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单词 on and off
释义

on and offadv.adj.n.

Brit. /ˌɒn ən(d) ˈɒf/, U.S. /ˈɑn ən(d) ˈɔf/, /ˈɔn ən(d) ˈɔf/, /ˈɑn ən(d) ˈɑf/
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: on adv., and conj.1, off adv.
Etymology: < on adv. + and conj.1 + off adv. Compare earlier off and on adv.
A. adv.
1. = off and on adv. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > frequency > infrequency > [adverb] > intermittently
by (formerly also at) startsc1422
startmeal?c1422
off and on1535
every otherwhile1542
by, or in, snatches1577
by fits and turns1583
by halves and fits1583
one time with another1591
fit-meal1593
by fits and spurts1605
planetarily?1609
scatteredly1612
startinglya1616
by snaps1631
intermittingly1654
from space to space1658
on and off1668
at (by) intervals1744
cessantly1746
by spells1788
fitfully1792
by fits and spasms1797
everylikea1800
intermittently1800
intermittedly1829
interjectionally1837
jerkily1839
at seasons1850
sporadically1852
parenthetically1860
spasmodically1877
snatchily1880
variously1892
1668 F. Kirkman Eng. Rogue II. Pref. 11 I have been now above twelve years, on and off, a professed Practitioner [of bookselling].
1691 T. Southerne Sir Anthony Love (end matter) 79 O! wou'd our peaceful days were come agen; Then I might act it, on and off, a Queen.
1795 M. P. Andrews & F. Reynolds Mysteries of Castle ii. v. 56 That fellow, and his friend Carlos, have been my torment these five years, on and off.
1859 Times 21 Mar. 11/4 The prosecutor stated that he had employed the prisoner on and off for nine years.
1865 ‘L. Carroll’ Alice's Adventures in Wonderland vi. 80 I shall sit here..on and off, for days and days.
1892 Times (Weekly ed.) 21 Oct. 7/3 [He] had lived with her on and off since that time.
1939 W. Saroyan Peace, it's Wonderful 108 Working on trains, or leastaways near them, on and off most of my life since I was eighteen.
1966 Listener 13 Jan. 67/3 Vermeer was at Delft the whole time, and Steen was at Delft on and off in the sixteen-fifties.
1988 M. Chabon Myst. Pittsburgh xviii. 179 She cried on and off for the rest of the day.
2001 K. Sampson Outlaws (2002) 69 It's a downer and it does get to us on and off, depression and that.
2. Nautical. = off and on adv. 2. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > direct or manage ship [phrase] > away from and towards the shore
off and on1578
on and off1748
1748 B. Robins & R. Walter Voy. round World by Anson ii. v. 175 Plying on and off till the 6th of October.
1938 Motor Boating Feb. 14/1 In 1910, I was a member of the crew of the two-masted schooner Sada... For five hours we stood on and off. I could see the lights of my own house and I was anxious to get home.
3. When riding: by leaping on and then off an obstacle, rather than in a single jump (figurative in quot. 1855). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1855 R. Browning Bishop Blougram 789 It shoots..Halfway into the next still, on and off!
1877 R. E. Egerton-Warburton Hunting Songs 104 They may jump on and off o'er the broken stone heap, In triangular fenders find timber to leap.
1881 E. D. Brickwood in Encycl. Brit. XII. 197/2 Hedges on banks..are usually of such a size as to make flying them impossible, or at least undesirable. Horses jump them on and off.
B. adj.
Now usually hyphenated. = off and on adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [adjective]
unfastc888
unstathelfasteOE
unsteadfasta1200
fleeting?c1225
changeablea1275
ficklea1275
unstablec1290
waveringc1315
flickerc1325
loose in the haftc1325
motleyc1380
unsadc1384
variablea1387
variantc1386
ticklec1400
inconstant1402
flitting1413
brittle1420
plianta1425
mutablec1425
shittle1440
shittle-witted1448
moonishc1450
unconstant1483
unfirm1483
varying?a1500
pliablea1513
fluctuant1575
changeling1577
shittle-headed1580
cheverel1583
off and on1583
chameleon-like1589
changeful1590
limber1602
unsteady1604
ticklish1606
skittish1609
startling1619
labile1623
uncertaina1625
cheverelized1625
remuant1625
fluctuate1631
fluctuary1632
various1636
contrarious1643
epileptical1646
fluxilea1654
shittle-braineda1655
multivolent1656
totter-headed1662
on and off1668
self-inconsistent1678
weathercocka1680
whifflinga1680
versatile1682
veering1684
fast and loose1697
inconsistent1709
insteadfast1728
unfixing1810
unsteadied1814
chameleonic1821
labefact1874
ballastless1884
weathercocky1886
whiffle-minded1902
1668 J. Denham Poems I. 54 Amongst the Roar of these, and the mad shout Of a poor nothing understanding Rout, That think the On-and-Off-Peace now is true.
1859 R. E. Egerton-Warburton Hunting Songs (new ed.) 100 Which method best insures us from a fall, The Chester on-and-off step, or the Leicester, clearing all?
1874 A. Trollope Phineas Redux II. xxxiv. 278 [The engagement] was off and on, and on and off, and he was in a most wretched condition.
1904 Westm. Gaz. 13 Jan. 2/3 The buyer resented this on-and-off policy.
1965 T. Capote In Cold Blood (1966) i. 4 She had been an on-and-off psychiatric patient the last half-dozen years.
1985 L. Blue Kitchen Blues 76 I am an on-and-off sort of semi-vegetarian.
1999 E. Afr. Standard (Nairobi) 28 July (Midweek section) 3/4 His father does on and off woodwork to earn an income.
C. n.
A putting on and taking off; an instance of something being turned on and off; intermittent action. In quot. 1852: a fence to be jumped ‘on and off’ by a rider.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > ceasing > temporary cessation of activity or operation > temporarily inactive [phrase] > intermittent action
on and off1839
1839 H. F. Gould Poems II. 7 At length, the proud O'Donaghue Began to jeer and scoff, Because the cover must go through This putting on and off.
1852 R. S. Surtees Mr. Sponge's Sporting Tour i. iii. 12 They then made for a large field at the back of the house, with leaping-bars, hurdles, ‘on and offs’, ‘ins and outs’, all sorts of fancy leaps scattered about.
1895 M. M. Dowie Gallia 119 I love to feel the on and off of the break and to watch the way the pole seems to feel its way through the traffic.
1984 Sears, Roebuck Catal. Spring–Summer 253 Attractive print blouse buttons at shoulder for convenient on and off.
1991 House Beautiful Kitchens/Baths Winter Insert 8/3 (advt.) New ballasts..give an almost instant on and off, so no more ‘fluorescent flicker’.

