag. May 544/1 The peduncles begin to elongate rapidly, bearing on their apex the swelling germs, crowned with the outcurving stigmas.

1990 ‘J. Gash’ Very Last Gambado (1991) xiii. 111 Dealers call the style Sheraton, but at the time furniture makers called the tiny out-curving legs ‘French feet’.

out-flooding adj.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈflʌdɪŋ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈflədɪŋ/

ΚΠ

1909 R. Kane Serm. of Sea xix. 306 Its eager essence is..flung forward in the out~flooding force of a soul's quest, in the torrent-like tide of love.

out-hanging adj.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈhaŋɪŋ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈhæŋɪŋ/

ΚΠ

1850 W. Howitt Year-bk. of Country ix. 313 In the lower, out-hanging towers are dungeons.

1999 Dogs Today Oct. 45/3 In summer the greenery is very lush here—tall plants and trees spread way up into the outhanging rock.

† out-lavishing adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1612 S. Daniel First Pt. Hist. Eng. iii. 177 By his out-lauishing humour.

† out-sallying adj. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > [adjective] > sallying

out-sallying1756

sallying1839

sortieing1871

1756 J. Brown Athelstan i. iii. 6 Devoted to thy Will, I held my Charge, To guard our Camp from the out-sallying Foe.

1877 J. T. Beer Prophet of Nineveh iii. iii. 193 Watch well the gates, that no outsallying bands Fall on our rear.

b. With past participles in -ed, -en, etc., indicating outwards movement or direction, completion, or the surpassing or overcoming of something. See also outborn adj., outbound adj., out-bowed adj., outcast adj., outgone adj., outgrown adj., out-pointed adj., outsent adj., outshot adj.

† out-broken adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Kings vi. 7 It was buylded of whole and outbroken stones.

† out-called adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

a1557 J. Cheke tr. Gospel St. Matthew (1843) xxi. 13 Th'appointed house for his outcalled people.

† out-created adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1647 H. More Philos. Poems ii. iii. iv. xxvii This out-created ray.

† out-crushed adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1851 W. R. Williams Lord's Prayer (1854) i. 194 The last wail of the outcrushed soul.

out-curled adj.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkəːld/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkərld/

ΚΠ

1849 T. Carlyle in Cent. Mag. (1882) July 429/2 Intense sucking, 'bacco being wet, and the saliva came in dew-drops on the big outcurled lips.

1984 Jrnl. Aesthetics & Art Crit. 43 83/2 Tension is manifest in the cringing woman..who covers her face with out-curled hands as if to fend off the sight.

† out-hunted adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 246 With the blacknesse of their out-hunted venal blood.

† out-mapped adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1898 J. E. Jennings From Indian Coll. 28 Out-mapped plains, stretching to misty ends.

c. With a noun (as object of out of prep.), forming an adjective, with the sense ‘out of, outside, or away from the thing named’. See also outboard adj., out-college adj., outdoor adj., adv., and n.²

† outsea adj. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1894 A. S. Way tr. Euripides Hecuba in tr. Euripides Tragedies I. 255 Ah, soon thou shalt not, when the outsea surge..shall whelm thee fallen from the mast.

1897 R. D. Blackmore Dariel ii. 11 No mixed Norman blood of outsea cutthroats.

out-shore adj.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈʃɔː/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈʃɔr/

ΚΠ

?1866 in Rec. Town of Brookhaven (N.Y.) (1880) II. 296 Thomas J. Ellison Trustee reported that he had leased the outshore Ridge of Meadow in South Bay to David Carey.

1961 Times 2 Aug. 4/1 Meanwhile, the outshore current looked more attractive to three other good starters.

† out-water adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1885 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 Feb. 11/2 One of these will be an under-water tube;..one out-water tube finds a place in the bow.

d. Parasynthetic adjectives formed from nouns referring to parts of the body, with the sense of ‘projecting, protruding’.

out-bellied adj.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbɛlɪd/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbɛlid/

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > trunk > front > belly or abdomen > [adjective] > types of

great-wombedc1325

wombedc1325

big-bellied?c1475

gorbellieda1529

tunnisha1529

bellieda1533

gorbelly1532

tun-bellied1551

out-bellied1570

paunch-bellied1586

paunchyc1586

big-bellied1592

round-bellied1606

gutty1607

tun-gutted1607

ventripotent1611

swag-bellieda1616

tun-grown1628

bottle-bellied1646

pot-bellied1647

belly-mountained1654

pauncheda1657

sag-bellied1665

barrel-bellied1694

ventricous1702

poke pudding1705

paunch-gutted1726

pot-gutted1731

paunchfula1763

pottle-bellied1777

tunnified1806

tun-likea1813

shad-bellied1832

ventricose1843

bow-windowed1849

bloated-bellied1871

barrel-stomached1884

stomachy1888

well-stomached1896

jelly-bellied1899

narrow-gutted1903

pus-gutted1915

great-stomached1944

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Div/1 Outbelied, viscerosus.

1994 Seattle Times (Nexis) 9 Jan. 10 The out-bellied shape of the soundboard [of the guitar] is carved from a billet of flawless spruce.

out-breasted adj.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbrɛstᵻd/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbrɛstəd/

rare

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-breasted.

† out-eyed adj. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > eye > [adjective] > by size, shape, etc. > having

goggle-eyedc1384

well-eyed1483

pink-eyed1519

hollow-eyeda1529

small-eyed1555

great-eyed1558

bird-eyed1564

out-eyed1570

large-eyed1575

full-eyed1581

bright-eyed1590

wall-eyed1590

beetle-eyed1594

fire-eyed?1594

young-eyed1600

open-eyed1601

soft-eyed1606

narrow-eyed1607

broad-eyed?1611

saucer-eyed1612

ox-eyed1621

pig-eyed1655

glare-eyed1683

pit-eyed1696

dove-eyed1717

laughing-eyed1784

almond1786

wide-eyed1789

moon-eyed1790

big-eyed1792

gooseberry-eyed1796

red-eyed1800

unsealed1800

screw-eyed1810

starry-eyed1818

pinkie-eyed1824

pop-eyed1830

bead-eyed1835

fishy-eyed1836

almond-eyed1849

boopic1854

sharp-set1865

bug-eyed1872

beady-eyed1873

bias-eyed1877

blank-eyed1881

gape-eyed1889

glass-eyed1889

stone-eyed1890

pie-eyed1900

slitty-eyed1908

steely-eyed1964

megalopic1985

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Div/1 Outeyed, strabus.

† out-kneed adj. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > leg > knee > [adjective] > types of > having

out-kneed1570

in-kneed1724

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Div/1 Outkneed, varus.

1873 Catholic World Mar. 840/2 His gait had acquired an indescribably curious mixture of the out-kneed walk of a man constantly on horseback with the roll of a sailor.

† out-lipped adj. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > mouth > [adjective] > types of

round-mouthed?1473

shevel?1507

tut-mouthed?a1513

wry-mouthed1552

pouch-mouth1565

plaice-moutha1569

out-lipped1570

pouch-mouthed?a1592

flap-mouthed1594

wide-mouthed1594

plaice-mouthed1595

big-mouthed1602

sparrow-mouthed1611

stretch-moutheda1616

splay-mouthed1647

wry-mouth1652

whale-mouthed1656

out-mouthed1698

spout-mouthed?1711

mickle-mouthed1720

sheveling-gabbit1725

mickle-mouth1863

tenible1871

primped1935

1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Div/1 Outlipped, labiosus.

† out-shinned adj. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [adjective] > of legs > having

leglessc1390

bow-legged1552

crook-legged1580

shackle-hammed1592

baker-kneed1611

baker-legged1611

buckle-hammed1629

out-shinned1682

bandy-legged1688

crooked-legged1691

shackled-ham'd1733

badger-legged1738

tailor-legged1768

knock-kneed1774

scissor-legged1880

1682 London Gaz. No. 1722/4 A little out-shinn'd.

1724 Auld Rob Morris in Ramsay's Tea-t. Misc. (1733) I. 63 He's out-shin'd, in-kneed and ringle-ey'd too.

† out-shouldered adj. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [adjective] > of shoulders

crooked-shoulderedc1515

crump-shouldered1542

out-shouldered1579

crook-shouldered1580

round-shouldered1586

crumped-shouldered1603

round1702

hump-shouldereda1704

stoop-shouldered1748

huck-shouldered1847

1579 J. Jones Arte preseruing Bodie & Soule i. xxvi. 50 Crooke-legged, and out-shouldred.

3. Forming verbs in separable compounds or syntactic combinations.In Middle English properly two words; in modern use chiefly poetic or metrical forms, being, more or less, ad hoc formations, made up each time from their elements. The adverb had originally a distinct stress, and still has often a secondary stress.

a. With intransitive verbs, in the same sense as the simple verb followed by out (cf. out adv. 9). See also outbeam v., outbreak v., outburst v., outflow v., outgo v.

† outbuller v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) iv. xii. 41 Thairwith gan hir seruandis behald..The blud outbullerand on the nakit swerd.

† outdie v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1898 Westm. Gaz. 14 July 2/3 As each flaunting lamp outdies And hush succeeds the din, I seem to see the martyr's guise Supplant thy garb of sin.

† outflee v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 610 Seue nigt siðen euerilc-on He is let ut flegen..and gon.

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Psalms xxx. 12 Þat seȝen me, outfloun fro me.

outflood v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈflʌd/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈfləd/

ΚΠ

1920 D. H. Lawrence Women in Love xxiii. 349 The marvellous fulness of immediate gratification, overwhelming, out-flooding from the source of the deepest life-force.

† outissue v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1593 B. Barnes Parthenophil & Parthenophe 2 On whome, my carefull thoughtes I set to watche, Guarding him closely, least he should out-issue.

1879 H. Phillips Addit. Notes upon Coins 6 Chests, whence serpents are out~issuing.

† outpeak v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 35 Much lyke the owtpeaking from weeds of poysoned adder.

† outslide v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1862 J. G. Whittier At Port Royal 5 At last our grating keels outslide Our good boats forward swing.

† outslink v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1861 J. C. H. Fane & Ld. Lytton Tannhäuser 9 Then from..their long familiar homes,..outslunk The wantons of Olympus.

† outvanish v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1844 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 151/1 From the earth has freedom outvanished quite, And left but the master and master'd.

1890 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. May 679 With that knowledge outvanished in shame all the weakness of his position.

† outwave v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne v. 225 Ioy, which doth from brinefull hart out-waue.

† outwheel v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1886 W. Alexander St. Augustine's Holiday 137 While the midnight Arctic sun outwheel'd.

b. With transitive verbs, in the same sense as the simple verb followed by out.

(a) With the force of ‘outwards, away from; out of position or out of a container; so as to protrude; out of existence; into the open, into manifestation’. See also outbear v., outblot v., outcast v., outlay v., outpour v., outshut v.

(i)

† outban v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche xii. xxiii. 153 And Zeus..outbanned From heaven whoever should that word miscall.

out-bar v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbɑː/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbɑr/

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > be on the outside of [verb (transitive)] > keep or shut out

loukc1275

speara1300

beshutc1330

forbarc1330

warn?a1366

to close outa1382

to shut outc1384

steeka1393

again-louka1400

to keep outc1425

outshutc1450

seclude1498

to stop outc1530

to hedge out1549

confine1577

to hold out1583

out-bar1590

debar1593

excommunicate1602

expel1604

immurec1616

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. x. sig. Y5 Which to outbarre..From sea to sea he heapt a mighty mound.

1908 E. C. Stedman Assault by Night in Poems 462 Lo! what a dismal frost and hoar Upon the window falls! Outbar him while ye may!

out-blast v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈblɑːst/

/ˌaʊtˈblast/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈblæst/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Outblast.

1995 Times (Nexis) 22 Apr. Mosquito repellent will outblast scent.

† out-bolt v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1659 J. Gauden Ἱερα Δακρυα iv. xx. 557 That they may blot and out-bolt, set up and pull down Magistracy.

1788 T. Dwight Triumph of Infidelity 28 Half pleas'd, the honest tar out bolted—‘whew’!

out-bulge v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbʌldʒ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbəldʒ/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Outbulge.

out-bustle v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbʌsl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbəs(ə)l/

ΚΠ

a1834 S. T. Coleridge Lit. Remains (1838) III. 339 The fancy out-bustled the pure intuitive imagination.

1992 Cornell Daily Sun (Ithaca, N.Y.) 14 Oct. 15/4 Similar to the Red's wins over Lafayette (44–33) and Lehigh (29–23), the victory in Cambridge was the product of Cornell's outbustling opponents.

† out-chase v. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > expel

afferreOE

warpc1000

outdriveOE

wreakc1100

to cast out1297

to cast fortha1382

out-chasec1395

flecchea1400

to shoot forth, out, awaya1400

propel?1440

expulse?a1475

scour1488

out-thrust1532

to catch forthc1540

propulse1548

pulsec1550

unplant1552

to turn out of ——1562

extrude1566

detrude?1567

eliminate1568

deturbate1570

detruse1571

unroost1598

to put by1600

deturb1609

bolt1615

run1631

disembogue1632

out of1656

expel1669

rout1812

to manage (a person) out of1907

c1395 G. Chaucer Summoner's Tale 1916 Fro paradys first..Was man out chaced for his glotonye.

1592 Countess of Pembroke Antonius iii Enchaunting pleasure, Venus swete delights..from our harts out chase All holie vertues lodging in their place.

out-count v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkaʊnt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkaʊnt/

ΚΠ

1859 E. Bennett Wild Scenes on Frontiers 244 No single trapper could out-count him in peltries, or out-talk him in exploits.

1995 Virginian Pilot & Ledger-Star 27 June a14/2 Juvenile offenders have to get the message that their crimes outcount their birthdates—and their homelife.

out-crowd v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkraʊd/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkraʊd/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-crowd.

a1930 R. Bridges Come se Quando in Poet. Wks. (1936) 525 For sure the procreant multitude would riot to outcrowd the earth wer't not for lack of food.

† out-cull v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry f. 52 Rype hemp out kull, from karle to pull. Let seede hemp growe, till more ye knowe.

1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne v. 190 And mongst you ten out-cull, as likes him best.

out-eye v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈʌɪ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈaɪ/

ΚΠ

1855 P. J. Bailey Mystic 48 The sun, from dawn to nightnoon, he outeyed From the peaked mountain which commands the world.

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Outeye.

out-fan v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈfan/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈfæn/

ΚΠ

a1729 E. Taylor Poems (1989) 131 Lungs all Corrupted,..a Stinking Breath out fand And with a Scurfy Skale I'me all ore clagd.

1957 R. Campbell Coll. Poems II. 253 The Spring with rosy spinnaker outfanned Comes curling silver fleeces through the land.

† out-ferret v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1855 R. Browning Old Pictures in Florence xxv, in Men & Women II. 42 How a captive's to be out-ferreted.

† out-gather v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) v. f. 62^v While of Maidenly desire she fillde hir Maund and Lap, Endeuoring to outgather hir companions there.

1895 F. Thompson Sister Songs 36 This poor song..is but a curled Shell outgathered from thy sea.

out-get v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɡɛt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈɡɛt/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-get.

out-heave v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈhiːv/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈhiv/

ΚΠ

1850 W. B. Ullathorne Remarks Proposed Educ. Bill 14 A momentum with which to outheave from the soul of youth both the principle of authority and the positive doctrines of religion together.

1908 T. Hardy Dynasts: Pt. 3rd iii. iii. 104 Till dawn began outheaving this huge day, Pallidly—as if scared by its own bringing.

† out-hew v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1584 T. Twyne tr. Virgil in T. Phaer & T. Twyne tr. Virgil XIII. Bks. Æneidos viii. sig. Mvii^v Duke Romulus vptooke, and in the rocke full cold outhewd Lupercal temple.

1840 R. Browning Sordello in Wks. (1896) II. 180/1 The people clap their hand, At my outhewing this wild gap For any Fridrich to fill up.

† out-hurl v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1852 G. P. R. James Pasquinillo I. 151 His hand paused not, but still a skull out-hurled.

out-launch v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈlɔːn(t)ʃ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈlɔn(t)ʃ/

/ˌaʊtˈlɑn(t)ʃ/

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > out

to cast outc1200

to throw outa1387

outflingc1450

out-launch1594

1594 T. Kyd tr. R. Garnier Cornelia i. i. 31 Guiltles blood by brothers hands out-lanched.

1842 E. B. Browning Greek Christian Poets (1863) 36 Outlaunch thee, Soul, upon the æther.

1974 W. Everson Tendril in Mesh in Man-fate 5 When two such as we are outlaunched on desire, neither one comes back.

† out-leave v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1382 Prefatory Epist. St. Jerome in Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) vii. 131 Outelaft storyes in þe boke of kyngez ben ytouched.

a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 29 And comon workmen wil not be owt lafte.

† out-length v. Obsolete rare

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong

lengOE

drawOE

teec1200

forlengtha1300

lengtha1300

drivec1300

tarryc1320

proloynec1350

continuec1380

to draw alonga1382

longa1382

dretch1393

conservea1398

to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400

prorogue1419

prolongc1425

aroomc1440

prorogate?a1475

protend?a1475

dilate1489

forlong1496

relong1523

to draw out1542

sustentate1542

linger1543

defer1546

pertract1548

propagate1548

protract1548

linger1550

lengthen1555

train1556

detract?a1562

to make forth (long, longer)1565

stretch1568

extend1574

extenuate1583

dree1584

wire-draw1598

to spin out1603

trail1604

disabridge1605

produce1605

continuate1611

out-length1617

spin1629

to eke out1641

producta1670

prolongate1671

drawl1694

drag1697

perennate1698

string1867

perennialize1898

1617 R. Greene Groats-worth of Witte (rev. ed.) sig. E4 And scornest now to lend thy fading ioyes, Toutlength my life.

† out-lengthen v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1827 T. Carlyle tr. J. P. F. Richter in German Romance III. 215 This outlengthening of his electorial power!

1898 J. W. Howe Vision of Palm Sunday in From Sunset Ridge 101 And they who should leave my service, with sorrowful feet and slow Out-lengthening a dear remembrance, from my sight and sound should go.

out-mark v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈmɑːk/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈmɑrk/

ΚΠ

1861 Macmillan's Mag. 4 131/1 A red coat against green ground would outmark a soldier to a foe rifleman.

1928 T. Hardy Winter Words 99 His wish of her is but a whim Of his madness, it may be, outmarking his lack of coherency.

out-open v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈəʊp(ə)n/

U.S.

/ˌaʊdˈoʊp(ə)n/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-open.

† out-press v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1456 J. Lydgate Seying of Nightingale (Trin. Cambr.) 156 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 227 (MED) With-outen felawe I gane þe wyn outpresse.

a1861 E. B. Browning Casa Guidi Windows in Poet. Wks. (1897) 345 Austria wearing a smooth olive-leaf On her brute forehead, while her hoofs outpress The life from these Italian souls.

† outpry v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1596 C. Fitzgeffry Sir Francis Drake sig. D7^v That durst not yet her home-bred nest out-prie.

† out-quaff v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1647 R. Stapleton tr. Juvenal Sixteen Satyrs 170 Or then out-quaffe those cups Laufella takes.

out-shake v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈʃeɪk/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈʃeɪk/

ΚΠ

a1762 Lady M. W. Montagu in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems (1763) V. 267 At length he drops Out-shaken: instant to her prey the Cat Flies rapid.

1897 Outing 29 323/1 Clear their silvery notes outshaking, The sleigh bells are ringing.

1978 D. Levertov Life in Forest 23 There's no-one to whom to open the topmost serape, outshaking its firm folds.

out-shape v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈʃeɪp/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈʃeɪp/

ΚΠ

1850 Amer. Whig Rev. Aug. 181 Forth issuing;—forms, existence, force,—Out shaping Nature's pictured show.

1901 T. Hardy His Immortality in Academy 23 Nov. 476 And still his soul outshaped..Its life in theirs.

1996 Summary of World Broadcasts Pt. 2: Central Europe & Balkans (B.B.C.) (Nexis) 9 Apr. EE/D2582/B The Romanian voters were prone to vote for the centre-orientated political formations, a fact that outshaped a new governing formula after the elections.

† out-shower v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1729 E. Taylor Poems (1989) 189 Eshcol's Grapes that royall juyce out shower, And Wine of Hesbon in its flavor high.

1865 A. W. Buchan Song of Rest 153 Thou wouldst outshower thy notes upon the air.

† out-snatch v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1647 H. More Philos. Poems i. i. lx And raging raptures do his soul outsnatch.

1857 J. A. Heraud Judgem. of Flood (rev. ed.) iv. 299 A whirlwind had outsnatched his spirit, and rapt Above the Olympian hill.

out-spill v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈspɪl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈspɪl/

ΚΠ

a1475 (?a1325) Long Charter of Christ, A Text (Harl. 5396) (1914) 5 From all Ioyes þou ware outspylt.

1880 W. Watson Prince's Quest 73 The hope that filled youth's beaker to its brim The tremulous hand of age had long outspilled.

1962 W. Everson Hazards of Holiness i. 22 No Holy Ghost, Spirit outspilt, Burnt this charred day.

† out-spew v. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (transitive)] > vomit

spew971

aspewc1200

to gulch out?c1225

casta1300

vomea1382

brake1393

evacuec1400

to cast outa1425

deliver?a1425

voida1425

evomec1450

evomit?a1475

disgorge1477

to cast up1483

degorge1493

vomish1536

retch1538

parbreak1540

reject1540

vomit1541

evacuate1542

revomit1545

belch1558

vomit1560

to lay up1570

upvomit1582

to fetch up1599

puke1601

respew1606

inbelch1610

spew1610

to throw up1614

exgurgitate1623

out-spew1647

egurgitate1656

to throw off1660

to bring up1719

pick1828

sick1924

yark1927

barf1960

to park the tiger1970

vom1991

?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 39 Þis sceal þan manna to læc[ec]ræfte, þe swyþe hyra spatl utspiwaþ [L. expuentes].

1581 A. Neville tr. Seneca Œdipus (rev. ed.) i, in T. Newton et al. tr. Seneca 10 Trag. f. 80 All the woude wide bleeding gapes & black goard bloud out spues.

1647 H. More Philos. Poems iii. iii. xxvi All drink from hence, That..poyson do outspue.

† out-spurn v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1601 N. Breton Diuine Poem sig. E3^v When my deere Lord sayd not,..get thee hence: or like a dogge out spurne mee.

† out-squat v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 1627 (MED) Of summe was þe brayn out squatt, Al vnder þe yrnen hatt.

1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos vii. sig. U.iv The greatest sort with slinges, their plummet lompes of lead outsquats.

† out-throng v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 65 The byrdis thar mychty voce out throng.

1882 R. H. Horne Soliliquium Fratris Rogeri Baconis 118 Then all, out-thronging in the reddening air, With cries, close clingings, tumult, frantic prayer, Crush, trample, swoon, or die in strong life's last despair.

† out-vaunt v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1663 T. Jordan Royal Arbor Loyal Poesie 72 Though they out-vaunt us, They never shall out-rant us.

1877 R. Browning tr. Aeschylus Agamemnon 44 Nor Paris nor the accomplice-city Outvaunts their deed.

† out-waste v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. cxlviii Of that foole who..all out wastyth by immoderate expence.

1876 Ladies' Repository July 62/2 Who in God his hope hath placed, Shall not life in pain outwaste.

† out-weed v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

?1573 L. Lloyd Pilgrimage of Princes 215 She..shall eche vertue plante in tyme, and vice in tyme out weede.

1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. iv. sig. Q2^v The sparks soone quench, the springing seed outweed.

† out-wrench v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1585 J. Sharrock tr. C. Ockland Notable Battailes & High Exployts Eng. Nation in Valiant Actes Eng. Nation sig. ciii^v Then other after others raunge, their sitters all outwrencht.

1859 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Aeneid xii, in tr. Virgil Wks. II. 503 He strains t' outwrench the weapon.

(ii) Also some exemplified only in past participle.

† out-beat v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 473 Wiþ spittyng and wiþ fen And blod out-beten sore, Þow weore al out of ken.

1627 M. Drayton Battaile Agincourt 57 There hang his eyes out beaten with a mall.

1869 R. Leighton Poems (ed. 2) 73 Mere vibrations of surrounding air, Outbeaten from the steeple's brazen lips, Breaking on cartilage and nerve.

† out-brede v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 2615 Now ere þe baners out-bred [a1500 Trin. Dub. oute brade].

† out-carve v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

c1460 J. Lydgate in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 374 Doorys tweyne By craft out corve.

† out-gnaw v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1588 T. Hughes Misfortunes Arthur v. ii, in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1874) IV. 338 With duskish dens out-gnawn in gulfs below.

† out-hire v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v.Proem i. sig. M4^v When Iustice was not for most meed outhyred .

† out-lance v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1590 E. Spenser Muiopotmos 82 Two deadly weapons fixt he bore, Strongly outlaunced towards either side.

† out-reave v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) xvii. 32 In the i sall be outreft [a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) pullid out, a1425 L.V. delyuered] fra fandynge.

(b) With the force of ‘completely, thoroughly, to an end’. See also out-ask v.Some of these directly render Latin verbs in ex-, e-.By Wyclif (and a few other late Middle English translators) the ex- of Latin verbs is often rendered more fully by full out, e.g. exultāre full out glad, full out joy; exōrāre full out pray, exquaerere full out seek, exardescere to wax full out tend. Modern editors have sometimes hyphenated out to the verb, making compound verbs out-glad, out-joy, etc.

(i)

† out-bake v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1969) Isa. xlviii. 10 I haue out bake [a1425 L.V. sode; L. excoxi] þee, but not as siluer.

† out-bathe v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. v. 209 The salutiferus water..wherin being owtebathed he showlde obteyne his purpose.

† out-dry v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1969) Isa. xlii. 15 Al þe buriownyng of hem I shall out drien [a1425 L.V. drie vp; L. exsiccabo].

† out-hear v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1969) Isa. xli. 17 I þe lord shal out heren [L. exaudiam] hem.

1614 W. Browne Shepheards Pipe vii. sig. F2 With much ado, and with no little paine Haue I out-heard thy railing 'gainst my loue.

out-tire v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈtʌɪə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈtaɪ(ə)r/

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > weary or exhaust [verb (transitive)]

wearyc897

tirea1000

travailc1300

forwearya1325

taryc1375

tarc1440

matec1450

break1483

labour1496

overwearya1500

wear?1507

to wear out, forth1525

fatigate1535

stress1540

overtire1558

forwaste1563

to tire out1563

overwear1578

spend1582

out-tire1596

outwear1596

outweary1596

overspend1596

to toil out1596

attediate1603

bejade1620

lassate1623

harassa1626

overtask1628

tax1672

hag1674

trash1685

hatter1687

overtax1692

fatigue1693

to knock up1740

tire to death1740

overfatigue1741

fag1774

outdo1776

to do over1789

to use up1790

jade1798

overdo1817

frazzlea1825

worry1828

to sew up1837

to wear to death1840

to take it (also a lot, too much, etc.) out of (a person)1847

gruel1850

to stump up1853

exhaust1860

finish1864

peter1869

knacker1886

grind1887

tew1893

crease1925

poop1931

raddle1951

1596 A. Copley Fig for Fortune sig. I2^v He would have told me more to his pourport, But that his vp-hill pace out-tyr'd his speech.

1796 F. Jacson Plain Sense (ed. 2) I. 125 His obstinacy might out-tire that of his father's.

a1877 A. C. Swinburne Lesbia Brandon (1952) xvi. 165 Her limbs shuddered now and then..as if cold or out-tired.

a1935 W. Watson Tomb of Pharaoh in Poems (1936) 57 Thou may'st out-tire the malice of the living, But not the vengeance of the implacable dead.

(ii)

† out-end v. Obsolete (a) transitive to destroy, to kill; (b) intransitive to come to an end.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > bring to an end or conclude [verb (transitive)]

yendc1000

abatec1300

finec1300

endc1305

finisha1375

definec1384

terminec1390

achievea1393

out-enda1400

terminate?a1425

conclude1430

close1439

to bring adowna1450

terma1475

adetermine1483

determine1483

to knit up1530

do1549

parclose1558

to shut up1575

expire1578

date1589

to close up1592

period1595

includea1616

apostrophate1622

to wind off1650

periodizea1657

dismiss1698

to wind up1740

to put the lid on1873

to put the tin hat on something1900

to wash up1925

a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) xxxvi. 9 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 167 (MED) Þat þou be liþered [L. maligneris], nil þou niþe. For þat liþeres [L. malignantur], outende sal þai.

?1590–1 J. Burel tr. Pamphilus in Poems sig. D3^v How things begins, out endis, and how thay lest, For to behold, it is ane wisemans will.

† out-tear v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to make very angry, to provoke.

ΚΠ

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) Psalms lxxvii. 40 Hou ofte siþes þei outterreden [a1425 L.V. maden..wrooth; L. exacerbaverunt] hym in desert.

c. Forming transitive verbs (chiefly literary ad hoc formations), with the sense of ‘to exclude, expel or cause to depart by means of’ the action expressed in the simple verb (cf. out adv. 1h).

† outawe v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1648 Mercurius Aulicus No. 9. 88 If the City will..suffer the Sectaries to strengthen themselves till they are able to out-awe them.., they may at length be brought like patient beasts to the slaughter house.

1889 W. S. Blunt Sancho Sanchez ix, in New Pilgrimage 67 With a solemn grief outawing the brute laughter of their eyes.

out-elbow v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɛlbəʊ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊdˈɛlˌboʊ/

ΚΠ

1813 in Catal. Prints: Polit. & Personal Satires (Brit. Mus.) (1949) IX. 203 Hapless me to be out-elbowed, impoverished, and insulted, by my own children.

1936 D. Thomas Twenty-five Poems 9 Now that my symbols have outelbowed space.

1994 Sports Illustr. (Nexis) 7 Nov. 146 The Hoouston Rockets..outelbowed the Knicks to win it.

† out-feed v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1652 Laughing Mercury No. 29. 229 The first dish was a Dutch Excize-man sowc'd,..on which dish the Devill fed to heartily, that Mallet himself could not have out-fed him.

1890 J. Pulsford Loyalty to Christ I. 318 It is ‘the Bread of God’... It outfeeds corruption, disease and death.

out-gloom v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɡluːm/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈɡlum/

ΚΠ

1747 S. Richardson Clarissa II. ii. 13 Those Women..can suffer themselves to be out-bluster'd and out-gloom'd, till they have no will of their own.

1866 E. R. Charles Draytons & Davenants 129 Recollections which the Old Tower itself, with all its chambers of death, can scarce outgloom.

2001 Western Mail (Cardiff) (Nexis) 16 July 20 One chap who can outgloom any British tennis player is Old Misery Guts.

out-hiss v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈhɪs/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈhɪs/

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > disapprove of [verb (transitive)] > express disapproval of > by sound or exclamation

hootc1175

to clap out1550

explose?c1550

explode1563

hiss1598

exsibilate1601

to hum up, down1642

out-hiss1647

chuckle1681

catcall1700

scrape1773

groan1799

to get the (big) bird1825

boo1833

fie-fie1836

goose1838

sibilate1864

cluck1916

bird1927

slow handclap1949

tsk-tsk1966

tut1972

1647 Prol. to Beaumont & Fletcher's Captaine in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. sig. Kk/1 For ye may When this is hist to ashes, have a Play. And here, to out-hisse this.

a1729 E. Taylor Metrical Hist. Christianity (1962) 419 He plainly gave their own into their Dish And bravely did their fauning Charms out hiss And at their threats he matterd not a Straw.

1874 Chambers's Jrnl. 4 Apr. 216/1 The manager thereupon brought his whole company upon the stage, and out-hissed the visitors.

2004 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 19 Oct. e10 At Clinton's mention of the N-word, the crowd out-hissed the ‘Raiders of the Lost Ark’ snakes.

out-jeer v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈdʒɪə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈdʒɪ(ə)r/

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > jeering, taunting, or scoffing > [verb (transitive)] > drive out by jeering

out-jeer1640

1640 R. Brome Sparagus Garden iv. ii. l. 37 Doe they jeere, let 'hem jeer & gibe too; ile vetch ones Warrant shall out-jeere 'hem all, and he be above ground.

1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters v. 129 His professing ‘friend’ out-jeers him from drowning.

2000 Dominion (Wellington, N.Z.) (Nexis) 11 Dec. 17 The dancers out-stomped, out-jeered and out-swirled each other for another character's heart.

out-jest v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈdʒɛst/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈdʒɛst/

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > cause laughter [verb (transitive)] > utter a jest or joke > drive out by jesting

out-jest1608

joke1863

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear viii. 15 The foole, who labours to out-iest His heart strooke iniuries.

1907 R. G. Moulton Shakespeare as Dramatic Thinker i. i. 24 He first meets the jester on his own ground and outjests him.

4. Forming transitive verbs, with the sense of exceeding or going beyond some thing or person in some action.

a. Formed on verbs.

(a) To pass beyond or exceed (a defined point, a limit in space, time, degree, etc.), by or in the action expressed by the simple verb. Cf. sense 4a(b). See also out-ask v. 2, outdwell v., outflourish v. 1, outgrow v. 2, outlast v., outpass v. 1, outrun v. 3.

† out-feast v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1866 A. M. H. Brewster St. Martin's Summer 196 The gallant young Carafa of Maddaloni, who, to win her hand, out-rode, out-feasted, and out-fought the princely foreign competitors.

† out-journey v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1889 Universal Rev. Nov. 437 Whose dreams out-journey Sirius nor tire.

† out-skip v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1605 B. Jonson Sejanus ii. i. 144 Thou lost thy selfe..when thou thought'st Thou could'st out-skip my vengeance; or out-stand The power I had to crush thee into Aire.

1869 Galaxy July 56 He pretends to be surprised at nothing..; but repeatedly, I know, I have clear outskipped his fancy.

† out-sport v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) ii. iii. 3 Lets teach our selues the honourable stoppe, Not to out sport [1623 out-sport] discretion.

† out-study v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 24 Some also of very feeble and crasie Constitutions in their Childhood, have out-studied their distempers.

† out-task v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1868 Pall Mall Gaz. 24 Sept. 9 Sometimes the ‘toucadore’ is pushed by emulation to out-task his strength.

1875 W. W. Story Stephania i. 26 Otho. O Ernstein! I have suffered terribly. Ern. You have out-tasked your strength, and need repose.

out-tower v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈtaʊə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈtaʊ(ə)r/

ΚΠ

1736 A. Hill tr. Voltaire Alzira ii. 22 By Heaven, it charms me, To see those soaring Souls out-tower their Fortune.

1906 J. London White Fang ii. iv. 88 The sky that out-towered the mountain.

1977 Times 3 Mar. 14/2 He out-towers Galbraith by one inch, but only if he is wearing his fez and a thick pair of socks.

(b)

(i) To surpass, excel or outdo (a person, etc.) in the action of the simple verb. See also out-bawl v., outbid v. 2, 3a, out-brag v., outdo v. 2, outgo v. 2, outlive v., outproffer v., outride v. 2, outrun v. 2, outshine v. 1, outshout v., outswim v.In this sense out- may be prefixed to almost any intransitive verb of action or state, and to many transitive verbs used absolutely; so that the number of these compounds is without limit.

out-accelerate v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtəkˈsɛləreɪt/

/ˌaʊtakˈsɛləreɪt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊdəkˈsɛləˌreɪt/

/ˌaʊdækˈsɛləˌreɪt/

ΚΠ

1969 Daily Tel. 7 Feb. 25 (advt.) The 1.7 litre engine will also out-accelerate a lot of sportier cars.

1997 Total Sport Mar. 87/1 The early heroes were often moonshiners.., whose livelihood and liberty depended on their being able to out-accelerate the law through the local backwoods.

out-achieve v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtəˈtʃiːv/

U.S.

/ˌaʊdəˈtʃiv/

ΚΠ

1960 V. Packard Waste Makers (1961) xxiv. 295 The Russians outachieved the United States in launching earth satellites.

1994 Voice 18 Oct. (24 Hrs. Suppl.) 21/2 The Future Is Female. From babyhood to boardroom, women are now set to out-achieve men.

out-bang v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbaŋ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbæŋ/

ΚΠ

1874 N. B. Wolfe Startling Facts Mod. Spiritualism xvi. 306 I hope the spirits will be less violent in their demonstrations. They ‘out-banged Bannegar’.

1985 TV Times 31 Aug. 25/2 This is ITV's British-made crash-bang-wallop action series that outbangs, outcrashes and outwallops rivals from America.

out-bark v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbɑːk/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbɑrk/

ΚΠ

1649 Mercurius Aulicus 21–28 Aug. 15 Without doubt he had out-bark'd, if not unkennell'd the whole Litter.

1750 M. Jones Misc. in Prose & Verse 59 With sneaking step, at distance he'd retire, Then mount his tail, and ev'n out-bark the well-mouth'd 'Squire.

1900 J. Conrad Lord Jim x. 125 Yap! Yap!.. Two of them together trying to out-bark each other.

2002 State Journal-Register (Springfield, Ill.) (Nexis) 30 Mar. 7 (caption) A dog sunning itself in Philadelphia..tries to outbark a neighboring dog.

out-bat v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbat/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbæt/

ΚΠ

1773 J. Duncombe in R. Freeman Kentish Poets (1821) II. 364 To see the Surry cricketers Out-bat them and out-bowl.

1970 Sunday Tel. 20 Dec. 21/7 This weakened M.C.C. side..have been outbatted, outbowled and outfielded by South Australia.

out-beg v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbɛɡ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbɛɡ/

ΚΠ

1651 W. Davenant Gondibert iii. v. 13 Where she outbeg'd the tardy begging Thief.

1868 Harper's Mag. May 797/1 This horde of two men, five women, and a child would have outbegged a convent of Dominicans.

