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oiln.1 Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French oile, euille. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman oile, oilie, oille, oylie, oyle, ole, olie, uelie, ulie, uile and Old French euille, eulle, oele, oil, olie , vuile, vuille, wyle, Old French, Middle French oile (early 12th cent.), oille, oyle, oeille, huile, huille, uile, uille, (Picardy) ole, olle, partly < classical Latin oleum oil, olive oil (see oleum n.), and partly < post-classical Latin olea (perhaps 6th cent.), plural of oleum. Compare Old Occitan oli (late 12th cent.), Italian olio (early 13th cent.; also as †oleo, (now regional) oglio (both end of the 13th cent. or earlier)), Spanish olio (1246), óleo (1396), Catalan oli (1272).The corresponding word in Old English was ele n.; this was superseded in early Middle English by the French word in two main types, represented by the α and β forms below, which reflect French forms respectively with palatal lateral and non-palatal lateral. Forms with -ui- are probably modelled on Middle French huile , although they may partly be due also to analogy with boil v. and other words which show graphemic variation between oi and ui . The α forms after 13th cent. were only northern and especially Scots, where ulyie , uillie /ˈøl(j)ɪ/ still survive. The early Middle English south-west-midland and south-western forms eoli , eolie , eoile , etc., apparently show a front rounded vowel in the first syllable, either alone or as the first vowel of a diphthong; it is possible that monophthongal forms of the type eoli should be taken instead as showing ele n. The γ. forms show initial j -glide: see J. Wright, Eng. Dial. Gram. (1905) 58/2, and compare e.g. yearth s.v. earth n.1 The Latin word was also borrowed into the Germanic and Celtic languages, compare Old English ele, Middle Dutch olie, etc. (Dutch olie), Old High German ole, olei, oli (Middle High German öl, etc., German Oel, (now usually) Öl), and Early Irish ola. 1. the world > food and drink > food > fat or oil > [noun] > olive oil society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] the world > matter > constitution of matter > oiliness or greasiness > [noun] > oiliness > oil society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > olive oil 1221 in G. Fransson (1935) 70 (MED) Aluredus Vli maker..Hulimakiere. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris (1868) 1st Ser. 79 (MED) An helendis Mon..wesch his wunden mid wine and smerede mid oli. ?c1335 (a1300) Land of Cokaygne 46 in W. Heuser (1904) 146 Þer beþ riuers..Of oile, melk, honi and wine. a1400 Psalter (Vesp.) xxii. 7 in C. Horstmann (1896) II. 155 (MED) Þou fatted in oli mi heued yhite. a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) iv. 8 Whet, wyne, and oile..ere mast nedful til mannys oise. 1549 (STC 16267) Visitacion of Sicke f. xxi*v As with this visible oyle thy body outwardly is annoynted. 1649 Bp. J. Taylor ii. 84 The five foolish virgins..begd oyle. 1712 Act 10 Anne in No. 5012/2 All Soap, Oil, Tallow..in any private Boiling-house. 1752 D. Hume iii. 41 'Tis the oil which renders the motion of the wheel more smooth and easy. 1850 12 Nov. 4/1 Pop corn is dependent for its peculiar powers..upon the quantity of oil which its whole contains. 1862 20 Sept. 149/2 It is believed that the United States and Canada possess natural supplies of petroleum to furnish the rest of the world..with sufficient quantities of oil to yield all the artificial light required, and perhaps much of the fuel also. 1868 R. Browning II. iv. 4 [They] Spend their own oil in feeding their own lamp. 1907 V. B. Lewes iv. 85 In these early wells the oil had to be pumped, but in 1861 a well drilled to a depth of 460 feet yielded oil at such pressure that it rose to the surface and overflowed. 1921 Jan. 2/3 I have a ‘blue stove’, and clean the top with a cloth dampened with oil, then dust with emery-powder and rub well. 1964 J. P. Getty ii. 23 Today, oil is big business, probably the biggest of all businesses. Without oil, there would be—there could be—no civilization as we know it. 1965 R. P. Jhabvala 218 His hair was thickly plastered with sweetly-smelling oil. 1987 M. Wesley (1988) xxxv. 193 Petrol tank's full. I checked the oil, water, and tyres. 