Derivatives

on-and-ˈoffish adj. colloquial rare liable to fluctuate in mood, health, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased > disordered or out of sorts
out of estatec1400
disordainedc1430
out of order1530
mistempered?1541
untemperate1541
so-soa1592
indisposed1598
discomposed1603
out of sorts1621
disorderly1655
queerish1684
out of one's gears1699
disordered1708
uneasy1725
seedy1729
queer1749
scaly1803
quisby1807
under the weather1827
all nohow1852
toneless1854
nohowish1867
chippy1868
fishy1868
off-colour1876
dicky1883
on-and-offish1888
cheap1891
crook1916
lousy1933
the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > inconstancy > [adjective] > capricious or whimsical
startfulmood?a1300
wildc1350
volage?a1366
gerfulc1374
geryc1386
wild-headeda1400
skittishc1412
gerish1430
shittle1440
shittle-witted1448
runningc1449
volageous1487
glaikit1488
fantasious1490
giggish1523
tickle or light of the sear?1530
fantastical1531
wayward1531
wantona1538
peevish1539
light-headed1549
humoral1573
unstaid1579
shittle-headed1580
toy-headed1581
fangled1587
humorous1589
choiceful1591
toyish1598
tricksy1598
skip-brain1603
capricious1605
humoursome1607
planetary1607
vertiginous1609
whimsieda1625
ingiddied1628
whimsy1637
toysome1638
cocklec1640
mercurial1647
garish1650
maggoty1650
kicksey-winseya1652
freakish1653
humourish1653
planetic1653
whimsical1653
shittle-braineda1655
freaking1663
maggoty-headed1667
maggot-pated1681
hoity-toity1690
maggotish1693
maggot-headeda1695
whimsy-headed1699
fantasque1701
crotchetly1702
quixotic1718
volatile1719
holloweda1734
conundrumical1743
flighty1768
fly-away1775
dizzy1780
whimmy1785
shy1787
whimming1787
quirky1789
notional1791
tricksome1815
vagarish1819
freakful1820
faddy1824
moodish1827
mawky1837
erratic1841
rockety1843
quirkish1848
maggoty-pated1850
crotchetya1854
freaksome1854
faddish1855
vagrom1882
fantasied1883
vagarisome1883
on-and-offish1888
tricksical1889
freaky1891
hobby-horsical1893
quirksome1896
temperamental1907
up and down1960
untogether1969
fanciful-
fantastic-
1888 E. J. Goodman Too Curious xiii As well as she ever is. Rather on-and-offish.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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adv.adj.n.1668
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