1999 Jrnl. Mod. Hist. 71 321 The principal inspiration was to ensure adequate donations for those members of the community who were truly unable to work but possibly ‘out-begged’ by professional outsiders.

out-bleat v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbliːt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈblit/

ΚΠ

1623 Bp. J. Hall Great Impostor 28 Thus Saul will lie-out his sacriledge, vntill the very beasts out-bleat, and out-bellow him.

1871 L. Colange Zell's Pop. Encycl. II. 536/3 Outbleat, to surpass in bleating.

2001 Washington Post (Nexis) 15 Apr. b5 China's tone even outbleats the old Soviet Union.

† out-boil v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1645 J. Bond Occasus Occidentalis 31 The Lusts of those strangers..did often out-boyle..the scalding waters of the Bath.

out-bowl v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbəʊl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈboʊl/

ΚΠ

1773 J. Duncombe in R. Freeman Kentish Poets (1821) II. 364 To see the Surry cricketers Out-bat them and out-bowl.

1823 Lady's Mag. July 388/1 There was no doubt that Andrews could, if he chose, out-bowl Samuel Long, and out-bat Tom Coper.

2001 Times 27 Feb. i. 36/1 Sanath Jayasuriya..outbowled his illustrious team-mate, Muttiah Muralitharan, on paper, finishing with career-best Test figures of eight for 94.

out-box v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbɒks/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbɑks/

ΚΠ

1855 Harper's Mag. Oct. 598/2 ‘Billy’ thrived under his new regimen, and soon was able to outwrestle and outbox any of his woolly-headed competitors.

1975 Amer. Lit. 47 253 He..takes refuge in an athletic past, claiming he can outbox anyone in the office.

out-break v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbreɪk/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbreɪk/

ΚΠ

1903 N.Y. Times 19 Feb. 11/1 The colt outbroke his field, showing all the early speed.

2001 Daily News (N.Y.) (Nexis) 6 Aug. 62 In only his second start of 2001, Five Star Day outbroke a field of seven sprinters and led every step of the way.

out-brew v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbruː/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbru/

ΚΠ

1743 W. Ellis Suppl. to London & Country Brewer (ed. 2) 286 She thought none could out-brew her.

1983 Associated Press Newswire (Nexis) 19 Aug. (headline) U.S. outbrews the world.

out-bribe v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbrʌɪb/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbraɪb/

ΚΠ

1616 T. Roe Embassy to Great Mogul 10 Aug. (1899) 228 They [sc. the Dutch] would both out-present, out-bribe, and out-buy vs in all things.

1783 H. Blair Lect. Rhetoric II. xxviii. 94 If Oppianicus had given money to Stalenus, Cluentius had outbribed him.

1979 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 87 882 In the counterproposal voter 1 starts out with $2, while in the proposal 1 initially has only $1. Consequently, voter 2 can always outbribe voter 3.

† out-bury v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1752 H. Walpole Mem. George II I. 339 (note) He would buy a piece of ground and outbury them.

† out-caper v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1763 J. Byrom Dissect. Beau's Head (R.) For sometimes at a ball The beau show'd his parts, out~caper'd 'em all.

1884 ‘M. Field’ Callirrhoë iii. vi. 103 The little fool Tries to outcaper his own shadow.

out-chat v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈtʃat/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈtʃæt/

ΚΠ

a1652 R. Brome City Wit i. i. sig. A6, in Five New Playes (1653) Shee that will..out-chat fifteen Midwives.

1683 R. Dixon Canidia ii. xiv. 73 There is no end of all their Prate; Out-chat the Devil, or his Mate.

1988 Adweek (U.S.) (Nexis) 18 Apr. KZEW-FM morning personality Scoot Parkin outchatted the likes of Mark Oristano of KVIL-FM and Paul Crane of KDFW-Channel 4 to win $1,000 for his favorite charity.

out-chatter v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈtʃatə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈtʃædər/

ΚΠ

1698 E. Ward Sot's Paradise 10 A little Captain, tho' of great Renown, Cock'd up his Hat swore Zoons and then sate down, Out-chatter'd all the Magpies in the Town.

1880 Atlantic Monthly Sept. 354/2 They were at work, busy as bees, and out-chattering the swallows.

1995 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 9 Feb. a17 A common sight is a family of three generations, all milling around their shopping cart, outchattering each other.

† out-chide v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes To vanquish, to quell, to ouer-come, to outchide, to outskould.

1871 A. C. Swinburne Songs before Sunrise Prelude 108 Outchide the north wind if it chid.

1894 Harper's Mag. Dec. 92/2 There she could outchide the storm-winds when they chid, and nobody marked her.

out-clamour v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈklamə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈklæmər/

ΚΠ

1770 J. Armstrong Misc. I. 163 Such a mutiny Out-clamour'd all tradition, and gain'd belief To ranting prodigies of heretofore.

a1918 W. Owen Compl. Poems & Fragments (1983) I. 17 Bells out-clamoured hungrily for folk To fill the void and cavernous church.

† out-comply v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 179 Out-fawn as much, and out-comply.

out-cook v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkʊk/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkʊk/

ΚΠ

1839 C. Dickens Let. 9 Sept. (1965) I. 578 A woman..who..far out-cooked the cook of Petersham!

1970 N. Armstrong et al. First on Moon ii. 34 Mike Collins, who had become fond of dishes like coq au vin.., definitely could outcook Lew Hartzell.

out-crash v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkraʃ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkræʃ/

ΚΠ

1887 Scribner's Mag. Apr. 416/2 The terrific thunder, outcrashing a thousand batteries, at times engrossed my attention.

1985 TV Times 31 Aug. 25/2 This is ITV's British-made crash-bang-wallop action series that outbangs, outcrashes and outwallops rivals from America.

out-crawl v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkrɔːl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkrɔl/

/ˌaʊtˈkrɑl/

ΚΠ

1769 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 28 Oct. (1932) (modernized text) VI. 2899 I believe I could now outcrawl a snail.

1978 A. Price '44 Vintage xi. 136 He certainly didn't intend to let any bloody tank officer..out-crawl him.

out-crow v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkrəʊ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkroʊ/

ΚΠ

1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 17 Not Salisbury plaine or Newmarket heath..may ouerpeere, or out crow her.

1866 W. Collins Armadale I. ii. vi. 216 I hear you have out-numbered the Strasbourg apostles, and outcrowed the Strasbourg cock.

1987 M. Collins Bellhop looks at Tourist in Callaloo 14 (1991) 780 She drop into that hot-oil Black River patois To fry me then and there and the cock Come in the doorway and outcrow us both.

out-curl v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkəːl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkərl/

ΚΠ

1891 ‘H. S. Merriman’ Prisoners & Captures I. vii. 141 Each individual hair seemed to be distorted with a laudable endeavour to out-curl its neighbour.

1998 Kincardine (Ont.) News 18 Mar. b2/4 The Kester team outcurled the St. Catharine's team and won by a score of 9–8 in 10 ends.

out-curse v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkəːs/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkərs/

ΚΠ

?a1600 J. Donne Curse iv For if it be a she, Nature before hand hath out-cursed me.

1858 W. M. Thackeray Virginians I. xli. 324 In his chapel..he..out-cursed Blasphemy with superior anathemas.

1988 P. A. Roberts W. Indians & their Lang. ii. 45 There is also the Afro-American tradition..which features individuals trying to outcurse each other.

† out-darkle v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 203 A hue which outdarkles The deeps where they shine.

† out-din v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 289 Hell doth out-din itself.

1898 J. E. C. Bodley France I. i. iv. 243 Men's voices out-dinned by the clash of arms.

out-dine v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈdʌɪn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈdaɪn/

ΚΠ

1899 Daily News 4 Apr. 4/7 The Government's scheme for a ‘Greater Westminster’ seems to have few friends. City Fathers are afraid it might outdine them.

2000 San Diego Union-Tribune (Nexis) 18 Aug. e2 Democrats had their chance to outdine and outshine the GOP this week, wrapping up a star-studded convention in Tinseltown yesterday.

out-dive v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈdʌɪv/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈdaɪv/

ΚΠ

1755 E. Young Centaur ii, in Wks. (1757) IV. 152 They who in their wrinkled decline outdive in folly the temerities of youth.

2000 E. M. Bergerud Fire in Sky ii. iv. 263 The Lightning had an excellent rate of climb and could outdive the Zero.

† out-diplomatize v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1848 Fraser's Mag. 37 389 We were as much out-gastronomised as out-diplomatised by the French.

† out-dissemble v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1681 J. Crown Thyestes ii. 21 He who wou'd rule so damn'd a World as this, Where so many dissembling Villains dwell, Must cheat the Devil, and out-dissemble Hell.

1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure I. 180 I think, however, he had not much to brag of having out-dissembled me; for I kept up, nobly, the character of our sex for art.

† out-drudge v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1660 N. Ingelo Bentivolio & Urania iv. 222 The Plowman strives to out-drudge his beasts, that he may grow a wealthy Yeoman.

† out-equivocate v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1681 Heraclitus Ridens 16 Aug. 1/1 He has the Head of a Jesuit, and shall out-wit, out-plot, out-swear, out-Equivocate, and out-face the whole Society.

† out-fawn v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1677 W. Wycherley Plain-dealer i. 9 For thou may'st easily come to..out-watch a Pimp, out-fawn a Rook, out-promise a Lover, out-rail a Wit, and out-brag a Sea-Captain.

1701 E. Settle Virgin Prophetess i. 3 He has a Tongue That can out fawn a hungry Parasite, cringing For a Court-Office.

1852 J. Quincy Municipal Hist. Boston 331 Massachusetts did not only thus artfully foil the Parliament, but it outfawned and outwitted Cromwell.

out-feast v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈfiːst/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈfist/

Obsolete

ΚΠ

1653 Bp. J. Taylor XXV Serm. xv. 201 He..hath out feasted Anthony or Cleopatra's luxury.

out-feed v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈfiːd/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈfid/

ΚΠ

1661 A. Brome Ess. on Contempt of Greatnesse in Songs & Other Poems 185 If 'mong the guests there should be one that..Out-sits all others and out feeds 'um too, Would you think this man temperate?

1996 E. Tenner Why Things bite Back vi. 124 They overwhelm native tree pests, including cankerworms and tent caterpillars, by outfeeding them.

out-flaunt v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈflɔːnt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈflɔnt/

/ˌaʊtˈflɑnt/

ΚΠ

1677 A. Behn Town-fopp v. 66 I wou'd have had her, but for her Fortune; which shall only serve to make thee out-flaunt all the Cracks in Town.

1991 Daily Express 1 June 3/1 Pop queens Madonna and Kylie Minogue are pushing raunchiness to the limits in an attempt to outflaunt each other.

† out-gastronomize v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1848 Fraser's Mag. 37 389 We were as much out-gastronomised as out-diplomatised by the French.

out-grin v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɡrɪn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈɡrɪn/

ΚΠ

1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 173. ¶3 An Ambition..of Out-grinning one another.

1857 A. Delano Live Woman in Mines i. v. 18 Well, we sat and grinned at each other for about an hour, and I out-grinned her.

1990 Post-Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) (Nexis) 6 Nov. b2 Area musicians and support squads tried to outmarch, outstrut and outgrin competing bands from Central and Western New York.

out-groan v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɡrəʊn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈɡroʊn/

ΚΠ

1876 T. S. Egan tr. H. Heine Atta Troll 93 Their snuffling out-groaned all the double basses of the band.

1986 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 14 Mar. b4 We come upon our cohorts,..groaning that we've no idea how long they've been waiting. We outgroan them as they hand us our share of the cheese sandwich emergency rations.

out-grunt v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɡrʌnt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈɡrənt/

ΚΠ

1683 J. Norris Murnival of Knaves 3 He can..Outgrunt the Babe of Farrowing Sow, Outlow little Irish Runt or Cow, [etc.].

1834 Fraser's Mag. 10 16 They..out-bellow bulls, out-grunt the pretty swine.

1995 Chattanooga (Tennessee) Times 5 Sept. d3 Outgrunted but not outplayed, Seles took command early.

out-hammer v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈhamə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈhæmər/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-hammer.

2001 Time Mag. (Nexis) 21 May 91 The novel ripples outward from a central event: a three-day festival..commemorating the legendary black railroad worker who outhammered a steam drill but died in victory.

out-hasten v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈheɪsn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈheɪs(ə)n/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-hasten.

out-hit v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈhɪt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈhɪt/

ΚΠ

1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. 1732/1 Outhit.

1963 Times 13 Mar. 24/4 Tonbridge were neither outmanoeuvred nor outhit and their tidy consistent play brought them to within four points of winning.

1991 M. Mantle My Favorite Summer: 1956 vii. 113 We outscored them for the Series, 55–27, and outhit them, 91–60.

out-hustle v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈhʌsl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈhəs(ə)l/

ΚΠ

a1961 Time in Webster's 3rd New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. (1961) (at cited word) It is one thing to be beaten and quite another to be outhustled.

1995 Ring July 24/2 He can outhustle most heavyweights.

out-lament v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtləˈmɛnt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtləˈmɛnt/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-lament.

out-lift v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈlɪft/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈlɪft/

ΚΠ

1858 Harper's Mag. July 277/2 The men of his county..could outrun, outjump, outlift any thing in the State.

1989 D. Morrow & M. Keyes Conc. Hist. Sport in Canada 41 It was wise to outlift an opponent by only the smallest margin necessary to win.

out-lighten v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈlʌɪtn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈlaɪtn/

ΚΠ

1876 A. C. Swinburne Erechtheus 394 Its clamour outbellows the thunder, its lightning outlightens the sun.

1878 A. C. Swinburne Poems & Ballads 2nd Ser. 14 Of all its lights..none like thy most fleet and fiery sphere's Outlightening Sirius.

† out-limn v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing xv. 140 'Twas never an heresie to out-limn Apelles.

out-linger v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈlɪŋɡə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈlɪŋɡər/

ΚΠ

1869 R. Browning Ring & Bk. IV. xi. 160 One will be found outlingering the rest.

1908 J. Barlow In Higher Latitudes in Mockers 77 Yet scarce outlingereth The earliest beam, but while long shadows creep Fades dream-like from the fields of thought and breath.

1990 Sunday Times (Nexis) 28 Jan. Bernstein was in expansive form and in his slow movement takes five minutes more than Klemperer and even outlingers Furtwangler's 1912.

† out-mount v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge iv. v. sig. I I scorn't that any wretched should suruiue, Outmounting me in that Superlatiue.

1853 E. FitzGerald Gil Perez i. iii. 113 Two falcons, wheeling round, Strive to out-mount her, tilting all along The fair blue field of heaven for their lists.

out-peal v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈpiːl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈpil/

ΚΠ

1829 T. L. Peacock Misfortunes Elphin vii. 99 The consonance, or dissonance, of men and dogs, outpealed the noise of the torrents.

1994 M. Abley Glasburyon 85 Each time we lose a language the ghosts who made use of it cast a new bell. The voices magnify. Soon, listen, they'll outpeal the tongues of earth.

out-pipe v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈpʌɪp/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈpaɪp/

ΚΠ

1685 in A. Behn et al. Misc. 150 Shou'd he not pay me Shepherd when I won? I did out pipe him, that the Youth will own.

1858 E. J. Chapman Song of Charity 90 Behind, the lark out-pipeth clear Its gayest greetings to the morn.

1995 Austin (Texas) Amer.-Statesman (Nexis) 31 Aug. 11 (headline) Houston students outpipe the Scots, win world title.

† out-pity v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1890 Daily News 10 Feb. 5/1 There can be no question that the Professor would out-pity the speculator at last.

out-plod v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈplɒd/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈplɑd/

ΚΠ

1651 R. Culmer Ministers Hue & Cry 15 Your evil manners will beget good Laws. Craft increaseth in the world, and the best Laws are out-plodded in time.

1857 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. iv. iii. 263 Under the still night-canopy they plod along;..yet behold, Rumour has outplodded them.

2000 Sports Illustr. (Nexis) 12 Apr. 76 They passed the most daunting possible test of versatility in Indy, first outplodding Wisconsin, then outsprinting the Gators.

out-populate v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈpɒpjᵿleɪt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈpɑpjəˌleɪt/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-populate.

1909 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 14 676 The Roman Catholic church has certainly succeeded in Canada and the United States by urging its members to outpopulate the Protestants.

1996 Representations No. 54. 1 In the Nintendo game Populous, the sides compete to outpopulate and thereby destroy each other.

out-praise v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈpreɪz/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈpreɪz/

ΚΠ

1781 F. Burney Diary & Lett. (1842) II. ii. 71 A general discussion, not only of Pope's Life, but of all his works, which we tried who should out-praise.

1998 N.Y. Post (Nexis) 15 Feb. 79 With (mostly male) sportswriters slavishly outpraising one another about the imaginary thrills.., it was nothing short of glorious to encounter one guy with the perspicacity and guts to compare the level of excitement..to that of any respectable pick-up game.

out-preen v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈpriːn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈprin/

ΚΠ

1879 W. D. Howells Lady of Aroostook viii. 84 In every little village there is some girl who knows how to outpreen all the others.

1995 Independent on Sunday (Nexis) 26 Feb. 18 (headline) Where the Sphynx prepares to outpreen the Munchkins, and Persians must be common.

out-procrastine v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtprə(ʊ)ˈkrastɪn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtprəˈkræstən/

/ˌaʊtproʊˈkræstən/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-procrastine.

out-prosper v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈprɒspə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈprɑspər/

ΚΠ

1991 C. Barker Imajica ii. 13 Their predecessors had been prophesying the same for three decades, and Klein had outprospered every one of them.

out-quibble v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkwɪbl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkwɪb(ə)l/

ΚΠ

1842 S. Lover Handy Andy xxv. 218 It was the bully joker..who..outquibbled the agent about the oath of allegiance.

1997 Independent (Nexis) 16 Aug. 2 Now's my chance to set the record straight; to fight fire with fire, to outquibble the quibblers, to outsmart-ass the smart-asses.

out-quote v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkwəʊt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkwoʊt/

ΚΠ

1856 C. J. Lever Martins of Cro' Martin 203 To out-talk him, out-quote, and out-anecdote him.

1937 Trans. & Proc. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 68 p. xxxv His idea of humanism was to memorize Latin authors: he could outquote some of his humanist friends.

2002 Express (Nexis) 29 July 55 He [i.e. Maurice Denham] and [Gregory] Peck would pass the time between takes trying to outquote each other from Shakespeare.

out-rap v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈrap/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈræp/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-rap.

1984 People (Nexis) 29 Oct. 102 Is Ronald Reagan really going after the black vote by trying to outrap Jesse and outdance Michael?

out-redden v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈrɛdn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈrɛd(ə)n/

ΚΠ

1852 Ld. Tennyson Ode Wellington viii Glossy purples, which outredden All voluptuous garden-roses.

1894 F. W. O. Ward Poet's Euthanasia in Confessions of Poet 44 I sought the grace that glorified the mud, And made the sterile stock in beauty bud, Out-reddening the shy blush on Hebe's cheek.

1927–9 H. Wheeler Waverley Children's Dict. V. 3065/1 A poet might speak of the sunset glow as outreddening a crimson banner.

out-rhyme v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈrʌɪm/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈraɪm/

ΚΠ

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 650/1 I outryme, je oultre rysme.

1732 A. Pope Corr. Sept. (1956) III. 312 They will out-rhyme all Eaton and Westminster.

2003 Times Colonist (Victoria) (Nexis) 1 Feb. e4 The whole gist of a battle is to outrhyme and outsmart the other person.

out-rove v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈrəʊv/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈroʊv/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-rove.

1998 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 10 July [He] would without question play football against a tiger snake at Arno Bay and probably outrove the reptile.

out-scream v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈskriːm/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈskrim/

ΚΠ

a1732 J. Gay Poet. Wks. (1926) 255 Poll, in the uproar, from his cage, With this rebuke out-scream'd her rage.

1851 Fraser's Mag. 44 448 Each trying to outscream, outroar, outbellow and outblaspheme his neighbour.

1992 D. Parish & P. Lancaster Prisoner in Baghdad 139 Tempers flared at the slightest provocation and everyone got in on the act, taking sides and trying to outscream everyone else.

out-shout v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈʃaʊt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈʃaʊt/

ΚΠ

1855 J. Brougham Pocahontas ii. i. 24 You'd out-shout the treble baseness of his tenor!

1894 Sat. Rev. 24 Nov. 552/1 They are out-numbered, out-shouted, and out-voiced by pretentious dilettanti, pushing quacks, and dryasdust philologians.

1991 E. Rakowski Equal Justice iii. xii. 293 People are trying to outshout one another for assistance.

out-shriek v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈʃriːk/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈʃrik/

ΚΠ

1832 W. Motherwell Caveat to Wind in Poet. Wks. (1849) 95 Go, tear each fluttering rag away, Outshriek the mariner.

1892 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 184/2 Like sopranos and tenors of strong pulmonary powers trying to outshriek the clash and clang of a Wagnerian orchestra.

1999 Los Angeles Mag. (Nexis) 1 May 97 The trek..was grueling. But the primordial vegetation and the howler monkeys outshrieking the parrots made it worth the effort.

† out-sigh v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1956) VIII. 246 To set Christ Jesus before him, to out-sigh him, out-weepe him.

1685 N. Tate Piscatory Eclogues of Sanzarinus ii, in Poems by Several Hands 355 Must I, unpitty'd, on bleak Rocks reside, Out-sigh the Winds, out-swell with Tears the Tide?

out-skate v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈskeɪt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈskeɪt/

ΚΠ

1862 Ladies' Repository July 407/1 I can not help wishing that Hetty would not try to out-skate the rough and stronger boys.

1992 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 14 Dec. d 1/1 My game plan is to really try and outskate everybody with a complete package.

† out-slander v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1647 F. Wortley Mercurius Britanicus his Welcome to Hell 2 Thou hast out-slander'd slander, and prevail'd.

1867 Felton's Greece, Anc. & Mod. II. 156 Dealing in slander and slang until they have outslandered and outslanged the natural masters of these vulgar arts.

out-snore v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈsnɔː/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈsnɔr/

ΚΠ

1616 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Scornful Ladie ii. sig. C4^v He out-snores the Poet.

1706 T. Baker Hampstead Heath iv. ii. 47 To be Under Scavenger, and shovel up the Street Dirt; Head Church-Warden, to out-snore the whole Parish, and pocket the Poor's Money.

1999 Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch (Nexis) 23 Mar. 1 g Someone actually needed a research grant to figure out that men outsnore women?

out-speculate v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈspɛkjᵿleɪt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈspɛkjəˌleɪt/

ΚΠ

1848 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. (rev. ed.) vii. i. 384 Those ingenious people..out-bargain them in the market, out-speculate them in the exchange.

1992 Skeptical Inquirer Summer 416/1 Talbot outspeculates both of them by taking their surmises boldly where no man has gone before or will ever go.

out-sprint v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈsprɪnt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈsprɪnt/

ΚΠ

1938 Times 25 July 5/1 Pender had struck two even shrewder blows for his side by out-sprinting A. Pennington twice.

1992 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Jrnl. 23 July c1/1 Mionske..was out-sprinted for a bronze medal in the 1988 Olympics.

† out-squall v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1837 B. D. Walsh tr. Aristophanes Knights i. iii, in Comedies 160 I will squall till I outsquall ye!

1840 J. H. Frere Knights 23 I'll out-scream ye and out-squall ye.

out-squeal v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈskwiːl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈskwil/

ΚΠ

1850 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis (1885) xxxvii. 362 Two squealing cockatoos, each out-squealing and out-chattering the other.

1995 C. D. Short Shining Shining Path i. 21 He duck-walked the length of the stage, coaxing layer on layer of feedback from his instrument in a futile attempt to outsqueal the frantic fans.

out-sting v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈstɪŋ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈstɪŋ/

ΚΠ

1752 E. Young Brothers v. i Demetrius' sigh outstings the dart of death.

1993 N. C. L. Madgett Venom in Remembrances of Spring 85 I have no beauty to combat The beauty of your face; No venom to outsting the venom Of your scarlet lips.

out-strut v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈstrʌt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈstrət/

ΚΠ

1690 W. Mountfort Successfull Straingers v. i. 45 Thou shalt..out-strut a Citty-Colonell at the Head of his Regiment.

1848 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. (rev. ed.) vi. i. 310 Striving to outstrut and outswell each other like a couple of belligerent turkeycocks.

1995 Face Aug. 136/3 The scene where Travolta out-struts the competition in the 2001 club remains a defining image of the Seventies.

† out-sulk v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! xxv. 191 The only way to cure her sulkiness was to outsulk her.

out-swim v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈswɪm/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈswɪm/

ΚΠ

1603 N. Breton Dialogue Pithe & Pleasure sig. D4^v The Hare will outrunne him, and the Dolphin outswim him.

1854 R. Owen Struct. Skeleton & Teeth in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 198 It can..outswim the fish.

2002 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 8 Nov. 5 b If it came right down to it, could you outswim a manatee?

out-swindle v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈswɪndl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈswɪnd(ə)l/

ΚΠ

1901 Daily Chron. 13 Apr. 3/3 He..set himself to the task of out-swindling a swindling firm of company promoters.

2002 Kirkus Rev. (Nexis) 15 May A counterfeiter and a con artist are outswindled by Colby's serial sleuth T.C. Brock.

† out-testify v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1870 J. Ruskin in Pall Mall Gaz. (1892) 11 Mar. 3/1 What testimonial can I offer to you that will not be a thousand-fold out-testified by the consent of all who know you?

out-threaten v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈθrɛtn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈθrɛtn/

ΚΠ

1824 T. Hood Two Swans in New Monthly Mag. 10 146 His ruby eye out-threaten'd Mars.

1991 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 2 Sept. (Sports section) 1 The Vikings..outrushed, outpassed and outthreatened the Bears.

out-throb v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈθrɒb/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈθrɑb/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-throb.

1995 M. Amis Information (1996) 119 This fact inflicted a wound that still outthrobbed all others.

† out-tinkle v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1876 T. S. Egan tr. H. Heine Atta Troll 211 The earnest tones were..out-tinkled by the bells of humour.

out-tower v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈtaʊə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈtaʊ(ə)r/

ΚΠ

1708 Brit. Apollo 18–20 Aug. Some Arrow..Mounts..upwards and out-tow'rs the sight.

a1962 E. E. Cummings Structure in Compl. Poems (1994) 352 Stern sexual timelessness, outtowering This noisy impotence of not and same.

† out-triple v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1811 L.-M. Hawkins Countess & Gertrude I. ii. 30 Tis easy to triple what has out-tripled itself.

† out-tyrannize v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1851 Fraser's Mag. 44 471 Custom out-tyrannizes absolutism.

† out-usure v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1631 J. Donne Poems (1633) 330 But these do mee no harme, nor they which use To..out-usure Jewes.

1735 A. Pope Satires of Donne ii, in Wks. II. 38 Out-usure Jews, or Irishmen out-swear.

† out-vapour v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1648 Mercurius Melancholicus 28 Aug.–4 Sept. 159 The Land is ours, would Neptune tack about, and pay us homage as a gentle Lout, We would out-vapour hell, and court the high Into a treaty, force his blazing eye.

1840 J. H. Frere Birds 46 Where those earthborn landed Giants Were bullied and out-vapour'd by the gods.

† out-vary v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1665 G. Wilde Loves Hospitall (1973) iii. i. 58 Couldst y^u outvary Proteus Ile not change.

1892 Standard 3 Oct. 5/3 The leaves outvary the rainbow.

† out-vociferate v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1818 J. Bentham Church-of-Englandism 359 To out-vociferate the cry of Corruption.

1840 J. H. Frere Knights 62 You'll over-bawl him, never fear, and out-vociferate him.

out-wait v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈweɪt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈweɪt/

ΚΠ

1616 B. Jonson Epicœne iv. v, in Wks. I. 580 Hee'll watch you this se'n-night but hee'll haue you. Hee'll out-wait a sargeant for you.

1777 G. Colman Epicoene v. 300 He'll watch you this se'nnight, but he'll have you: He'll out-wait a serjeant for you.

1992 C. P. Estés Women who run with Wolves vi. 190 She will strenuously outwait, outwit, outrun and outlast whatever is bedeviling her.

† out-wake v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1631 B. Jonson New Inne i. vi. 91 And, now, I can out-wake the Nightingale, Out-watch an vsurer, and out-walke him too.

1877 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 10) i. 23 This soul forechosen, long tested,..Outwaked doubt's night.

out-waltz v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈwɔːl(t)s/

/ˌaʊtˈwɒl(t)s/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈwɔl(t)s/

/ˌaʊtˈwɑl(t)s/

ΚΠ

1880 M. E. Braddon Just as I Am xxi ‘Are you tired?’ asked Morton, when they had out-waltzed the other two for about five minutes.

1990 Record (Nexis) 15 Feb. d1 The biggest titan of all..had just turned 60 but could outwaltz and outlast even the most spirited dancers in the room.

out-warble v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈwɔːbl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈwɔrb(ə)l/

ΚΠ

1654 R. Aylett Susanna i. 5 in Divine & Moral Speculations It doth her husbands heart rejoyce, To hear her Lute outwarbled by her voice.

1872 R. Browning Fifine xxxii. 34 What sound out-warbles brook?

2001 Wales on Sunday (Nexis) 27 May 8 The four singers compete in a Mariah Carey soundalike competition to see who can outwarble the others.

out-whine v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈwʌɪn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈ(h)waɪn/

ΚΠ

1677 J. Crowne Destr. Jerusalem i. i. 8 He is at once both perjur'd and devout: And does at once both Parties cheat and please, Out-faces us, out-whines the Pharisees.

1849 C. M. Kirkland Dahcotah ii. 60 The girl..stumbles over an unfortunate dog, who commences a horrible barking and whining, tempting all the dogs of the village to out-bark and outwhine him.

2000 Sun Herald (Sydney) (Nexis) 6 Feb. 67 There's so much moaning going on among Sydneysiders about the Olympics, we'd easily outwhine an airport full of jumbo jets.

out-whip v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈwɪp/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈ(h)wɪp/

ΚΠ

1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 25 May 6/2 Liberals..contended that it was merely a case of being outwhipped.

1994 Rocky Mountain News (Nexis) 18 Jan. 5 a He can't outwhip me, he can't outtalk me, he can't do anything better than me.

† out-whirl v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the First 11 To see thy Wheel Of ceaseless change outwhirl'd in human Life.

out-whore v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈhɔː/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈhɔr/

ΚΠ

1697 C. Cibber Womans Wit v. 74 He out-does me at my own Weapon, he out-drinks me, out-whores me, out-swears me.

1738 A. Pope One Thousand Seven Hundred & Thirty Eight 7 Ye Gods! shall Cibber's Son, without rebuke Swear like a Lord? or Rich out-whore a Duke?

2001 Guardian (Nexis) 28 Aug. 8 Sixteen cammers will be competing under the..motto: ‘Outpose. Outshine. Outwhore.’

out-wile v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈwʌɪl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈwaɪl/

ΚΠ

1892 Sat Rev. 5 Mar. 276/2 These two outwile the wiliest of the red men.

1990 People (Nexis) 7 May 150 Mercedes outwiled Anne.

† out-wish v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1651 T. Stanley Excuse for wishing her Lesse Fair in Poems 10 To wish it had been more, Had been to outwish her store.

a1657 R. Loveday Lett. (1663) 26 You have not a friend hath out-gladded me for your well-being, nor out-wish'd me for the continuance.

(ii) To get the better of, overpower, or defeat in a direct competition involving the action of the simple verb. See also outbalance v., outbrave v. 2, outjockey v., outmatch v., outrival v.

(1)

outbargain v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbɑːɡ(ᵻ)n/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbɑrɡən/

ΚΠ

1834 M. Edgeworth Helen II. iii. 57 The two parties..try to outwit or outbargain each other.

1978 Phylon 39 136 Most white families can outbargain most black families when such traditional criteria are employed as family income and material advantages.

out-batter v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbatə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbædər/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-batter.

2001 Observer (Nexis) 1 July (Sport section) 3 To outbatter the batterers was stunning. Literally, I suppose if you were in the Aussie shoes.

† out-blackguard v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1813 W. Taylor in Monthly Rev. 72 523 Oldham could out-blackguard Pope.

† out-bless v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1621–31 W. Laud Seven Serm. (1847) 37 The happy commerce that a Prince hath with his people, when they strive to out-bless one another.

1852 E. G. Holland Highland Treason iv. v. 341 In thine higher powers outlive the stars, Outbloom the violet, outshine the sun, Outflow the rivers, and outbless the spring's Sweet fragrance.

out-brawl v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbrɔːl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbrɔl/

/ˌaʊtˈbrɑl/

ΚΠ

1600 Looke about You sig. B4 Wantons words Quickly can master men, tongues out brawle swords.

1893 Cent. Mag. Dec. 263/2 Out-betting and out-brawling him at the races and the hazard clubs.

2002 Sun (Baltimore) (Nexis) 13 Dec. 1 e Trying to outthink, rather than outbrawl, each other.

out-cheat v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈtʃiːt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈtʃit/

ΚΠ

?1655 R. Baron Mirza iv. 105 Greatest deceivers when they me shall know Out-cheat a woman, and a strumpet too.

1918 J. London Water Baby in Cosmopolitan Sept. 85 The longer-tailed ones cheating and stretching in order not to be outcheated and outstretched.

1983 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 70 458 We are told that O'Daniel outcheated Johnson and that buying and stealing of votes was a staple of Texas politics.

out-compete v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtkəmˈpiːt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtkəmˈpit/

ΚΠ

1873 Appletons' Jrnl. 1 Mar. 315/2 American comedians have out-competed the English on their own ground.

1994 N.Y. Times 27 Sept. c3/1 Some species of plants concentrate their energy on producing structures that equip them to out-compete other species for dominance in a given habitat.

† out-compliment v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1702 C. Beaumont J. Beaumont's Psyche (new ed.) xxiii. clxxxi. 354 He..gently strove Her Sorrows Fulness to out-compliment.

out-huff v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈhʌf/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈhəf/

ΚΠ

1671 T. Shadwell Humorists iii. 29 He shall not out-huffe me—Look you Sir, I am no man to be frighted, though you look as big as a Dutch Trumpeter.

1698 E. Ward London Spy I. i. 8 He can..out-huff a Bully.

1992 Star Tribune (Minneapolis) (Nexis) 8 Oct. 6 c The Royals outhuffed and outpuffed Richfield 52-34 in a Lake Blue Conference game.

† out-mate v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1836 J. Baillie Witchcraft iii. i. 87 Since the pride of your heart so far outmates its generosity.

out-strive v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈstrʌɪv/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈstraɪv/

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or defeat > by other specific means

out-strive?1614

to swear downa1616

over-clamour1713

outpsychc1965

?1614 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses i. 2 All the rest that austere Death outstroue..safe anchor'd are.

a1693 Z. Boyd Sel. Serm. (1989) vi. 257 Lord, let thy mercies come first vnto vs... Let them..outstrife all thy iudgements.

1898 Westm. Gaz. 24 Feb. 2/3 While giant Titans all the rest outstrove With praises of the New Hyperion.

1950 A. Baltzly & A. W. Salomone in Readings 20th-cent. European Hist. xxxiv. 389 Even before the European chancellories had fully mobilized their diplomatic apparatus to cope with the new crisis, world opinion had outstriven them in a frantic race to take sides in the conflict.

1995 Toronto Star (Nexis) 8 Jan. a12 His mind used to outstrive the rest of him.

† out-tease v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1748 S. Richardson Clarissa IV. xxiv. 131 The Sex may thank themselves for learning me to out-teaze them.

a1859 W. Watt Poems & Songs (1860) 159 The sex, out-teased with spite and spleen, All disappointed, left the scene.

(2)

out-rebound v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈriːbaʊnd/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈriˌbaʊnd/

Basketball (transitive) to outdo in retrieving balls rebounding after an unsuccessful shot.

ΚΠ

1951 N.Y. Times 16 Mar. 36/1 St. Johns was out-shot and out-rebounded by the Ohio Flyers.

1993 Sports Illustr. 7 June 16/2 Seattle did a fine job on the offensive boards—outrebounding the Suns 78–48 in the four games.

(iii) To overcome or defeat by the action of the simple verb.

(1)

† out-baffle v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

a1657 W. Burton Comm. Antoninus his Itinerary (1658) 128 A bold man, that out baffled the then Proprietor here.

out-blur v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbləː/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈblər/

ΚΠ

1669 Addr. Hopeful Young Gentry 7 We have no copy left so foul, which too ingeniously transcribing vice do's not every day out-blur.

2001 Chicago Sun-Times (Nexis) 7 Jan. 128 His speed should be registered as a firearm, outblurred..only by his flapping lips.

out-buzz v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbʌz/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbəz/

ΚΠ

1824 T. L. Beddoes Let. 9 June in Wks. (1935) 588 The house was about one-third full, and the people all talking, so that there was a buz outbuzzing the Royal Exchange all night.

1880 Ld. Tennyson Columbus 120 The flies at home, that ever swarm about And..murmur down Truth in the distance—these outbuzz'd me.

1960 D. B. W. Lewis One-way Song 76 No bee in his bonnet Outbuzzes any other that lands on it.

out-cavil v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkav(ɪ)l/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkæv(ə)l/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-cavil.