2000 J. Cummings 63 Any gutted and cleaned fish can be wok-fried whole in oil to produce a quick and easy dish. c1300 St. Katherine (Harl.) l. 303 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill (1956) 542 (MED) Of hire tumbe þer vrneþ ȝut holi oylle wel blyue. tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) iv. 145 (MED) Or madifie hit so in oil lauryne. 1564 in E. Roberts & K. Parker (1992) I. 219 A potte of oyle lumbricorum, vj d. 1565 in J. H. Burton (1877) 1st Ser. I. 360 Twa barrell of fische huill. 1655 (new ed.) 51 Oyl of Vitrial is exceeding hot and cold, mixed in waters, decoctions, sirrupes or conserves, maketh them tart or sowrish. 1766 Apr. 171/1 The oil called Zacchæus's oil, is expressed from the fruit of a tree that..is said..to be of the kind which Zacchæus climbed. 1836 Sept. 555/2 He gives full and minute directions for the requisite equipments of the sportsman, from the gun and dogs to the shoe-oil. 1856 R. W. Emerson ii. 16 Nobody likes to be..suffocated with bilge, mephitis, and stewing oil. 1915 108 i. 195 The toxicity of chenopodium oil is increased in starvation. 1931 K. M. Smith xiii. 208 Parman and Laake in America find that the best repellent substances to ward off the fly are certain pine derivatives such as pine-tar oil. 1988 May 37/1 Ginger oil is obtained from rhizomes which are dried. 2001 Spring 14/1 Starflower Oil (sometimes known as Borage Oil) is a superb natural source of GLA–Gamma Linolenic Acid. the world > matter > constitution of matter > oiliness or greasiness > [noun] > oiliness > oil ?c1450 in G. Müller (1929) 46 Þat is a nobill oyle for many maner of sekenesses. 1580 J. Frampton tr. N. Monardes Bk. Medicines agaynst Venome in (new ed.) f. 117v In our time there hath beene compounded and drawen out an Oyle, which they call Oyle of Uitrioll, or Coporace. 1652 N. Culpeper 3 Used outwardly as an Oyl or Oyntment. 1726 J. Swift II. iii. v. 67 Gums, Oyls, and other glutinous Matter. 1788 T. Jefferson (1859) II. 539 In consequence of the English treaty, their oils flowed in, and overstocked the market. 1863 H. Watts I. 297 Oil of anise..appears to consist of two distinct oils. 1892 H. F. Morley & M. M. P. Muir (rev. ed.) III. 637/1 Oils are said to be ‘fixed’ when they cannot be distilled either alone or with steam without undergoing decomposition; oils that can be so distilled being termed volatile or essential oils. 1914 F. E. Fritsch & E. J. Salisbury xii. 169 Apart from carbohydrates..other forms of food-reserves are found in plants; for instance, the oils and fats which are present in a considerable number of seeds. 1937 41 735 The two oils had nearly the same viscosity at 50° C. 1981 D. Craig i. 21 There are several oils which you may use, such as mineral or vegetable, but the Japanese sword oil is the best. 1991 Jan. 42/2 Give your partner a slow and erotic massage using aromatherapy oils. 2000 Jan. 20/1 With larger vehicles people are more and more aware of the pitfalls of cheap oils. the world > matter > alchemy > alchemical elements > [noun] > oil c1395 G. Chaucer 856 Of bodies mollificacioun, And also of hir induracioun, Oilles,..and metal fusible... To tellen al wolde passen any bible. a1475 (1889) 10 Manye philosophoris clepiþ þis quinta essencia an oile. a1550 ( G. Ripley (Bodl. e Mus.) f. 48v Then oile and water with water shall distill. 1681 N. Grew (1694) iv. i. 351 The Phlegme, Oil, Spirit, Volatile, and fixed Salts, both of the Serous, and Grumous parts of Humane Blood. 1686 R. Plot ii. 102 That its oil or sulphur came over the Helm upon the first heat. 1706 (new ed.) (at cited word) Among Chymists, Oil or Sulphur is one of the five Principles of their Art, being a subtil, fat Substance, capable of taking fire, which usually arises after the Spirit. 1728 E. Chambers at Elements The four Principles, Salt, Oil, Water, and Earth, are always found in all Plants. 1936 J. Read v. 195 Basilius..goes on to describe the oil as ‘that true fluid Gold of Philosophers, which nature drove together from the three principles’. 1967 C. A. Burland xiii. 202 This oil which is the potable gold of the Alchemist, never returns to the metallic form of gold. 3. society > faith > worship > sacrament > (extreme) unction > anoint [verb (transitive)] the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > paint > types of society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [noun] > paints 1454 in E. Hobhouse (1890) 96 (MED) For a quarte of peyntyng oyle.] a1536 Building Acct. in E. Law (1885) App. C. 351 [To John Hethe, painter] for laying of the joull-pecys rownde abowght the haull with grene merbyll in oyle. 1558 H. Machyn (1848) 173 iiij baners of santes in owlle. 