barberryn.

Brit.

/ˈbɑːb(ə)ri/, U.S.

/ˈbɑrˌbɛri/

Forms:

α. late Middle English–1500s barbere, 1500s–1600s barberrie, 1500s–1600s barberye, 1500s–1700s barberie, 1500s–1700s barbery, 1500s–1800s barbary, 1600s barberri, 1600s– barberry.

β. 1500s berbere, 1500s berberye, 1500s–1700s berberie, 1500s–1700s berbery, 1600s berberrie, 1600s– berberry.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin berberis, barbaris.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin berberis (11th cent.; from 13th cent. in British sources; also barbaris (1440 in Promptorium Parvulorum): see note), with subsequent folk-etymological assimilation to berry n.¹ (compare bearberry n. 1). Compare earlier barbaryn n.², and later Berberis n.Post-classical Latin berberis, barbaris is < Arabic barbārīs (13th cent.), shortened < ambarbārīs (12th cent. or earlier; probably a loanword). Compare Middle French berbere, Middle French berberis, French berbéris (mid 16th cent.), Spanish berberís (a1325), Italian berbero (14th cent. as berberi). N.E.D. (1885) enters this under the double headword barberry, berberry and gives the pronunciations (bā·ɹbĕri, bə̄·ɹbĕri) /ˈbɑːbərɪ/, /ˈbɜːbərɪ/.

1. A spiny shrub native to Europe and North America, Berberis vulgaris, having yellow wood and pendulous racemes of small yellow flowers, followed by oblong red berries with acid flesh. Also more widely: any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Berberis, of which several American and Asian species are widely cultivated as ornamental shrubs.Quot. c1475 may represent the synonymous berber n.¹

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible berries > barberry bush

barbarync1400

barberryc1420

berbera1500

pipperidge1538

St John's berry1561

barberry-bush1578

bearberry1625

barberry-tree1813

berberid1847

jaundice-berry1858

agarita1891

c1475 (a1400) Awntyrs Arthure (Taylor) in J. Robson Three Early Eng. Metrical Romances (1842) 3 Vndur a lefe sale, Of box and of barbere [?a1425 Lamb. berber, c1440 Thornton Barborane], byggyt ful bene.

1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. E.viii. Berberies growe wylde in the hedges and woddes in Germany, but in Englande onely in gardines.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 684 The leaues and fruite of Barberies are of complexion colde.

1726 R. Bradley New Improvem. Planting & Gardening (ed. 5) 209 The Barberry is a pleasant Shrub, bearing beautiful Branches of yellow Flowers in the Spring, and no less delightful Clusters of red Berries towards the Autumn.

1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 31 The spines of the common Berberry are a curious state of leaf, in which the parenchyma is displaced, and the ribs have become indurated.

1872 D. Oliver Lessons Elem. Bot. (new ed.) ii. 131 In most of the species of Barberry the terminal leaflet only is developed.

1946 Kew Bull. 1 59 It [sc. the star acacia] is not so stockproof as barberry and boxthorn and needs regular trimming to prevent legginess at the base.

2004 Nat. New Eng. Winter 8/3 Barberry and other bird-dispersed, invasive shrubs..are transforming areas of forest understory and riverbanks..into monocultures.

2. The edible berry of this shrub.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > berry > [noun] > barberry

bulberiea1450

barberry1541

agarita1891

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > edible berries > barberry

bulberiea1450

barberry1541

St John's berry1561

?1537 T. Elyot Castell of Helthe iii. vi. f. 58^verso Digestiues of choler. Endyue. Lettyse... Barberyes.

1591 J. Hester tr. J. Du Chesne True Spagerike Prepar. Minerals vii, in tr. J. Du Chesne Breefe Aunswere Expos. I. Aubertus f. 33 The iuice of Lemondes and Barberes.

1625 Althorp MS in J. N. Simpkinson Washingtons Introd. 62 Lumpe sugar for conserve of barbaries.

1707 H. Sloane Voy. Islands I. 102 Berries oblong, red at first, and afterwards blackish,..the whole looking like a String of Berberies.

1796 Glasse's Art of Cookery (new ed.) v. 79 Garnish with barberries and lemon.

1864 W. H. Ainsworth Tower of London 85 A piquant sauce of oiled butter and barberries.

1973 C. A. Wilson Food & Drink in Brit. (1991) ii. 53 Currants and prunes were abandoned in favour of gooseberries, grapes or barberries, added towards the end of the cooking time.

2008 S. Faulks Devil may Care viii. 99 ‘Javaber polow,’ said Darius. ‘Jewelled rice. The layers are orange peel, saffron, barberries and—I forget what else.’

Compounds

C1. General use as a modifier, as in barberry bush, barberry tree, etc.