† out-flout v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1614 T. Jackson Third Bk. Comm. Apostles Creede iii. xxv. §1 As if he meant to outflout the Apostle for prohibiting all besides..Christ Iesus.

out-scorn v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈskɔːn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈskɔrn/

ΚΠ

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear viii. 9 To outscorne, The too and fro conflicting wind and raine.

1868 C. Lofft Ernest (ed. 2) vii. 161 Outscorning scorn That fain would fasten on their raggedness, By daring of their eye and weather'd brow.

a1972 E. Pound Das Babenzorn in Coll. Early Poems (1976) 257 Scorns have I seen but Lady Babchen's scorn Outscorneth all the scorns that I have seen.

out-war v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈwɔː/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈwɔr/

(also figurative)

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > conquer or overcome

overcomeeOE

shendc893

awinc1000

overwinOE

overheaveOE

to lay downa1225

mate?c1225

discomfitc1230

win1297

dauntc1300

cumber1303

scomfit1303

fenkc1320

to bear downc1330

confoundc1330

confusec1330

to do, put arrear1330

oversetc1330

vanquishc1330

conquerc1374

overthrowc1375

oppressc1380

outfighta1382

to put downa1382

discomfortc1384

threshc1384

vencuea1400

depressc1400

venque?1402

ding?a1425

cumrayc1425

to put to (also at, unto) the (also one's) worsec1425

to bring or put to (or unto) utterance1430

distrussc1430

supprisec1440

ascomfita1450

to do stress?c1450

victorya1470

to make (win) a conquest1477

convanquish1483

conquest1485

defeat1485

oversailc1485

conques1488

discomfish1488

fulyie1488

distress1489

overpress1489

cravent1490

utter?1533

to give (a person) the overthrow1536

debel1542

convince1548

foil1548

out-war1548

profligate1548

proflige?c1550

expugnate1568

expugn1570

victor1576

dismay1596

damnify1598

triumph1605

convict1607

overman1609

thrash1609

beat1611

debellate1611

import1624

to cut to (or in) pieces1632

maitrise1636

worst1636

forcea1641

outfight1650

outgeneral1767

to cut up1803

smash1813

slosh1890

ream1918

hammer1948

1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xxiv. 190 b By these captaines shall he outwarre & subdue all the uniuersall kyngdomes of y^e worlde.

1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xii. 786/2 They desire..not to seeme by sitting still..to haue beene outwarred, though ouer-warred.

1908 J. Payne Last Toast in Carol & Cadence 301 When Love shall be lord In the world outwarred.

(2)

outslug v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈslʌɡ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈsləɡ/

Sport (chiefly Baseball and Boxing) (transitive) to overpower by superior hitting.

ΚΠ

1946 Liberty 15 June 18/2 His magnificent audacity in trying to outslug the Bomber, who outweighed him by more than twenty-five pounds,..made Billy a famous, popular ‘almost was’.

1974 Aiken (S. Carolina) Standard 22 Apr. 2- b/8 The Chicago White Sox outslugged the Kansas City Royals 11–7.

1987 Boxing Scene Sept. 98/1 Baer was outboxed and outslugged by a young Joe Louis.

(c) To do more than is required, expected, or customary in respect of the action of the simple verb.

(i)

† out-calvinize v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1830 Edinb. Rev. 50 336 The absolute decree..is here far out-calvinised.

out-pay v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈpeɪ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈpeɪ/

ΚΠ

1733 E. Budgell Bee IV. 519 Half a Crown out-pays his Sweats worth.

a1916 J. Todhunter Isolt of Ireland (1927) i. i. 30 Oh, my dear uncle, Your gracious goodness far outpays my worth!

† out-please v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1618 T. Adams Happines of Church ii. 432 Hauing a little fed his eye with that, outpleaseth him with a Saphyre.

1767 C. Smart tr. Horace Epistles i. iv, in tr. Horace Wks. (new ed.) IV. 36 Are you now writing to out-please The works of Cassius?

† out-practise v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God 78 Unlesse we would say, that he Out-practis'd what he Taught.

† out-ravish v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

c1450 (?c1425) St. Mary of Oignies ii. ii, in Anglia (1885) 8 176 While she so oute-rauisshed was, angwysshed wiþ houge desyre.

a1687 C. Cotton Poems (1689) 28 And of such a rich perfume, As, to say I dare presume, Will out-ravish and out-wear That of th' fulsome Milliner.

1883 A. Domett Ranolf & Amohia (rev. ed.) I. i. 45 Melodies of such entrancing tone As would outravish all to mortal music known!

out-realize v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈrɪəlʌɪz/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈri(ə)ˌlaɪz/

ΚΠ

1806 A. Knox Remains I. 14 St. Paul out-realized this far.

1904 M. Ghose Perseus iv, in Coll. Poems (1970) I. 122 Outrealise her fancy's burning scorn With beauty rude from out the world's fresh prime.

† out-resent v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

a1718 W. Penn Tracts in Wks. (1726) I. 900 Some People have out-resented their Wrong so far.

(ii)

† out-Atlas v. Obsolete rare transitive to weigh down with a greater load than Atlas had to bear.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > hinder in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > encumber > burden > excessively

overbidc1175

chargea1398

overburden1532

overload1553

overweigh1576

over-Atlas1593

overpoise1599

out-Atlas1603

superonerate1607

overfreight1711

overweight1811

overpress1886

1603 T. Dekker et al. Patient Grissill sig. C2^v If you should beare all the wrongs, you would be out Athlassed.

† out-beggar v. [compare beggar v. 2] Obsolete transitive to go far beyond .

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > poverty > make poor or impoverish [verb (transitive)] > make extremely poor or destitute

bankrupt?a1625

out-beggar1810

vagrantize1893

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake ii. 75 O! it out-beggars all I lost!

1842 E. S. Wortley Maiden of Moscow 9 His fires out-beggar'd by the blaze Of that bright soul whose thoughts were rays.

b. Formed on adjectives. To exceed or surpass in the quality expressed by the adjective. See also to out-old the old, to out-royal royalty at sense 4c(c)(iv).

† out-active v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) London 191 No wonder if the Younger out-active those who are more ancient.

out-black v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈblak/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈblæk/

ΚΠ

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iii. 15 Seeing his ink out-black'd with her expression.

1886 Atlantic Monthly Mar. 296/1 There was ne'er a nobler-looking man, for all he might outblack Satan in his soul.

1991 C. Eddy Stairway to Hell 96/1 He paints his face jungle-style, outblacking his minstrel idols.

out-game v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɡeɪm/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈɡeɪm/

ΚΠ

1892 N.Y. Times 30 May 2/5 Hall outgamed his opponent and won, 6-0.

1998 Boxing Monthly June 8/1 Some think Holyfield will simply outgame and overwhelm Akinwande.

out-grave v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɡreɪv/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈɡreɪv/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-grave.

out-guttural v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɡʌt(ə)rəl/

/ˌaʊtˈɡʌt(ə)rl̩/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈɡədərəl/

ΚΠ

1901 Westm. Gaz. 7 Aug. 2/1 Some Dutch ladies, out-gutturaling even the Swiss themselves.

† out-infinite v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1645 T. Fuller Good Thoughts in Bad Times iv. i. 195 Fools..indeavouring to Out-infinite Gods Kindnesse, with their Cruelty.

1655 J. Quarles Gods Love in Divine Meditations i. 6 Let none dispair, for Heav'ns known mercies can Out-infinite the greatest sins of man.

out-modern v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈmɒdn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈmɑdərn/

ΚΠ

1922 19th Cent. Apr. 654 The old dog could in truth out-modern the best of them.

1952 Econ. Jrnl. 62 284 Professor Leontief out-moderned the moderns by presenting a case in which the terms of trade changed..in favor of the paying country.

1997 Atlantic Monthly (Nexis) Oct. 108 Many upscale clothing boutiques now outmodern the Modern. Being overtaken by Giorgio Armani and Calvin Klein might cause a museum to worry.

out-subtle v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈsʌtl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈsəd(ə)l/

ΚΠ

a1625 J. Fletcher Monsieur Thomas (1639) iv. ii. sig. I3^v The Divell I thinke Cannot out subtle thee.

1935 E. R. Eddison Mistress xv. 300 Can the Devil outsubtle you, madonna?

† out-swift v. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (transitive)] > gain (ground) upon > catch up or overtake > outstrip

to leave behinda1393

overgoc1425

preventa1500

outgo1530

out-trot1555

outstrip1567

stripa1592

outpacea1596

out-swift1606

to have (also get) the speed ofa1616

outstretcha1642

to give (a person or thing) the go-by1642

to gain bounds of1653

outrace1657

outspeed1661

to cast behind1681

distance1691

belag1721

repass1728

outfoot1740

outdistance1789

fore-reach1803

to have the foot of1832

to run away1843

slip1856

short-head1863

tine1871

forespeed1872

outrate1873

1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 29 Thou that..Out-swifted Arrowes, and out-went the Winde.

a1618 J. Sylvester New-polished Spectacles in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Diuine Weekes & Wks. (1621) 1181 Worldly Pleasures, vain Delights, Far out-swift far sudden flights, Waters, Arrows, and the Windes.

c. Formed on nouns.

(a) Formed on nouns referring to qualities, actions, or objects: to outdo (a person or thing) in respect of the quality, action or object expressed by the noun. See also outfoot v., outlung v., outlustre v., outnumber v., outrange v., outrate v., out-tongue v.

(i)

out-anecdote v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈanᵻkdəʊt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈænəkˌdoʊt/

ΚΠ

1856 C. J. Lever Martins of Cro' Martin 203 To out-talk him, out-quote, and out-anecdote him.

1999 Florida Times-Union (Nexis) 30 May f7 Many travel tales, like fishing stories, get a little embellished..as globe trotters try to outanecdote each other at youth hostels and budget cafes around the world.

† out-Billingsgate v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1681 E. Hickeringill Char. Sham Plotter in Wks. (1716) I. 219 Dulness and Slander enough to out-Billingsgate Heraclitus Ridens.

† out-billow v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1850 J. S. Blackie tr. Æschylus Lyrical Dramas I. 69 High-crested surges of fierce woes, That far out-billow mine.

out-colour v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkʌlə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkələr/

ΚΠ

1866 C. W. Hoskyns Occas. Ess. 38 Let the artist dash on his lights and shadows how he may, a real sunset outcolours him.

2002 Gold Coast Bull. (Austral.) (Nexis) 25 Oct. Newlyweds Charles and Tracey..outcoloured..everyone in their multicoloured Versace pants and bright shirts.

out-compass v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkʌmpəs/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkəmpəs/

ΚΠ

1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. B1^v Least it should make it swell or outcompasse it selfe.

1883 R. Bridges Prometheus 33 Yet since wise guidance with a little means Can more than force unminded, I have skill To conjure evil & outcompass strength.

† out-confidence v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1651 Animadversions in C. Love Case 34 Mr. Love did not, could not at his death out-confidence the ordinary sort of Papists, Priests and Jesuits among us, that have from time to time drunk of the same cup with him.

out-course v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkɔːs/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkɔrs/

ΚΠ

1887 R. Browning B. de Mandeville x, in Parleyings 47 Eyes that could outcourse The eagle's soaring.

2002 Racing Post (Nexis) 11 Nov. 79 Stour Vale led Wood Limes half a length in the second round, but was outcoursed by his opponent.

† out-cricket v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1893 National Observer 14 Oct. 558/2 A Parsee team to outcricket an English eleven!

out-crown v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkraʊn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkraʊn/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-crown.

† out-duty v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1655 H. Vaughan Silex Scintillans (ed. 2) ii. 14 O let no star compare with thee! Nor any herb out-duty me!

† out-faith v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. iv. 109 That good Centurion: who though a Gentile out-faithed Israel itself.

out-fame v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈfeɪm/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈfeɪm/

ΚΠ

1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. iv. ii. §21. 207 Those two great Captaines (whom Alexander sought by all meanes to out-fame).

1894 Harper's Mag. May 822/1 Mrs. Stowe, who far outfamed the rest as the author of the most renowned novel ever written.

2002 Slate Mag. (Nexis) 22 Feb. His celebrity girlfriend..outfamed and then dumped him.

out-feat v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈfiːt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈfit/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-feat.

out-feature v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈfiːtʃə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈfitʃər/

ΚΠ

1929 R. Bridges Test. Beauty i. 714 True beauty of manhood outfeatureth childish charm.

2001 U.S. News & World Rep. 26 Nov. 69/4 Motorola Accompli 009..outfeatures rival smart phones from Samsung and Ericsson.

out-figure v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈfɪɡə/

/ˌaʊtˈfɪɡjʊə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈfɪɡjər/

ΚΠ

1842 Ladies' Repository Feb. 57/2 All outfigures the soldier. He has a complacency—perhaps it is that of acknowledged domination.

2001 World & I (Nexis) 1 Dec. 234 What should a reader expect from the development of a historical novel if he suspects that the novelist sees him as someone to be outfigured, outsmarted, and outplayed?

out-flavour v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈfleɪvə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈfleɪvər/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-flavour.

1993 Record (Kitchener-Waterloo, Ont.) (Nexis) 18 Mar. b4 The [ice cream] company also outflavours the competition with some 32 different flavours compared to about five from each of the other major companies.

out-gambit v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɡambɪt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈɡæmbət/

ΚΠ

1962 L. Deighton Ipcress File v. 34 I felt tired and out~gambited.

out-girth v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɡəːθ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈɡərθ/

ΚΠ

1883 Harper's Mag. Nov. 900/1 The well-set chest outgirths the indifferent one by seldom over three inches.

1999 Weekend Austral. (Nexis) 11 Sept. r1 You cab it to one of those uptown Manhattan addresses where the pavement almost outgirths the street.

out-glory v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɡlɔːri/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈɡlɔri/

ΚΠ

1649 R. Lovelace Lucasta: Epodes, Odes, Sonnets, Songs 143 Behold how lightning like a Taper flyes And guilds your Chari't, but ashamed dyes Seeing it selfe out-gloried by your Eyes.

1893 E. Arnold Adzuma iii. iv. 103 I gave you leave to match Your prettiest gowns with Autumn's dying dress, Yet she outglories you.

1993 V. Seth Suitable Boy (U.K. ed.) iii. 159 The three magic letters after his name that indicated that he was a Fellow of the Royal Society outgloried twenty ‘Professors’.

out-gorget v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈɡɔːdʒᵻt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈɡɔrdʒət/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-gorget.

† out-grain v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1648 J. Beaumont Psyche iii. xlv. 29 She blushed more than they, and of their owne Blush made them all asham'd, to see how farr It was out-blushed and out-grain'd by her.

1876 J. B. L. Warren Soldier of Fortune ii. iii. 110 His lips the tender rose-pale willow-weed, His cheek outgraining the best cheek on all The sunny side of the orchard.

out-horror v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈhɒrə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈhɔrər/

ΚΠ

1797 A. M. Bennett Beggar Girl (1813) IV. 125 I am sure I could outhorror the wax all to nothing, if I could but write a little faster, and spell a little better.

1996 Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch (Nexis) 7 Sept. f10 From ABC, Stephen King's ‘The Shining,’ one of the longer projects at six hours, hopes to outhorror the 1980 movie version of King's book.

† out-hymn v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

a1704 T. Brown Last Observator in Duke of Buckingham Wks. (1705) II. ii. 101 And I'll by far outhymn the fam'd de Foe.

† out-impudence v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1837 B. D. Walsh tr. Aristophanes Knights iv. i, in Comedies 244 Confound it, I shall be out-impudenced!

out-letter v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈlɛtə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈlɛdər/

ΚΠ

1870 Daily News Nov. 24 In vain they fall back on their pens and indite letters and proclamations, their President out-letters and out-proclaims them.

1991 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 26 June a22/1 Mr. Moynihan, man of letters, has been outlettered.

out-light v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈlʌɪt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈlaɪt/

ΚΠ

1648 Earl of Westmorland Otia Sacra 26 Gods Mercy shines 'bove all His works, as farr As doth the Cyprian-Queen out-light a Starr.

2002 Orlando Sentinel (Nexis) 23 Dec. e1 His neighbor..provoked him to further excess by installing 3 enormous, inflatable Christmas figures in his front yard. The two men had not met when their race to outlight each other began.

out-lip v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈlɪp/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈlɪp/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-lip.

1999 Sport (Nexis) 1 June 49 He almost blew the audition... But he arrived in time to outlip five other wanna-bes for the $75-a-day fee.

† out-long-word v. Obsolete Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1837 M. R. Mitford in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) III. 71 I..had the glory of out-long-wording both parties.

out-luck v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈlʌk/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈlək/

ΚΠ

1847 J. H. Green Gambling Unmasked! (ed. 2) 204 I can beat him playing, but he out-lucks me.

1916 H. Titus I Conquered ix. 119 The hind legs straightened, that mighty force bore on his footing—and the stone slipped. The Captain [sc. a horse] was out~lucked.

1980 R. Mayer 1937 Newark Bears xii. 158 We have outplayed them in half the games they beat us. But we haven't outlucked them.

out-machine v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtməˈʃiːn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtməˈʃin/

ΚΠ

1942 Ann. Reg. 1941 39 General Wavell had to conduct simultaneously a number of campaigns in each of which he was outnumbered and outmachined.

1983 Production Engin. (Nexis) Dec. 14 To thrive in a low-price market, you must outdesign and outmachine the competition.

† out-mantle v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1785 W. Cowper Task v. 680 With poetic trappings grace thy prose Till it outmantle all the pride of verse.

out-marvel v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈmɑːvl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈmɑrv(ə)l/

ΚΠ

1858 J. B. Norton Topics for Indian Statesmen 13 The wonderful defence of the house of Arrah..has only been outmarvelled by the defence of the entrenchment at Lucknow.

1906 B. Carman Pipes of Pan V. 79 The miracle of beauty Outmarvelling the flowers.

1999 Time Mag. (Nexis) 8 Nov. 64 We trust that the future will outmarvel the past.

out-metaphor v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈmɛtəfə/

/ˌaʊtˈmɛtəfɔː/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈmɛdəˌfɔr/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-metaphor.

2000 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 12 May (Business section) 3 Not to be outmetaphored, Fitzgerald said authorizing single-stock futures ‘could be the biggest thing to hit Chicago since Sammy Sosa.’

out-million v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈmɪlj(ə)n/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈmɪlj(ə)n/

ΚΠ

1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. xxviii. 130 And every sparkle shivering to new blaze, In number did outmillion the account.

1897 F. Thompson New Poems 69 See..The many-breasted sky out-millioned By the splendours of her vest.

1994 Philadelphia Daily News (Nexis) 21 Jan. 107 CBS lost its 38-year NFL affiliation when it was outmillioned by Fox for the NFC package.

out-miracle v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈmɪrᵻkl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈmɪrᵻk(ə)l/

ΚΠ

1833 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. v, in Fraser's Mag. Dec. 670/2 All miracles have been out-miracled: for there are Rothschilds and English National Debts.

1992 Brit. Med. Jrnl. (Nexis) 6 June 1515 The old native medic has..disappeared into the jungle,..having been outmiracled in the eyes of the locals by Campbell's cunning use of Alka Seltzer.

out-monster v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈmɒnstə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈmɑnstər/

ΚΠ

1767 H. Hartson Countess of Salisbury v. 64 The earth has teem'd with prodigies, this sure Out-monsters all.

2002 Ventura County Star (Calif.) (Nexis) 4 Oct. e1 In the remake, Fiennes does his level best to outmonster Anthony Hopkins in a creepily fascinating role as Dolarhyde the warped serial killer.

out-name v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈneɪm/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈneɪm/

ΚΠ

1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Maides Trag. v. sig. L2 Thou hast..found one, to out-name thy other faults.

1980 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 22 July 18 The entire Thai Army of 145,000 is outnamed by the 160,000 Vietnamese forces stationed in Cambodia and Laos. Hanoi's battle-hardened standing army totals 1 million men.

† out-nick v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1667 G. Digby Elvira iv. 48 I took my time in th'nick, but she out nick't me.

out-night v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈnʌɪt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈnaɪt/

ΚΠ

1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice v. i. 23 I would out-night you did no body come.

1701 G. G. Lansdowne Jew of Venice v. i. 40 In such a Night. I would out-Night you. But hark! I hear a footing.

1999 Shakespeare Q. 50 27 The fifth act begins with Lorenzo and Jessica trying to ‘out-night’ one another.

† out-ochre v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1833 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 33 846 Our cheeks outochre a sick dandelion.

out-passion v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈpaʃn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈpæʃən/

ΚΠ

1887 R. W. Gilder Celestial Passion 23 One sweep of his harp-strings outpassioned the height of your song.

2003 Stratford Beacon Herald (Ont.) (Nexis) 9 Jan. 4 Our men outplayed and outpassioned the Americans. Double hockey gold.

† out-poison v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1702 C. Beaumont J. Beaumont's Psyche (new ed.) xi. ccxxiii. 176 A Stink Outpois'ning all the Bane of Thessaly!

out-poll v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈpəʊl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈpoʊl/

ΚΠ

1705 M. Henry Wks. (1835) I. 87 If the honour of temperance were to be carried by the major vote..the sober would be out-polled.

1881 A. Austin Savonarola ii. iii. 97 Hence, my friends! We are outpolled; but should it come to blows, Sinews will count, not numbers.

1993 Wall St. Jrnl. (European ed.) 19 Aug. 1/1 Following German reunification, Berlin narrowly outpolled Bonn in a Bundestag vote on where the German government should plant itself for good.

out-pomp v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈpɒmp/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈpɑmp/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-pomp.

out-price v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈprʌɪs/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈpraɪs/

ΚΠ

1612 J. Davies Muses Sacrifice f. 77 Their Vertues price, that doth out-price the Vice, though more it be.

1988 Artist July 48/4 Unrecognised in his own lifetime, his work now outprices all others.

out-privilege v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈprɪv(ᵻ)lɪdʒ/

/ˌaʊtˈprɪvl̩ɪdʒ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈprɪv(ə)lɪdʒ/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-privilege.

out-prodigy v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈprɒdᵻdʒi/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈprɑdədʒi/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-prodigy.

out-purple v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈpəːpl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈpərp(ə)l/

ΚΠ

1648 Psyche iii. li She blushed more than they, and of their own Shame made them all asham'd, to see how far It was outpurpled and outgrain'd by Her.

2002 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 27 Nov. f2/3 On the inside, Okinawa sweet potatoes can outpurple an eggplant.

out-purse v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈpəːs/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈpərs/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-purse.

out-rate v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈreɪt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈreɪt/

ΚΠ

c1766 W. Mason Argentile & Curan in Wks. (1811) II. ii. iv. 252 My Liege, ye do out-rate it.

2002 Independent (Nexis) 5 June 30 If the Russian team does not include Anatoly Karpov.., England could outrate them.

out-rhetoric v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈrɛtərɪk/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈrɛdərɪk/

ΚΠ

1616 Marine Rec. E. India Co. in Athenæum No. 3604. 711/3 But was presently outrhetorick'd by our new commander.

1922 Blackwood's Mag. Sept. 405/1 [He] was outrhetoricked by Pepwell, who held forth briefly.

out-romance v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtrə(ʊ)ˈmans/

/ˌaʊtˈrəʊmans/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˌroʊˈmæns/

/ˌaʊtˈroʊˌmæns/

ΚΠ

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. viii. 38 Their real sufferings out-Romanced the fictions of many Errant Adventures.

1993 N. Sibum In Laban's Field: Sel. Poems 55 ‘I've been out-romanced in life,’ thought I, Passing the ex-mayor's modest bunker.

out-savour v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈseɪvə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈseɪvər/

ΚΠ

1632 P. Massinger & N. Field Fatall Dowry ii. ii. 135 Yet this out-savours wine, and this Perfume.

1991 L. Murray Coll. Poems (rev. ed.) 125 The Day of our peace will need a native Herb that out-savours rosemary.

out-scent v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈsɛnt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈsɛnt/

Obsolete

ΚΠ

1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. i. 65 The stench of his hypocrisie out-sented all the smell of his burnt offerings.

1848 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. Jan. 36 Why does..the blooming bean and the new-mown hay outscent all the preparations of the apothecary?

out-sentence v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈsɛnt(ə)ns/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈsɛntns/

/ˌaʊtˈsɛn(t)əns/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-sentence.

out-skill v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈskɪl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈskɪl/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-skill.

1998 Independent on Sunday 1 Feb. (Real Life section) 3/3 People tend to surround themselves with people who don't outskill them when they outteam them.

out-sonnet v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈsɒnᵻt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈsɑnət/

Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1896 Punch 11 Jan. 15/2 I've out-sonnetted Willy Watson in my Tory-patriot way.

out-sound v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈsaʊnd/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈsaʊnd/

ΚΠ

a1667 A. Cowley Poet. Revenge in Wks. (1711) III. 46 Where every Tongue's the Clapper of a Mill, And can out-sound Homer's Gradivus.

1871 A. C. Swinburne Songs before Sunrise 118 His spirit outsounding the sea Asks no more witness or warning from temple or tripod or tree.

1987 Amer. Q. 39 456 Like Whitman, McDermott hears the singing outsound the lamentations and dire predictions.

† out-sphere v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1865 D. Masson Recent Brit. Philos. 292 Outsphering and transcending each other.

out-splendour v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈsplɛndə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈsplɛndər/

ΚΠ

1887 Sells Bros. Show-Bill Outsplendoring and totally obliterating all past records.

1984 Sat. Evening Post (Nexis) July 90 The Mississippi Queen, outsizing and outsplendoring such grand paddlewheelers of early days as the Robert E. Lee and the Joe Fowler.

out-stale v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈsteɪl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈsteɪl/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-stale.

† out-stall v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1838 S. Bellamy Betrayal 99 Once Authority's high self, above, Its place cathedral did e'en so outstall That not the floor of heaven wide, for Him, Enough was prostrate.

out-state v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈsteɪt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈsteɪt/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-state.

out-stature v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈstatʃə/

/ˌaʊtˈstatjə/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈstætʃər/

ΚΠ

1870 E. H. Pember Trag. of Lesbos iv. 73 How very far she doth outstature me.

1992 Seattle Times (Nexis) 2 Oct. b4 The Braves might have been outhit, outstatured and outplayed.

out-storm v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈstɔːm/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈstɔrm/

ΚΠ

1647 R. Stapleton tr. Juvenal Sixteen Satyrs 90 Out-storme a tempest.

1777 R. Colvill Atalanta 25 Triton huge, With sounding shell, who bids the ocean rest, Or blows the signal when conflicting deeps Outstorm the winds.

1993 Guardian (Nexis) 31 Aug. 11 As a young editor he outstormed the storm of ‘the Movement’, especially when this group began exhibiting streaks of cruelty to foreigners and Jews.

† out-sum v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc ii. 70 The prisoners of that shameful day out-summ'd Their victors!

1887 G. Martin Marguerite ii. 40 One honey-dew caress of thine, Out-sums a million rude alarms.

† out-superstition v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Lincs. 154 Women out-superstition Men.

out-syllable v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈsɪləbl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈsɪləb(ə)l/

ΚΠ

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Warwick 119 This Nation hankered after the Name of Plantagenet, which..did out-syllable Tuthar in the Mouths.

1898 Atlantic Monthly Jan. 137/2 The meaning in the dullest eye outsyllables how far the whole chorushood of stars!

1994 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 24 June (Sports section) 1 It is no longer Navratilova's world when she can be not only be outplayed but also outsyllabled.

† out-table v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1850 P. Crook War of Hats 13 And can I brook in prospect of a See, A foreign should out-table me.

out-talent v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈtalənt/

/ˌaʊtˈtaln̩t/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈtælənt/

ΚΠ

1748 S. Richardson Clarissa III. xvi. 100 Out-argued, out-talented.

1985 Representations No. 10. 19 The participants must out-display or out-talent one another.

out-taste v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈteɪst/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈteɪst/

ΚΠ

1760 O. Goldsmith in Brit. Mag. Oct. 578/1 Calvert's butt out-tastes champagne.

1992 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 9 Nov. (Business section) 4 NutraSweet Co. and Cumberland Packing..are hitting the market with new products in a duel to ‘outtaste’ each other.

† out-throat v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 25 They out-throate me, and put mee downe I cannot be heard.

† out-tint v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1797 M. Robinson Walsingham I. 286 The cheek of her ador'd, out-tints the rose.

1866 D. Wingate Annie Weir & Other Poems 107 Bairns in many-coloured duds, Out-tinting e'en the autumn woods.

† out-title v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1799 R. Southey in J. W. Robberds Mem. W. Taylor (1843) I. 266 I once computed the titles of both these personages, & the King out-titled the devil.

† out-tone v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1878 H. Phillips Poems from Spanish & German 67 Hark! Outtone sweet seraph's lays In the song the earth born raise, And the ear is filled with dread.

† out-tongue v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) i. ii. 21 My seruices which I haue done the Seigniorie, Shall out tongue his complaints.

1836 D. P. Brown Prophet of St Paul's iii. iii. 30 The ladies' tongues out-tongued the tongue of time.

out-trap v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈtrap/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈtræp/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-trap.

out-tun v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈtʌn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈtən/

ΚΠ

1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-tun.

† out-tune v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas III. viii. xi. 350 The nymph..was supplicated to outtune the jingle of the spheres.

† out-venom v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. iv. 35 Whose tongue Out-venomes all the Wormes of Nyle.

a1895 J. B. L. Warren Orpheus in Hades in Coll. Poems (1903) 368 What scourge from heaven, what scorpion whip of hell Out-venoms my bereavement?

out-vigil v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈvɪdʒ(ᵻ)l/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈvɪdʒᵻl/

ΚΠ

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Kent 67 The tender care of King Charles did out-vigil their watchfullness.

1844 Southern Literary Messenger 10 508/1 And there outvigilled all the stars of night, Till Helius illumed the watery deep.

1996 D. Brand In Another Place, not Here (1997) 110 You cannot last, you cannot out-vigil this jumbie, honey.

† out-wealth v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1659 J. Gauden Ἱερα Δακρυα ii. xxxi. 253 When they did so much out-wit and out-wealth us!

out-weapon v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈwɛp(ə)n/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈwɛpən/

ΚΠ

1886 F. H. Doyle Reminisc. 288 The highwaymen outnumbered and out-weaponed the self-defenders.

1997 Providence (Rhode Island) Jrnl.-Bull. (Nexis) 25 May 1 a We are outnumbered, we are outweaponed.

† out-woe v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge ii. iii. sig. E Let none out-woe me: mine's Herculean woe.

out-word v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈwəːd/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈwərd/

ΚΠ

?a1640 J. Day & H. Chettle Blind-beggar (1659) v. sig. K l. 186 'Tis my disgrace to be out-worded by a Beggar?

1896 Catholic World Nov. 167 When her charming sisters asseverate their love for Lear with swelling hyperboles, she is too sincere in hers to attempt outwording them.

1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 13 July 15/1 Up go the pundits explicating bandits. Clearly outworded, down go the murdered.

† out-worth v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII i. i. 123 A Beggers booke, Out-worths a Nobles blood.

1877 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 10) xii. 170 Some gift Of art, which shall outworth a nation's debt.

(ii)

out-age v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈeɪdʒ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈeɪdʒ/

(transitive) to exceed in age.

ΚΠ

1803 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) I. 140 I mean mine [sc. pyramids] to outlive and out-age the Egyptian ones!

1996 Times (Nexis) 9 Jan. I do not drive a two-seater now. I wish I could boast that I have outgrown them, but that would not be the truth. The truth is that I have outaged them.

† out-bowl v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to exceed in the amount one can drink.

ΚΠ

1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir ii. sig. D When I was a Pagan..I durst out-drinke a Lord, but your Christian Lords out-boule me.

out-bubble v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈbʌbl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈbəb(ə)l/

(transitive) (a) (of a financial speculation) to exceed in worthlessness or fraudulence; (b) (of wine) to exceed in sparkle.

ΚΠ

1897 Westm. Gaz. 17 June 9/1 In many instances those schemes [sc. the financial speculations of the 18th century] are being out-bubbled in the present day.

1975 Economist 4 Jan. 76 Champagne..is on the slide and is being outbubbled by other cheaper sparkling wines; its price could easily fall by 15 to 30% over the next year.

† out-tap v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to exceed in the amount one can drink.

ΚΠ

1806 Sporting Mag. 27 186 To out-tap his competitor, and drink his neighbours into an opinion of his sobriety.

(b) Formed on nouns referring to people or agents: to excel, surpass, or outdo in performing the role of or functions connected with the person or agent specified. See also outfool v., outgeneral v., out-knave v.

out-admiral v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈadm(ə)rəl/

/ˌaʊtˈadm(ə)rl̩/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈædm(ə)rəl/

ΚΠ

1889 H. D. Traill Strafford ii. 18 He returned, outgeneralled and outadmiralled.

1991 Regardie's Mag. (Nexis) Apr. 97 CBS may not have won the ratings battle against CNN, NBC, and ABC, but it certainly outgeneraled and outadmiraled its rivals.

out-captain v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkapt(ᵻ)n/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkæpt(ə)n/

ΚΠ

1900 W. E. Henley For England's Sake 18 They have seen themselves out-marched, out-fought, out-captained early and late.

1993 Guardian (Nexis) 22 June 14 England have been outbatted and outbowled, not to mention outfielded and outcaptained.

out-devil v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈdɛvl/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈdɛv(ə)l/

ΚΠ

a1644 F. Quarles Virgin Widow (1649) i. i. 9 Her impetuous rage Out-devils the whole Academe of Hell.

1883 Contemp. Rev. Sept. 371 A determination not to let myself be out-stared or out~devilled by him.

1980 F. Buechner Godric 11 She could outrun, outjig, outdevil the lads.

† out-epicure v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1635 E. Rainbow Labour 25 You shall observe them to out-Epicure the foole in the Gospell.

† out-friend v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1615 T. Tomkis Albumazar ii. vii. sig. E2^v She cannot out-loue me, nor you out-friend me.

1773 D. Garrick Albumazar ii. i. 27 She cannot out-love me, nor you out-friend me.]

† out-king v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1850 F. S. L. Osgood Poems 310 Then knelt the Earl, but on his knee Outking'd the king before him; And less a subject seem'd than he.

1871 R. Browning Prince Hohenstiel-Schwangau in Wks. (1896) II. 316/2 [You] outking all the Kingly imbeciles.

out-lord v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈlɔːd/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈlɔrd/

ΚΠ

1749 A. Hill tr. Voltaire Meropé i. iii. 17 Courage, self-sustain'd, Out-lords Succession's Phlegm—and needs no Ancestors.

1850 H. Melville White-jacket liv. 266 Give the commoners a holiday, and they out-lord the Commodore himself.

1985 Record (Nexis) 1 July b7 Their Wolsey is Paul Meacham, who outlords his lord as the common-born prince of the church who can be icily ferocious to his enemies.

† out-paragon v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1822 S. B. H. Judah Odofriede i. i. 14 New formed in some airy mould of angel richness, Whose etherial beauty shall outparagon The fairest sight the earth hath ever gazed on.

1889 Academy 8 June 392/3 A hero who outparagons the Admirable Crichton.

out-paramour v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈparəmʊə/

/ˌaʊtˈparəmɔː/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈpɛrəˌmʊ(ə)r/

/ˌaʊtˈpɛrəˌmɔr/

ΚΠ

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xi. 82 Wine loued I deeply, dice deerely, and in woman out paromord [1623 out-Paramour'd] the Turke.

1757 J. Maclaurin Philosopher's Opera i. 10 The wanton gypsy, not half done, Out-paramours her lover.

1994 P. Muldoon Yarrow in Ann. of Chile 148 And I..outparamoured the Turk In the next room.

out-queen v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈkwiːn/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈkwin/

ΚΠ

1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 160 We still, one hour, our royalty retain, To out-queen all in kindness and in care.

1998 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 28 Mar. a3 Media types were drawn to British actor-turned-Labour MP Glenda Jackson, who outqueened several real ones on TV.

† out-rebel v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1647 Earl of Clarendon Contempl. Psalms in Tracts (1727) 452 We may be weary of rebellion, because other men have out-rebelled us.

out-rogue v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈrəʊɡ/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈroʊɡ/

ΚΠ

1864 Sat. Rev. 13 Aug. 220/2 Who alone in Europe have the subtlety and craft to outrogue and outwit them.

1999 Atlanta Jrnl.-Constitution (Nexis) 27 Jan. 2 f Montreal knew that both Games would not come to the same country the same year. Montreal out-rogued Vancouver, won the bid.

† out-tailor v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1827 Westm. Rev. 7 278 Unless, indeed, some king Brummel..should out-tailor him in power.

† out-victor v. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1894 Westm. Gaz. 6 Dec. 3/1 He is a victor who out-victors war And plants his banner on the heights of Peace!

out-woman v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈwʊmən/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈwʊmən/

ΚΠ

1838 J. H. Ingraham Burton I. i. v. 81 ‘Hush, boy! your tongue would outwoman them all!’ said the monk.

1990 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Nov. 76/1 It's when she meets June that she knows she's outwomanned.

† out-zany v. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1616 B. Jonson Epigrammes cxxix, in Wks. I. 812 Thou dost out-zany Cokely, Pod; nay, Gue: And thine owne Coriat too.

(c) In phrases where the compound verb in out- is cognate with its object: to outdo a person or thing in the sphere of action in which they have particular expertise or aptitude, or for which they are renowned; to reach a level of accomplishment in a particular quality or property superior to that normally associated with it.The earliest examples, formed from nouns and verbs, are from Shakespeare. The construction is rare in the 17th and 18th cents, but becomes common from the 19th cent., when phrases formed on adjectives also appear.