1594 H. Plat 51 (heading) To refresh the colours of olde peeces that bee wrought in oyle. 1624 H. Wotton ii. 84 Such a seeming softnesse in the Limbes, as if not a Chissell has hewed them out of Stone,..but a Pensill had drawne and stroaked them in Oyle. 1663 B. Gerbier 84 Painters work of ordinary lights of windowes in oyl. 1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. I. 14 A sort of Pink for Painting in Oil and Miniature. 1795 8 Aug. 2/2 Small portraits in oil, at one guinea. 1824 11 Jan. 72/1 It will not be difficult for them to come up to those standards, who have so easily earned an oil and colour immortality. 1827 J. Wilson Noctes Ambrosianae xxxi, in Mar. 355 He should leave the iles and keep to water-colours. 1867 I. 857 Antonello de Messina..the first Italian who painted in oils. 1935 W. Lewis in A. Alington et al. 91 The penman went his own way undisturbed—bousculant, certainly, from time to time, and on occasion, the artist in oils and ink. 1978 C. Hayes 9 For many years Rosoman painted in oil, gouache and water colours. 2002 19 Dec. (Travel Suppl.) 34/2 In 1883, Marianne North took her easel and oils to the Seychelles, where she painted the local flora. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to medium or technique > [noun] > oil-painting > an oil-painting 1852 W. H. Oxberry in W. Davidge (1866) xii. 110 An original painting of my father, by Drummond, and a little oil, by W. Beverly. 1890 272 Some fair oils by German artists. 1912 W. Owen 26 Jan. (1967) 111 I herewith send a representation of my outward man; I[t] does not please me; nothing will, unless it were an oil by Sargent. 1967 N. Freeling 27 Over the chimney-piece was a large oil of three splendid horses. 1992 S. Sontag i. iv. 48 The Cavaliere's collection of paintings, hitherto distinctly Old Masterish, now included several dozen gouaches and oils by local artists. the world > action or operation > harm or detriment > disadvantage > uselessness > uselessness, vanity, or futility > be of no avail [verb (intransitive)] > expend effort in vain society > leisure > the arts > literature > style of language or writing > ornateness > use ornate language [verb (intransitive)] > be laboured or pedantic society > education > learning > study > [noun] > laborious study 1548 f. xxxvv That thei were like to lese bothe worke and oyle. 1576 T. Newton tr. L. Lemnie Ep. Ded. sig. ❦5 None of indifferent iudgemente, shall thinke his oyle & labour lost. 1646 Sir T. Browne To Rdr. sig. a4v A worke of this nature..should smell of oyle if duly and deservedly handled. 1647 J. Denham in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher sig. b1v What from Johnsons oyle and sweat did flow. 1675 E. Wilson 72 That work needs not smell of Oyl. 1853 June 554/1 Oils form a large branch of trade, and one subject to much fluctuation in prices. 1874 May 104/3 Paints and oils have been firm, with active and increasing trade. 1929 12 Oct. 675/2 Oils came to the front for a while under the lead of Wall Street, but finished heavy. 1989 (BNC) 14 Nov. 27 County has appointed Joe Lafferty, an oils analyst formerly with Barclays de Zoete Wedd, to head the Edinburgh client service. 2001 (Nexis) 24 Nov. in2 A late sprint by DaimlerChrysler AG..eased the pain of weaker oils and media and helped European shares end off their lows yesterday. the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > distilled drink > whisky > [noun] 1869 4 Dec. 599/1 Sir Basil was sipping the sherry critically,..rolling the oil up and down the side of the glass. 1918 L. E. Ruggles 106 It is sometimes said that a man has had a little too much oil, meaning, of course, that he has had his cargo well filled with booze and is sailing two points to the wind. 1926 S. O'Casey ii. 46 Oh, here's th' two gems runnin' over again for their oil! 1965 B. Behan (1967) 119 When my father had a few oils on him. 1968 G. Radano 67 You know he likes his oil. 1998 R. Price iv. 87 He's hitting the oil like he's making up for lost time... He's basically a drunk. society > trade and finance > money > [noun] society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [noun] > bribe 1885 27 Aug. 1/3 They care much less for their lives than for their ‘oil’. 1903 A. H. Lewis 121 The sooner we get th' oil, th' sooner we'll begin to light up. 1935 31 Aug. 118/1 She didn't take care of her protection directly, that is, she didn't slip the oil to the cops herself. 