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单词 omaha
释义

Omahan.adj.

Brit. /ˈəʊməhɑː/, U.S. /ˈoʊməˌhɑ/
Inflections: Plural Omahas, unchanged.
Forms:

α. 1700s Oman.

β. 1800s Omahaw, 1800s Omawhaw, 1800s Oomaha, 1800s– Omaha.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French Oman, Omaha umãhã.
Etymology: In α. forms < French Oman (1744 in the passage translated in quot. 1761 at sense A. 1; 1673 as Maha : see Maha n. and adj.1), irregularly < Omaha umãhã , lit. ‘upstream’ (compare Kansa umaha , Osage umãhã , Quapaw omãhã ). In β. forms directly < Omaha umãhã. Compare Maha n. and adj.1
A. n.
1. A member of a North American Indian people of north-eastern Nebraska and western Iowa.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > ethnicities > North American peoples > Plains Indian > [noun] > Siouan
Assiniboine1690
Missouri1698
Osage1698
Santee1698
Teton1698
Yankton1698
Sioux1703
Kansa1722
Otoe1760
Omaha1761
Maha1778
Big Belly1785
Mandan1790
Minnetaree1796
Crow1801
Dakota1804
Gros Ventre1804
Kaw1804
Miniconjou1804
Ponca1804
Absaroka1812
Oglala1825
Missourian1833
Lakota1846
Dakotan1871
Hidatsa1873
Siouan1885
the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > northern Amerindian > Sioux language family > languages of
Sioux1776
Missouri1804
Osage1804
Mandan1805
Winnebago1831
Yuchi1836
Crow1846
Otoe1848
Yankton1849
Dakotana1856
Assiniboine1872
Teton1877
Santee1882
Kansa1933
Oglala1933
Lakota1939
Omaha1957
Hidatsa1964
Ho-Chunk1997
1761 tr. P. de Charlevoix Jrnl. Voy. N.-Amer. II. xxviii. 225 The Aïouez..tell us that after leaving their country we should in three days arrive amongst a people called Omans.
1814 H. M. Brackenridge Views Louisiana i. vi. 76 Mahas, (or Oo-ma-ha) Reside on the Maha creek.
1823 E. James Acct. Exped. Rocky Mts. I. 190 Several of the Pawnee caches..had been broken open and robbed of their corn by the Omawhaws.
1854 W. G. Simms Southward Ho! 406 The Pawnees and the Omahas were neighboring but hostile nations.
1900 G. B. Grinnell Indians of To-day 12 He killed one more Omaha.
1957 Encycl. Brit. XX. 714/1 The principal Siouan tribes were..in the west, viz., Omaha, Ponca, Kansas, [etc.].
1978 J. A. Maxwell America's Fascinating Indian Heritage v. 160/2 The..Omaha..found themselves displaced by tribes..that were fleeing the well-armed Iroquois.
1996 Handbk. N. Amer. Indians XVII. 212 Omahas did not refer to other people by name in their presence, nor did they ask another person's name.
2. The Central Siouan language spoken by the Omahas.One of two mutually intelligible dialects (Omaha and Ponca) that are classified together as a single language within the Dhegiha group of Central Siouan languages.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [noun] > northern Amerindian > Sioux language family > member of
Sioux1703
Dakota1837
Ponca1883
Siouan1885
Omaha1887
1887 J. C. Pilling Bibliogr. Siouan Langs. 32 Geographic names derived from various Indian languages: Kansas, Iowa, Omaha, Ponca.
1922 Amer. Anthropologist 24 242 Some light on its origin and meaning may be shed by philological comparison of the Dakota language with its cognate languages, for example the Omaha.
1972 W. B. Lockwood Panorama Indo-European Lang. vii. 117 The plains between the Mississippi and the Missouri were occupied by the Siouan family [of languages], of which the most significant today are Dakota (45,000) and Omaha (10,000).
1992 Ethnohistory 39 326 A more or less phonetic rendering of the Omaha name was written on the document, perhaps followed by a more or less literal translation into English; often, the name was given only in Omaha or only in English.
3. Poker. Also more fully Omaha Hold 'Em. A variant of Hold 'Em in which each player is dealt four cards and combines two of these with any three of five community cards to make the best hand.
ΚΠ