(i) Formed on verbs, as to out-equivocate equivocation, to outfish fish.

ΚΠ

1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II v. iii. 107 Our prayers do outpray his.

1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxiv. 6 My selfe could else outfrowne false Fortunes frowne.

a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Kent 76 He out-equivocated their equivocation.

1745 E. Young Consolation 114 Till Then, be This, an Emblem of my Grave: Let it out-preach the Preacher.

1783 Morning Herald 15 Dec. 2/3 The sagacious King of Spain..will out-balloon all former ballooners.

1846 C. G. Prowett tr. Æschylus Prometheus Bound 41 A clang out-thundering the thunder-peal.

1960 T. Hughes Lupercal 46 Four-legged yet water-gifted, to outfish fish.

1990 D. Duane Doctor's Orders v. 157 Out-aggress the aggressor, and he falls over and shows you his throat.

(ii) Formed on proper names: to outdo a person, nation, or sect in respect of the attribute for which they are renowned, as to out-Nero Nero, to out-Auden Auden. Cf. out-Herod v. See also out-babble v. N.E.D. (1903) remarks: ‘The vast development of this, as of so many other Shakesperian usages, belongs to the 19th cent., in which such expressions have been used almost without limit.’

ΚΠ

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. ii. 14 I would haue such a Fellow whipt for o're-dooing Termagant, it out Herod's Herod [1603 It out, Herodes Herod], pray you auoyde it.

1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. viii. 21 Herein, Morgan, Out-Bonnered even Bonner himself.

1737 Common Sense I. 309 Even to out-bentley Bentley.

1800 J. Wolcot P.S. in Wks. (1812) IV. 338 In his accoutrements out-Alexandering Alexander.

1870 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. (1873) 1st Ser. 3 He..out-Miltons Milton in artifice of style.

1886 Referee 21 Feb. 7/4 If the Provost-Marshall has..out-Neroed Nero.

1941 P. Larkin Let. 31 Dec. in Sel. Lett. (1992) 29 None of it will be of any value anyway, so it's no use short circuiting myself in an effort to out-Auden Auden or out-Lawrence Lawrence.

1995 Daily Tel. 12 Oct. 6/1 She managed to out-Thatch one of the greatest Thatcherites of them all, the Social Security Secretary, Peter Lilley.

(iii) Formed on common nouns, as to out-villain villainy, to out-infidel the infidel.

ΚΠ

1612 J. Davies Muses Sacrifice f. 113^v So hath a Painter licence too, to paint A Saint-like face, till it the Saint out saint.

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iv. iii. 276 He hath out-villain'd villanie so farre, that the raritie redeemes him.

1781 S. Peters Gen. Hist. Connecticut 71 My answer is, that those Puritans were weak men in Old England, and strong in New England, where they out-pop'd the Pope, out-king'd the King, and out-bishop'd the Bishops.

1817 S. Beazley My Uncle 24 Permit me to express my joy, my gratitude, my pleasure, at the first sight of an Uncle, who has out-Uncled all other Uncles, in his goodness to his nephews.

1828 Examiner 790/2 Here was balderdash out~balderdashed.

1876 L. Stephen Hist. Eng. Thought 18th Cent. I. 114 An attempt to out-infidel the infidel.

a1918 W. Owen Coll. Poems (1963) 53 The few who rushed in the body to enter hell, And there out-fiending all its fiends and flames With superhuman inhumanities.

1993 Coloradoan (Fort Collins) 24 Jan. e 1/1 The danger is that President Clinton will overcompensate for his perceived shortcomings—he will out-hawk the hawks and schmooze the brokers.

(iv) Formed on adjectives, as to out-old the old, to out-modern the moderns, to out-royal royalty.

ΚΠ

1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket Prol. 20 A beggar on horseback, with the retinue of three kings behind him, outroyalling royalty.

1886 Homilet. Rev. (U.S.) Jan. 13 They propose to out-old the old, by going back to the early Greek theology.

1935 Amer. Speech 10 192/2 She out-moderns the moderns in a frock that is made for cocktailing.

5. Forming compound verbs in out- in other ways.

†a. Negating the sense of the simple verb: into the open or into view, reversing a previous act of concealment (= un-); into extinction, reversing earlier growth. Obsolete.

† outhele v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to uncover.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or thrust with sword > strike with sword [verb (transitive)] > draw (sword)

abraidOE

braidOE

adrawlOE

drawlOE

ydrawlOE

out-braidc1330

outsheatha1400

undrawc1400

outhelea1500

unsheathea1542

nake1607

unscabbard1611

dissheathe1614

dismounta1616

a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) xxxiv. 3 Outhell þe swerd, and louk agayns thaim that folus me.

† outsheath v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to unsheath.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or thrust with sword > strike with sword [verb (transitive)] > draw (sword)

abraidOE

braidOE

adrawlOE

drawlOE

ydrawlOE

out-braidc1330

outsheatha1400

undrawc1400

outhelea1500

unsheathea1542

nake1607

unscabbard1611

dissheathe1614

dismounta1616

a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) xxxvi. 14 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 168 Swerde outscheþed sinne doande.

† outthrive v. Obsolete rare (intransitive) to cease to thrive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > adversity > be in adversity [verb (intransitive)] > fail to prosper or thrive > cease to thrive

outthrivec1475

c1475 Advice to Lovers in J. O. Halliwell Select. Minor Poems J. Lydgate (1840) 28 And than [he] outhryvethe Fro worldly joye.

†b. With out- in place of Latin ex-, e-, in translations from Latin, as outcorporate, outsturb, outvirtuate. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > upset or perturb [verb (transitive)]

to-wendc893

mingeOE

dreveOE

angerc1175

sturb?c1225

worec1225

troublec1230

sturble1303

disturbc1305

movea1325

disturblec1330

drubblea1340

drovec1350

distroublec1369

tempestc1374

outsturba1382

unresta1382

stroublec1384

unquietc1384

conturb1393

mismaya1400

unquemea1400

uneasec1400

discomfita1425

smite?a1425

perturbc1425

pertrouble?1435

inquiet1486

toss1526

alter1529

disquiet1530

turmoil1530

perturbate1533

broil1548

mis-set?1553

shake1567

parbruilyiec1586

agitate1587

roil1590

transpose1594

discompose1603

harrow1609

hurry1611

obturb1623

shog1636

untune1638

alarm1649

disorder1655

begruntlea1670

pother1692

disconcert1695

ruffle1701

tempestuate1702

rough1777

caddle1781

to put out1796

upset1805

discomfort1806

start1821

faze1830

bother1832

to put aback1833

to put about1843

raft1844

queer1845

rattle1865

to turn over1865

untranquillize1874

hack1881

rock1881

to shake up1884

to put off1909

to go (also pass) through a phase1913

to weird out1970

the world > existence and causation > existence > materiality > immateriality > immaterial [verb (transitive)] > render immaterial > spiritualize > disembody

outcorporatea1382

uncorsec1470

unbody1548

disbody1647

disembody1715

unhool1722

disflesh1865

disincarnate1880

a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) Josh. vii. 25 For þou hast disturbid vs, outsturbe [a1425 Corpus Oxf. out stourbe; a1425 L.V. disturble; L. exturbet] þe þe lord.

1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus Pref. Arnold calleth Exvirtuare to outverteuat, Excorporare to outcorporate.

c. Forming verbs (chiefly ad hoc formations) from nouns with various senses: to put out of (a mental state); to force out; to drive out by means of; to deprive of.

† outfinger v. Obsolete (transitive) to open the fingers of (a hand).Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > posture > position of specific body parts > position specific body part [verb (transitive)] > arms or hands > specific hand

clutch1609

span1676

unweave1863

outfinger1880

strain1888

tent1966

steeple1968

1880 G. Meredith Tragic Comedians II. iii. 34 The pen fell from her hand outfingered in loathing.

† outfolio v. Obsolete (transitive) to drive out with folios.Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1847 Duke of Wellington in R. C. Winthrop Reminisc. Foreign Trav. (1894) 16 These huge Parliamentary Reports..will soon outfolio us out of our houses and homes.

† outgauge v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to throw out of gauge or proportion.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > misshapenness > put out of shape [verb (transitive)] > make asymmetrical or out of proportion

disproportiona1616

outgauge1891

1891 Pall Mall Gaz. 7 Dec. 3/1 Mr. Kipling out-gauged whatever he touched.

† out-grandfather v. Obsolete (transitive) to do out of a grandfather.Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > grandparent > be a grandparent [verb (transitive)] > deprive of a grandfather

out-grandfather1747

1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. xiii. 78 This little Syren is in a fair way to out-uncle, as well as out-grandfather us both!

out-heart v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈhɑːt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈhɑrt/

(transitive) to put out of heart, dishearten.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > make dejected [verb (transitive)]

drearya1300

discomfortc1325

batec1380

to cast downa1382

to throw downa1382

dullc1386

faintc1386

discomfita1425

discourage1436

sinkc1440

mischeera1450

discheerc1454

amatea1500

bedowa1522

damp1548

quail1548

dash1550

exanimate1552

afflict1561

dank1565

disanimate1565

sadden1565

languish1566

deject1581

dumpc1585

unheart1593

mope1596

chill1597

sour1600

disgallant1601

disheart1603

dishearten1606

fainten1620

depress1624

sullen1628

tristitiate1628

disliven1631

dampen1633

weigh1640

out-spirit1643

dispirit1647

flat1649

funeralize1654

hearta1658

disencourage1659

attrist1680

flatten1683

dismalizec1735

blue-devil1812

out-heart1845

downweigh1851

to get down1861

frigidize1868

languor1891

downcast1914

neg1987

1845 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 235 Mastering all, Save one thing—love, and that out-hearted him.

1996 Daily News (N.Y.) (Nexis) 28 Jan. 19 Outnumbered, outclassed. But never outhearted.

† out-nose v. Obsolete (transitive) to put out the nose of.Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > shame [verb (transitive)] > abash

abashc1384

rebash?1473

to put out of countenancec1500

to dash (a person) out of countenance (conceit, courage)1530

deface1537

dash1570

discountenance1584

disgrace1607

debash1610

out-nose1624

to put out of face1821

1624 F. Quarles Job Militant in Divine Poems (1717) 155 That done, h' enjoys the crown of all his labour, Could he but once out-nose his right-hand neighbour.

† out-patience v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to put out of patience.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > irritate [verb (transitive)] > put out of patience

move1597

out-patience1892

1892 Harper's Mag. Feb. 394/2 Thou dost outpatience me!

† outpeople v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to empty (a country) of people, to carry the people out of.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > empty (a country) of people

outpeoplea1557

a1557 J. Cheke tr. Gospel St. Matthew (1843) i. 11 Josias begot Jechoni and his brethern in y^e outpeopling of y^e contree to Babylon.

out-spirit v.

Brit.

/ˌaʊtˈspɪrɪt/

U.S.

/ˌaʊtˈspɪrᵻt/

(transitive) to put out of spirits, to dispirit.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > make dejected [verb (transitive)]

drearya1300

discomfortc1325

batec1380

to cast downa1382

to throw downa1382

dullc1386

faintc1386

discomfita1425

discourage1436

sinkc1440

mischeera1450

discheerc1454

amatea1500

bedowa1522

damp1548

quail1548

dash1550

exanimate1552

afflict1561

dank1565

disanimate1565

sadden1565

languish1566

deject1581

dumpc1585

unheart1593

mope1596

chill1597

sour1600

disgallant1601

disheart1603

dishearten1606

fainten1620

depress1624

sullen1628

tristitiate1628

disliven1631

dampen1633

weigh1640

out-spirit1643

dispirit1647

flat1649

funeralize1654

hearta1658

disencourage1659

attrist1680

flatten1683

dismalizec1735

blue-devil1812

out-heart1845

downweigh1851

to get down1861

frigidize1868

languor1891

downcast1914

neg1987

1643 P. Nye Serm. in J. Kerr Covenants & Covenanters (1895) 148 You will be outspirited and both you and Your cause slighted.

1997 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 20 Feb. d1 The Mexicans were outmatched but not outspirited.

† out-uncle v. Obsolete (transitive) to do out of an uncle.Apparently an isolated use.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > uncle > [verb (transitive)] > deprive of an uncle

out-uncle1747

1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. xiii. 78 This little Syren is in a fair way to out-uncle, as well as out-grandfather us both!