1971 C. Winick & P. M. Kinsie 214 There are only a few recent situations in which police have been apprehended taking ‘oil’ or payoff money from a prostitute. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > [noun] > manufactured in specific way > water or wind-proofed 1894 J. Dale xiv. 330 A young man dressed us in a full suit of ‘oils’. society > communication > information > [noun] 1915 C. Drew & I. B. Evans 56 I can guarantee that he's trying, because I got the right oil about it. 1944 J. H. Fullarton ii. 18 ‘What's the oil, Noel?’ ‘Yes, spill it.’ 1948 V. Palmer xvi. 133 If anything were afoot, he told himself, Mahony would be sure to have the real oil about it. 1977 F. B. Vickers 73 ‘That's if all goes well, mate’, said the man who was giving me the oil. 1986 14 Feb. 2/3 Spreading the word, spilling the beans..having the good oil. the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > absence of meaning > nonsense, rubbish > insincere or pretentious talk > [noun] the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > conformity with what is known, truth > disregard for truth, falsehood > [noun] > evasion of truth 1917 Nov. 39/2 ‘Why dearie!’ I remarks, kissin' her; ‘You know I—’. ‘Easy with the oil!’ she cuts me off. 1924 1 Oct. 25/8 The Bull, the Glad Hand, the Old Oil, and Il Bushwa. 1926 G. H. Maines & B. Grant 14/2 Throwing the oil, telling glib falsehoods. 1940 M. Marples 130 At Winchester..oil = an evasion. 1954 P. G. Wodehouse i. 7 It was imperative that they be given the old oil, because she was in the middle of a very tricky business deal with the male half of the sketch and at such times every little helps. 1992 W. Stewart x. 59 Something called Personality Profile, which gives the old oil to some local advertiser every week and is widely read by that advertiser's mother. Phrasesthe mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > flatter [verb (intransitive)] a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden (St. John's Cambr.) (1871) III. 447 (MED) A greet deel of hem..hilde up þe kynges oyl [L. magna convivantium parte assentiente]. a1393 J. Gower (Fairf.) vii. 2584 Prophetes false manye mo To bere up oil, and alle tho Affermen that which he hath told. c1450 (c1405) (BL Add. 41666) (1936) 831 (MED) Alle was huyst in þe halle sauf ‘holde vp þe oyles’. c1475 (c1399) (Cambr. Ll.4.14) (1936) iii. 186 For braggynge and for bostynge and beringe vppon oilles. the mind > emotion > anger > furious anger > infuriate [verb (transitive)] > intensify or aggravate fury 1548 f. ccxxviiiv There were also certaine other malicious and busye persones who added Oyle..to the Fornace. 1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane f. ccxxviijv As the common saying is, powred oyle vpon the fyre. 1630 J. Taylor 92 But all intreaty was like oyle to fire, Not quench'd; but more inflam'd the scurvy Squire. 1647 A. Cowley Incurable in iv But Wine, alas, was Oyl to th' fire. 1749 J. Cleland I. 99 At dinner mention was made of the charmingest youth..which..was throwing oil on a fire I was sorely put to it to smother the blaze of. 1821 W. Scott I. iv. 70 Serving only like oil to the flame. 1841 C. Brontë 2 Nov. (1995) I. 272 Mary..cast oil on the flames..encouraged me & in her own strong energetic language heartened me on. 1946 W. W. Allen 476 Buchanan poured more oil on the fire with a satirical poem against the Bostonians. 1990 J. R. Nassar & R. Heacock xix. 310 The massacre of demonstrating, unarmed civilians only adds oil to the flames. society > society and the community > dissent > absence of dissension or peace > bringing about concord or peace > bring to peace (strife or discord) [verb (transitive)] > appease or propitiate 1774 (Royal Soc.) 64 445 (heading) Of the stilling of Waves by means of Oil. Extracted from sundry Letters between Benjamin Franklin LL.D. etc. 1774 (Royal Soc.) 64 447 Pliny's account of a practice among the seamen of his time to still the waves in a storm by pouring oil into the sea.] 1786 B. Rush (1951) I. 390 His presence and advice, like oil upon troubled waters, have composed the contending waves of faction. 1808 A. Grant II. xxii. 214 It was like oil poured on agitated waters, which produces a temporary calm immediately round the ship. 1847 W. B. Baring in (1884) III. xxv. 103 Lord G. [Bentinck]..spoke angrily. D'Israeli poured oil and calmed the waves. 1855 J. L. Motley III. v. i. 161 The fiery words of Don John were not oil to troubled water. 