ΘΚΠ

barbarync1400

barberryc1420

berbera1500

pipperidge1538

St John's berry1561

barberry-bush1578

bearberry1625

barberry-tree1813

berberid1847

jaundice-berry1858

agarita1891

1538 T. Elyot Dict. Pyxacantha, & Pyxacanthos, a Berberye tree.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 684 With the greene leaues of the Barberie bush they make sawce to eate with meates.

1654 T. Barker Country-mans Recreation 19 There be many other kind of Bush-trees, which will grow of Cions prickt in the ground, as the Gooseberry-tree, the small Raisin-tree, the Berberrie-tree, the Black Thorne-tree.

1789 J. Woodforde Diary 14 July (1927) III. 121 We had..Currant and Apricot Tarts, Barberry Tarts and Custards.

1839 W. B. Stonehouse Hist. Isle of Axholme 353 An old barbary tree.

1855 H. W. Longfellow Hiawatha Introd. 8 The tangled barberry-bushes Hang their tufts of crimson berries.

1914 J. P. Howard Charles Stewart Parnell ii. i. 178 He had toast, usually of oatmeal bread, and very often barberry jelly.

1946 A. Nelson Princ. Agric. Bot. xxv. 502 The part involved in black or yellow rust may be seen in the upper surface of the barberry leaf as a small flask-shaped structure sunk in the leaf tissue.

2010 Sci. News 25 Sept. 24/1 From 1918 through 1975 more than 100 million barberry bushes were eradicated in the United States alone in an effort to eliminate stem rust's seasonal home.

C2.

barberry carpet n. (in full barberry carpet moth) a light brown geometrid moth of Europe and north and west Asia, Pareulype berberata, whose larvae feed on the barberry.

1810 E. Donovan Nat. Hist. Brit. Insects XIV. 66 We have named it the Barberry Moth, in allusion to the plant on which the larva usually feeds.]

1832 J. Rennie Conspectus Butterflies & Moths Brit. 122 The Barberry Carpet (A. Berberata, Stephens) appears the middle of June.

1992 Independent 24 Aug. 5/6 The Barberry Carpet moth, Pareulype berberata, used to be common in many parts of Britain until farmers began to rid their hedges of barberry because this shrub harbours the wheat rust fungus which spoils crops.

2021 Gloucestershire Echo (Nexis) 11 Mar. 12 The barberry carpet moth was once found across Britain, but now it is believed there are around just 12 colonies of the species left.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2022).