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	out-
释义	out-prefix In verb and adjective formations, primary stress is typically retained by the element that follows the prefix. In noun formations, primary stress is usually attracted to the prefix itself. Forms: see out adv., int., and prep. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: out adv. Etymology: < out adv.In Old English out adv. was already prefixed (1) to ordinary nouns in the sense ‘that is without’, ‘out-lying’, ‘external’, as in outland n., ūthere an army belonging to or coming from without, a foreign army; (2) to verbal nouns and nouns of action and agent nouns derived from verbal roots, as ūtfær , ūtfaru , ūtfæreld , ūtgang , going out, exit, departure, ūtdrǣf , expulsion, ūtdrǣfere one who drives out, ūtlād carriage out, exportation, ūtryne running out, excursion, expiry; (3) to elements forming adjectives, either related to the nouns in (1), as ūtlende , ūtlendisc , outlandish, foreign, or derived from verbs (participial adjectives), ūtiernende out-running, purgative. In these ‘nominal compounds’ the stress was always on the prefix. (Note that the prefix is not consistently joined to the noun in the manuscripts.) For cognates or parallels in other Germanic languages see e.g. outland n., outgang n., outrune n. With verbs, ūt like other adverbs formed separable collocations or semi-compounds. (For cognates or parallels in other Germanic languages see e.g. outbring v., outgo v., outsend v., outshoot v.) In these the position of the adverb was shifted according to the construction of the sentence, as in the separable compound verbs of modern German (although in Old English the order was not so rigid). Thus, ūt followed the verb in the imperative, as gā ūt! adō ūt þone bēam , and in the present and past indicative in the principal sentence, as he cymþ ūt , he eode ūt , þa flugon hī ūt . But in the subordinate clause, and in all other moods or parts of the verb, including the infinitive and participles, and all nominal derivatives, the adverb stood immediately in front of the verb; thus þā he ūt cymþ when he comes out, gif he ūt cyme if he come out, nū wille we ūt gān now will we go out, ūt gangendum þam mōnþe on the month going out. In Old English the adverb was regularly written separately; but in translations from Latin, compound verbs in ex- were sometimes rendered by compound verbs in ūt- in which the adverb was retained before the verb in the principal sentence; compare:eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) xviii. 4 (5) In omnem terram exiuit sonus eorum : in alle eorðan uteode [MS. ut eode] swoeg heara. The regular position of ūt before the verb in the infinitive, gerund, and participles naturally tended to make the collocation pass into a compound, especially when these were used as nouns or adjectives; and this is why outgoing , outgoer , outgone belong in meaning to go out , outstretching , outstretched to stretch out , outgrowing , outgrowth to grow out , outlook , outlooker to look out . It is only in later English that such collocations as a going-out dress, a clearing-out of cupboards, the bringers-out of a new play, or a well thought-out article have become possible. As to the verbs themselves, in Middle English, usage became more elastic. On the one hand, the adverb began to be placed after or away from the verb in the subordinate sentence, the infinitive, etc.; on the other hand the older usage of the infinitive in ūt gān , and the like, was often extended to the indicative, so that we find he out yede , the blod out brast . This was partly due to a general levelling and loss of old syntactic distinctions, so that beside he sprang out and then sprang he out , it became allowable also to say he out sprang and out sprang he , in both of which the adverb stands before the verb. These novelties in word order were especially employed by metrical writers as facilitating the exigencies of rhythm and rhyme, and it is chiefly in metrical compositions that they are found. In Middle English the elements were still commonly separated in writing; but modern editors have usually hyphenated or joined these collocations as compounds. Compounds also occur in translations from Latin, above all in the works of Wyclif, in which Latin verbs and nouns in ex- are constantly rendered by English verbs preceded by out . Middle Eng. Dict. lists about 35 such calques. N.E.D. suggested s.v. under- prefix¹ that these contributed to the establishment of the practice of forming such calques in English. Against this estimation of their importance it must be noted that very few of the calques in out- seem to have acquired any currency. Compare Old Icelandic út-setning , which may be a calque on post-classical Latin excommunicatio excommunication n. As a result of these various causes, there are numerous quasi-compound verbs in out- in occasional use, chiefly poetical, in precisely the same sense as the ordinary prose form in which the simple verb is followed by the adverb, e.g. out-pour = pour out . Not infrequently, moreover, where out stands before a verb as a mere metrical or poetical inversion, as in ‘A frightful clamour from the wall out broke’, ‘Out went the townsmen all in starch’, the two words, though merely inversions of broke out , went out , are hyphenated as if compounds. The tendency so to treat them is probably strengthened by the existence of outbreak (noun), outbreaker , outbreaking , outbroken , outcome , outcoming , and the like. But in these latter the position of the adverb is original, and the stress is on out , while in out broke , out went , the stress is on the verb. On these accounts it is difficult to deal satisfactorily with the hyphenated quasi-compounds in out- . Such as seem of importance, or occur as senses of out- verbs having other senses, are given among the main words (where it is often indicated that they are not true compounds, or are only poetical); others are given in this article, but no attempt has been made to exhaust them. The same is true of verbal nouns, and participial adjectives in -ing , participial adjectives in -ed , -en , etc., and agent nouns in -er , which are permanent possibilities from any verb that can be followed by out , as in outgoing , outgone , outgoer , from go out . In many cases it is difficult to say whether an out- verb recorded chiefly in non-finite forms is truly a compound or simply a syntactically inverted form of a phrasal verb containing out , and likewise whether a noun or adjective with out- should be derived from an out- verb or from a phrasal verb with out : in many main entries both possibilities are allowed for. True compound verbs in out- are those in which the sense of surpassing, exceeding, or beating in some action is conveyed, as in outdo , outlive , outbid , outnumber , outface , and the various extensions of these contained in branch 4. These are of later origin: a very few (e.g. outlive, outpass, outrun) appear during the 15th cent.; they increase gradually during the 16th cent. (outproffer = outbid, and outcry, out-eat, outgo, outrhyme, outride, outrow in Palsgrave), and become numerous only c1600, being freely and boldly employed by Shakespeare, who is our earliest authority for many of them, including the curious group typified by ‘to outfrown frowns’, ‘to out-Herod Herod’. It is not clear how this usage arose, or to what sense of out it is to be referred. But the earlier of these out-compounds were in nearly every instance preceded by a form with over-. Thus outlive (late 15th cent.) was preceded in same sense by overlive (in Old English; compare French survivre); outpass (early 15th cent.) was preceded by overpass (14th cent.); compare French surpasser); outweigh (16th cent.) was preceded by overweigh (13th cent.). It would seem therefore that out- has here the sense of ‘beyond’. It is possible however that in outlive there entered in some association with out adv. 9b, 21, as if it were ‘to live to see another out or at an end’. One who outbids another, bids beyond his rival until he drives him out of the contest. Compare also the relation of the two notions in ‘the ship outrode the storm’, and ‘the horseman outrode his pursuers’, or ‘he outrode all competitors in the race’. In accordance with the general stress patterns of English, primary stress typically occurs on the second or subsequent syllable in verbs formed on out-, whilst in noun formations the stress is usually word-initial. In the case of adjectival compounds, stress falls on either the first or second syllable, depending on the total number of syllables, and on whether the formation occurs in predicative or attributive use. Contrastive use may, in all cases, give rise contextually to primary stress on the first syllable in compounds where the stress ordinarily falls elsewhere. 1. Forming nouns. a. Prefixed to ordinary nouns.Of these a few existed already in Old English, e.g. outland n., ūtgārsecg the outer ocean (see ocean n.), ūtgemǣre extreme boundary, ūthealf external side, outside, ūtweald outlying wood; ūthere foreign army, ūtwīcing foreign pirate or viking. The number of these has in later times been greatly increased. Those of longer standing are written as single words; in the more recent, the two elements are usually hyphenated, but they are also sometimes written separately, in which case out functions as an adjective = ‘external, exterior, outlying, outer’: see out adj. As the meaning is the same either way, the separation or hyphenating of the two elements is in many cases optional. (Cf. back- comb. form.) (a) With the sense ‘outlying, situated outside the bounds (esp. of a town or city), remote from the centre’; (also) ‘outside a central building, out of doors’. See also outchamber n., outfield n., outhouse n., outland n., outport n.¹, outwork n. (i) † out-appurtenance n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 138 In Spaine and those out-appurtenances. † out-borough n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > town by situation thoroughfare1424 thoroughfare town1515 outtown?1517 sea-town1578 frontier1604 by-town1683 out-borough1832 out-township1837 1832 Act 2 & 3 William IV c. 64 Sched. O. 16 The boundary of the out-borough of Hertford. † out-bridge n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1670 A. Marvell Let. 14 June in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 108 There is..discourse..concerning the out bridges as Mighton bridge [etc.]. † out-butchery n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ c1460 in C. Coates Hist. & Antiq. Reading (1802) 35 Certen Stalls and Shoppes, called the Out-bochery, otherwise called the Flesh-shambles, in Reding. † out-chapel n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1599 E. Sandys Europæ Speculum (1632) 123 Other..are said to have..obteined some out-Chappel to have their Masse in. 1894 Atlantic Monthly May 638/1 We followed him through the village and up the steep rocks to the south, where stands a little out-chapel. out-city n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌsɪti/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌsɪdi/ ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > city > [noun] > other types of city kine-burghc1225 City of Goda1382 city of refuge (alsorefute)a1425 mother city?a1425 imperial city1550 city dwelling1613 second city1621 out-city1642 garden town1835 hoard-burg1895 garden city1898 cathedral city1902 parasitopolis1927 twin city1973 arcology1985 sustainable city1986 1642 D. Rogers Naaman 842 The out-cities of Egypt. 1990 Nation (Nexis) 17 Sept. 280 Its car-based ‘edge cities,’—or, more recently and accurately, ‘outcities,’ in the words of Architecture magazine—denied any semblance of urbanity or community in their form, if not their nomenclature. out-country n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌkʌntri/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌkəntri/ ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > a land or country > part of country or district > [noun] > remote or outlying area nookc1480 out-country1639 outland1645 remoteness1694 backwoods1709 back county1775 remote1838 Mountains of the Moon1852 nowhere1871 the sticks1899 way back1901 downstate1905 back o' Bourke1918 far-back1926 woop woop1926 boohai?1946 bundu1946 Dogpatch1946 outback1954 toolies1961 upstate1965 Watford1973 1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre i. xviii. 28 They had pasturage to feed their cattel in, in out-countreys beyond Palestine. 1960 Canad. Jrnl. Econ. & Polit. Sci. 26 535 If the feudal game fell flat in the out-country, in the budding cities of Quebec and Montreal it could be, and was, played with more vraisemblance. out-district n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌdɪstrɪkt/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌdɪstrɪk(t)/ ΚΠ 1835 Ross's Hobart Town Almanack & Van Diemen's Land Ann. 191 The carelessness of persons engaged in the out-districts, the remote stockkeepers. 1917 R. Kipling Diversity of Creatures 4 DeForest, whose business it is to know the out districts, told us that it..was about half an hour's run from end to end. 1986 Mod. Asian Stud. 20 357 After discussing..the disaffection prevailing in the outdistricts,..he suggested that it would be unjust for the country to be incorporated within Sarawak. † out-garth n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-garth. out-hut n. Brit. /ˈaʊthʌt/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌhət/ ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > outhouse(s) > [noun] little houseOE outhouse1301 housingc1384 house of officec1405 officesa1422 easement?a1425 shed1457 outhousing1583 outbuilding1600 outroom1602 outoffice1630 office-house1632 out-hut1856 shedding1883 nushnik1945 1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xi. 122 Some little out-huts, or, as I at first thought them, dog-kennels. 1874 in R. P. Falla Knocking About (1976) 6 Some of the out huts belonging to this station are from forty to sixty miles away from the home-station. 1933 E. Jones Autobiogr. Early Settler 60 Nowadays, I believe most of the runs have out-huts built to save the trouble of shifting the tents etc. out-kitchen n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌkɪtʃ(ᵻ)n/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌkɪtʃən/ ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > cooking establishment or kitchen > [noun] kitcheneOE kitchie1538 cookhouse1563 cookery1572 out-kitchen1590 cook-room1602 cook-room1606 cookshop1857 kitchenette1870 1590 in F. G. Emmison Essex Wills (1998) (modernized text) XI. 83 To my wife, Thomas and William the lease of my ‘owt houses’, barns, outkitchen and sheds. 1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 83 An Out-Kitchen of a Gentleman's-House. 1849 C. Brontë Shirley II. ii. 46 The back part of the house is extremely ancient, and it is said that the out-kitchens there were once enclosed in the churchyard. 1996 Washington Post (Nexis) 1 Nov. n56 When we reached the outkitchen, we were greeted by a young woman in costume carding wool. † out-labour n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-labour. † out-oven n. U.S. Obsolete ΚΠ 1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. II. 1583/1 The out-oven, as it is called, was commoner aforetime than now... It..has a domed chamber, is built of brick, and is heated by means of light wood or sticks burned inside. a1918 J. C. Hartzell Ohio Volunteer (2005) viii. 73 A fellow who never saw anything but this slick, shiny, baker's bread would almost certainly faint away could he behold and taste one of these loaves from your Grandmother's old out-oven. 1925 T. L. Wall Clearfield County, Penn. 49 Most of the baking was done in an out oven made of clay and later of brick. † out-rick n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1776 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (ed. 4, octavo) I. i. 78 In Dauphinè..they [sc. bears] make great havoke among the out-ricks of the poor farmers. out-school n. Brit. /ˈaʊtskuːl/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌskul/ ΚΠ 1927 Scots Observer 8 Oct. 11/4 Back this summer from six months in the district in charge of out-schools. 1957 V. W. Turner Schism & Continuity in Afr. Society v. 154 Chikimbu was the problem child of the local Mission out-school. 1998 Internat. Jrnl. Afr. Hist. Stud. 31 284 With Jeanes teachers working to upgrade the outschools, the mission might..be able to expand further with less investment. outshed n. Brit. /ˈaʊtʃɛd/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌʃɛd/ ΚΠ 1799 European Mag. Dec. 385 In a contiguous outshed stood a trunk, containing the poor man's wardrobe. 1804 Sydney Gaz. 7 Oct. 2 Such out-sheds as were contiguous were also burnt. 1895 J. Roberts Diary 6 This led into someone's outshed. 1986 B. Okri Incidents at Shrine (1987) 33 He had to sit in a hut outshed and wait for his contact man. 2017 S. McMurry Pennsylvania Farming vii. 106 This elegant brick structure had a two-story bankside outshed that housed a windmill. outtown n. Brit. /ˈaʊttaʊn/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌtaʊn/ ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > town by situation thoroughfare1424 thoroughfare town1515 outtown?1517 sea-town1578 frontier1604 by-town1683 out-borough1832 out-township1837 ?1517–18 Bardwell Town Wardens Accts. in Proc. Suffolk Inst. Archaeol. & Nat. Hist. (1901) 11 118 Memorandum, that Thomas Cage hathe received for the taxke of lordchepys and of owtonys ffyrste, received of Mr. Bronde [etc.]. 1690 C. D. New England's Faction in Andros Tracts (1869) II. 216 No suitable Provision was made for our out-Towns and Frontiers. 1975 A. J. Robinson Econ. & New Towns iii. 90 The population of the new town would be 100,000 with 75,000 in the outtown component and 25,000 in the intown component. 1987 in Amer. Q. (1994) 46 5 Declaring that ‘the major urban form of our age’ is ‘the outtown’, he described it as an automobile-oriented, ‘new-style commercial center’. 2018 Z. L. Clark & N. Eliopulos Twilight of Elves iii. 48 The recent snow had left outtown veiled in white. out-township n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌtaʊnʃɪp/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌtaʊnʃɪp/ ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > town by situation thoroughfare1424 thoroughfare town1515 outtown?1517 sea-town1578 frontier1604 by-town1683 out-borough1832 out-township1837 1837 R. Cobden Let. 15 Dec. (2007) I. 119 Our chief difficulty appears to be likely to arise from the unwillingness of the out townships, such as Chorlton-upon-Medlock &c, to be united with the township of Manchester. 1884 Manch. Examiner 22 Feb. 5/2 Three of the out-townships had resolved..to become corporate members of the municipality. 1974 Times Lit. Suppl. 27 Sept. 1039/3 The difference..in life-style between employing families of similar income levels in the town centre, the out-townships and the country..appears to show that the out-townships..were..the centres in which conspicuous consumption by the employers developed last. 1994 M. Yasumoto Industrialisation, Urbanisation & Demogr. Change Eng. ii. 100 The in-town, the industrial out-township (Bramley), and the agricultural out-township (Chapel Allerton) all had their own death distribution. out-village n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌvɪlɪdʒ/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌvɪlɪdʒ/ now rare ΚΠ a1628 F. Greville Trag. Cicero (1651) sig. D1/2 Others remove their families and goods Into out-villages, or stronger places Within the City. 1730 B. Willis Notitia Parliamentaria 108 The Borough of and Out-Village of Wicombe. 1913 76th Ann. Rep. Board Foreign Missions (Presbyterian Church in U.S.A.) 379 Congregations have regularly met in two out-villages. Attendance, including the out-villages, has averaged 130. a1968 J. M. Hartzell in J. Acocella Mission to Siam (2001) iii. 81 There is talk of the out-village work being turned over to Lott and me entirely. (ii) † out-freedom n. Scots Law Obsolete rare the right to a share of common land outside a town. ΚΠ 1527–8 in Orkney & Shetland Rec. (1907) I. 109 Infredome and outfredoma, with all maner of rychtyis pertinentis..tyll the said thre makis of land [sc. Clouston, Stenness]. 1798 C. Cruttwell Univ. Gazetteer III. at Stronsa It is the common pasture or out-freedom of all the farms and houses adjacent to it. out-ground n. Brit. /ˈaʊtɡraʊnd/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌɡraʊnd/ outlying ground. ΚΠ 1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Surueyeng viii. f. 9 The lordes tenauntes haue commen in all suche out groundes with their catell. 1909 Westm. Gaz. 5 June 2/2 Might take a time, tu, an' see w'er there's any o' they whiting left to the out-ground o' Refuge Cove. 1991 Police Nov. 26/3 With the range of assignments encompassing the supervision of an out-grounds crew to processing inmates..the tendency to have your greatest asset, familiarity, become a liability is always present. outyard n. Brit. /ˈaʊtjɑːd/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌjɑrd/ an outlying yard; (Bee-keeping) a site for hives away from the main hive. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > courtyard > [noun] > (back or front) yard yardOE backside1450 stead1546 outyard1600 lot1657 backyard1659 outlet1667 area1712 back lot1714 backlet1724 door-yardc1764 front yard1767 rear yard1800 tenement yard1874 sitooterie1994 1600 T. Nashe Summer's Last Will & Test. sig. H3 I keepe open house for all the beggers, in some of my out-yardes. 1758 L. Carter Diary 10 Mar. (1965) I. 203 My out yards..I intend to Manure. 1988 New Yorker 9 May 45/1 I keep three hundred hives of bees in groups of ten or twelve in what are called outyards, on other farmers' land. (b) (i) With the sense ‘living, residing, or employed outside (a house, hospital, borough, city, country, etc.)’, usually as distinguished from people of equivalent rank or occupation residing or employed inside. See also outdweller n., outpatient n., outpensioner n. out-burgess n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌbəːdʒᵻs/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌbərdʒəs/ ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > town- or city-dweller > [noun] > dweller outside town or city out-burgess1459 outsetter1674 outen-town1677 out-citizen1847 extramuralist1868 outen-towner1882 1459 Perth Guildry in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue (1983) V. 177/2 That na out burges be made for the space forsaide be na maner of wais. 1858 J. F. Morgan Eng. under Norman Occup. vi. 156 In many places we find a distinction made between burgesses within the walls and out-burgesses or suburbans. 1986 Hist. Jrnl. 29 953 Slingsby was appointed an ‘out-burgess’ at Newtown by his fellow commissioners. † out-citizen n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > town- or city-dweller > [noun] > dweller outside town or city out-burgess1459 outsetter1674 outen-town1677 out-citizen1847 extramuralist1868 outen-towner1882 1847 G. Grote Hist. Greece IV. ii. xxxvi. 446 Kleruchs or out-citizens whom the Athenians had planted..in the neighbouring territory of Chalkis. out-clerk n. Brit. /ˈaʊtklɑːk/ , /ˈaʊtkləːk/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌklərk/ ΚΠ 1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 282. ⁋6 Out Clerk..has this Christmas so over-deckt the Church with Greens, that he has quite spoilt my Prospect. 1972 Econ. Hist. Rev. 25 580 The two out-clerks of the Devonshire Hall..were dismissed for serious abuses. † out-company n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > group living abroad out-detachmenta1770 out-company1793 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §101 The out-company not to return home till the in-company is carried out to relieve them. 1903 N.E.D. at Outman sb. A member of an out-company, one whose work is outside. † out-detachment n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > group with special function or duty > [noun] > group living abroad out-detachmenta1770 out-company1793 a1770 A. Hervey Jrnl. (1953) (modernized text) 193 Orders should immediately be sent to the commanding officers of all the out-detachments. 1815 Chron. in Ann. Reg. 74 The out-detachments of the Scotch brigade are called in. † out-nurse n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1909 Englishwoman Apr. 269 If she has a baby, it has to be dragged from bed and carried to some out-nurse. out-poor n. Brit. /ˈaʊtpɔː/ , /ˈaʊtpʊə/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌpʊ(ə)r/ , /ˈaʊtˌpɔr/ ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > [noun] > poor person > poor person in receipt of relief > not in an institution out-poor1781 out-relief1904 1781 T. Gilbert Plan Relief Poor 9 The greatest Caution must be used..in settling and superintending those Out-poor. 1840 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 2 434 A classified Return of the Expenditure at the Birmingham Workhouse, with the average Number of Cases of In and Out-poor in each Year. 1977 Hist. Jrnl. 20 348 The aged and the chronically sick were the permanent outpoor. out-porter n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌpɔːtə/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌpɔrdər/ ΚΠ 1902 Chambers's Jrnl. Nov. 717/2 ‘Boots’ will select for him that out-porter who will most briskly wheel his colossal pile of cases. 1989 H. Horwood Joey ix. 146 Two of the three outporters in the interim Cabinet hastened to buy or build houses in St. John's, and to move there permanently. † out-pupil n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > learner > one attending school > [noun] > day pupil day scholar1699 day-boy1750 day boarder1758 day pupil1784 day student1795 home boarder1816 day girl1831 out-pupil1841 extern1848 daybug1909 1841 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 4 52 The boys have other lessons given them at home; but in all other respects they are considered as out-pupils of the college which they attend. 1867 Routledge's Every Boy's Ann. Feb. 71 He is an out-pupil; not in any master's house. † out-ranger n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1715 London Gaz. No. 5383/4 Thomas Onslow, Esq., to be Out-Rainger of Windsor Forest. out-servant n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌsəːv(ə)nt/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌsərvənt/ ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > domestic servant > [noun] > servant who lives out out-servant1745 1745 J. Swift Direct. to Servants 76 Perhaps one of the Out-Servants, had through Malice,..flung in the Stone. 1990 Econ. Hist. Rev. 43 99 They are made up mostly of the cottagers and paupers, common soldiers, and labouring people and outservants. † out-soul n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1840 R. Browning Sordello iii. 335 How dared I let expand the force Within me, till some out-soul..should direct it? † out-steward n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1501 G. Douglas Palace of Honour iii. lix Outstewartis and catouris to ȝone king. † out-student n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ society > education > learning > learner > college or university student > [noun] > one living in specific place portionist?1566 hosteler1577 hallier1587 oppidan1645 portioner1740 non-gremial1766 bursar1831 out-student1835 hosteleress1850 1835 T. B. Macaulay in G. O. Trevelyan Competition Wallah (1866) 325 Amount realized from the out-students of English for the months of May, June, and July. 1886 New Englander (New Haven, Connecticut) June 592 In Cambridge, the student adopting this plan becomes an ‘out student’ and is a non-resident member of one of the colleges. (ii) With the sense ‘foreign, from another region’. † out-freeman n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1847 G. Grote Hist. Greece III. ii. xii. 222 The large number of..Kleruchs or out-freemen, whom Athens quartered upon their lands. † out-folk n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > town- or city-dweller > [noun] > dweller outside town or city > collectively out-folk1493 perioecus1846 1493 Charter in A. Laing Lindores Abbey (1876) xvii. 180 Purchessing of Outfolkis bringing thaim to the burgh. † out-merchant n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1865 W. Morris in J. W. Mackail Life W. Morris (1899) I. 171 O my merchants, whence come ye? Out-merchants from the sea. † out-people n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iv. 113 With the like regard..ought the out-people to enter. (iii) † out-brother n. Obsolete a male beneficiary of a charitable foundation receiving alms but not living in. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > monasticism > monk > [noun] > living outside monastery out-brother1565 externc1610 1565 in J. Strype Life Matthew Parker (1821) III. ii. App. 40 We will that none, having our dispensation to be an out-brother or sister, be suffered to be an in-brother or sister, until he or she hath surrendred to us and our successors his or her dispensation. 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 3 If they would bestowe vpon him but a slender outbrothers annuity of mutton & broth. a1768 T. Secker Speculum (1995) 44 13–8–0 for the maintenance of out brothers & sisters, & 4£ being an Increase, for such of the In-brothers as the Master shall think poorest. 1785 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 625/1 Each hospital has 60 brothers and sisters, in all 120. [Note] Viz. 30 in-brothers and sisters, with 5 out-brothers and sisters, at or near Canterbury. 1866 Sessional Papers (1904) (House of Commons) 43 591 The trustees shall be at liberty at any time..to increase the number of in-brethren by filling any vacancy occurring among the out-brethren by an election of an in-brother, or by electing any out-brother with his consent to be an in-brother. † out-sister n. Obsolete a female beneficiary of a charitable institution receiving alms but not living in. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > healer > nurse > [noun] > sister > types of out-sister1565 sister tutor1918 casualty sister1925 theatre sister1935 society > faith > church government > monasticism > nun > [noun] > resident in convent > not resident out-sister1565 1565 in J. Strype Life Matthew Parker (1821) III. ii. App. 40 We will that none, having our dispensation to be an out-brother or sister, be suffered to be an in-brother or sister, until he or she hath surrendred to us and our successors his or her dispensation. 1609 Accts. St. John's Hosp., Canterbury (Canterbury Cathedral Archives: CCA-U13/5) Rec. of the enterance of a novt syster vjs viijd. 1785 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 625/1 Each hospital has 60 brothers and sisters, in all 120. [Note] Viz. 30 in-brothers and sisters, with 5 out-brothers and sisters, at or near Canterbury [etc.]. 1799 E. Hasted Hist. & Topogr. Surv. Kent 628/1 Each of the said in-brothers and in-sisters to have a several dwelling and lodging within the hospital, and 26s. 8d. by the year, and one load of wood to be delivered cost free, between Midsummer and Michaelmas; and each of the out-brothers and out-sisters to have 26s. 8d. by the year only. 1828 W. H. Ireland England's Topogr. 134 Instead of the former custom of lodging and relieving travellers,..there should be five in-brothers and five in-sisters, poor and disabled, to have a separate dwelling and lodging within the building; and five other out-brothers and out-sisters, all of whom should have yearly pensions. † out-suitor n. Scots Law Obsolete rare a suitor (in a Baronial Court) living outside the Barony; cf. in-suitor n. ΚΠ ?a1600 Forme of Baron Courts i. §3 in J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem (1609) 100 Then the Serjand aught to gar call the soytours anes simplie: First the out soytours of the court. (c) With the sense ‘exterior, external, outward, relating to the outside world’. See also outbounds n., outline n., outside n. (i) † out-array n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > outerwear > [noun] robesc1330 overclothing1425 out-clothing1496 shaping apparel1564 outside1600 out-garment1634 out-dressa1637 out-array1647 superinvestiture1681 overclothes1824 outer clothing1841 hap1868 outerwear1883 overwear1885 shaping clothes1894 outwear1935 1647 H. More Philos. Poems i. ii. xiii Next that is Psyche's out-array. † out-blemish n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1601 W. Cornwallis Disc. Seneca sig. G8 Parents..finde a louelinesse in their [sc. children's] out-blemishes, and tolerate their inward. † out-border n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > utmost or extreme boundary finea1400 outgoinga1425 outboundsc1540 verge1597 termination1603 outmost1634 out-limit1650 out-border1652 1652 W. Blith Eng. Improver Improved 56 Certain Creeks or corners of Land running into the up-lands, and upon the out-skirts of the Fens, and many out-borders that are only anoyed with their own, and the swelling of the natural Fen-waters. 1770 Ann. Reg. 1769 229 The horse..dispersed them to the out-borders of the field. † out-bough n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts i. 309 Some Olives left on the out-boughes, after the tree is most shaken. out-branch n. Brit. /ˈaʊtbrɑːn(t)ʃ/ , /ˈaʊtbran(t)ʃ/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌbræn(t)ʃ/ ΚΠ 1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 118 I gather'd a large Quantity of the Grapes, and hung them up upon the out Branches of the Trees, that they might cure and dry in the Sun. 2000 Houston Chron. (Nexis) 1 Nov. (‘This Week’ section) 1 Another outbranch of CCEMS is its tactical medical program, which comprises emergency medical personnel who are trained to work with law enforcement officers during crisis situations. † out-case n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > time > instruments for measuring time > watch > [noun] > parts of barrel1591 motion1605 bezel1616 fusee1622 string1638 crown wheel1646 out-case1651 watch-box1656 nuck1664 watchwork1667 balance-wheel1669 box1675 dial wheel1675 counter-potence1678 pendulum-balance1680 watch-case1681 pillar1684 contrate teeth1696 pinion of report1696 watch-hook1698 bob-balance1701 half-cock1701 potence1704 verge1704 pad1705 movable1709 jewel1711 pendant1721 crystal1722 watch-key1723 pendulum spring1728 lock spring1741 watch-glass1742 watch-spring1761 all-or-nothing piece1764 watch hand1764 cylinder1765 cannon?1780 cannon1802 stackfreed1819 pillar plate1821 little hand1829 hair-spring1830 lunette1832 all-or-nothing1843 locking1851 slag1857 staff1860 case spring1866 stem1866 balance-cock1874 watch-dial1875 balance-spring1881 balance-staff1881 Breguet spring1881 overcoil1881 surprise-piece1881 brass edge1884 button turn1884 fourth wheel1884 fusee-sink1884 pair-case1884 silver bar1884 silver piece1884 slang1884 top plate1884 karrusel1893 watch-face1893 watch bracelet1896 bar-movement1903 jewel pivot1907 jewel bearing1954 society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > case or container > [noun] casea1382 custody1483 clausure1564 pen-case1577 forel1578 form1594 cap-case1597 cassole1599 scissor case1602 out-case1651 carrying case1867 carry case1897 1651 A. Weamys Contin. Sydney's Arcadia 115 sig. H2 That Majestie was so well composed with Humility, that it seemed but an out case to a more excellent inward virtue. a1762 Lady M. W. Montagu in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems (1763) III. 31 As on the margin of a stream he stood, Slow rolling from that paradise within, A snake's out-case untenanted he view'd. † out-clothing n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > outerwear > [noun] robesc1330 overclothing1425 out-clothing1496 shaping apparel1564 outside1600 out-garment1634 out-dressa1637 out-array1647 superinvestiture1681 overclothes1824 outer clothing1841 hap1868 outerwear1883 overwear1885 shaping clothes1894 outwear1935 1496 (c1410) Dives & Pauper (de Worde) iii. viii. 331/1 The outclothynge of men of holy chirche. out-edge n. Brit. /ˈaʊtɛdʒ/ , U.S. /ˈaʊdˌɛdʒ/ ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > [noun] > outer edge fringea1639 rim1662 out-edge1760 1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy I. xiii. 76 To the very out-edge and circumference of that cirle [sic]. 1991 Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 326 359 We say that the terminal vertex u of the out-edge is associated to v. † out-entry n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1645 S. Rutherford Tryal & Trivmph of Faith (1845) xxi. 281 The mouth, throat, and out-entry of hell. † out-form n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1616 B. Jonson Epigrammes cxiiii, in Wks. I. 806 Cvpid, who (at first) tooke vaine delight, In meere out-formes, vntill he lost his sight. † out-garment n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > outerwear > [noun] robesc1330 overclothing1425 out-clothing1496 shaping apparel1564 outside1600 out-garment1634 out-dressa1637 out-array1647 superinvestiture1681 overclothes1824 outer clothing1841 hap1868 outerwear1883 overwear1885 shaping clothes1894 outwear1935 1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 146 Their out Garment or Vest is commonly of Callico. 1661 S. Pordage Mundorum Explicatio iii. 313 I mean not now This Flesh, and Blood; this gross out-garment though For this indeed is as it were a soul Garment, unto the Body of the Soul. out-layer n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌleɪə/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌleɪər/ , /ˈaʊtˌlɛ(ə)r/ ΚΠ 1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xii. 336 The Beams or Bamboes..are fastned traverse-wise to the Outlayers on each side. 1920 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 50 76 Lane Fox..points out..the practical utility of a single outlayer for canoes which have but a single outrigger. 1996 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 263 1008/1 Outlayers of this rule could be found for at least three reasons. out-leaf n. Brit. /ˈaʊtliːf/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌlif/ ΚΠ 1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 80 The out-leaves hang down and rot; but still new ones come within. 1773–4 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 63 365 Sometimes it imitates pretty exactly the inclosing out-leaves of anemonies. 1980 Washington Post (Nexis) 6 Nov. e1 Green cabbage, which should have green outleaves and white innerleaves, cooks well. † out-limb n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-limb. † out-limit n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > edge, border, or margin > boundary > [noun] > utmost or extreme boundary finea1400 outgoinga1425 outboundsc1540 verge1597 termination1603 outmost1634 out-limit1650 out-border1652 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. ix. 184 The out-limits and boundaries of this..Countrey. † out-list n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. x. 216 The out-list of Judah fell into the midst of Dans whole cloth. † out-porch n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ society > faith > artefacts > division of building (general) > narthex or portico > [noun] parvisc1387 Galileec1593 portico1607 pronaos1614 propylaeum1637 out-porch1641 ante-temple1670 narthex1673 prostyle1683 opisthodomos1706 peribolos1706 choultry1772 posticum1776 propylon1830 proaulion1842 opisthodome1846 atrium1853 1641 J. Milton Of Reformation 80 Coming to the Bishop..into the Salutatory, some out Porch of the Church. 1888 Gentleman's Mag. May 487 There, in the outporch, emblazoned in large letters and surrounded by quaint old frescoes, was the bull of the Emperor Andronikos. † out-row n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1715 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture I. ix. 14 The space..between the crossing rows and the out-rows of stones. † out-sense n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1647 H. More Philos. Poems iii. i. xxix What grosse impressions the out-senses bear The phansie represents. † out-stair n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ c1720 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio Architecture II. xvii. 33 A gallery, on both sides of which I would have plac'd two out-stairs. † out-terrace n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1615 G. Sandys Relation of Journey 233 The vpper roomes of most hauing out-tarrasses. † out-verge n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1627 J. Speed Eng. Abridged v. §3 The out-verge doth exceed the middle itselfe. (ii) out-end n. Brit. /ˈaʊtɛnd/ , U.S. /ˈaʊdˌɛnd/ the projecting end of a building (cf. outshot n.¹ 2), a lean-to. ΚΠ 1637 T. Heywood Royall King iv God be with you good Captaine: come Match, let us betake us to our randevous at some out end of the Citty. 1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 122 Out-end, the vent or outlet of anything; the outshot or projecting end of a building. 1961 M. W. Barley Eng. Farmhouse & Cottage ii. iii. 88 Sometimes the third room is called..a ‘backend’, like the backhouse in East Anglia. In two cases it is an ‘outend’, presumably an outshot. † out-firmament n. Astronomy Obsolete rare the outermost celestial sphere, believed by ancient and medieval astronomers to keep out the waters surrounding the heavens. ΚΠ 1635 J. Swan Speculum Mundi iv. §2. 64 Neither may it seem strange how the out-firmament can be able alwayes to uphold them [sc. the supercelestial waters]. † out-heaven n. Obsolete rare the sky. ΚΠ 1647 H. More Philos. Poems ii. iii. iii. xv The fixed sunne..shining in this Out-heaven. (d) With the sense ‘excluded’, ‘out of office’, as out-party. See also out-group n. Cf. out adv. 17b. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > [noun] > the opposition opposition1704 out?1744 out-party1817 loyal opposition1992 1817 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 32 62 The out party proposed to pass a law [etc.]. The in party said that such a law was unnecessary. a1860 R. Whately Misc. Remains (1864) 172 An out-party will generally have more zeal and more mutual attachment among its members than an in-party. 1949 Manch. Guardian Weekly 11 Aug. 3 The Opposition is an ‘out’ party in the brawling 18th century sense. 1976 Guardian Weekly 26 Sept. 7/3 Whichever party does not control the White House—the ‘out-party’—does not even have a leader. (e) With the sense ‘loaned out or invested, not currently in one's own possession’. Cf. out adv. 14f. † out-money n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > moneylending > [noun] > loan > money out on loan loana1400 out-money1608 loan-money1727 1608 T. Middleton Trick to catch Old-one ii. sig. D2 Let my out-monies be reckond and all. (f) With the sense ‘having an outward direction, leading out’. See also outway n. Cf. sense 1b(a). out-path n. Brit. /ˈaʊtpɑːθ/ , /ˈaʊtpaθ/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌpæθ/ ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > track, trail, or path > [noun] > with outward direction outway1571 out-path1573 out-trail1900 1573 T. Cartwright Replye to Answere Whitgifte 27 It is our partes to walke in the broade and beaten way, as it were the common caussie of the commaundement, rather then an outpathe of the example. 1897 G. MacDonald tr. F. Schiller in Rampolli 64 Could I but the outpath follow—Ah, how were my spirit blest! 1992 Social Forces Sept. 18 In-paths are flows into a point while out-paths are flows from a point. out-trail n. Brit. /ˈaʊttreɪl/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌtreɪl/ ΘΚΠ society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > track, trail, or path > [noun] > with outward direction outway1571 out-path1573 out-trail1900 1900 Daily News 12 Feb. 3/4 The out-trail, the trail that's always new. a1936 R. Kipling Long Trail in Sel. Poetry (1992) 79 The drum of the racing screw, As she ships it green on the old trail, our own trail, the out trail, As she lifts and 'scends on the Long Trail. b. Prefixed to nouns of action or movement, agent-nouns, and verbal nouns, cognate with or derived from a simple verb followed by out.Some examples already in Old English: see etymological note above. (a) With nouns of movement or action, with the sense ‘moving or directed outwards from a point’. See also outbreak n., outburst n., outcome n.², outcry n., outfare n., outgang n., outgrowth n., outlet n. (i) † outchuck n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1892 Sat. Rev. 22 Oct. 486/2 Product of design or out-chuck of atoms. out-flare n. Brit. /ˈaʊtflɛː/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌflɛ(ə)r/ ΚΠ 1878 R. Browning Two Poets of Croisic lxxiv, in La Saisiaz: Two Poets of Croisic 134 He must puff the flag To fullest outflare. 1997 Time Mag. (Nexis) 17 Nov. 56 Roadblocks manned by gangs of truckers dammed traffic at chokepoints, some with outflares of violence. out-flight n. Brit. /ˈaʊtflʌɪt/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌflaɪt/ ΚΠ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) Job xi. 20 Þe eȝen forsoþe of vnpitouse men shul failen, & out fliȝt shal pershen fro þem. a1652 R. Brome Madd Couple Well Matcht i. i, in Wks. (1873) I. 18 The inconveniences I have met with in those extravagant outflights. 1975 Amer. Midland Naturalist 93 374 Our counts from the O'Malley roost during the middle of the summer reproductive season..show no evidence of a peak corresponding to initial outflights of young of the year. † out-flood n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > copious or continuous > instance of streamc900 wellOE outstreaminga1398 flood1589 profluvium1603 shower1656 gush1704 outgushing1823 outgush1835 outwelling1852 out-flood1859 1859 W. Arthur Duty of Giving Proport. Income 53 In one eternal outflood benefits stream from Him. † out-gleam n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1875 D. McLean Gospel in Psalms 342 Outgleam of overawing holiness is here. † out-jert n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Equippée,..a suddaine, and fantasticall prank, or out-iert; a youthfull flying out of the way. † out-sally n. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > [noun] > discontinuing of siege > sally issuea1450 excourse?1520 sally1560 sallying1560 a sault out1560 out-sally1598 outfall1637 sortie1778 razoo1864 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Sortita, an out-rode, an excursion, an out-salie. out-spurt n. Brit. /ˈaʊtspəːt/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌspərt/ ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > sudden outleapa1308 outspringinga1398 outleaping1868 out-spurt1876 1876–7 Proc. Royal Soc. 25 440 Stimulation of the anterior crural nerve..caused a considerable outspurt of blood from the muscle-vein. 1934 Proc. Royal Soc. 1933–4 B. 114 239 The outspurt from the veins during the beginning of the tetanus is due to the mechanical expulsion of the blood. † out-swarm n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1894 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 407 An enthusiastic belief and an outswarm of a tribe. out-voyage n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌvɔɪᵻdʒ/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌvɔɪɪdʒ/ ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > [noun] > a voyage > from home port out-voyage1808 1808 R. Forsyth Beauties Scotl. V. 200 The statute [prohibits] any vessel from conveying abroad more than a small number of emigrants in any out-voyage. 1965 E. L. Myles Emperor of Peace River i. x. 105 When next her father returned from his out-voyage..he summoned his daughter. (ii) out-stress n. Brit. /ˈaʊtstrɛs/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌstrɛs/ rare exertion or effort outwards. ΚΠ 1881 G. M. Hopkins Serm. & Devotional Writings (1959) 197 The first intention then of God outside himself or, as they say, ad extra, outwards, the first outstress of God's power, was Christ; and we must believe that the next was the Blessed Virgin. 1959 D. A. Downes Gerard Manley Hopkins ii. 29 Outstress is the coming to stress out from self. This insight becomes fundamental in his last thoughts. (b) With agent nouns, with the senses ‘in an outward direction’, (cf. senses 3a and 3b(a)), ‘to completion’ (cf. sense 3b(b)), or ‘to a greater extent than other people’ (cf. sense 4a(b)(i)). For examples of use, see outcomer n., outdoer n. at outdo v. Derivatives, outfitter n., outgoer n., outliver n. at outlive v. Derivatives, outlooker n., outputter n., outsetter n. (c) Prefixed to verbal nouns in -ing, with the senses ‘moving outwards’ or ‘directed outwards’. See also outbearing n., outbranching n., outbreaking n., outcoming n., outgoing n. (i) † out-bolting n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1869 R. Browning Ring & Bk. IV. xii. 204 Not an abrupt out-bolting, as of yore. † out-bossing n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 138 He graued in a greet out boocing, ymagis of cherubyn. out-calling n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌkɔːlɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌkɔlɪŋ/ , /ˈaʊtˌkɑlɪŋ/ ΚΠ a1698 W. Row Suppl. in R. Blair Life (1848) (modernized text) x. 250 A more general out~calling of the body of the people. 