1985 Chicago Tribune 3 Feb. xii. 14/4 Omaha—A hold 'em version in which each player gets four down cards and must play two of them. Having trips in the hole can make one heartsick; throwing the hand away and forgetting it is one cure; never playing Omaha is another.
1996 P. Marber Dealer's Choice (rev. ed.) iii. i. 66 They are playing ‘Omaha’.
1998 J. Grochowski Casino Answer Bk. 120 Seven-card stud, Texas hold-'em and Omaha hold-'em are the staples of casino poker.
2000 B. McNally How to Play Poker & Win Introd. 9 Now, in the early twenty-first century, the three most popular poker variants are Texas Hold 'Em, Omaha and seven-card stud.
B. adj. (attributive).
1. Of, relating to, or designating the Omahas as a people.
ΚΠ
1833 W. G. Simms Bk. my Lady 156 One of the first lessons taught..to the Pawnee and Omaha boy, was to learn how to strike and scalp and circumvent the national enemy.
1854 W. H. C. Hosmer Yonnondio I. x. 82 The Omaha Chief, Black-bird, after death, was placed erect on his war-horse.
1880 Amer. Naturalist 14 216 (title) How the rabbit killed the (male) winter, an Omaha fable.
1936 F. B. Streeter Prairie Trails iv. 190 He went with the Omaha Indians on a buffalo hunt.
1974 Encycl. Brit. Micropædia VII. 528/3 Omaha social organization was elaborate, with a class system of chiefs, priests, physicians and commoners.
2001 Amer. Indian Q. (Nexis) 25 579 Without LaFlesche, Fletcher would never have penetrated Omaha culture and made her mark on the anthropological world.
2. Of, relating to, or designating the Dhegiha language spoken by the Omahas.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > languages of the world > Amerindian > [adjective] > of Sioux language family
Sioux1795
Dakota1809
Siouan1882
Omaha1897
1897 Science 26 Feb. 331/2 The name of that by which a man thinks, feels and wills, is called in the Omaha language Wa-zhin'.
1913 Science 27 June 983/1 Regrettably his imperfect knowledge of the language, as can readily be seen in his Omaha texts, accounts for misconceptions that now appear in his writings.
1922 Amer. Anthropologist 24 242 The word meaning ‘friend’ in common use in the Omaha language is kageha.
1974 W. L. Chafe in J. Billard World of Amer. Indian 153 Nebraska—from nibdhathka—flat river, the Omaha name for Platte.
1996 Handbk. N. Amer. Indians XVII. 144/2 Languages in the Dhegiha branch of the Siouan family—Omaha-Ponca, Kansa, Osage, and Quapaw—have also developed sets of definite article suffixes on nouns.
3. Cultural Anthropology. Of, belonging to, or designating a type of kinship terminology, found in some patrilineal societies including that of the Omahas, in which lineal relatives of the same sex in adjacent generations are equated according to several patterns. Cf. Crow n.4 2.
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1929 Amer. Anthropologist 31 710 In Crow kinship the features which define the type are the exact converse of the Omaha features.
1964 F. G. Lounsbury in W. H. Goodenough Explor. Cult. Anthropol. 351 A formal account of the Crow- and Omaha-type kinship terminologies.
1968 Internat. Encycl. Social Sci. VIII. 396 Their kinship systems [i.e., those of ‘the tribes of the Prairie Plains’] were also ‘classificatory’, in that lineal and collateral relatives were merged in the terminology, but they utilized the lineage principle to provide a wide extension to the system. There were two subtypes: (a) the ‘Omaha’ system, associated with patrilineal descent, and (b) the ‘Crow’ system, associated with matrilineal descent.
1997 G. J. van Enk & L. de Vries Korowai of Irian Jaya v. 140 The Korowai kinship system is an Omaha system, in which Lounsbury (1964) has described the types of equivalences that occur.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.adj.1761
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