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单词 battalion
释义

battalionn.

Brit. /bəˈtalɪən/, U.S. /bəˈtæljən/
Forms: 1500s bataillon, 1500s–1600s battailon, bataillion, 1600s batallion, batalian1600s– battalion.
Etymology: < French battaillon, 16th cent. < Italian battaglione , augmentative or diminutive of battaglia battle n.; compare Spanish batallon ‘a pettie battell or army.’ (Compare battalia n.)
1. gen.
a. A large body of men in battle array; one of the large divisions of an army.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > [noun] > army in battle array
battle1330
parelc1330
purveyancec1330
battalion1589
battaliaa1616
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > [noun] > division
battle1330
left winga1450
right winga1450
parsmenta1522
partimenta1522
battalion1589
division1600
battaliaa1616
fight1622
army unit1847
mobile unit1896
air arm1913
reaction force1923
1589 P. Ive tr. R. Beccarie de Pavie Instr. Warres 73 I will goe range the ten bands in one whole Batailon.
1598 R. Barret Theorike & Pract. Mod. Warres iii. 33 Deuiding them [Companies] into so many parts or battaillions.
?1608 S. Lennard tr. P. Charron Of Wisdome iii. iii. 394 The distribution of the troopes, into battallions, regiments, ensignes, camerades.
1652 C. B. Stapylton tr. Herodian Imperiall Hist. xvii. 146 His Army..he divideth into three Battalians.
1699 J. Potter Archæologiæ Græcæ II. iii. vi. 67 The Roman Battalions,..were still call'd Legiones.
1868 J. F. Kirk Hist. Charles the Bold III. v. ii. 377 The army was broken up into eight battalions and a reserve.
b. The main body of an army. (= battle n. 9.)
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > part of army by position > [noun] > main body or middle
stalec1350
chivalry1382
rangale?a1400
middlewardc1440
battle1489
main battle1569
main-ward1570
centre1590
camp-royal1593
main body1595
grossc1600
battalia1613
battalion1653
centreline1774
1628 G. Wither Britain's Remembrancer i. 403 The maine Battalion was both rang'd and led By that slye Prince.]
1653 H. Holcroft tr. Procopius Persian Wars i. 14 in tr. Procopius Hist. Warres Justinian Compast by the Enemy..who staid it not, but gallopt home to the Batallion.
1656 T. Blount Glossographia Battalion, the main battle.
c. In, or with allusion to, the saying: God (or Providence) is on the side of the big battalions.
ΚΠ
1702 E. Boursault Lettres Nouvelles (new ed.) 356 La Reine-Mere dit un jour au Maréchal de la Ferté..les Ennemis sont plus forts que nous..mais nous avons le bon droit pour nous... Madame, lui répondit-il, ne vous y fiez pas: j'ay toûjours vû Dieu du côté des gros Bataillons.]
1842 A. Alison Hist. Europe from French Revol. X. lxxviii. 1013 Moreau expressed a fact of general application, explained according to the irreligious ideas of the French Revolution, when he said, that ‘Providence was always on the side of dense battalions’.
1862 T. Hughes Struggle Kansas 363 ‘Providence is on the side of the strongest battalions’ is a saying..much believed in here.
1914 G. B. Shaw in New Statesman 14 Nov. Suppl. A Militarist is a person who believes that..Providence is on the side of the big battalions.
1944 E. Blunden Shells by Stream 37 Four hundred thousand men there lay, The Big Battalions blessed the day.
2. spec. A body of infantry (or engineers) composed of several companies, and forming part of a regiment.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > [noun] > battalion
battalion1708
1708 London Gaz. No. 4467/4 Each regiment is to consist of two Battalions, and each Battalion of 1000 Men.
1810 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1838) VI. 81 An army composed of divisions, brigades, regiments, and battalions.
1877 Field Exercise Infantry (rev. ed.) 148 A Battalion in line may advance or retire in fours from the right or left of Companies.
3. transferred and figurative (from 1.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > relative position > arrangement or fact of being arranged > state of being gathered together > an assemblage or collection > [noun] > large or numerous
legiona1325
rout?c1335
multitudec1350
thrave1377
cloudc1384
schoola1450
meiniec1450
throng1538
ruckc1540
multitudine1547
swarm1548
regiment1575
armya1586
volley1595
pile1596
battalion1603
wood1608
host1613
armada1622
crowd1628
battalia1653
squadron1668
raffa1677
smytrie1786
raft1821
squash1884
1603 J. Florio tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. ii. xii. 277 [The Tunnyfish] alwayes frame their shole of a Cubike figure..a solide, close and wel-ranged battailon.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

battalionv.

Etymology: < battalion n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: baˈttalion.
rare.
To form into a battalion.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > armed forces > the Army > unit of army > form unit of army [verb (transitive)] > form into a battalion
battalion1865
1865 Daily Tel. 18 Apr. 2 The fine body of volunteers..with whom are battalioned one or two companies raised in the..London Docks.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1885; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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n.1589v.1865
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