1995 Coloradoan (Fort Collins) 2 Apr. a 10/2 If you've got a PBX (private branch exchange) that does any kind of outcalling to one place or another, it would have to be reprogrammed. out-flowering n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌflaʊərɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌflaʊ(ə)rɪŋ/ ΚΠ 1874 Appletons' Jrnl. 5 Dec. 728/1 This queer, elfin bush, garnished all over its otherwise bare branches..with a most prodigal out-flowering. 1932 M. Joynt tr. L. Gougaud Christianity in Celtic Lands iii. 101 A continuous outflowering of sanctity, prolonged throughout three or four centuries. 2001 Jrnl. Supply Chain Managem. (Nexis) 37 38 The 1990s saw an outflowering of purchasing articles on both sides of the Atlantic dealing with strategic issues. † out-gadding n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1571 A. Golding tr. J. Calvin Psalmes of Dauid with Comm. (vii. 8) Their wandering and confused outgaddinges intoo the way. out-gathering n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌɡað(ə)rɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌɡæð(ə)rɪŋ/ ΚΠ 1844 Protestant Q. Rev. Oct. 397/1 The κυριακη εκκλησια, Christ's own outgathering and election of grace, individually chosen, enlightened, quickened and sealed by Him with the Holy Spirit of adoption. 1918 J. M. Gray in Light on Prophecy 137 This is the age of the out-gathering, the out-gathering of an elect people to be united with Christ in glory. 2016 M. K. Dash & A. Kumar in U. S. Panwar et al. Handbk. Res. Promotional Strategies xxiv. 409 Individuals who are connected with them with differing degrees of tie quality, going from solid, for instance family, close companions or in-gatherings, to frail, for instance acquaintances or out-gatherings. † out-glowing n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1876 ‘G. Eliot’ Daniel Deronda IV. viii. lxix. 337 The star-like out-glowing of some pure fellow-feeling. out-shadowing n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌʃadəʊɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌʃædoʊɪŋ/ ΚΠ 1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 353 In prophetic murmurs or mute out-shadowings of mystic ordinances. 1910 Mod. Lang. Notes 25 83/2 This absence of wine-heated desire and wine-heated expression is by no means the outshadowing of a merely Platonic sentiment. † out-shedding n. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > action or process of emitting copiously > [noun] > an instance of out-sheddinga1398 effusion1526 effuse1595 gluta1637 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > [noun] > emission > copious emission or effusion > instance of out-sheddinga1398 effuse1595 outpour1864 a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 136 And..outschedynge of rayne. 1548 Princess Elizabeth & J. Bale tr. Queen Margaret of Angoulême Godly Medytacyon Christen Sowle f. 13^v The very outshedynge of thy most precyouse bloude. † out-sifting n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1839 ‘J. Fume’ Paper on Tobacco 119 The comparatively long shreds or outsiftings. † out-sprouting n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1897 Chicago Advance 20 May 664/2 The natural outsprouting of the new life. (ii) † out-hielding n. Obsolete an outpouring or effusion. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > [noun] > emission > copious emission or effusion sheddingc1200 out-hieldinga1382 yotingc1390 outyettingc1400 pouring?a1425 outpouring1440 diffusionc1484 effusion1526 infusion1563 spouting1568 profusion1583 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) 2 Kings xxii. 16 Þer apereden þe outheeldyngis [a1425 L.V. schedyngis; L. effusiones] of þe see. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 89 Bi greet plenteuose out hilding of textis. outpouching n. Brit. /ˈaʊtˌpaʊtʃɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˈaʊtˌpaʊtʃɪŋ/ Biology = outpocketing n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of bowels or intestines > [noun] > other intestinal disorders cholera1601 cœliac1661 cœliac passion or flux1662 bota1722 mucocele1897 Hirschsprung's disease1900 paraproctitis1900 peptic ulcer1900 megacolon1906 outpouching1909 typhlatony1913 polyposis1914 argentaffinoma1934 irritable bowel syndrome1943 Meckel's diverticulum1946 Meckel's diverticulitis1954 1909 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. Outpouching, = outpocketing. 1914 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 205 243 The hydrocœle pouches next appear..as thickened out-pouchings of the crescentic margin of the left middle cœlomic region. 1994 Gastroenterologist 2 299 Diverticular disease of the colon is a disease of twentieth century Western society. A diverticulum is an outpouching of mucosa through the colonic wall. 2. Forming adjectives. a. With present participles in -ing (Old English -ende), indicating outward movement, external or remote situation, or projection or prominence. See also outbeaming n. and adj., outbreaking adj., outflowing adj., outgoing adj., out-jutting adj., outlying adj., outstanding adj. out-curving adj. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkəːvɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkərvɪŋ/ ΚΠ 1854 Putnam's Monthly Mag. May 544/1 The peduncles begin to elongate rapidly, bearing on their apex the swelling germs, crowned with the outcurving stigmas. 1990 ‘J. Gash’ Very Last Gambado (1991) xiii. 111 Dealers call the style Sheraton, but at the time furniture makers called the tiny out-curving legs ‘French feet’. out-flooding adj. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈflʌdɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈflədɪŋ/ ΚΠ 1909 R. Kane Serm. of Sea xix. 306 Its eager essence is..flung forward in the out~flooding force of a soul's quest, in the torrent-like tide of love. out-hanging adj. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈhaŋɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈhæŋɪŋ/ ΚΠ 1850 W. Howitt Year-bk. of Country ix. 313 In the lower, out-hanging towers are dungeons. 1999 Dogs Today Oct. 45/3 In summer the greenery is very lush here—tall plants and trees spread way up into the outhanging rock. † out-lavishing adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1612 S. Daniel First Pt. Hist. Eng. iii. 177 By his out-lauishing humour. † out-sallying adj. Obsolete ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > action or state of siege or blockade > [adjective] > sallying out-sallying1756 sallying1839 sortieing1871 1756 J. Brown Athelstan i. iii. 6 Devoted to thy Will, I held my Charge, To guard our Camp from the out-sallying Foe. 1877 J. T. Beer Prophet of Nineveh iii. iii. 193 Watch well the gates, that no outsallying bands Fall on our rear. b. With past participles in -ed, -en, etc., indicating outwards movement or direction, completion, or the surpassing or overcoming of something. See also outborn adj., outbound adj., out-bowed adj., outcast adj., outgone adj., outgrown adj., out-pointed adj., outsent adj., outshot adj. † out-broken adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Kings vi. 7 It was buylded of whole and outbroken stones. † out-called adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ a1557 J. Cheke tr. Gospel St. Matthew (1843) xxi. 13 Th'appointed house for his outcalled people. † out-created adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1647 H. More Philos. Poems ii. iii. iv. xxvii This out-created ray. † out-crushed adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1851 W. R. Williams Lord's Prayer (1854) i. 194 The last wail of the outcrushed soul. out-curled adj. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkəːld/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkərld/ ΚΠ 1849 T. Carlyle in Cent. Mag. (1882) July 429/2 Intense sucking, 'bacco being wet, and the saliva came in dew-drops on the big outcurled lips. 1984 Jrnl. Aesthetics & Art Crit. 43 83/2 Tension is manifest in the cringing woman..who covers her face with out-curled hands as if to fend off the sight. † out-hunted adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1662 J. Chandler tr. J. B. van Helmont Oriatrike 246 With the blacknesse of their out-hunted venal blood. † out-mapped adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1898 J. E. Jennings From Indian Coll. 28 Out-mapped plains, stretching to misty ends. c. With a noun (as object of out of prep.), forming an adjective, with the sense ‘out of, outside, or away from the thing named’. See also outboard adj., out-college adj., outdoor adj., adv., and n.² † outsea adj. Obsolete ΚΠ 1894 A. S. Way tr. Euripides Hecuba in tr. Euripides Tragedies I. 255 Ah, soon thou shalt not, when the outsea surge..shall whelm thee fallen from the mast. 1897 R. D. Blackmore Dariel ii. 11 No mixed Norman blood of outsea cutthroats. out-shore adj. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈʃɔː/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈʃɔr/ ΚΠ ?1866 in Rec. Town of Brookhaven (N.Y.) (1880) II. 296 Thomas J. Ellison Trustee reported that he had leased the outshore Ridge of Meadow in South Bay to David Carey. 1961 Times 2 Aug. 4/1 Meanwhile, the outshore current looked more attractive to three other good starters. † out-water adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1885 Pall Mall Gaz. 23 Feb. 11/2 One of these will be an under-water tube;..one out-water tube finds a place in the bow. d. Parasynthetic adjectives formed from nouns referring to parts of the body, with the sense of ‘projecting, protruding’. out-bellied adj. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbɛlɪd/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbɛlid/ ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > trunk > front > belly or abdomen > [adjective] > types of great-wombedc1325 wombedc1325 big-bellied?c1475 gorbellieda1529 tunnisha1529 bellieda1533 gorbelly1532 tun-bellied1551 out-bellied1570 paunch-bellied1586 paunchyc1586 big-bellied1592 round-bellied1606 gutty1607 tun-gutted1607 ventripotent1611 swag-bellieda1616 tun-grown1628 bottle-bellied1646 pot-bellied1647 belly-mountained1654 pauncheda1657 sag-bellied1665 barrel-bellied1694 ventricous1702 poke pudding1705 paunch-gutted1726 pot-gutted1731 paunchfula1763 pottle-bellied1777 tunnified1806 tun-likea1813 shad-bellied1832 ventricose1843 bow-windowed1849 bloated-bellied1871 barrel-stomached1884 stomachy1888 well-stomached1896 jelly-bellied1899 narrow-gutted1903 pus-gutted1915 great-stomached1944 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Div/1 Outbelied, viscerosus. 1994 Seattle Times (Nexis) 9 Jan. 10 The out-bellied shape of the soundboard [of the guitar] is carved from a billet of flawless spruce. out-breasted adj. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbrɛstᵻd/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbrɛstəd/ rare ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-breasted. † out-eyed adj. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > eye > [adjective] > by size, shape, etc. > having goggle-eyedc1384 well-eyed1483 pink-eyed1519 hollow-eyeda1529 small-eyed1555 great-eyed1558 bird-eyed1564 out-eyed1570 large-eyed1575 full-eyed1581 bright-eyed1590 wall-eyed1590 beetle-eyed1594 fire-eyed?1594 young-eyed1600 open-eyed1601 soft-eyed1606 narrow-eyed1607 broad-eyed?1611 saucer-eyed1612 ox-eyed1621 pig-eyed1655 glare-eyed1683 pit-eyed1696 dove-eyed1717 laughing-eyed1784 almond1786 wide-eyed1789 moon-eyed1790 big-eyed1792 gooseberry-eyed1796 red-eyed1800 unsealed1800 screw-eyed1810 starry-eyed1818 pinkie-eyed1824 pop-eyed1830 bead-eyed1835 fishy-eyed1836 almond-eyed1849 boopic1854 sharp-set1865 bug-eyed1872 beady-eyed1873 bias-eyed1877 blank-eyed1881 gape-eyed1889 glass-eyed1889 stone-eyed1890 pie-eyed1900 slitty-eyed1908 steely-eyed1964 megalopic1985 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Div/1 Outeyed, strabus. † out-kneed adj. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > limb > leg > knee > [adjective] > types of > having out-kneed1570 in-kneed1724 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Div/1 Outkneed, varus. 1873 Catholic World Mar. 840/2 His gait had acquired an indescribably curious mixture of the out-kneed walk of a man constantly on horseback with the roll of a sailor. † out-lipped adj. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > mouth > [adjective] > types of round-mouthed?1473 shevel?1507 tut-mouthed?a1513 wry-mouthed1552 pouch-mouth1565 plaice-moutha1569 out-lipped1570 pouch-mouthed?a1592 flap-mouthed1594 wide-mouthed1594 plaice-mouthed1595 big-mouthed1602 sparrow-mouthed1611 stretch-moutheda1616 splay-mouthed1647 wry-mouth1652 whale-mouthed1656 out-mouthed1698 spout-mouthed?1711 mickle-mouthed1720 sheveling-gabbit1725 mickle-mouth1863 tenible1871 primped1935 1570 P. Levens Manipulus Vocabulorum sig. Div/1 Outlipped, labiosus. † out-shinned adj. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [adjective] > of legs > having leglessc1390 bow-legged1552 crook-legged1580 shackle-hammed1592 baker-kneed1611 baker-legged1611 buckle-hammed1629 out-shinned1682 bandy-legged1688 crooked-legged1691 shackled-ham'd1733 badger-legged1738 tailor-legged1768 knock-kneed1774 scissor-legged1880 1682 London Gaz. No. 1722/4 A little out-shinn'd. 1724 Auld Rob Morris in Ramsay's Tea-t. Misc. (1733) I. 63 He's out-shin'd, in-kneed and ringle-ey'd too. † out-shouldered adj. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [adjective] > of shoulders crooked-shoulderedc1515 crump-shouldered1542 out-shouldered1579 crook-shouldered1580 round-shouldered1586 crumped-shouldered1603 round1702 hump-shouldereda1704 stoop-shouldered1748 huck-shouldered1847 1579 J. Jones Arte preseruing Bodie & Soule i. xxvi. 50 Crooke-legged, and out-shouldred. 3. Forming verbs in separable compounds or syntactic combinations.In Middle English properly two words; in modern use chiefly poetic or metrical forms, being, more or less, ad hoc formations, made up each time from their elements. The adverb had originally a distinct stress, and still has often a secondary stress. a. With intransitive verbs, in the same sense as the simple verb followed by out (cf. out adv. 9). See also outbeam v., outbreak v., outburst v., outflow v., outgo v. † outbuller v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) iv. xii. 41 Thairwith gan hir seruandis behald..The blud outbullerand on the nakit swerd. † outdie v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1898 Westm. Gaz. 14 July 2/3 As each flaunting lamp outdies And hush succeeds the din, I seem to see the martyr's guise Supplant thy garb of sin. † outflee v. Obsolete ΚΠ a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 610 Seue nigt siðen euerilc-on He is let ut flegen..and gon. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Psalms xxx. 12 Þat seȝen me, outfloun fro me. outflood v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈflʌd/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈfləd/ ΚΠ 1920 D. H. Lawrence Women in Love xxiii. 349 The marvellous fulness of immediate gratification, overwhelming, out-flooding from the source of the deepest life-force. † outissue v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1593 B. Barnes Parthenophil & Parthenophe 2 On whome, my carefull thoughtes I set to watche, Guarding him closely, least he should out-issue. 1879 H. Phillips Addit. Notes upon Coins 6 Chests, whence serpents are out~issuing. † outpeak v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis ii. 35 Much lyke the owtpeaking from weeds of poysoned adder. † outslide v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1862 J. G. Whittier At Port Royal 5 At last our grating keels outslide Our good boats forward swing. † outslink v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1861 J. C. H. Fane & Ld. Lytton Tannhäuser 9 Then from..their long familiar homes,..outslunk The wantons of Olympus. † outvanish v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1844 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Mar. 151/1 From the earth has freedom outvanished quite, And left but the master and master'd. 1890 Lippincott's Monthly Mag. May 679 With that knowledge outvanished in shame all the weakness of his position. † outwave v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne v. 225 Ioy, which doth from brinefull hart out-waue. † outwheel v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1886 W. Alexander St. Augustine's Holiday 137 While the midnight Arctic sun outwheel'd. b. With transitive verbs, in the same sense as the simple verb followed by out. (a) With the force of ‘outwards, away from; out of position or out of a container; so as to protrude; out of existence; into the open, into manifestation’. See also outbear v., outblot v., outcast v., outlay v., outpour v., outshut v. (i) † outban v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1885 R. Bridges Eros & Psyche xii. xxiii. 153 And Zeus..outbanned From heaven whoever should that word miscall. out-bar v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbɑː/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbɑr/ ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > be on the outside of [verb (transitive)] > keep or shut out loukc1275 speara1300 beshutc1330 forbarc1330 warn?a1366 to close outa1382 to shut outc1384 steeka1393 again-louka1400 to keep outc1425 outshutc1450 seclude1498 to stop outc1530 to hedge out1549 confine1577 to hold out1583 out-bar1590 debar1593 excommunicate1602 expel1604 immurec1616 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. x. sig. Y5 Which to outbarre..From sea to sea he heapt a mighty mound. 1908 E. C. Stedman Assault by Night in Poems 462 Lo! what a dismal frost and hoar Upon the window falls! Outbar him while ye may! out-blast v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈblɑːst/ , /ˌaʊtˈblast/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈblæst/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Outblast. 1995 Times (Nexis) 22 Apr. Mosquito repellent will outblast scent. † out-bolt v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1659 J. Gauden Ἱερα Δακρυα iv. xx. 557 That they may blot and out-bolt, set up and pull down Magistracy. 1788 T. Dwight Triumph of Infidelity 28 Half pleas'd, the honest tar out bolted—‘whew’! out-bulge v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbʌldʒ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbəldʒ/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Outbulge. out-bustle v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbʌsl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbəs(ə)l/ ΚΠ a1834 S. T. Coleridge Lit. Remains (1838) III. 339 The fancy out-bustled the pure intuitive imagination. 1992 Cornell Daily Sun (Ithaca, N.Y.) 14 Oct. 15/4 Similar to the Red's wins over Lafayette (44–33) and Lehigh (29–23), the victory in Cambridge was the product of Cornell's outbustling opponents. † out-chase v. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > expel afferreOE warpc1000 outdriveOE wreakc1100 to cast out1297 to cast fortha1382 out-chasec1395 flecchea1400 to shoot forth, out, awaya1400 propel?1440 expulse?a1475 scour1488 out-thrust1532 to catch forthc1540 propulse1548 pulsec1550 unplant1552 to turn out of ——1562 extrude1566 detrude?1567 eliminate1568 deturbate1570 detruse1571 unroost1598 to put by1600 deturb1609 bolt1615 run1631 disembogue1632 out of1656 expel1669 rout1812 to manage (a person) out of1907 c1395 G. Chaucer Summoner's Tale 1916 Fro paradys first..Was man out chaced for his glotonye. 1592 Countess of Pembroke Antonius iii Enchaunting pleasure, Venus swete delights..from our harts out chase All holie vertues lodging in their place. out-count v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkaʊnt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkaʊnt/ ΚΠ 1859 E. Bennett Wild Scenes on Frontiers 244 No single trapper could out-count him in peltries, or out-talk him in exploits. 1995 Virginian Pilot & Ledger-Star 27 June a14/2 Juvenile offenders have to get the message that their crimes outcount their birthdates—and their homelife. out-crowd v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkraʊd/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkraʊd/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-crowd. a1930 R. Bridges Come se Quando in Poet. Wks. (1936) 525 For sure the procreant multitude would riot to outcrowd the earth wer't not for lack of food. † out-cull v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry f. 52 Rype hemp out kull, from karle to pull. Let seede hemp growe, till more ye knowe. 1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne v. 190 And mongst you ten out-cull, as likes him best. out-eye v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈʌɪ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈaɪ/ ΚΠ 1855 P. J. Bailey Mystic 48 The sun, from dawn to nightnoon, he outeyed From the peaked mountain which commands the world. 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Outeye. out-fan v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈfan/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈfæn/ ΚΠ a1729 E. Taylor Poems (1989) 131 Lungs all Corrupted,..a Stinking Breath out fand And with a Scurfy Skale I'me all ore clagd. 1957 R. Campbell Coll. Poems II. 253 The Spring with rosy spinnaker outfanned Comes curling silver fleeces through the land. † out-ferret v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1855 R. Browning Old Pictures in Florence xxv, in Men & Women II. 42 How a captive's to be out-ferreted. † out-gather v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) v. f. 62^v While of Maidenly desire she fillde hir Maund and Lap, Endeuoring to outgather hir companions there. 1895 F. Thompson Sister Songs 36 This poor song..is but a curled Shell outgathered from thy sea. out-get v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɡɛt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈɡɛt/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-get. out-heave v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈhiːv/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈhiv/ ΚΠ 1850 W. B. Ullathorne Remarks Proposed Educ. Bill 14 A momentum with which to outheave from the soul of youth both the principle of authority and the positive doctrines of religion together. 1908 T. Hardy Dynasts: Pt. 3rd iii. iii. 104 Till dawn began outheaving this huge day, Pallidly—as if scared by its own bringing. † out-hew v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1584 T. Twyne tr. Virgil in T. Phaer & T. Twyne tr. Virgil XIII. Bks. Æneidos viii. sig. Mvii^v Duke Romulus vptooke, and in the rocke full cold outhewd Lupercal temple. 1840 R. Browning Sordello in Wks. (1896) II. 180/1 The people clap their hand, At my outhewing this wild gap For any Fridrich to fill up. † out-hurl v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1852 G. P. R. James Pasquinillo I. 151 His hand paused not, but still a skull out-hurled. out-launch v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈlɔːn(t)ʃ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈlɔn(t)ʃ/ , /ˌaʊtˈlɑn(t)ʃ/ ΘΚΠ the world > movement > impelling or driving > projecting through space or throwing > throw [verb (transitive)] > out to cast outc1200 to throw outa1387 outflingc1450 out-launch1594 1594 T. Kyd tr. R. Garnier Cornelia i. i. 31 Guiltles blood by brothers hands out-lanched. 1842 E. B. Browning Greek Christian Poets (1863) 36 Outlaunch thee, Soul, upon the æther. 1974 W. Everson Tendril in Mesh in Man-fate 5 When two such as we are outlaunched on desire, neither one comes back. † out-leave v. Obsolete ΚΠ a1382 Prefatory Epist. St. Jerome in Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1959) vii. 131 Outelaft storyes in þe boke of kyngez ben ytouched. a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 29 And comon workmen wil not be owt lafte. † out-length v. Obsolete rare ΘΚΠ the world > time > duration > have duration [verb (transitive)] > cause to endure, sustain, or prolong lengOE drawOE teec1200 forlengtha1300 lengtha1300 drivec1300 tarryc1320 proloynec1350 continuec1380 to draw alonga1382 longa1382 dretch1393 conservea1398 to draw (out) in, into, at, or on lengtha1400 prorogue1419 prolongc1425 aroomc1440 prorogate?a1475 protend?a1475 dilate1489 forlong1496 relong1523 to draw out1542 sustentate1542 linger1543 defer1546 pertract1548 propagate1548 protract1548 linger1550 lengthen1555 train1556 detract?a1562 to make forth (long, longer)1565 stretch1568 extend1574 extenuate1583 dree1584 wire-draw1598 to spin out1603 trail1604 disabridge1605 produce1605 continuate1611 out-length1617 spin1629 to eke out1641 producta1670 prolongate1671 drawl1694 drag1697 perennate1698 string1867 perennialize1898 1617 R. Greene Groats-worth of Witte (rev. ed.) sig. E4 And scornest now to lend thy fading ioyes, Toutlength my life. † out-lengthen v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1827 T. Carlyle tr. J. P. F. Richter in German Romance III. 215 This outlengthening of his electorial power! 1898 J. W. Howe Vision of Palm Sunday in From Sunset Ridge 101 And they who should leave my service, with sorrowful feet and slow Out-lengthening a dear remembrance, from my sight and sound should go. out-mark v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈmɑːk/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈmɑrk/ ΚΠ 1861 Macmillan's Mag. 4 131/1 A red coat against green ground would outmark a soldier to a foe rifleman. 1928 T. Hardy Winter Words 99 His wish of her is but a whim Of his madness, it may be, outmarking his lack of coherency. out-open v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈəʊp(ə)n/ , U.S. /ˌaʊdˈoʊp(ə)n/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-open. † out-press v. Obsolete ΚΠ a1456 J. Lydgate Seying of Nightingale (Trin. Cambr.) 156 in Minor Poems (1911) i. 227 (MED) With-outen felawe I gane þe wyn outpresse. a1861 E. B. Browning Casa Guidi Windows in Poet. Wks. (1897) 345 Austria wearing a smooth olive-leaf On her brute forehead, while her hoofs outpress The life from these Italian souls. † outpry v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1596 C. Fitzgeffry Sir Francis Drake sig. D7^v That durst not yet her home-bred nest out-prie. † out-quaff v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1647 R. Stapleton tr. Juvenal Sixteen Satyrs 170 Or then out-quaffe those cups Laufella takes. out-shake v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈʃeɪk/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈʃeɪk/ ΚΠ a1762 Lady M. W. Montagu in R. Dodsley Coll. Poems (1763) V. 267 At length he drops Out-shaken: instant to her prey the Cat Flies rapid. 1897 Outing 29 323/1 Clear their silvery notes outshaking, The sleigh bells are ringing. 1978 D. Levertov Life in Forest 23 There's no-one to whom to open the topmost serape, outshaking its firm folds. out-shape v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈʃeɪp/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈʃeɪp/ ΚΠ 1850 Amer. Whig Rev. Aug. 181 Forth issuing;—forms, existence, force,—Out shaping Nature's pictured show. 1901 T. Hardy His Immortality in Academy 23 Nov. 476 And still his soul outshaped..Its life in theirs. 1996 Summary of World Broadcasts Pt. 2: Central Europe & Balkans (B.B.C.) (Nexis) 9 Apr. EE/D2582/B The Romanian voters were prone to vote for the centre-orientated political formations, a fact that outshaped a new governing formula after the elections. † out-shower v. Obsolete ΚΠ a1729 E. Taylor Poems (1989) 189 Eshcol's Grapes that royall juyce out shower, And Wine of Hesbon in its flavor high. 1865 A. W. Buchan Song of Rest 153 Thou wouldst outshower thy notes upon the air. † out-snatch v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1647 H. More Philos. Poems i. i. lx And raging raptures do his soul outsnatch. 1857 J. A. Heraud Judgem. of Flood (rev. ed.) iv. 299 A whirlwind had outsnatched his spirit, and rapt Above the Olympian hill. out-spill v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈspɪl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈspɪl/ ΚΠ a1475 (?a1325) Long Charter of Christ, A Text (Harl. 5396) (1914) 5 From all Ioyes þou ware outspylt. 1880 W. Watson Prince's Quest 73 The hope that filled youth's beaker to its brim The tremulous hand of age had long outspilled. 1962 W. Everson Hazards of Holiness i. 22 No Holy Ghost, Spirit outspilt, Burnt this charred day. † out-spew v. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > digestive disorders > have digestive disorder [verb (transitive)] > vomit spew971 aspewc1200 to gulch out?c1225 casta1300 vomea1382 brake1393 evacuec1400 to cast outa1425 deliver?a1425 voida1425 evomec1450 evomit?a1475 disgorge1477 to cast up1483 degorge1493 vomish1536 retch1538 parbreak1540 reject1540 vomit1541 evacuate1542 revomit1545 belch1558 vomit1560 to lay up1570 upvomit1582 to fetch up1599 puke1601 respew1606 inbelch1610 spew1610 to throw up1614 exgurgitate1623 out-spew1647 egurgitate1656 to throw off1660 to bring up1719 pick1828 sick1924 yark1927 barf1960 to park the tiger1970 vom1991 ?a1200 (?OE) Peri Didaxeon (1896) 39 Þis sceal þan manna to læc[ec]ræfte, þe swyþe hyra spatl utspiwaþ [L. expuentes]. 1581 A. Neville tr. Seneca Œdipus (rev. ed.) i, in T. Newton et al. tr. Seneca 10 Trag. f. 80 All the woude wide bleeding gapes & black goard bloud out spues. 1647 H. More Philos. Poems iii. iii. xxvi All drink from hence, That..poyson do outspue. † out-spurn v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1601 N. Breton Diuine Poem sig. E3^v When my deere Lord sayd not,..get thee hence: or like a dogge out spurne mee. † out-squat v. Obsolete ΚΠ c1400 (?a1300) Kyng Alisaunder (Laud) (1952) 1627 (MED) Of summe was þe brayn out squatt, Al vnder þe yrnen hatt. 1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos vii. sig. U.iv The greatest sort with slinges, their plummet lompes of lead outsquats. † out-throng v. Obsolete ΚΠ a1500 Lancelot of Laik (1870) 65 The byrdis thar mychty voce out throng. 1882 R. H. Horne Soliliquium Fratris Rogeri Baconis 118 Then all, out-thronging in the reddening air, With cries, close clingings, tumult, frantic prayer, Crush, trample, swoon, or die in strong life's last despair. † out-vaunt v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1663 T. Jordan Royal Arbor Loyal Poesie 72 Though they out-vaunt us, They never shall out-rant us. 1877 R. Browning tr. Aeschylus Agamemnon 44 Nor Paris nor the accomplice-city Outvaunts their deed. † out-waste v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1509 A. Barclay Brant's Shyp of Folys (Pynson) f. cxlviii Of that foole who..all out wastyth by immoderate expence. 1876 Ladies' Repository July 62/2 Who in God his hope hath placed, Shall not life in pain outwaste. † out-weed v. Obsolete ΚΠ ?1573 L. Lloyd Pilgrimage of Princes 215 She..shall eche vertue plante in tyme, and vice in tyme out weede. 1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene ii. iv. sig. Q2^v The sparks soone quench, the springing seed outweed. † out-wrench v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1585 J. Sharrock tr. C. Ockland Notable Battailes & High Exployts Eng. Nation in Valiant Actes Eng. Nation sig. ciii^v Then other after others raunge, their sitters all outwrencht. 1859 R. C. Singleton tr. Virgil Aeneid xii, in tr. Virgil Wks. II. 503 He strains t' outwrench the weapon. (ii) Also some exemplified only in past participle. † out-beat v. Obsolete ΚΠ c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) ii. 473 Wiþ spittyng and wiþ fen And blod out-beten sore, Þow weore al out of ken. 1627 M. Drayton Battaile Agincourt 57 There hang his eyes out beaten with a mall. 1869 R. Leighton Poems (ed. 2) 73 Mere vibrations of surrounding air, Outbeaten from the steeple's brazen lips, Breaking on cartilage and nerve. † out-brede v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 2615 Now ere þe baners out-bred [a1500 Trin. Dub. oute brade]. † out-carve v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ c1460 J. Lydgate in C. Horstmann Altengl. Legenden (1881) 374 Doorys tweyne By craft out corve. † out-gnaw v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1588 T. Hughes Misfortunes Arthur v. ii, in W. C. Hazlitt Dodsley's Sel. Coll. Old Eng. Plays (1874) IV. 338 With duskish dens out-gnawn in gulfs below. † out-hire v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene v.Proem i. sig. M4^v When Iustice was not for most meed outhyred . View more context for this quotation † out-lance v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1590 E. Spenser Muiopotmos 82 Two deadly weapons fixt he bore, Strongly outlaunced towards either side. † out-reave v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) xvii. 32 In the i sall be outreft [a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) pullid out, a1425 L.V. delyuered] fra fandynge. (b) With the force of ‘completely, thoroughly, to an end’. See also out-ask v.Some of these directly render Latin verbs in ex-, e-.By Wyclif (and a few other late Middle English translators) the ex- of Latin verbs is often rendered more fully by full out, e.g. exultāre full out glad, full out joy; exōrāre full out pray, exquaerere full out seek, exardescere to wax full out tend. Modern editors have sometimes hyphenated out to the verb, making compound verbs out-glad, out-joy, etc. (i) † out-bake v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1969) Isa. xlviii. 10 I haue out bake [a1425 L.V. sode; L. excoxi] þee, but not as siluer. † out-bathe v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ ?c1550 tr. P. Vergil Eng. Hist. (1846) I. v. 209 The salutiferus water..wherin being owtebathed he showlde obteyne his purpose. † out-dry v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1969) Isa. xlii. 15 Al þe buriownyng of hem I shall out drien [a1425 L.V. drie vp; L. exsiccabo]. † out-hear v. Obsolete ΚΠ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1969) Isa. xli. 17 I þe lord shal out heren [L. exaudiam] hem. 1614 W. Browne Shepheards Pipe vii. sig. F2 With much ado, and with no little paine Haue I out-heard thy railing 'gainst my loue. out-tire v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈtʌɪə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈtaɪ(ə)r/ ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > weary or exhaust [verb (transitive)] wearyc897 tirea1000 travailc1300 forwearya1325 taryc1375 tarc1440 matec1450 break1483 labour1496 overwearya1500 wear?1507 to wear out, forth1525 fatigate1535 stress1540 overtire1558 forwaste1563 to tire out1563 overwear1578 spend1582 out-tire1596 outwear1596 outweary1596 overspend1596 to toil out1596 attediate1603 bejade1620 lassate1623 harassa1626 overtask1628 tax1672 hag1674 trash1685 hatter1687 overtax1692 fatigue1693 to knock up1740 tire to death1740 overfatigue1741 fag1774 outdo1776 to do over1789 to use up1790 jade1798 overdo1817 frazzlea1825 worry1828 to sew up1837 to wear to death1840 to take it (also a lot, too much, etc.) out of (a person)1847 gruel1850 to stump up1853 exhaust1860 finish1864 peter1869 knacker1886 grind1887 tew1893 crease1925 poop1931 raddle1951 1596 A. Copley Fig for Fortune sig. I2^v He would have told me more to his pourport, But that his vp-hill pace out-tyr'd his speech. 1796 F. Jacson Plain Sense (ed. 2) I. 125 His obstinacy might out-tire that of his father's. a1877 A. C. Swinburne Lesbia Brandon (1952) xvi. 165 Her limbs shuddered now and then..as if cold or out-tired. a1935 W. Watson Tomb of Pharaoh in Poems (1936) 57 Thou may'st out-tire the malice of the living, But not the vengeance of the implacable dead. (ii) † out-end v. Obsolete (a) transitive to destroy, to kill; (b) intransitive to come to an end. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > end or conclusion > bring to an end or conclude [verb (transitive)] yendc1000 abatec1300 finec1300 endc1305 finisha1375 definec1384 terminec1390 achievea1393 out-enda1400 terminate?a1425 conclude1430 close1439 to bring adowna1450 terma1475 adetermine1483 determine1483 to knit up1530 do1549 parclose1558 to shut up1575 expire1578 date1589 to close up1592 period1595 includea1616 apostrophate1622 to wind off1650 periodizea1657 dismiss1698 to wind up1740 to put the lid on1873 to put the tin hat on something1900 to wash up1925 a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) xxxvi. 9 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 167 (MED) Þat þou be liþered [L. maligneris], nil þou niþe. For þat liþeres [L. malignantur], outende sal þai. ?1590–1 J. Burel tr. Pamphilus in Poems sig. D3^v How things begins, out endis, and how thay lest, For to behold, it is ane wisemans will. † out-tear v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to make very angry, to provoke. ΚΠ a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) Psalms lxxvii. 40 Hou ofte siþes þei outterreden [a1425 L.V. maden..wrooth; L. exacerbaverunt] hym in desert. c. Forming transitive verbs (chiefly literary ad hoc formations), with the sense of ‘to exclude, expel or cause to depart by means of’ the action expressed in the simple verb (cf. out adv. 1h). † outawe v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1648 Mercurius Aulicus No. 9. 88 If the City will..suffer the Sectaries to strengthen themselves till they are able to out-awe them.., they may at length be brought like patient beasts to the slaughter house. 1889 W. S. Blunt Sancho Sanchez ix, in New Pilgrimage 67 With a solemn grief outawing the brute laughter of their eyes. out-elbow v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɛlbəʊ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊdˈɛlˌboʊ/ ΚΠ 1813 in Catal. Prints: Polit. & Personal Satires (Brit. Mus.) (1949) IX. 203 Hapless me to be out-elbowed, impoverished, and insulted, by my own children. 1936 D. Thomas Twenty-five Poems 9 Now that my symbols have outelbowed space. 1994 Sports Illustr. (Nexis) 7 Nov. 146 The Hoouston Rockets..outelbowed the Knicks to win it. † out-feed v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1652 Laughing Mercury No. 29. 229 The first dish was a Dutch Excize-man sowc'd,..on which dish the Devill fed to heartily, that Mallet himself could not have out-fed him. 1890 J. Pulsford Loyalty to Christ I. 318 It is ‘the Bread of God’... It outfeeds corruption, disease and death. out-gloom v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɡluːm/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈɡlum/ ΚΠ 1747 S. Richardson Clarissa II. ii. 13 Those Women..can suffer themselves to be out-bluster'd and out-gloom'd, till they have no will of their own. 1866 E. R. Charles Draytons & Davenants 129 Recollections which the Old Tower itself, with all its chambers of death, can scarce outgloom. 2001 Western Mail (Cardiff) (Nexis) 16 July 20 One chap who can outgloom any British tennis player is Old Misery Guts. out-hiss v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈhɪs/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈhɪs/ ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > disapprove of [verb (transitive)] > express disapproval of > by sound or exclamation hootc1175 to clap out1550 explose?c1550 explode1563 hiss1598 exsibilate1601 to hum up, down1642 out-hiss1647 chuckle1681 catcall1700 scrape1773 groan1799 to get the (big) bird1825 boo1833 fie-fie1836 goose1838 sibilate1864 cluck1916 bird1927 slow handclap1949 tsk-tsk1966 tut1972 1647 Prol. to Beaumont & Fletcher's Captaine in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. sig. Kk/1 For ye may When this is hist to ashes, have a Play. And here, to out-hisse this. a1729 E. Taylor Metrical Hist. Christianity (1962) 419 He plainly gave their own into their Dish And bravely did their fauning Charms out hiss And at their threats he matterd not a Straw. 1874 Chambers's Jrnl. 4 Apr. 216/1 The manager thereupon brought his whole company upon the stage, and out-hissed the visitors. 2004 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 19 Oct. e10 At Clinton's mention of the N-word, the crowd out-hissed the ‘Raiders of the Lost Ark’ snakes. out-jeer v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈdʒɪə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈdʒɪ(ə)r/ ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > jeering, taunting, or scoffing > [verb (transitive)] > drive out by jeering out-jeer1640 1640 R. Brome Sparagus Garden iv. ii. l. 37 Doe they jeere, let 'hem jeer & gibe too; ile vetch ones Warrant shall out-jeere 'hem all, and he be above ground. 1863 C. C. Clarke Shakespeare-characters v. 129 His professing ‘friend’ out-jeers him from drowning. 2000 Dominion (Wellington, N.Z.) (Nexis) 11 Dec. 17 The dancers out-stomped, out-jeered and out-swirled each other for another character's heart. out-jest v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈdʒɛst/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈdʒɛst/ ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > pleasure > laughter > causing laughter > cause laughter [verb (transitive)] > utter a jest or joke > drive out by jesting out-jest1608 joke1863 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear viii. 15 The foole, who labours to out-iest His heart strooke iniuries. 1907 R. G. Moulton Shakespeare as Dramatic Thinker i. i. 24 He first meets the jester on his own ground and outjests him. 4. Forming transitive verbs, with the sense of exceeding or going beyond some thing or person in some action. a. Formed on verbs. (a) To pass beyond or exceed (a defined point, a limit in space, time, degree, etc.), by or in the action expressed by the simple verb. Cf. sense 4a(b). See also out-ask v. 2, outdwell v., outflourish v. 1, outgrow v. 2, outlast v., outpass v. 1, outrun v. 3. † out-feast v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1866 A. M. H. Brewster St. Martin's Summer 196 The gallant young Carafa of Maddaloni, who, to win her hand, out-rode, out-feasted, and out-fought the princely foreign competitors. † out-journey v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1889 Universal Rev. Nov. 437 Whose dreams out-journey Sirius nor tire. † out-skip v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1605 B. Jonson Sejanus ii. i. 144 Thou lost thy selfe..when thou thought'st Thou could'st out-skip my vengeance; or out-stand The power I had to crush thee into Aire. View more context for this quotation 1869 Galaxy July 56 He pretends to be surprised at nothing..; but repeatedly, I know, I have clear outskipped his fancy. † out-sport v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) ii. iii. 3 Lets teach our selues the honourable stoppe, Not to out sport [1623 out-sport] discretion. † out-study v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1670 J. Eachard Grounds Contempt of Clergy 24 Some also of very feeble and crasie Constitutions in their Childhood, have out-studied their distempers. † out-task v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1868 Pall Mall Gaz. 24 Sept. 9 Sometimes the ‘toucadore’ is pushed by emulation to out-task his strength. 1875 W. W. Story Stephania i. 26 Otho. O Ernstein! I have suffered terribly. Ern. You have out-tasked your strength, and need repose. out-tower v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈtaʊə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈtaʊ(ə)r/ ΚΠ 1736 A. Hill tr. Voltaire Alzira ii. 22 By Heaven, it charms me, To see those soaring Souls out-tower their Fortune. 1906 J. London White Fang ii. iv. 88 The sky that out-towered the mountain. 1977 Times 3 Mar. 14/2 He out-towers Galbraith by one inch, but only if he is wearing his fez and a thick pair of socks. (b) (i) To surpass, excel or outdo (a person, etc.) in the action of the simple verb. See also out-bawl v., outbid v. 2, 3a, out-brag v., outdo v. 2, outgo v. 2, outlive v., outproffer v., outride v. 2, outrun v. 2, outshine v. 1, outshout v., outswim v.In this sense out- may be prefixed to almost any intransitive verb of action or state, and to many transitive verbs used absolutely; so that the number of these compounds is without limit. out-accelerate v. Brit. /ˌaʊtəkˈsɛləreɪt/ , /ˌaʊtakˈsɛləreɪt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊdəkˈsɛləˌreɪt/ , /ˌaʊdækˈsɛləˌreɪt/ ΚΠ 1969 Daily Tel. 7 Feb. 25 (advt.) The 1.7 litre engine will also out-accelerate a lot of sportier cars. 1997 Total Sport Mar. 87/1 The early heroes were often moonshiners.., whose livelihood and liberty depended on their being able to out-accelerate the law through the local backwoods. out-achieve v. Brit. /ˌaʊtəˈtʃiːv/ , U.S. /ˌaʊdəˈtʃiv/ ΚΠ 1960 V. Packard Waste Makers (1961) xxiv. 295 The Russians outachieved the United States in launching earth satellites. 1994 Voice 18 Oct. (24 Hrs. Suppl.) 21/2 The Future Is Female. From babyhood to boardroom, women are now set to out-achieve men. out-bang v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbaŋ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbæŋ/ ΚΠ 1874 N. B. Wolfe Startling Facts Mod. Spiritualism xvi. 306 I hope the spirits will be less violent in their demonstrations. They ‘out-banged Bannegar’. 1985 TV Times 31 Aug. 25/2 This is ITV's British-made crash-bang-wallop action series that outbangs, outcrashes and outwallops rivals from America. out-bark v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbɑːk/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbɑrk/ ΚΠ 1649 Mercurius Aulicus 21–28 Aug. 15 Without doubt he had out-bark'd, if not unkennell'd the whole Litter. 1750 M. Jones Misc. in Prose & Verse 59 With sneaking step, at distance he'd retire, Then mount his tail, and ev'n out-bark the well-mouth'd 'Squire. 1900 J. Conrad Lord Jim x. 125 Yap! Yap!.. Two of them together trying to out-bark each other. 2002 State Journal-Register (Springfield, Ill.) (Nexis) 30 Mar. 7 (caption) A dog sunning itself in Philadelphia..tries to outbark a neighboring dog. out-bat v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbat/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbæt/ ΚΠ 1773 J. Duncombe in R. Freeman Kentish Poets (1821) II. 364 To see the Surry cricketers Out-bat them and out-bowl. 1970 Sunday Tel. 20 Dec. 21/7 This weakened M.C.C. side..have been outbatted, outbowled and outfielded by South Australia. out-beg v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbɛɡ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbɛɡ/ ΚΠ 1651 W. Davenant Gondibert iii. v. 13 Where she outbeg'd the tardy begging Thief. 1868 Harper's Mag. May 797/1 This horde of two men, five women, and a child would have outbegged a convent of Dominicans. 1999 Jrnl. Mod. Hist. 71 321 The principal inspiration was to ensure adequate donations for those members of the community who were truly unable to work but possibly ‘out-begged’ by professional outsiders. out-bleat v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbliːt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈblit/ ΚΠ 1623 Bp. J. Hall Great Impostor 28 Thus Saul will lie-out his sacriledge, vntill the very beasts out-bleat, and out-bellow him. 1871 L. Colange Zell's Pop. Encycl. II. 536/3 Outbleat, to surpass in bleating. 2001 Washington Post (Nexis) 15 Apr. b5 China's tone even outbleats the old Soviet Union. † out-boil v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1645 J. Bond Occasus Occidentalis 31 The Lusts of those strangers..did often out-boyle..the scalding waters of the Bath. out-bowl v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbəʊl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈboʊl/ ΚΠ 1773 J. Duncombe in R. Freeman Kentish Poets (1821) II. 364 To see the Surry cricketers Out-bat them and out-bowl. 1823 Lady's Mag. July 388/1 There was no doubt that Andrews could, if he chose, out-bowl Samuel Long, and out-bat Tom Coper. 2001 Times 27 Feb. i. 36/1 Sanath Jayasuriya..outbowled his illustrious team-mate, Muttiah Muralitharan, on paper, finishing with career-best Test figures of eight for 94. out-box v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbɒks/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbɑks/ ΚΠ 1855 Harper's Mag. Oct. 598/2 ‘Billy’ thrived under his new regimen, and soon was able to outwrestle and outbox any of his woolly-headed competitors. 1975 Amer. Lit. 47 253 He..takes refuge in an athletic past, claiming he can outbox anyone in the office. out-break v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbreɪk/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbreɪk/ ΚΠ 1903 N.Y. Times 19 Feb. 11/1 The colt outbroke his field, showing all the early speed. 2001 Daily News (N.Y.) (Nexis) 6 Aug. 62 In only his second start of 2001, Five Star Day outbroke a field of seven sprinters and led every step of the way. out-brew v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbruː/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbru/ ΚΠ 1743 W. Ellis Suppl. to London & Country Brewer (ed. 2) 286 She thought none could out-brew her. 1983 Associated Press Newswire (Nexis) 19 Aug. (headline) U.S. outbrews the world. out-bribe v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbrʌɪb/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbraɪb/ ΚΠ 1616 T. Roe Embassy to Great Mogul 10 Aug. (1899) 228 They [sc. the Dutch] would both out-present, out-bribe, and out-buy vs in all things. 