单词	barberry
释义	barberryn. Brit. /ˈbɑːb(ə)ri/, U.S. /ˈbɑrˌbɛri/ Forms: α. late Middle English–1500s barbere, 1500s–1600s barberrie, 1500s–1600s barberye, 1500s–1700s barberie, 1500s–1700s barbery, 1500s–1800s barbary, 1600s barberri, 1600s– barberry. β. 1500s berbere, 1500s berberye, 1500s–1700s berberie, 1500s–1700s berbery, 1600s berberrie, 1600s– berberry. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin berberis, barbaris. Etymology: < post-classical Latin berberis (11th cent.; from 13th cent. in British sources; also barbaris (1440 in Promptorium Parvulorum): see note), with subsequent folk-etymological assimilation to berry n.¹ (compare bearberry n. 1). Compare earlier barbaryn n.², and later Berberis n.Post-classical Latin berberis, barbaris is < Arabic barbārīs (13th cent.), shortened < ambarbārīs (12th cent. or earlier; probably a loanword). Compare Middle French berbere, Middle French berberis, French berbéris (mid 16th cent.), Spanish berberís (a1325), Italian berbero (14th cent. as berberi). N.E.D. (1885) enters this under the double headword barberry, berberry and gives the pronunciations (bā·ɹbĕri, bə̄·ɹbĕri) /ˈbɑːbərɪ/, /ˈbɜːbərɪ/. 1. A spiny shrub native to Europe and North America, Berberis vulgaris, having yellow wood and pendulous racemes of small yellow flowers, followed by oblong red berries with acid flesh. Also more widely: any of various shrubs or small trees of the genus Berberis, of which several American and Asian species are widely cultivated as ornamental shrubs.Quot. c1475 may represent the synonymous berber n.¹ ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible berries > barberry bush barbarync1400 barberryc1420 berbera1500 pipperidge1538 St John's berry1561 barberry-bush1578 bearberry1625 barberry-tree1813 berberid1847 jaundice-berry1858 agarita1891 c1475 (a1400) Awntyrs Arthure (Taylor) in J. Robson Three Early Eng. Metrical Romances (1842) 3 Vndur a lefe sale, Of box and of barbere [?a1425 Lamb. berber, c1440 Thornton Barborane], byggyt ful bene. 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. E.viii. Berberies growe wylde in the hedges and woddes in Germany, but in Englande onely in gardines. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 684 The leaues and fruite of Barberies are of complexion colde. 1726 R. Bradley New Improvem. Planting & Gardening (ed. 5) 209 The Barberry is a pleasant Shrub, bearing beautiful Branches of yellow Flowers in the Spring, and no less delightful Clusters of red Berries towards the Autumn. 1830 J. Lindley Introd. Nat. Syst. Bot. 31 The spines of the common Berberry are a curious state of leaf, in which the parenchyma is displaced, and the ribs have become indurated. 1872 D. Oliver Lessons Elem. Bot. (new ed.) ii. 131 In most of the species of Barberry the terminal leaflet only is developed. 1946 Kew Bull. 1 59 It [sc. the star acacia] is not so stockproof as barberry and boxthorn and needs regular trimming to prevent legginess at the base. 2004 Nat. New Eng. Winter 8/3 Barberry and other bird-dispersed, invasive shrubs..are transforming areas of forest understory and riverbanks..into monocultures. 2. The edible berry of this shrub. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > berry > [noun] > barberry bulberiea1450 barberry1541 agarita1891 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > edible berries > barberry bulberiea1450 barberry1541 St John's berry1561 ?1537 T. Elyot Castell of Helthe iii. vi. f. 58^verso Digestiues of choler. Endyue. Lettyse... Barberyes. 1591 J. Hester tr. J. Du Chesne True Spagerike Prepar. Minerals vii, in tr. J. Du Chesne Breefe Aunswere Expos. I. Aubertus f. 33 The iuice of Lemondes and Barberes. 1625 Althorp MS in J. N. Simpkinson Washingtons Introd. 62 Lumpe sugar for conserve of barbaries. 1707 H. Sloane Voy. Islands I. 102 Berries oblong, red at first, and afterwards blackish,..the whole looking like a String of Berberies. 1796 Glasse's Art of Cookery (new ed.) v. 79 Garnish with barberries and lemon. 1864 W. H. Ainsworth Tower of London 85 A piquant sauce of oiled butter and barberries. 1973 C. A. Wilson Food & Drink in Brit. (1991) ii. 53 Currants and prunes were abandoned in favour of gooseberries, grapes or barberries, added towards the end of the cooking time. 2008 S. Faulks Devil may Care viii. 99 ‘Javaber polow,’ said Darius. ‘Jewelled rice. The layers are orange peel, saffron, barberries and—I forget what else.’ Compounds C1. General use as a modifier, as in barberry bush, barberry tree, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular fruit-tree or -plant > [noun] > tree or plant producing edible berries > barberry bush barbarync1400 barberryc1420 berbera1500 pipperidge1538 St John's berry1561 barberry-bush1578 bearberry1625 barberry-tree1813 berberid1847 jaundice-berry1858 agarita1891 1538 T. Elyot Dict. Pyxacantha, & Pyxacanthos, a Berberye tree. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 684 With the greene leaues of the Barberie bush they make sawce to eate with meates. 1654 T. Barker Country-mans Recreation 19 There be many other kind of Bush-trees, which will grow of Cions prickt in the ground, as the Gooseberry-tree, the small Raisin-tree, the Berberrie-tree, the Black Thorne-tree. 1789 J. Woodforde Diary 14 July (1927) III. 121 We had..Currant and Apricot Tarts, Barberry Tarts and Custards. 1839 W. B. Stonehouse Hist. Isle of Axholme 353 An old barbary tree. 1855 H. W. Longfellow Hiawatha Introd. 8 The tangled barberry-bushes Hang their tufts of crimson berries. 1914 J. P. Howard Charles Stewart Parnell ii. i. 178 He had toast, usually of oatmeal bread, and very often barberry jelly. 1946 A. Nelson Princ. Agric. Bot. xxv. 502 The part involved in black or yellow rust may be seen in the upper surface of the barberry leaf as a small flask-shaped structure sunk in the leaf tissue. 2010 Sci. News 25 Sept. 24/1 From 1918 through 1975 more than 100 million barberry bushes were eradicated in the United States alone in an effort to eliminate stem rust's seasonal home. C2. barberry carpet n. (in full barberry carpet moth) a light brown geometrid moth of Europe and north and west Asia, Pareulype berberata, whose larvae feed on the barberry. Π 1810 E. Donovan Nat. Hist. Brit. Insects XIV. 66 We have named it the Barberry Moth, in allusion to the plant on which the larva usually feeds.] 1832 J. Rennie Conspectus Butterflies & Moths Brit. 122 The Barberry Carpet (A. Berberata, Stephens) appears the middle of June. 1992 Independent 24 Aug. 5/6 The Barberry Carpet moth, Pareulype berberata, used to be common in many parts of Britain until farmers began to rid their hedges of barberry because this shrub harbours the wheat rust fungus which spoils crops. 2021 Gloucestershire Echo (Nexis) 11 Mar. 12 The barberry carpet moth was once found across Britain, but now it is believed there are around just 12 colonies of the species left. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2022). < n.c1475
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