1783 H. Blair Lect. Rhetoric II. xxviii. 94 If Oppianicus had given money to Stalenus, Cluentius had outbribed him. 1979 Jrnl. Polit. Econ. 87 882 In the counterproposal voter 1 starts out with $2, while in the proposal 1 initially has only $1. Consequently, voter 2 can always outbribe voter 3. † out-bury v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1752 H. Walpole Mem. George II I. 339 (note) He would buy a piece of ground and outbury them. † out-caper v. Obsolete ΚΠ a1763 J. Byrom Dissect. Beau's Head (R.) For sometimes at a ball The beau show'd his parts, out~caper'd 'em all. 1884 ‘M. Field’ Callirrhoë iii. vi. 103 The little fool Tries to outcaper his own shadow. out-chat v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈtʃat/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈtʃæt/ ΚΠ a1652 R. Brome City Wit i. i. sig. A6, in Five New Playes (1653) Shee that will..out-chat fifteen Midwives. 1683 R. Dixon Canidia ii. xiv. 73 There is no end of all their Prate; Out-chat the Devil, or his Mate. 1988 Adweek (U.S.) (Nexis) 18 Apr. KZEW-FM morning personality Scoot Parkin outchatted the likes of Mark Oristano of KVIL-FM and Paul Crane of KDFW-Channel 4 to win $1,000 for his favorite charity. out-chatter v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈtʃatə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈtʃædər/ ΚΠ 1698 E. Ward Sot's Paradise 10 A little Captain, tho' of great Renown, Cock'd up his Hat swore Zoons and then sate down, Out-chatter'd all the Magpies in the Town. 1880 Atlantic Monthly Sept. 354/2 They were at work, busy as bees, and out-chattering the swallows. 1995 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 9 Feb. a17 A common sight is a family of three generations, all milling around their shopping cart, outchattering each other. † out-chide v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes To vanquish, to quell, to ouer-come, to outchide, to outskould. 1871 A. C. Swinburne Songs before Sunrise Prelude 108 Outchide the north wind if it chid. 1894 Harper's Mag. Dec. 92/2 There she could outchide the storm-winds when they chid, and nobody marked her. out-clamour v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈklamə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈklæmər/ ΚΠ 1770 J. Armstrong Misc. I. 163 Such a mutiny Out-clamour'd all tradition, and gain'd belief To ranting prodigies of heretofore. a1918 W. Owen Compl. Poems & Fragments (1983) I. 17 Bells out-clamoured hungrily for folk To fill the void and cavernous church. † out-comply v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1678 S. Butler Hudibras: Third Pt. iii. ii. 179 Out-fawn as much, and out-comply. out-cook v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkʊk/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkʊk/ ΚΠ 1839 C. Dickens Let. 9 Sept. (1965) I. 578 A woman..who..far out-cooked the cook of Petersham! 1970 N. Armstrong et al. First on Moon ii. 34 Mike Collins, who had become fond of dishes like coq au vin.., definitely could outcook Lew Hartzell. out-crash v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkraʃ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkræʃ/ ΚΠ 1887 Scribner's Mag. Apr. 416/2 The terrific thunder, outcrashing a thousand batteries, at times engrossed my attention. 1985 TV Times 31 Aug. 25/2 This is ITV's British-made crash-bang-wallop action series that outbangs, outcrashes and outwallops rivals from America. out-crawl v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkrɔːl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkrɔl/ , /ˌaʊtˈkrɑl/ ΚΠ 1769 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 28 Oct. (1932) (modernized text) VI. 2899 I believe I could now outcrawl a snail. 1978 A. Price '44 Vintage xi. 136 He certainly didn't intend to let any bloody tank officer..out-crawl him. out-crow v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkrəʊ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkroʊ/ ΚΠ 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 17 Not Salisbury plaine or Newmarket heath..may ouerpeere, or out crow her. 1866 W. Collins Armadale I. ii. vi. 216 I hear you have out-numbered the Strasbourg apostles, and outcrowed the Strasbourg cock. 1987 M. Collins Bellhop looks at Tourist in Callaloo 14 (1991) 780 She drop into that hot-oil Black River patois To fry me then and there and the cock Come in the doorway and outcrow us both. out-curl v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkəːl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkərl/ ΚΠ 1891 ‘H. S. Merriman’ Prisoners & Captures I. vii. 141 Each individual hair seemed to be distorted with a laudable endeavour to out-curl its neighbour. 1998 Kincardine (Ont.) News 18 Mar. b2/4 The Kester team outcurled the St. Catharine's team and won by a score of 9–8 in 10 ends. out-curse v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkəːs/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkərs/ ΚΠ ?a1600 J. Donne Curse iv For if it be a she, Nature before hand hath out-cursed me. 1858 W. M. Thackeray Virginians I. xli. 324 In his chapel..he..out-cursed Blasphemy with superior anathemas. 1988 P. A. Roberts W. Indians & their Lang. ii. 45 There is also the Afro-American tradition..which features individuals trying to outcurse each other. † out-darkle v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 203 A hue which outdarkles The deeps where they shine. † out-din v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 289 Hell doth out-din itself. 1898 J. E. C. Bodley France I. i. iv. 243 Men's voices out-dinned by the clash of arms. out-dine v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈdʌɪn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈdaɪn/ ΚΠ 1899 Daily News 4 Apr. 4/7 The Government's scheme for a ‘Greater Westminster’ seems to have few friends. City Fathers are afraid it might outdine them. 2000 San Diego Union-Tribune (Nexis) 18 Aug. e2 Democrats had their chance to outdine and outshine the GOP this week, wrapping up a star-studded convention in Tinseltown yesterday. out-dive v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈdʌɪv/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈdaɪv/ ΚΠ 1755 E. Young Centaur ii, in Wks. (1757) IV. 152 They who in their wrinkled decline outdive in folly the temerities of youth. 2000 E. M. Bergerud Fire in Sky ii. iv. 263 The Lightning had an excellent rate of climb and could outdive the Zero. † out-diplomatize v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1848 Fraser's Mag. 37 389 We were as much out-gastronomised as out-diplomatised by the French. † out-dissemble v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1681 J. Crown Thyestes ii. 21 He who wou'd rule so damn'd a World as this, Where so many dissembling Villains dwell, Must cheat the Devil, and out-dissemble Hell. 1749 J. Cleland Mem. Woman of Pleasure I. 180 I think, however, he had not much to brag of having out-dissembled me; for I kept up, nobly, the character of our sex for art. † out-drudge v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1660 N. Ingelo Bentivolio & Urania iv. 222 The Plowman strives to out-drudge his beasts, that he may grow a wealthy Yeoman. † out-equivocate v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1681 Heraclitus Ridens 16 Aug. 1/1 He has the Head of a Jesuit, and shall out-wit, out-plot, out-swear, out-Equivocate, and out-face the whole Society. † out-fawn v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1677 W. Wycherley Plain-dealer i. 9 For thou may'st easily come to..out-watch a Pimp, out-fawn a Rook, out-promise a Lover, out-rail a Wit, and out-brag a Sea-Captain. 1701 E. Settle Virgin Prophetess i. 3 He has a Tongue That can out fawn a hungry Parasite, cringing For a Court-Office. 1852 J. Quincy Municipal Hist. Boston 331 Massachusetts did not only thus artfully foil the Parliament, but it outfawned and outwitted Cromwell. out-feast v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈfiːst/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈfist/ Obsolete ΚΠ 1653 Bp. J. Taylor XXV Serm. xv. 201 He..hath out feasted Anthony or Cleopatra's luxury. out-feed v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈfiːd/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈfid/ ΚΠ 1661 A. Brome Ess. on Contempt of Greatnesse in Songs & Other Poems 185 If 'mong the guests there should be one that..Out-sits all others and out feeds 'um too, Would you think this man temperate? 1996 E. Tenner Why Things bite Back vi. 124 They overwhelm native tree pests, including cankerworms and tent caterpillars, by outfeeding them. out-flaunt v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈflɔːnt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈflɔnt/ , /ˌaʊtˈflɑnt/ ΚΠ 1677 A. Behn Town-fopp v. 66 I wou'd have had her, but for her Fortune; which shall only serve to make thee out-flaunt all the Cracks in Town. 1991 Daily Express 1 June 3/1 Pop queens Madonna and Kylie Minogue are pushing raunchiness to the limits in an attempt to outflaunt each other. † out-gastronomize v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1848 Fraser's Mag. 37 389 We were as much out-gastronomised as out-diplomatised by the French. out-grin v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɡrɪn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈɡrɪn/ ΚΠ 1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 173. ¶3 An Ambition..of Out-grinning one another. 1857 A. Delano Live Woman in Mines i. v. 18 Well, we sat and grinned at each other for about an hour, and I out-grinned her. 1990 Post-Standard (Syracuse, N.Y.) (Nexis) 6 Nov. b2 Area musicians and support squads tried to outmarch, outstrut and outgrin competing bands from Central and Western New York. out-groan v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɡrəʊn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈɡroʊn/ ΚΠ 1876 T. S. Egan tr. H. Heine Atta Troll 93 Their snuffling out-groaned all the double basses of the band. 1986 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 14 Mar. b4 We come upon our cohorts,..groaning that we've no idea how long they've been waiting. We outgroan them as they hand us our share of the cheese sandwich emergency rations. out-grunt v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɡrʌnt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈɡrənt/ ΚΠ 1683 J. Norris Murnival of Knaves 3 He can..Outgrunt the Babe of Farrowing Sow, Outlow little Irish Runt or Cow, [etc.]. 1834 Fraser's Mag. 10 16 They..out-bellow bulls, out-grunt the pretty swine. 1995 Chattanooga (Tennessee) Times 5 Sept. d3 Outgrunted but not outplayed, Seles took command early. out-hammer v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈhamə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈhæmər/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-hammer. 2001 Time Mag. (Nexis) 21 May 91 The novel ripples outward from a central event: a three-day festival..commemorating the legendary black railroad worker who outhammered a steam drill but died in victory. out-hasten v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈheɪsn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈheɪs(ə)n/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-hasten. out-hit v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈhɪt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈhɪt/ ΚΠ 1934 Webster's New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. 1732/1 Outhit. 1963 Times 13 Mar. 24/4 Tonbridge were neither outmanoeuvred nor outhit and their tidy consistent play brought them to within four points of winning. 1991 M. Mantle My Favorite Summer: 1956 vii. 113 We outscored them for the Series, 55–27, and outhit them, 91–60. out-hustle v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈhʌsl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈhəs(ə)l/ ΚΠ a1961 Time in Webster's 3rd New Internat. Dict. Eng. Lang. (1961) (at cited word) It is one thing to be beaten and quite another to be outhustled. 1995 Ring July 24/2 He can outhustle most heavyweights. out-lament v. Brit. /ˌaʊtləˈmɛnt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtləˈmɛnt/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-lament. out-lift v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈlɪft/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈlɪft/ ΚΠ 1858 Harper's Mag. July 277/2 The men of his county..could outrun, outjump, outlift any thing in the State. 1989 D. Morrow & M. Keyes Conc. Hist. Sport in Canada 41 It was wise to outlift an opponent by only the smallest margin necessary to win. out-lighten v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈlʌɪtn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈlaɪtn/ ΚΠ 1876 A. C. Swinburne Erechtheus 394 Its clamour outbellows the thunder, its lightning outlightens the sun. 1878 A. C. Swinburne Poems & Ballads 2nd Ser. 14 Of all its lights..none like thy most fleet and fiery sphere's Outlightening Sirius. † out-limn v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1661 J. Glanvill Vanity of Dogmatizing xv. 140 'Twas never an heresie to out-limn Apelles. out-linger v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈlɪŋɡə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈlɪŋɡər/ ΚΠ 1869 R. Browning Ring & Bk. IV. xi. 160 One will be found outlingering the rest. 1908 J. Barlow In Higher Latitudes in Mockers 77 Yet scarce outlingereth The earliest beam, but while long shadows creep Fades dream-like from the fields of thought and breath. 1990 Sunday Times (Nexis) 28 Jan. Bernstein was in expansive form and in his slow movement takes five minutes more than Klemperer and even outlingers Furtwangler's 1912. † out-mount v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge iv. v. sig. I I scorn't that any wretched should suruiue, Outmounting me in that Superlatiue. 1853 E. FitzGerald Gil Perez i. iii. 113 Two falcons, wheeling round, Strive to out-mount her, tilting all along The fair blue field of heaven for their lists. out-peal v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈpiːl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈpil/ ΚΠ 1829 T. L. Peacock Misfortunes Elphin vii. 99 The consonance, or dissonance, of men and dogs, outpealed the noise of the torrents. 1994 M. Abley Glasburyon 85 Each time we lose a language the ghosts who made use of it cast a new bell. The voices magnify. Soon, listen, they'll outpeal the tongues of earth. out-pipe v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈpʌɪp/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈpaɪp/ ΚΠ 1685 in A. Behn et al. Misc. 150 Shou'd he not pay me Shepherd when I won? I did out pipe him, that the Youth will own. 1858 E. J. Chapman Song of Charity 90 Behind, the lark out-pipeth clear Its gayest greetings to the morn. 1995 Austin (Texas) Amer.-Statesman (Nexis) 31 Aug. 11 (headline) Houston students outpipe the Scots, win world title. † out-pity v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1890 Daily News 10 Feb. 5/1 There can be no question that the Professor would out-pity the speculator at last. out-plod v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈplɒd/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈplɑd/ ΚΠ 1651 R. Culmer Ministers Hue & Cry 15 Your evil manners will beget good Laws. Craft increaseth in the world, and the best Laws are out-plodded in time. 1857 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. iv. iii. 263 Under the still night-canopy they plod along;..yet behold, Rumour has outplodded them. 2000 Sports Illustr. (Nexis) 12 Apr. 76 They passed the most daunting possible test of versatility in Indy, first outplodding Wisconsin, then outsprinting the Gators. out-populate v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈpɒpjᵿleɪt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈpɑpjəˌleɪt/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-populate. 1909 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 14 676 The Roman Catholic church has certainly succeeded in Canada and the United States by urging its members to outpopulate the Protestants. 1996 Representations No. 54. 1 In the Nintendo game Populous, the sides compete to outpopulate and thereby destroy each other. out-praise v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈpreɪz/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈpreɪz/ ΚΠ 1781 F. Burney Diary & Lett. (1842) II. ii. 71 A general discussion, not only of Pope's Life, but of all his works, which we tried who should out-praise. 1998 N.Y. Post (Nexis) 15 Feb. 79 With (mostly male) sportswriters slavishly outpraising one another about the imaginary thrills.., it was nothing short of glorious to encounter one guy with the perspicacity and guts to compare the level of excitement..to that of any respectable pick-up game. out-preen v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈpriːn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈprin/ ΚΠ 1879 W. D. Howells Lady of Aroostook viii. 84 In every little village there is some girl who knows how to outpreen all the others. 1995 Independent on Sunday (Nexis) 26 Feb. 18 (headline) Where the Sphynx prepares to outpreen the Munchkins, and Persians must be common. out-procrastine v. Brit. /ˌaʊtprə(ʊ)ˈkrastɪn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtprəˈkræstən/ , /ˌaʊtproʊˈkræstən/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-procrastine. out-prosper v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈprɒspə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈprɑspər/ ΚΠ 1991 C. Barker Imajica ii. 13 Their predecessors had been prophesying the same for three decades, and Klein had outprospered every one of them. out-quibble v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkwɪbl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkwɪb(ə)l/ ΚΠ 1842 S. Lover Handy Andy xxv. 218 It was the bully joker..who..outquibbled the agent about the oath of allegiance. 1997 Independent (Nexis) 16 Aug. 2 Now's my chance to set the record straight; to fight fire with fire, to outquibble the quibblers, to outsmart-ass the smart-asses. out-quote v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkwəʊt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkwoʊt/ ΚΠ 1856 C. J. Lever Martins of Cro' Martin 203 To out-talk him, out-quote, and out-anecdote him. 1937 Trans. & Proc. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 68 p. xxxv His idea of humanism was to memorize Latin authors: he could outquote some of his humanist friends. 2002 Express (Nexis) 29 July 55 He [i.e. Maurice Denham] and [Gregory] Peck would pass the time between takes trying to outquote each other from Shakespeare. out-rap v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈrap/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈræp/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-rap. 1984 People (Nexis) 29 Oct. 102 Is Ronald Reagan really going after the black vote by trying to outrap Jesse and outdance Michael? out-redden v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈrɛdn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈrɛd(ə)n/ ΚΠ 1852 Ld. Tennyson Ode Wellington viii Glossy purples, which outredden All voluptuous garden-roses. 1894 F. W. O. Ward Poet's Euthanasia in Confessions of Poet 44 I sought the grace that glorified the mud, And made the sterile stock in beauty bud, Out-reddening the shy blush on Hebe's cheek. 1927–9 H. Wheeler Waverley Children's Dict. V. 3065/1 A poet might speak of the sunset glow as outreddening a crimson banner. out-rhyme v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈrʌɪm/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈraɪm/ ΚΠ 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 650/1 I outryme, je oultre rysme. 1732 A. Pope Corr. Sept. (1956) III. 312 They will out-rhyme all Eaton and Westminster. 2003 Times Colonist (Victoria) (Nexis) 1 Feb. e4 The whole gist of a battle is to outrhyme and outsmart the other person. out-rove v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈrəʊv/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈroʊv/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-rove. 1998 Advertiser (Adelaide) (Nexis) 10 July [He] would without question play football against a tiger snake at Arno Bay and probably outrove the reptile. out-scream v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈskriːm/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈskrim/ ΚΠ a1732 J. Gay Poet. Wks. (1926) 255 Poll, in the uproar, from his cage, With this rebuke out-scream'd her rage. 1851 Fraser's Mag. 44 448 Each trying to outscream, outroar, outbellow and outblaspheme his neighbour. 1992 D. Parish & P. Lancaster Prisoner in Baghdad 139 Tempers flared at the slightest provocation and everyone got in on the act, taking sides and trying to outscream everyone else. out-shout v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈʃaʊt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈʃaʊt/ ΚΠ 1855 J. Brougham Pocahontas ii. i. 24 You'd out-shout the treble baseness of his tenor! 1894 Sat. Rev. 24 Nov. 552/1 They are out-numbered, out-shouted, and out-voiced by pretentious dilettanti, pushing quacks, and dryasdust philologians. 1991 E. Rakowski Equal Justice iii. xii. 293 People are trying to outshout one another for assistance. out-shriek v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈʃriːk/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈʃrik/ ΚΠ 1832 W. Motherwell Caveat to Wind in Poet. Wks. (1849) 95 Go, tear each fluttering rag away, Outshriek the mariner. 1892 Atlantic Monthly Feb. 184/2 Like sopranos and tenors of strong pulmonary powers trying to outshriek the clash and clang of a Wagnerian orchestra. 1999 Los Angeles Mag. (Nexis) 1 May 97 The trek..was grueling. But the primordial vegetation and the howler monkeys outshrieking the parrots made it worth the effort. † out-sigh v. Obsolete ΚΠ a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1956) VIII. 246 To set Christ Jesus before him, to out-sigh him, out-weepe him. 1685 N. Tate Piscatory Eclogues of Sanzarinus ii, in Poems by Several Hands 355 Must I, unpitty'd, on bleak Rocks reside, Out-sigh the Winds, out-swell with Tears the Tide? out-skate v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈskeɪt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈskeɪt/ ΚΠ 1862 Ladies' Repository July 407/1 I can not help wishing that Hetty would not try to out-skate the rough and stronger boys. 1992 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 14 Dec. d 1/1 My game plan is to really try and outskate everybody with a complete package. † out-slander v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1647 F. Wortley Mercurius Britanicus his Welcome to Hell 2 Thou hast out-slander'd slander, and prevail'd. 1867 Felton's Greece, Anc. & Mod. II. 156 Dealing in slander and slang until they have outslandered and outslanged the natural masters of these vulgar arts. out-snore v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈsnɔː/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈsnɔr/ ΚΠ 1616 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Scornful Ladie ii. sig. C4^v He out-snores the Poet. 1706 T. Baker Hampstead Heath iv. ii. 47 To be Under Scavenger, and shovel up the Street Dirt; Head Church-Warden, to out-snore the whole Parish, and pocket the Poor's Money. 1999 Columbus (Ohio) Dispatch (Nexis) 23 Mar. 1 g Someone actually needed a research grant to figure out that men outsnore women? out-speculate v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈspɛkjᵿleɪt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈspɛkjəˌleɪt/ ΚΠ 1848 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. (rev. ed.) vii. i. 384 Those ingenious people..out-bargain them in the market, out-speculate them in the exchange. 1992 Skeptical Inquirer Summer 416/1 Talbot outspeculates both of them by taking their surmises boldly where no man has gone before or will ever go. out-sprint v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈsprɪnt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈsprɪnt/ ΚΠ 1938 Times 25 July 5/1 Pender had struck two even shrewder blows for his side by out-sprinting A. Pennington twice. 1992 Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Jrnl. 23 July c1/1 Mionske..was out-sprinted for a bronze medal in the 1988 Olympics. † out-squall v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1837 B. D. Walsh tr. Aristophanes Knights i. iii, in Comedies 160 I will squall till I outsquall ye! 1840 J. H. Frere Knights 23 I'll out-scream ye and out-squall ye. out-squeal v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈskwiːl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈskwil/ ΚΠ 1850 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis (1885) xxxvii. 362 Two squealing cockatoos, each out-squealing and out-chattering the other. 1995 C. D. Short Shining Shining Path i. 21 He duck-walked the length of the stage, coaxing layer on layer of feedback from his instrument in a futile attempt to outsqueal the frantic fans. out-sting v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈstɪŋ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈstɪŋ/ ΚΠ 1752 E. Young Brothers v. i Demetrius' sigh outstings the dart of death. 1993 N. C. L. Madgett Venom in Remembrances of Spring 85 I have no beauty to combat The beauty of your face; No venom to outsting the venom Of your scarlet lips. out-strut v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈstrʌt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈstrət/ ΚΠ 1690 W. Mountfort Successfull Straingers v. i. 45 Thou shalt..out-strut a Citty-Colonell at the Head of his Regiment. 1848 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. (rev. ed.) vi. i. 310 Striving to outstrut and outswell each other like a couple of belligerent turkeycocks. 1995 Face Aug. 136/3 The scene where Travolta out-struts the competition in the 2001 club remains a defining image of the Seventies. † out-sulk v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1855 C. Kingsley Westward Ho! xxv. 191 The only way to cure her sulkiness was to outsulk her. out-swim v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈswɪm/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈswɪm/ ΚΠ 1603 N. Breton Dialogue Pithe & Pleasure sig. D4^v The Hare will outrunne him, and the Dolphin outswim him. 1854 R. Owen Struct. Skeleton & Teeth in Orr's Circle Sci.: Org. Nature I. 198 It can..outswim the fish. 2002 St. Petersburg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 8 Nov. 5 b If it came right down to it, could you outswim a manatee? out-swindle v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈswɪndl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈswɪnd(ə)l/ ΚΠ 1901 Daily Chron. 13 Apr. 3/3 He..set himself to the task of out-swindling a swindling firm of company promoters. 2002 Kirkus Rev. (Nexis) 15 May A counterfeiter and a con artist are outswindled by Colby's serial sleuth T.C. Brock. † out-testify v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1870 J. Ruskin in Pall Mall Gaz. (1892) 11 Mar. 3/1 What testimonial can I offer to you that will not be a thousand-fold out-testified by the consent of all who know you? out-threaten v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈθrɛtn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈθrɛtn/ ΚΠ 1824 T. Hood Two Swans in New Monthly Mag. 10 146 His ruby eye out-threaten'd Mars. 1991 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 2 Sept. (Sports section) 1 The Vikings..outrushed, outpassed and outthreatened the Bears. out-throb v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈθrɒb/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈθrɑb/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-throb. 1995 M. Amis Information (1996) 119 This fact inflicted a wound that still outthrobbed all others. † out-tinkle v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1876 T. S. Egan tr. H. Heine Atta Troll 211 The earnest tones were..out-tinkled by the bells of humour. out-tower v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈtaʊə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈtaʊ(ə)r/ ΚΠ 1708 Brit. Apollo 18–20 Aug. Some Arrow..Mounts..upwards and out-tow'rs the sight. a1962 E. E. Cummings Structure in Compl. Poems (1994) 352 Stern sexual timelessness, outtowering This noisy impotence of not and same. † out-triple v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1811 L.-M. Hawkins Countess & Gertrude I. ii. 30 Tis easy to triple what has out-tripled itself. † out-tyrannize v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1851 Fraser's Mag. 44 471 Custom out-tyrannizes absolutism. † out-usure v. Obsolete ΚΠ a1631 J. Donne Poems (1633) 330 But these do mee no harme, nor they which use To..out-usure Jewes. 1735 A. Pope Satires of Donne ii, in Wks. II. 38 Out-usure Jews, or Irishmen out-swear. † out-vapour v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1648 Mercurius Melancholicus 28 Aug.–4 Sept. 159 The Land is ours, would Neptune tack about, and pay us homage as a gentle Lout, We would out-vapour hell, and court the high Into a treaty, force his blazing eye. 1840 J. H. Frere Birds 46 Where those earthborn landed Giants Were bullied and out-vapour'd by the gods. † out-vary v. Obsolete ΚΠ a1665 G. Wilde Loves Hospitall (1973) iii. i. 58 Couldst y^u outvary Proteus Ile not change. 1892 Standard 3 Oct. 5/3 The leaves outvary the rainbow. † out-vociferate v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1818 J. Bentham Church-of-Englandism 359 To out-vociferate the cry of Corruption. 1840 J. H. Frere Knights 62 You'll over-bawl him, never fear, and out-vociferate him. out-wait v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈweɪt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈweɪt/ ΚΠ 1616 B. Jonson Epicœne iv. v, in Wks. I. 580 Hee'll watch you this se'n-night but hee'll haue you. Hee'll out-wait a sargeant for you. View more context for this quotation 1777 G. Colman Epicoene v. 300 He'll watch you this se'nnight, but he'll have you: He'll out-wait a serjeant for you. 1992 C. P. Estés Women who run with Wolves vi. 190 She will strenuously outwait, outwit, outrun and outlast whatever is bedeviling her. † out-wake v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1631 B. Jonson New Inne i. vi. 91 And, now, I can out-wake the Nightingale, Out-watch an vsurer, and out-walke him too. 1877 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 10) i. 23 This soul forechosen, long tested,..Outwaked doubt's night. out-waltz v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈwɔːl(t)s/ , /ˌaʊtˈwɒl(t)s/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈwɔl(t)s/ , /ˌaʊtˈwɑl(t)s/ ΚΠ 1880 M. E. Braddon Just as I Am xxi ‘Are you tired?’ asked Morton, when they had out-waltzed the other two for about five minutes. 1990 Record (Nexis) 15 Feb. d1 The biggest titan of all..had just turned 60 but could outwaltz and outlast even the most spirited dancers in the room. out-warble v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈwɔːbl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈwɔrb(ə)l/ ΚΠ 1654 R. Aylett Susanna i. 5 in Divine & Moral Speculations It doth her husbands heart rejoyce, To hear her Lute outwarbled by her voice. 1872 R. Browning Fifine xxxii. 34 What sound out-warbles brook? 2001 Wales on Sunday (Nexis) 27 May 8 The four singers compete in a Mariah Carey soundalike competition to see who can outwarble the others. out-whine v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈwʌɪn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈ(h)waɪn/ ΚΠ 1677 J. Crowne Destr. Jerusalem i. i. 8 He is at once both perjur'd and devout: And does at once both Parties cheat and please, Out-faces us, out-whines the Pharisees. 1849 C. M. Kirkland Dahcotah ii. 60 The girl..stumbles over an unfortunate dog, who commences a horrible barking and whining, tempting all the dogs of the village to out-bark and outwhine him. 2000 Sun Herald (Sydney) (Nexis) 6 Feb. 67 There's so much moaning going on among Sydneysiders about the Olympics, we'd easily outwhine an airport full of jumbo jets. out-whip v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈwɪp/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈ(h)wɪp/ ΚΠ 1892 Pall Mall Gaz. 25 May 6/2 Liberals..contended that it was merely a case of being outwhipped. 1994 Rocky Mountain News (Nexis) 18 Jan. 5 a He can't outwhip me, he can't outtalk me, he can't do anything better than me. † out-whirl v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1742 E. Young Complaint: Night the First 11 To see thy Wheel Of ceaseless change outwhirl'd in human Life. out-whore v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈhɔː/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈhɔr/ ΚΠ 1697 C. Cibber Womans Wit v. 74 He out-does me at my own Weapon, he out-drinks me, out-whores me, out-swears me. 1738 A. Pope One Thousand Seven Hundred & Thirty Eight 7 Ye Gods! shall Cibber's Son, without rebuke Swear like a Lord? or Rich out-whore a Duke? 2001 Guardian (Nexis) 28 Aug. 8 Sixteen cammers will be competing under the..motto: ‘Outpose. Outshine. Outwhore.’ out-wile v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈwʌɪl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈwaɪl/ ΚΠ 1892 Sat Rev. 5 Mar. 276/2 These two outwile the wiliest of the red men. 1990 People (Nexis) 7 May 150 Mercedes outwiled Anne. † out-wish v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1651 T. Stanley Excuse for wishing her Lesse Fair in Poems 10 To wish it had been more, Had been to outwish her store. a1657 R. Loveday Lett. (1663) 26 You have not a friend hath out-gladded me for your well-being, nor out-wish'd me for the continuance. (ii) To get the better of, overpower, or defeat in a direct competition involving the action of the simple verb. See also outbalance v., outbrave v. 2, outjockey v., outmatch v., outrival v. (1) outbargain v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbɑːɡ(ᵻ)n/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbɑrɡən/ ΚΠ 1834 M. Edgeworth Helen II. iii. 57 The two parties..try to outwit or outbargain each other. 1978 Phylon 39 136 Most white families can outbargain most black families when such traditional criteria are employed as family income and material advantages. out-batter v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbatə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbædər/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-batter. 2001 Observer (Nexis) 1 July (Sport section) 3 To outbatter the batterers was stunning. Literally, I suppose if you were in the Aussie shoes. † out-blackguard v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1813 W. Taylor in Monthly Rev. 72 523 Oldham could out-blackguard Pope. † out-bless v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1621–31 W. Laud Seven Serm. (1847) 37 The happy commerce that a Prince hath with his people, when they strive to out-bless one another. 1852 E. G. Holland Highland Treason iv. v. 341 In thine higher powers outlive the stars, Outbloom the violet, outshine the sun, Outflow the rivers, and outbless the spring's Sweet fragrance. out-brawl v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbrɔːl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbrɔl/ , /ˌaʊtˈbrɑl/ ΚΠ 1600 Looke about You sig. B4 Wantons words Quickly can master men, tongues out brawle swords. 1893 Cent. Mag. Dec. 263/2 Out-betting and out-brawling him at the races and the hazard clubs. 2002 Sun (Baltimore) (Nexis) 13 Dec. 1 e Trying to outthink, rather than outbrawl, each other. out-cheat v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈtʃiːt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈtʃit/ ΚΠ ?1655 R. Baron Mirza iv. 105 Greatest deceivers when they me shall know Out-cheat a woman, and a strumpet too. 1918 J. London Water Baby in Cosmopolitan Sept. 85 The longer-tailed ones cheating and stretching in order not to be outcheated and outstretched. 1983 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 70 458 We are told that O'Daniel outcheated Johnson and that buying and stealing of votes was a staple of Texas politics. out-compete v. Brit. /ˌaʊtkəmˈpiːt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtkəmˈpit/ ΚΠ 1873 Appletons' Jrnl. 1 Mar. 315/2 American comedians have out-competed the English on their own ground. 1994 N.Y. Times 27 Sept. c3/1 Some species of plants concentrate their energy on producing structures that equip them to out-compete other species for dominance in a given habitat. † out-compliment v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1702 C. Beaumont J. Beaumont's Psyche (new ed.) xxiii. clxxxi. 354 He..gently strove Her Sorrows Fulness to out-compliment. out-huff v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈhʌf/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈhəf/ ΚΠ 1671 T. Shadwell Humorists iii. 29 He shall not out-huffe me—Look you Sir, I am no man to be frighted, though you look as big as a Dutch Trumpeter. 1698 E. Ward London Spy I. i. 8 He can..out-huff a Bully. 1992 Star Tribune (Minneapolis) (Nexis) 8 Oct. 6 c The Royals outhuffed and outpuffed Richfield 52-34 in a Lake Blue Conference game. † out-mate v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1836 J. Baillie Witchcraft iii. i. 87 Since the pride of your heart so far outmates its generosity. out-strive v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈstrʌɪv/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈstraɪv/ ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > success > mastery or superiority > have or gain mastery or superiority over [verb (transitive)] > overcome or defeat > by other specific means out-strive?1614 to swear downa1616 over-clamour1713 outpsychc1965 ?1614 G. Chapman tr. Homer Odysses i. 2 All the rest that austere Death outstroue..safe anchor'd are. a1693 Z. Boyd Sel. Serm. (1989) vi. 257 Lord, let thy mercies come first vnto vs... Let them..outstrife all thy iudgements. 1898 Westm. Gaz. 24 Feb. 2/3 While giant Titans all the rest outstrove With praises of the New Hyperion. 1950 A. Baltzly & A. W. Salomone in Readings 20th-cent. European Hist. xxxiv. 389 Even before the European chancellories had fully mobilized their diplomatic apparatus to cope with the new crisis, world opinion had outstriven them in a frantic race to take sides in the conflict. 1995 Toronto Star (Nexis) 8 Jan. a12 His mind used to outstrive the rest of him. † out-tease v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa IV. xxiv. 131 The Sex may thank themselves for learning me to out-teaze them. a1859 W. Watt Poems & Songs (1860) 159 The sex, out-teased with spite and spleen, All disappointed, left the scene. (2) out-rebound v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈriːbaʊnd/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈriˌbaʊnd/ Basketball (transitive) to outdo in retrieving balls rebounding after an unsuccessful shot. ΚΠ 1951 N.Y. Times 16 Mar. 36/1 St. Johns was out-shot and out-rebounded by the Ohio Flyers. 1993 Sports Illustr. 7 June 16/2 Seattle did a fine job on the offensive boards—outrebounding the Suns 78–48 in the four games. (iii) To overcome or defeat by the action of the simple verb. (1) † out-baffle v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ a1657 W. Burton Comm. Antoninus his Itinerary (1658) 128 A bold man, that out baffled the then Proprietor here. out-blur v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbləː/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈblər/ ΚΠ 1669 Addr. Hopeful Young Gentry 7 We have no copy left so foul, which too ingeniously transcribing vice do's not every day out-blur. 2001 Chicago Sun-Times (Nexis) 7 Jan. 128 His speed should be registered as a firearm, outblurred..only by his flapping lips. out-buzz v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbʌz/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbəz/ ΚΠ 1824 T. L. Beddoes Let. 9 June in Wks. (1935) 588 The house was about one-third full, and the people all talking, so that there was a buz outbuzzing the Royal Exchange all night. 1880 Ld. Tennyson Columbus 120 The flies at home, that ever swarm about And..murmur down Truth in the distance—these outbuzz'd me. 1960 D. B. W. Lewis One-way Song 76 No bee in his bonnet Outbuzzes any other that lands on it. out-cavil v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkav(ɪ)l/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkæv(ə)l/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-cavil. † out-flout v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1614 T. Jackson Third Bk. Comm. Apostles Creede iii. xxv. §1 As if he meant to outflout the Apostle for prohibiting all besides..Christ Iesus. out-scorn v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈskɔːn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈskɔrn/ ΚΠ 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear viii. 9 To outscorne, The too and fro conflicting wind and raine. View more context for this quotation 1868 C. Lofft Ernest (ed. 2) vii. 161 Outscorning scorn That fain would fasten on their raggedness, By daring of their eye and weather'd brow. a1972 E. Pound Das Babenzorn in Coll. Early Poems (1976) 257 Scorns have I seen but Lady Babchen's scorn Outscorneth all the scorns that I have seen. out-war v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈwɔː/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈwɔr/ (also figurative) ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > victory > make victorious [verb (transitive)] > conquer or overcome overcomeeOE shendc893 awinc1000 overwinOE overheaveOE to lay downa1225 mate?c1225 discomfitc1230 win1297 dauntc1300 cumber1303 scomfit1303 fenkc1320 to bear downc1330 confoundc1330 confusec1330 to do, put arrear1330 oversetc1330 vanquishc1330 conquerc1374 overthrowc1375 oppressc1380 outfighta1382 to put downa1382 discomfortc1384 threshc1384 vencuea1400 depressc1400 venque?1402 ding?a1425 cumrayc1425 to put to (also at, unto) the (also one's) worsec1425 to bring or put to (or unto) utterance1430 distrussc1430 supprisec1440 ascomfita1450 to do stress?c1450 victorya1470 to make (win) a conquest1477 convanquish1483 conquest1485 defeat1485 oversailc1485 conques1488 discomfish1488 fulyie1488 distress1489 overpress1489 cravent1490 utter?1533 to give (a person) the overthrow1536 debel1542 convince1548 foil1548 out-war1548 profligate1548 proflige?c1550 expugnate1568 expugn1570 victor1576 dismay1596 damnify1598 triumph1605 convict1607 overman1609 thrash1609 beat1611 debellate1611 import1624 to cut to (or in) pieces1632 maitrise1636 worst1636 forcea1641 outfight1650 outgeneral1767 to cut up1803 smash1813 slosh1890 ream1918 hammer1948 1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xxiv. 190 b By these captaines shall he outwarre & subdue all the uniuersall kyngdomes of y^e worlde. 1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. xii. 786/2 They desire..not to seeme by sitting still..to haue beene outwarred, though ouer-warred. 1908 J. Payne Last Toast in Carol & Cadence 301 When Love shall be lord In the world outwarred. (2) outslug v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈslʌɡ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈsləɡ/ Sport (chiefly Baseball and Boxing) (transitive) to overpower by superior hitting. ΚΠ 1946 Liberty 15 June 18/2 His magnificent audacity in trying to outslug the Bomber, who outweighed him by more than twenty-five pounds,..made Billy a famous, popular ‘almost was’. 1974 Aiken (S. Carolina) Standard 22 Apr. 2- b/8 The Chicago White Sox outslugged the Kansas City Royals 11–7. 1987 Boxing Scene Sept. 98/1 Baer was outboxed and outslugged by a young Joe Louis. (c) To do more than is required, expected, or customary in respect of the action of the simple verb. (i) † out-calvinize v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1830 Edinb. Rev. 50 336 The absolute decree..is here far out-calvinised. out-pay v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈpeɪ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈpeɪ/ ΚΠ 1733 E. Budgell Bee IV. 519 Half a Crown out-pays his Sweats worth. a1916 J. Todhunter Isolt of Ireland (1927) i. i. 30 Oh, my dear uncle, Your gracious goodness far outpays my worth! † out-please v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1618 T. Adams Happines of Church ii. 432 Hauing a little fed his eye with that, outpleaseth him with a Saphyre. 1767 C. Smart tr. Horace Epistles i. iv, in tr. Horace Wks. (new ed.) IV. 36 Are you now writing to out-please The works of Cassius? † out-practise v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1659 R. Boyle Some Motives & Incentives to Love of God 78 Unlesse we would say, that he Out-practis'd what he Taught. † out-ravish v. Obsolete ΚΠ c1450 (?c1425) St. Mary of Oignies ii. ii, in Anglia (1885) 8 176 While she so oute-rauisshed was, angwysshed wiþ houge desyre. a1687 C. Cotton Poems (1689) 28 And of such a rich perfume, As, to say I dare presume, Will out-ravish and out-wear That of th' fulsome Milliner. 1883 A. Domett Ranolf & Amohia (rev. ed.) I. i. 45 Melodies of such entrancing tone As would outravish all to mortal music known! out-realize v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈrɪəlʌɪz/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈri(ə)ˌlaɪz/ ΚΠ 1806 A. Knox Remains I. 14 St. Paul out-realized this far. 1904 M. Ghose Perseus iv, in Coll. Poems (1970) I. 122 Outrealise her fancy's burning scorn With beauty rude from out the world's fresh prime. † out-resent v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ a1718 W. Penn Tracts in Wks. (1726) I. 900 Some People have out-resented their Wrong so far. (ii) † out-Atlas v. Obsolete rare transitive to weigh down with a greater load than Atlas had to bear. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > difficulty > hindrance > types or manners of hindrance > hinder in specific manner [verb (transitive)] > encumber > burden > excessively overbidc1175 chargea1398 overburden1532 overload1553 overweigh1576 over-Atlas1593 overpoise1599 out-Atlas1603 superonerate1607 overfreight1711 overweight1811 overpress1886 1603 T. Dekker et al. Patient Grissill sig. C2^v If you should beare all the wrongs, you would be out Athlassed. † out-beggar v. [compare beggar v. 2] Obsolete transitive to go far beyond . ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > poverty > make poor or impoverish [verb (transitive)] > make extremely poor or destitute bankrupt?a1625 out-beggar1810 vagrantize1893 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake ii. 75 O! it out-beggars all I lost! 1842 E. S. Wortley Maiden of Moscow 9 His fires out-beggar'd by the blaze Of that bright soul whose thoughts were rays. b. Formed on adjectives. To exceed or surpass in the quality expressed by the adjective. See also to out-old the old, to out-royal royalty at sense 4c(c)(iv). † out-active v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) London 191 No wonder if the Younger out-active those who are more ancient. out-black v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈblak/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈblæk/ ΚΠ 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. iii. 15 Seeing his ink out-black'd with her expression. 1886 Atlantic Monthly Mar. 296/1 There was ne'er a nobler-looking man, for all he might outblack Satan in his soul. 1991 C. Eddy Stairway to Hell 96/1 He paints his face jungle-style, outblacking his minstrel idols. out-game v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɡeɪm/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈɡeɪm/ ΚΠ 1892 N.Y. Times 30 May 2/5 Hall outgamed his opponent and won, 6-0. 1998 Boxing Monthly June 8/1 Some think Holyfield will simply outgame and overwhelm Akinwande. out-grave v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɡreɪv/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈɡreɪv/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-grave. out-guttural v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɡʌt(ə)rəl/ , /ˌaʊtˈɡʌt(ə)rl̩/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈɡədərəl/ ΚΠ 1901 Westm. Gaz. 7 Aug. 2/1 Some Dutch ladies, out-gutturaling even the Swiss themselves. † out-infinite v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1645 T. Fuller Good Thoughts in Bad Times iv. i. 195 Fools..indeavouring to Out-infinite Gods Kindnesse, with their Cruelty. 1655 J. Quarles Gods Love in Divine Meditations i. 6 Let none dispair, for Heav'ns known mercies can Out-infinite the greatest sins of man. out-modern v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈmɒdn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈmɑdərn/ ΚΠ 1922 19th Cent. Apr. 654 The old dog could in truth out-modern the best of them. 1952 Econ. Jrnl. 62 284 Professor Leontief out-moderned the moderns by presenting a case in which the terms of trade changed..in favor of the paying country. 1997 Atlantic Monthly (Nexis) Oct. 108 Many upscale clothing boutiques now outmodern the Modern. Being overtaken by Giorgio Armani and Calvin Klein might cause a museum to worry. out-subtle v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈsʌtl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈsəd(ə)l/ ΚΠ a1625 J. Fletcher Monsieur Thomas (1639) iv. ii. sig. I3^v The Divell I thinke Cannot out subtle thee. 1935 E. R. Eddison Mistress xv. 300 Can the Devil outsubtle you, madonna? † out-swift v. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > move at specific rate [verb (transitive)] > gain (ground) upon > catch up or overtake > outstrip to leave behinda1393 overgoc1425 preventa1500 outgo1530 out-trot1555 outstrip1567 stripa1592 outpacea1596 out-swift1606 to have (also get) the speed ofa1616 outstretcha1642 to give (a person or thing) the go-by1642 to gain bounds of1653 outrace1657 outspeed1661 to cast behind1681 distance1691 belag1721 repass1728 outfoot1740 outdistance1789 fore-reach1803 to have the foot of1832 to run away1843 slip1856 short-head1863 tine1871 forespeed1872 outrate1873 1606 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. (new ed.) ii. iii. 29 Thou that..Out-swifted Arrowes, and out-went the Winde. a1618 J. Sylvester New-polished Spectacles in tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Diuine Weekes & Wks. (1621) 1181 Worldly Pleasures, vain Delights, Far out-swift far sudden flights, Waters, Arrows, and the Windes. c. Formed on nouns. (a) Formed on nouns referring to qualities, actions, or objects: to outdo (a person or thing) in respect of the quality, action or object expressed by the noun. See also outfoot v., outlung v., outlustre v., outnumber v., outrange v., outrate v., out-tongue v. (i) out-anecdote v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈanᵻkdəʊt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈænəkˌdoʊt/ ΚΠ 1856 C. J. Lever Martins of Cro' Martin 203 To out-talk him, out-quote, and out-anecdote him. 1999 Florida Times-Union (Nexis) 30 May f7 Many travel tales, like fishing stories, get a little embellished..as globe trotters try to outanecdote each other at youth hostels and budget cafes around the world. † out-Billingsgate v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1681 E. Hickeringill Char. Sham Plotter in Wks. (1716) I. 219 Dulness and Slander enough to out-Billingsgate Heraclitus Ridens. † out-billow v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1850 J. S. Blackie tr. Æschylus Lyrical Dramas I. 69 High-crested surges of fierce woes, That far out-billow mine. out-colour v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkʌlə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkələr/ ΚΠ 1866 C. W. Hoskyns Occas. Ess. 38 Let the artist dash on his lights and shadows how he may, a real sunset outcolours him. 2002 Gold Coast Bull. (Austral.) (Nexis) 25 Oct. Newlyweds Charles and Tracey..outcoloured..everyone in their multicoloured Versace pants and bright shirts. out-compass v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkʌmpəs/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkəmpəs/ ΚΠ 1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. B1^v Least it should make it swell or outcompasse it selfe. View more context for this quotation 1883 R. Bridges Prometheus 33 Yet since wise guidance with a little means Can more than force unminded, I have skill To conjure evil & outcompass strength. † out-confidence v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1651 Animadversions in C. Love Case 34 Mr. Love did not, could not at his death out-confidence the ordinary sort of Papists, Priests and Jesuits among us, that have from time to time drunk of the same cup with him. out-course v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkɔːs/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkɔrs/ ΚΠ 1887 R. Browning B. de Mandeville x, in Parleyings 47 Eyes that could outcourse The eagle's soaring. 2002 Racing Post (Nexis) 11 Nov. 79 Stour Vale led Wood Limes half a length in the second round, but was outcoursed by his opponent. † out-cricket v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1893 National Observer 14 Oct. 558/2 A Parsee team to outcricket an English eleven! out-crown v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkraʊn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkraʊn/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-crown. † out-duty v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1655 H. Vaughan Silex Scintillans (ed. 2) ii. 14 O let no star compare with thee! Nor any herb out-duty me! † out-faith v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. iv. 109 That good Centurion: who though a Gentile out-faithed Israel itself. out-fame v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈfeɪm/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈfeɪm/ ΚΠ 1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. iv. ii. §21. 207 Those two great Captaines (whom Alexander sought by all meanes to out-fame). 1894 Harper's Mag. May 822/1 Mrs. Stowe, who far outfamed the rest as the author of the most renowned novel ever written. 2002 Slate Mag. (Nexis) 22 Feb. His celebrity girlfriend..outfamed and then dumped him. out-feat v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈfiːt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈfit/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-feat. out-feature v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈfiːtʃə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈfitʃər/ ΚΠ 1929 R. Bridges Test. Beauty i. 714 True beauty of manhood outfeatureth childish charm. 2001 U.S. News & World Rep. 26 Nov. 69/4 Motorola Accompli 009..outfeatures rival smart phones from Samsung and Ericsson. out-figure v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈfɪɡə/ , /ˌaʊtˈfɪɡjʊə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈfɪɡjər/ ΚΠ 1842 Ladies' Repository Feb. 57/2 All outfigures the soldier. He has a complacency—perhaps it is that of acknowledged domination. 2001 World & I (Nexis) 1 Dec. 234 What should a reader expect from the development of a historical novel if he suspects that the novelist sees him as someone to be outfigured, outsmarted, and outplayed? out-flavour v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈfleɪvə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈfleɪvər/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-flavour. 1993 Record (Kitchener-Waterloo, Ont.) (Nexis) 18 Mar. b4 The [ice cream] company also outflavours the competition with some 32 different flavours compared to about five from each of the other major companies. out-gambit v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɡambɪt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈɡæmbət/ ΚΠ 1962 L. Deighton Ipcress File v. 34 I felt tired and out~gambited. out-girth v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɡəːθ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈɡərθ/ ΚΠ 1883 Harper's Mag. Nov. 900/1 The well-set chest outgirths the indifferent one by seldom over three inches. 1999 Weekend Austral. (Nexis) 11 Sept. r1 You cab it to one of those uptown Manhattan addresses where the pavement almost outgirths the street. out-glory v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɡlɔːri/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈɡlɔri/ ΚΠ 1649 R. Lovelace Lucasta: Epodes, Odes, Sonnets, Songs 143 Behold how lightning like a Taper flyes And guilds your Chari't, but ashamed dyes Seeing it selfe out-gloried by your Eyes. 1893 E. Arnold Adzuma iii. iv. 103 I gave you leave to match Your prettiest gowns with Autumn's dying dress, Yet she outglories you. 1993 V. Seth Suitable Boy (U.K. ed.) iii. 159 The three magic letters after his name that indicated that he was a Fellow of the Royal Society outgloried twenty ‘Professors’. out-gorget v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈɡɔːdʒᵻt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈɡɔrdʒət/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-gorget. † out-grain v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1648 J. Beaumont Psyche iii. xlv. 29 She blushed more than they, and of their owne Blush made them all asham'd, to see how farr It was out-blushed and out-grain'd by her. 1876 J. B. L. Warren Soldier of Fortune ii. iii. 110 His lips the tender rose-pale willow-weed, His cheek outgraining the best cheek on all The sunny side of the orchard. out-horror v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈhɒrə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈhɔrər/ ΚΠ 1797 A. M. Bennett Beggar Girl (1813) IV. 125 I am sure I could outhorror the wax all to nothing, if I could but write a little faster, and spell a little better. 1996 Richmond (Va.) Times-Dispatch (Nexis) 7 Sept. f10 From ABC, Stephen King's ‘The Shining,’ one of the longer projects at six hours, hopes to outhorror the 1980 movie version of King's book. † out-hymn v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ a1704 T. Brown Last Observator in Duke of Buckingham Wks. (1705) II. ii. 101 And I'll by far outhymn the fam'd de Foe. † out-impudence v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1837 B. D. Walsh tr. Aristophanes Knights iv. i, in Comedies 244 Confound it, I shall be out-impudenced! out-letter v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈlɛtə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈlɛdər/ ΚΠ 1870 Daily News Nov. 24 In vain they fall back on their pens and indite letters and proclamations, their President out-letters and out-proclaims them. 1991 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 26 June a22/1 Mr. Moynihan, man of letters, has been outlettered. out-light v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈlʌɪt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈlaɪt/ ΚΠ 1648 Earl of Westmorland Otia Sacra 26 Gods Mercy shines 'bove all His works, as farr As doth the Cyprian-Queen out-light a Starr. 2002 Orlando Sentinel (Nexis) 23 Dec. e1 His neighbor..provoked him to further excess by installing 3 enormous, inflatable Christmas figures in his front yard. The two men had not met when their race to outlight each other began. out-lip v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈlɪp/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈlɪp/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-lip. 1999 Sport (Nexis) 1 June 49 He almost blew the audition... But he arrived in time to outlip five other wanna-bes for the $75-a-day fee. † out-long-word v. Obsolete Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1837 M. R. Mitford in A. G. L'Estrange Life M. R. Mitford (1870) III. 71 I..had the glory of out-long-wording both parties. out-luck v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈlʌk/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈlək/ ΚΠ 1847 J. H. Green Gambling Unmasked! (ed. 2) 204 I can beat him playing, but he out-lucks me. 1916 H. Titus I Conquered ix. 119 The hind legs straightened, that mighty force bore on his footing—and the stone slipped. The Captain [sc. a horse] was out~lucked. 1980 R. Mayer 1937 Newark Bears xii. 158 We have outplayed them in half the games they beat us. But we haven't outlucked them. out-machine v. Brit. /ˌaʊtməˈʃiːn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtməˈʃin/ ΚΠ 1942 Ann. Reg. 1941 39 General Wavell had to conduct simultaneously a number of campaigns in each of which he was outnumbered and outmachined. 1983 Production Engin. (Nexis) Dec. 14 To thrive in a low-price market, you must outdesign and outmachine the competition. † out-mantle v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1785 W. Cowper Task v. 680 With poetic trappings grace thy prose Till it outmantle all the pride of verse. out-marvel v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈmɑːvl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈmɑrv(ə)l/ ΚΠ 1858 J. B. Norton Topics for Indian Statesmen 13 The wonderful defence of the house of Arrah..has only been outmarvelled by the defence of the entrenchment at Lucknow. 1906 B. Carman Pipes of Pan V. 79 The miracle of beauty Outmarvelling the flowers. 1999 Time Mag. (Nexis) 8 Nov. 64 We trust that the future will outmarvel the past. out-metaphor v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈmɛtəfə/ , /ˌaʊtˈmɛtəfɔː/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈmɛdəˌfɔr/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-metaphor. 2000 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 12 May (Business section) 3 Not to be outmetaphored, Fitzgerald said authorizing single-stock futures ‘could be the biggest thing to hit Chicago since Sammy Sosa.’ out-million v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈmɪlj(ə)n/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈmɪlj(ə)n/ ΚΠ 1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. xxviii. 130 And every sparkle shivering to new blaze, In number did outmillion the account. 1897 F. Thompson New Poems 69 See..The many-breasted sky out-millioned By the splendours of her vest. 1994 Philadelphia Daily News (Nexis) 21 Jan. 107 CBS lost its 38-year NFL affiliation when it was outmillioned by Fox for the NFC package. out-miracle v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈmɪrᵻkl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈmɪrᵻk(ə)l/ ΚΠ 1833 T. Carlyle Sartor Resartus i. v, in Fraser's Mag. Dec. 670/2 All miracles have been out-miracled: for there are Rothschilds and English National Debts. 1992 Brit. Med. Jrnl. (Nexis) 6 June 1515 The old native medic has..disappeared into the jungle,..having been outmiracled in the eyes of the locals by Campbell's cunning use of Alka Seltzer. out-monster v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈmɒnstə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈmɑnstər/ ΚΠ 1767 H. Hartson Countess of Salisbury v. 64 The earth has teem'd with prodigies, this sure Out-monsters all. 2002 Ventura County Star (Calif.) (Nexis) 4 Oct. e1 In the remake, Fiennes does his level best to outmonster Anthony Hopkins in a creepily fascinating role as Dolarhyde the warped serial killer. out-name v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈneɪm/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈneɪm/ ΚΠ 1619 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Maides Trag. v. sig. L2 Thou hast..found one, to out-name thy other faults. 1980 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 22 July 18 The entire Thai Army of 145,000 is outnamed by the 160,000 Vietnamese forces stationed in Cambodia and Laos. Hanoi's battle-hardened standing army totals 1 million men. † out-nick v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1667 G. Digby Elvira iv. 48 I took my time in th'nick, but she out nick't me. out-night v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈnʌɪt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈnaɪt/ ΚΠ 1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice v. i. 23 I would out-night you did no body come. View more context for this quotation 1701 G. G. Lansdowne Jew of Venice v. i. 40 In such a Night. I would out-Night you. But hark! I hear a footing. 1999 Shakespeare Q. 50 27 The fifth act begins with Lorenzo and Jessica trying to ‘out-night’ one another. † out-ochre v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1833 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 33 846 Our cheeks outochre a sick dandelion. out-passion v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈpaʃn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈpæʃən/ ΚΠ 1887 R. W. Gilder Celestial Passion 23 One sweep of his harp-strings outpassioned the height of your song. 2003 Stratford Beacon Herald (Ont.) (Nexis) 9 Jan. 4 Our men outplayed and outpassioned the Americans. Double hockey gold. † out-poison v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1702 C. Beaumont J. Beaumont's Psyche (new ed.) xi. ccxxiii. 176 A Stink Outpois'ning all the Bane of Thessaly! out-poll v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈpəʊl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈpoʊl/ ΚΠ 1705 M. Henry Wks. (1835) I. 87 If the honour of temperance were to be carried by the major vote..the sober would be out-polled. 1881 A. Austin Savonarola ii. iii. 97 Hence, my friends! We are outpolled; but should it come to blows, Sinews will count, not numbers. 1993 Wall St. Jrnl. (European ed.) 19 Aug. 1/1 Following German reunification, Berlin narrowly outpolled Bonn in a Bundestag vote on where the German government should plant itself for good. out-pomp v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈpɒmp/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈpɑmp/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-pomp. out-price v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈprʌɪs/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈpraɪs/ ΚΠ 1612 J. Davies Muses Sacrifice f. 77 Their Vertues price, that doth out-price the Vice, though more it be. 1988 Artist July 48/4 Unrecognised in his own lifetime, his work now outprices all others. out-privilege v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈprɪv(ᵻ)lɪdʒ/ , /ˌaʊtˈprɪvl̩ɪdʒ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈprɪv(ə)lɪdʒ/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-privilege. out-prodigy v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈprɒdᵻdʒi/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈprɑdədʒi/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-prodigy. out-purple v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈpəːpl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈpərp(ə)l/ ΚΠ 1648 Psyche iii. li She blushed more than they, and of their own Shame made them all asham'd, to see how far It was outpurpled and outgrain'd by Her. 2002 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 27 Nov. f2/3 On the inside, Okinawa sweet potatoes can outpurple an eggplant. out-purse v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈpəːs/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈpərs/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-purse. out-rate v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈreɪt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈreɪt/ ΚΠ c1766 W. Mason Argentile & Curan in Wks. (1811) II. ii. iv. 252 My Liege, ye do out-rate it. 2002 Independent (Nexis) 5 June 30 If the Russian team does not include Anatoly Karpov.., England could outrate them. out-rhetoric v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈrɛtərɪk/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈrɛdərɪk/ ΚΠ 1616 Marine Rec. E. India Co. in Athenæum No. 3604. 711/3 But was presently outrhetorick'd by our new commander. 1922 Blackwood's Mag. Sept. 405/1 [He] was outrhetoricked by Pepwell, who held forth briefly. out-romance v. Brit. /ˌaʊtrə(ʊ)ˈmans/ , /ˌaʊtˈrəʊmans/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˌroʊˈmæns/ , /ˌaʊtˈroʊˌmæns/ ΚΠ 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. viii. 38 Their real sufferings out-Romanced the fictions of many Errant Adventures. 1993 N. Sibum In Laban's Field: Sel. Poems 55 ‘I've been out-romanced in life,’ thought I, Passing the ex-mayor's modest bunker. out-savour v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈseɪvə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈseɪvər/ ΚΠ 1632 P. Massinger & N. Field Fatall Dowry ii. ii. 135 Yet this out-savours wine, and this Perfume. 1991 L. Murray Coll. Poems (rev. ed.) 125 The Day of our peace will need a native Herb that out-savours rosemary. out-scent v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈsɛnt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈsɛnt/ Obsolete ΚΠ 1650 T. Fuller Pisgah-sight of Palestine ii. i. 65 The stench of his hypocrisie out-sented all the smell of his burnt offerings. 1848 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. Jan. 36 Why does..the blooming bean and the new-mown hay outscent all the preparations of the apothecary? out-sentence v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈsɛnt(ə)ns/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈsɛntns/ , /ˌaʊtˈsɛn(t)əns/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-sentence. out-skill v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈskɪl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈskɪl/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-skill. 1998 Independent on Sunday 1 Feb. (Real Life section) 3/3 People tend to surround themselves with people who don't outskill them when they outteam them. out-sonnet v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈsɒnᵻt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈsɑnət/ Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1896 Punch 11 Jan. 15/2 I've out-sonnetted Willy Watson in my Tory-patriot way. out-sound v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈsaʊnd/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈsaʊnd/ ΚΠ a1667 A. Cowley Poet. Revenge in Wks. (1711) III. 46 Where every Tongue's the Clapper of a Mill, And can out-sound Homer's Gradivus. 1871 A. C. Swinburne Songs before Sunrise 118 His spirit outsounding the sea Asks no more witness or warning from temple or tripod or tree. 1987 Amer. Q. 39 456 Like Whitman, McDermott hears the singing outsound the lamentations and dire predictions. † out-sphere v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1865 D. Masson Recent Brit. Philos. 292 Outsphering and transcending each other. out-splendour v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈsplɛndə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈsplɛndər/ ΚΠ 1887 Sells Bros. Show-Bill Outsplendoring and totally obliterating all past records. 1984 Sat. Evening Post (Nexis) July 90 The Mississippi Queen, outsizing and outsplendoring such grand paddlewheelers of early days as the Robert E. Lee and the Joe Fowler. out-stale v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈsteɪl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈsteɪl/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-stale. † out-stall v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1838 S. Bellamy Betrayal 99 Once Authority's high self, above, Its place cathedral did e'en so outstall That not the floor of heaven wide, for Him, Enough was prostrate. out-state v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈsteɪt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈsteɪt/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-state. out-stature v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈstatʃə/ , /ˌaʊtˈstatjə/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈstætʃər/ ΚΠ 1870 E. H. Pember Trag. of Lesbos iv. 73 How very far she doth outstature me. 1992 Seattle Times (Nexis) 2 Oct. b4 The Braves might have been outhit, outstatured and outplayed. out-storm v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈstɔːm/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈstɔrm/ ΚΠ 1647 R. Stapleton tr. Juvenal Sixteen Satyrs 90 Out-storme a tempest. 1777 R. Colvill Atalanta 25 Triton huge, With sounding shell, who bids the ocean rest, Or blows the signal when conflicting deeps Outstorm the winds. 1993 Guardian (Nexis) 31 Aug. 11 As a young editor he outstormed the storm of ‘the Movement’, especially when this group began exhibiting streaks of cruelty to foreigners and Jews. † out-sum v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1796 R. Southey Joan of Arc ii. 70 The prisoners of that shameful day out-summ'd Their victors! 1887 G. Martin Marguerite ii. 40 One honey-dew caress of thine, Out-sums a million rude alarms. † out-superstition v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Lincs. 154 Women out-superstition Men. out-syllable v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈsɪləbl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈsɪləb(ə)l/ ΚΠ a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Warwick 119 This Nation hankered after the Name of Plantagenet, which..did out-syllable Tuthar in the Mouths. 1898 Atlantic Monthly Jan. 137/2 The meaning in the dullest eye outsyllables how far the whole chorushood of stars! 1994 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 24 June (Sports section) 1 It is no longer Navratilova's world when she can be not only be outplayed but also outsyllabled. † out-table v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1850 P. Crook War of Hats 13 And can I brook in prospect of a See, A foreign should out-table me. out-talent v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈtalənt/ , /ˌaʊtˈtaln̩t/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈtælənt/ ΚΠ 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa III. xvi. 100 Out-argued, out-talented. 1985 Representations No. 10. 19 The participants must out-display or out-talent one another. out-taste v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈteɪst/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈteɪst/ ΚΠ 1760 O. Goldsmith in Brit. Mag. Oct. 578/1 Calvert's butt out-tastes champagne. 1992 Chicago Tribune (Nexis) 9 Nov. (Business section) 4 NutraSweet Co. and Cumberland Packing..are hitting the market with new products in a duel to ‘outtaste’ each other. † out-throat v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1593 T. Nashe Christs Teares f. 25 They out-throate me, and put mee downe I cannot be heard. † out-tint v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1797 M. Robinson Walsingham I. 286 The cheek of her ador'd, out-tints the rose. 1866 D. Wingate Annie Weir & Other Poems 107 Bairns in many-coloured duds, Out-tinting e'en the autumn woods. † out-title v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1799 R. Southey in J. W. Robberds Mem. W. Taylor (1843) I. 266 I once computed the titles of both these personages, & the King out-titled the devil. † out-tone v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1878 H. Phillips Poems from Spanish & German 67 Hark! Outtone sweet seraph's lays In the song the earth born raise, And the ear is filled with dread. † out-tongue v. Obsolete ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Othello (1622) i. ii. 21 My seruices which I haue done the Seigniorie, Shall out tongue his complaints. View more context for this quotation 1836 D. P. Brown Prophet of St Paul's iii. iii. 30 The ladies' tongues out-tongued the tongue of time. out-trap v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈtrap/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈtræp/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-trap. out-tun v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈtʌn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈtən/ ΚΠ 1903 N.E.D. at Out- Out-tun. † out-tune v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas III. viii. xi. 350 The nymph..was supplicated to outtune the jingle of the spheres. † out-venom v. Obsolete ΚΠ a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) iii. iv. 35 Whose tongue Out-venomes all the Wormes of Nyle. View more context for this quotation a1895 J. B. L. Warren Orpheus in Hades in Coll. Poems (1903) 368 What scourge from heaven, what scorpion whip of hell Out-venoms my bereavement? out-vigil v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈvɪdʒ(ᵻ)l/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈvɪdʒᵻl/ ΚΠ a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Kent 67 The tender care of King Charles did out-vigil their watchfullness. 1844 Southern Literary Messenger 10 508/1 And there outvigilled all the stars of night, Till Helius illumed the watery deep. 1996 D. Brand In Another Place, not Here (1997) 110 You cannot last, you cannot out-vigil this jumbie, honey. † out-wealth v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1659 J. Gauden Ἱερα Δακρυα ii. xxxi. 253 When they did so much out-wit and out-wealth us! out-weapon v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈwɛp(ə)n/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈwɛpən/ ΚΠ 1886 F. H. Doyle Reminisc. 288 The highwaymen outnumbered and out-weaponed the self-defenders. 1997 Providence (Rhode Island) Jrnl.-Bull. (Nexis) 25 May 1 a We are outnumbered, we are outweaponed. † out-woe v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge ii. iii. sig. E Let none out-woe me: mine's Herculean woe. out-word v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈwəːd/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈwərd/ ΚΠ ?a1640 J. Day & H. Chettle Blind-beggar (1659) v. sig. K l. 186 'Tis my disgrace to be out-worded by a Beggar? 1896 Catholic World Nov. 167 When her charming sisters asseverate their love for Lear with swelling hyperboles, she is too sincere in hers to attempt outwording them. 1995 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 13 July 15/1 Up go the pundits explicating bandits. Clearly outworded, down go the murdered. † out-worth v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII i. i. 123 A Beggers booke, Out-worths a Nobles blood. View more context for this quotation 1877 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 10) xii. 170 Some gift Of art, which shall outworth a nation's debt. (ii) out-age v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈeɪdʒ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈeɪdʒ/ (transitive) to exceed in age. ΚΠ 1803 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) I. 140 I mean mine [sc. pyramids] to outlive and out-age the Egyptian ones! 1996 Times (Nexis) 9 Jan. I do not drive a two-seater now. I wish I could boast that I have outgrown them, but that would not be the truth. The truth is that I have outaged them. † out-bowl v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to exceed in the amount one can drink. ΚΠ 1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir ii. sig. D When I was a Pagan..I durst out-drinke a Lord, but your Christian Lords out-boule me. out-bubble v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈbʌbl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈbəb(ə)l/ (transitive) (a) (of a financial speculation) to exceed in worthlessness or fraudulence; (b) (of wine) to exceed in sparkle. ΚΠ 1897 Westm. Gaz. 17 June 9/1 In many instances those schemes [sc. the financial speculations of the 18th century] are being out-bubbled in the present day. 1975 Economist 4 Jan. 76 Champagne..is on the slide and is being outbubbled by other cheaper sparkling wines; its price could easily fall by 15 to 30% over the next year. † out-tap v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to exceed in the amount one can drink. ΚΠ 1806 Sporting Mag. 27 186 To out-tap his competitor, and drink his neighbours into an opinion of his sobriety. (b) Formed on nouns referring to people or agents: to excel, surpass, or outdo in performing the role of or functions connected with the person or agent specified. See also outfool v., outgeneral v., out-knave v. out-admiral v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈadm(ə)rəl/ , /ˌaʊtˈadm(ə)rl̩/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈædm(ə)rəl/ ΚΠ 1889 H. D. Traill Strafford ii. 18 He returned, outgeneralled and outadmiralled. 1991 Regardie's Mag. (Nexis) Apr. 97 CBS may not have won the ratings battle against CNN, NBC, and ABC, but it certainly outgeneraled and outadmiraled its rivals. out-captain v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkapt(ᵻ)n/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkæpt(ə)n/ ΚΠ 1900 W. E. Henley For England's Sake 18 They have seen themselves out-marched, out-fought, out-captained early and late. 1993 Guardian (Nexis) 22 June 14 England have been outbatted and outbowled, not to mention outfielded and outcaptained. out-devil v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈdɛvl/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈdɛv(ə)l/ ΚΠ a1644 F. Quarles Virgin Widow (1649) i. i. 9 Her impetuous rage Out-devils the whole Academe of Hell. 1883 Contemp. Rev. Sept. 371 A determination not to let myself be out-stared or out~devilled by him. 1980 F. Buechner Godric 11 She could outrun, outjig, outdevil the lads. † out-epicure v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1635 E. Rainbow Labour 25 You shall observe them to out-Epicure the foole in the Gospell. † out-friend v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1615 T. Tomkis Albumazar ii. vii. sig. E2^v She cannot out-loue me, nor you out-friend me. 1773 D. Garrick Albumazar ii. i. 27 She cannot out-love me, nor you out-friend me.] † out-king v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1850 F. S. L. Osgood Poems 310 Then knelt the Earl, but on his knee Outking'd the king before him; And less a subject seem'd than he. 1871 R. Browning Prince Hohenstiel-Schwangau in Wks. (1896) II. 316/2 [You] outking all the Kingly imbeciles. out-lord v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈlɔːd/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈlɔrd/ ΚΠ 1749 A. Hill tr. Voltaire Meropé i. iii. 17 Courage, self-sustain'd, Out-lords Succession's Phlegm—and needs no Ancestors. 1850 H. Melville White-jacket liv. 266 Give the commoners a holiday, and they out-lord the Commodore himself. 1985 Record (Nexis) 1 July b7 Their Wolsey is Paul Meacham, who outlords his lord as the common-born prince of the church who can be icily ferocious to his enemies. † out-paragon v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1822 S. B. H. Judah Odofriede i. i. 14 New formed in some airy mould of angel richness, Whose etherial beauty shall outparagon The fairest sight the earth hath ever gazed on. 1889 Academy 8 June 392/3 A hero who outparagons the Admirable Crichton. out-paramour v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈparəmʊə/ , /ˌaʊtˈparəmɔː/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈpɛrəˌmʊ(ə)r/ , /ˌaʊtˈpɛrəˌmɔr/ ΚΠ 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xi. 82 Wine loued I deeply, dice deerely, and in woman out paromord [1623 out-Paramour'd] the Turke. View more context for this quotation 1757 J. Maclaurin Philosopher's Opera i. 10 The wanton gypsy, not half done, Out-paramours her lover. 1994 P. Muldoon Yarrow in Ann. of Chile 148 And I..outparamoured the Turk In the next room. out-queen v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈkwiːn/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈkwin/ ΚΠ 1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 160 We still, one hour, our royalty retain, To out-queen all in kindness and in care. 1998 Vancouver Sun (Nexis) 28 Mar. a3 Media types were drawn to British actor-turned-Labour MP Glenda Jackson, who outqueened several real ones on TV. † out-rebel v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1647 Earl of Clarendon Contempl. Psalms in Tracts (1727) 452 We may be weary of rebellion, because other men have out-rebelled us. out-rogue v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈrəʊɡ/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈroʊɡ/ ΚΠ 1864 Sat. Rev. 13 Aug. 220/2 Who alone in Europe have the subtlety and craft to outrogue and outwit them. 1999 Atlanta Jrnl.-Constitution (Nexis) 27 Jan. 2 f Montreal knew that both Games would not come to the same country the same year. Montreal out-rogued Vancouver, won the bid. † out-tailor v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1827 Westm. Rev. 7 278 Unless, indeed, some king Brummel..should out-tailor him in power. † out-victor v. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1894 Westm. Gaz. 6 Dec. 3/1 He is a victor who out-victors war And plants his banner on the heights of Peace! out-woman v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈwʊmən/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈwʊmən/ ΚΠ 1838 J. H. Ingraham Burton I. i. v. 81 ‘Hush, boy! your tongue would outwoman them all!’ said the monk. 1990 Vanity Fair (N.Y.) Nov. 76/1 It's when she meets June that she knows she's outwomanned. † out-zany v. Obsolete ΚΠ 1616 B. Jonson Epigrammes cxxix, in Wks. I. 812 Thou dost out-zany Cokely, Pod; nay, Gue: And thine owne Coriat too. (c) In phrases where the compound verb in out- is cognate with its object: to outdo a person or thing in the sphere of action in which they have particular expertise or aptitude, or for which they are renowned; to reach a level of accomplishment in a particular quality or property superior to that normally associated with it.The earliest examples, formed from nouns and verbs, are from Shakespeare. The construction is rare in the 17th and 18th cents, but becomes common from the 19th cent., when phrases formed on adjectives also appear. (i) Formed on verbs, as to out-equivocate equivocation, to outfish fish. ΚΠ 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II v. iii. 107 Our prayers do outpray his. View more context for this quotation 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxiv. 6 My selfe could else outfrowne false Fortunes frowne. View more context for this quotation a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Kent 76 He out-equivocated their equivocation. 1745 E. Young Consolation 114 Till Then, be This, an Emblem of my Grave: Let it out-preach the Preacher. 1783 Morning Herald 15 Dec. 2/3 The sagacious King of Spain..will out-balloon all former ballooners. 1846 C. G. Prowett tr. Æschylus Prometheus Bound 41 A clang out-thundering the thunder-peal. 1960 T. Hughes Lupercal 46 Four-legged yet water-gifted, to outfish fish. 1990 D. Duane Doctor's Orders v. 157 Out-aggress the aggressor, and he falls over and shows you his throat. (ii) Formed on proper names: to outdo a person, nation, or sect in respect of the attribute for which they are renowned, as to out-Nero Nero, to out-Auden Auden. Cf. out-Herod v. See also out-babble v. N.E.D. (1903) remarks: ‘The vast development of this, as of so many other Shakesperian usages, belongs to the 19th cent., in which such expressions have been used almost without limit.’ ΚΠ 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. ii. 14 I would haue such a Fellow whipt for o're-dooing Termagant, it out Herod's Herod [1603 It out, Herodes Herod], pray you auoyde it. 1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. viii. 21 Herein, Morgan, Out-Bonnered even Bonner himself. 1737 Common Sense I. 309 Even to out-bentley Bentley. 1800 J. Wolcot P.S. in Wks. (1812) IV. 338 In his accoutrements out-Alexandering Alexander. 1870 J. R. Lowell Among my Bks. (1873) 1st Ser. 3 He..out-Miltons Milton in artifice of style. 1886 Referee 21 Feb. 7/4 If the Provost-Marshall has..out-Neroed Nero. 1941 P. Larkin Let. 31 Dec. in Sel. Lett. (1992) 29 None of it will be of any value anyway, so it's no use short circuiting myself in an effort to out-Auden Auden or out-Lawrence Lawrence. 1995 Daily Tel. 12 Oct. 6/1 She managed to out-Thatch one of the greatest Thatcherites of them all, the Social Security Secretary, Peter Lilley. (iii) Formed on common nouns, as to out-villain villainy, to out-infidel the infidel. ΚΠ 1612 J. Davies Muses Sacrifice f. 113^v So hath a Painter licence too, to paint A Saint-like face, till it the Saint out saint. a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) iv. iii. 276 He hath out-villain'd villanie so farre, that the raritie redeemes him. View more context for this quotation 1781 S. Peters Gen. Hist. Connecticut 71 My answer is, that those Puritans were weak men in Old England, and strong in New England, where they out-pop'd the Pope, out-king'd the King, and out-bishop'd the Bishops. 1817 S. Beazley My Uncle 24 Permit me to express my joy, my gratitude, my pleasure, at the first sight of an Uncle, who has out-Uncled all other Uncles, in his goodness to his nephews. 1828 Examiner 790/2 Here was balderdash out~balderdashed. 1876 L. Stephen Hist. Eng. Thought 18th Cent. I. 114 An attempt to out-infidel the infidel. a1918 W. Owen Coll. Poems (1963) 53 The few who rushed in the body to enter hell, And there out-fiending all its fiends and flames With superhuman inhumanities. 1993 Coloradoan (Fort Collins) 24 Jan. e 1/1 The danger is that President Clinton will overcompensate for his perceived shortcomings—he will out-hawk the hawks and schmooze the brokers. (iv) Formed on adjectives, as to out-old the old, to out-modern the moderns, to out-royal royalty. ΚΠ 1884 Ld. Tennyson Becket Prol. 20 A beggar on horseback, with the retinue of three kings behind him, outroyalling royalty. 1886 Homilet. Rev. (U.S.) Jan. 13 They propose to out-old the old, by going back to the early Greek theology. 1935 Amer. Speech 10 192/2 She out-moderns the moderns in a frock that is made for cocktailing. 5. Forming compound verbs in out- in other ways. †a. Negating the sense of the simple verb: into the open or into view, reversing a previous act of concealment (= un-); into extinction, reversing earlier growth. Obsolete. † outhele v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to uncover. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or thrust with sword > strike with sword [verb (transitive)] > draw (sword) abraidOE braidOE adrawlOE drawlOE ydrawlOE out-braidc1330 outsheatha1400 undrawc1400 outhelea1500 unsheathea1542 nake1607 unscabbard1611 dissheathe1614 dismounta1616 a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) xxxiv. 3 Outhell þe swerd, and louk agayns thaim that folus me. † outsheath v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to unsheath. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > operation and use of weapons > cut of sharp weapon > cut or thrust with sword > strike with sword [verb (transitive)] > draw (sword) abraidOE braidOE adrawlOE drawlOE ydrawlOE out-braidc1330 outsheatha1400 undrawc1400 outhelea1500 unsheathea1542 nake1607 unscabbard1611 dissheathe1614 dismounta1616 a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) xxxvi. 14 in C. Horstmann Yorkshire Writers (1896) II. 168 Swerde outscheþed sinne doande. † outthrive v. Obsolete rare (intransitive) to cease to thrive. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > adversity > be in adversity [verb (intransitive)] > fail to prosper or thrive > cease to thrive outthrivec1475 c1475 Advice to Lovers in J. O. Halliwell Select. Minor Poems J. Lydgate (1840) 28 And than [he] outhryvethe Fro worldly joye. †b. With out- in place of Latin ex-, e-, in translations from Latin, as outcorporate, outsturb, outvirtuate. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > upset or perturb [verb (transitive)] to-wendc893 mingeOE dreveOE angerc1175 sturb?c1225 worec1225 troublec1230 sturble1303 disturbc1305 movea1325 disturblec1330 drubblea1340 drovec1350 distroublec1369 tempestc1374 outsturba1382 unresta1382 stroublec1384 unquietc1384 conturb1393 mismaya1400 unquemea1400 uneasec1400 discomfita1425 smite?a1425 perturbc1425 pertrouble?1435 inquiet1486 toss1526 alter1529 disquiet1530 turmoil1530 perturbate1533 broil1548 mis-set?1553 shake1567 parbruilyiec1586 agitate1587 roil1590 transpose1594 discompose1603 harrow1609 hurry1611 obturb1623 shog1636 untune1638 alarm1649 disorder1655 begruntlea1670 pother1692 disconcert1695 ruffle1701 tempestuate1702 rough1777 caddle1781 to put out1796 upset1805 discomfort1806 start1821 faze1830 bother1832 to put aback1833 to put about1843 raft1844 queer1845 rattle1865 to turn over1865 untranquillize1874 hack1881 rock1881 to shake up1884 to put off1909 to go (also pass) through a phase1913 to weird out1970 the world > existence and causation > existence > materiality > immateriality > immaterial [verb (transitive)] > render immaterial > spiritualize > disembody outcorporatea1382 uncorsec1470 unbody1548 disbody1647 disembody1715 unhool1722 disflesh1865 disincarnate1880 a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) Josh. vii. 25 For þou hast disturbid vs, outsturbe [a1425 Corpus Oxf. out stourbe; a1425 L.V. disturble; L. exturbet] þe þe lord. 1559 P. Morwyng tr. C. Gesner Treasure of Euonymus Pref. Arnold calleth Exvirtuare to outverteuat, Excorporare to outcorporate. c. Forming verbs (chiefly ad hoc formations) from nouns with various senses: to put out of (a mental state); to force out; to drive out by means of; to deprive of. † outfinger v. Obsolete (transitive) to open the fingers of (a hand).Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > posture > position of specific body parts > position specific body part [verb (transitive)] > arms or hands > specific hand clutch1609 span1676 unweave1863 outfinger1880 strain1888 tent1966 steeple1968 1880 G. Meredith Tragic Comedians II. iii. 34 The pen fell from her hand outfingered in loathing. † outfolio v. Obsolete (transitive) to drive out with folios.Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1847 Duke of Wellington in R. C. Winthrop Reminisc. Foreign Trav. (1894) 16 These huge Parliamentary Reports..will soon outfolio us out of our houses and homes. † outgauge v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to throw out of gauge or proportion. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > misshapenness > put out of shape [verb (transitive)] > make asymmetrical or out of proportion disproportiona1616 outgauge1891 1891 Pall Mall Gaz. 7 Dec. 3/1 Mr. Kipling out-gauged whatever he touched. † out-grandfather v. Obsolete (transitive) to do out of a grandfather.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > grandparent > be a grandparent [verb (transitive)] > deprive of a grandfather out-grandfather1747 1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. xiii. 78 This little Syren is in a fair way to out-uncle, as well as out-grandfather us both! out-heart v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈhɑːt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈhɑrt/ (transitive) to put out of heart, dishearten. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > make dejected [verb (transitive)] drearya1300 discomfortc1325 batec1380 to cast downa1382 to throw downa1382 dullc1386 faintc1386 discomfita1425 discourage1436 sinkc1440 mischeera1450 discheerc1454 amatea1500 bedowa1522 damp1548 quail1548 dash1550 exanimate1552 afflict1561 dank1565 disanimate1565 sadden1565 languish1566 deject1581 dumpc1585 unheart1593 mope1596 chill1597 sour1600 disgallant1601 disheart1603 dishearten1606 fainten1620 depress1624 sullen1628 tristitiate1628 disliven1631 dampen1633 weigh1640 out-spirit1643 dispirit1647 flat1649 funeralize1654 hearta1658 disencourage1659 attrist1680 flatten1683 dismalizec1735 blue-devil1812 out-heart1845 downweigh1851 to get down1861 frigidize1868 languor1891 downcast1914 neg1987 1845 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 235 Mastering all, Save one thing—love, and that out-hearted him. 1996 Daily News (N.Y.) (Nexis) 28 Jan. 19 Outnumbered, outclassed. But never outhearted. † out-nose v. Obsolete (transitive) to put out the nose of.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > shame [verb (transitive)] > abash abashc1384 rebash?1473 to put out of countenancec1500 to dash (a person) out of countenance (conceit, courage)1530 deface1537 dash1570 discountenance1584 disgrace1607 debash1610 out-nose1624 to put out of face1821 1624 F. Quarles Job Militant in Divine Poems (1717) 155 That done, h' enjoys the crown of all his labour, Could he but once out-nose his right-hand neighbour. † out-patience v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to put out of patience. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > irritate [verb (transitive)] > put out of patience move1597 out-patience1892 1892 Harper's Mag. Feb. 394/2 Thou dost outpatience me! † outpeople v. Obsolete rare (transitive) to empty (a country) of people, to carry the people out of. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > empty (a country) of people outpeoplea1557 a1557 J. Cheke tr. Gospel St. Matthew (1843) i. 11 Josias begot Jechoni and his brethern in y^e outpeopling of y^e contree to Babylon. out-spirit v. Brit. /ˌaʊtˈspɪrɪt/ , U.S. /ˌaʊtˈspɪrᵻt/ (transitive) to put out of spirits, to dispirit. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > dejection > make dejected [verb (transitive)] drearya1300 discomfortc1325 batec1380 to cast downa1382 to throw downa1382 dullc1386 faintc1386 discomfita1425 discourage1436 sinkc1440 mischeera1450 discheerc1454 amatea1500 bedowa1522 damp1548 quail1548 dash1550 exanimate1552 afflict1561 dank1565 disanimate1565 sadden1565 languish1566 deject1581 dumpc1585 unheart1593 mope1596 chill1597 sour1600 disgallant1601 disheart1603 dishearten1606 fainten1620 depress1624 sullen1628 tristitiate1628 disliven1631 dampen1633 weigh1640 out-spirit1643 dispirit1647 flat1649 funeralize1654 hearta1658 disencourage1659 attrist1680 flatten1683 dismalizec1735 blue-devil1812 out-heart1845 downweigh1851 to get down1861 frigidize1868 languor1891 downcast1914 neg1987 1643 P. Nye Serm. in J. Kerr Covenants & Covenanters (1895) 148 You will be outspirited and both you and Your cause slighted. 1997 Ottawa Citizen (Nexis) 20 Feb. d1 The Mexicans were outmatched but not outspirited. † out-uncle v. Obsolete (transitive) to do out of an uncle.Apparently an isolated use. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > uncle > [verb (transitive)] > deprive of an uncle out-uncle1747 1747 S. Richardson Clarissa I. xiii. 78 This little Syren is in a fair way to out-uncle, as well as out-grandfather us both! This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < prefix?a1200
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