1867 A. Trollope II. xlvii. 30 Then Mrs. Grantly..strove to change the subject, and threw oil upon the waters. 1932 M. Nomad 179 (title) Pouring oil on stormy waters. 1951 C. Hare viii. 90 The time had come to pour the oil of his geniality on the waters he had so rashly stirred up. 1988 S. Deshpande ii. 50 Pouring oil over troubled waters, being the peacemaker in the family, the bridge between father and son. 1999 T. Thornton tr. B. Hamann 316 In 1909 the Emperor tried to pour oil on the waters by making a compromise. the world > action or operation > prosperity > prosper or flourish [verb (intransitive)] > have good fortune the mind > possession > wealth > be rich [verb (intransitive)] > find source of wealth society > occupation and work > industry > drilling for oil or gas > drill for oil or gas [verb (intransitive)] > find oil 1860 15 Dec. 302/2 Horace Greeley..declined, for the reason that he has struck Ile in a new spot early in November. 1862 580/1 The oil, when first struck, has..been known to burst forth with great violence. 1875 6 Mar. 99/2 He has certainly ‘struck oil’ in the Costa Rica and Honduras loans. 1930 ‘Sapper’ 180 The general consensus of opinion was that if his cricket was up to the rest of his form, Bob had struck oil. 1975 7 Oct. 5/2 When oil is struck..the oilman needs samples for laboratory analysis. 1994 24 Nov. 315/2 S. P. Goldman..seems to have struck oil in the search for better ways of computing electronic states. 1936 R. Johnson Terraplane Blues (song) in P. Oliver (1968) 189 I'm goin' h'ist your hood man, I'm boun' to check your oil. 1969 H. Oster 353 Come out here, little baby, you know I'm boun' to check yo' oil. 1983 R. Rucker 37 And what have you been doing down there, Simon..checking Helen's oil? 1997 Sept. 14/1 Life is tough enough out there in Grow Country without you proctonauts downing a couple of cases of Zima and getting your moon rocks off checking on Jethro's oil, okay? P6. the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > hydrocarbon minerals > [noun] > oil > naphtha 1653 I. Walton viii. 172 Oyl of Peter, called by some, Oyl of the Rock . View more context for this quotation Compounds Compounds and phrasal collocations. C1. a1325 Diuersa Cibaria in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler (1985) 57 Corf oygnouns & frie heom in oyle of alemauns. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 238 Oyle of popy..y-made of blak popy seed. 1552 R. Huloet Oyle of almondes, metopion. 1577 J. Frampton tr. N. Monardes f. 35 Annoynt them [sc. aching heads] with the Oil of Orringes. 1615 G. Markham i.24 Bath it [sc. a broken bone] in the warme oile of swallowes, or the oile of mandrage apples. 1625 T. Middleton iv. ii. 76 Sure you put oil of toad into that physic, sir. 1685 Minute 27 May in T. Birch (1757) IV. 74 The president mentioned, that he had known oil of jessamine made in England with jessamine flowers. 1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. I. 157 We have Oil of Camomile and Linseed..when Train or Whale-Oil is dear. 1770 J. Cook 25 The famous oil of Myrrh per deliquium. 1834 R. Southey I. 236 Oil of swallows..procured by pounding twenty live swallows in a mortar with about as many different herbs. 1838 T. Thomson 469 Oil of Bitter Almonds may be obtained by distilling bitter almonds with water. 1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon ii. iii. 65 [Animals or animal productions formerly employed in medicine:] The entire Animal..infused in oil..Dog.., fox, hawk, cameleon, scorpion (Oil of Matthiole). 1870 J. Power iii. 46 Pieces of cotton impregnated with oil of cedar or of birch. 1960 D. C. Braungart & R. Buddeke (ed. 5) ix. 128 Individuals suffering from the disease can be freed of the parasites by the proper use of oil of chenopodium, carbon tetrachloride, or tetrachlorethyl. 1990 May 9/1 Oil of Evening Primrose is a rich source of polyunsaturates. 2000 A. Dalby 55 Oil of cubeb used regularly to be prescribed for the venereal disease gonorrhoea. b. In partly Anglicized phrases from French. society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 215 It helpeþ aȝeins þe bytyng of an addre if it is..y-leyde þerto wiþ oyle de bay. a1475 Dis. Hawk (Harl. 2340) f. 33, in at Oil(e Stape þe hole with hoyle de bay & with salte. 1545 sig. cjv Oyle debay the barrell conteinynge C. pounde. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny I. xv. vii. 434 Some take the Bay berries onely, & thereout presse oile de-Bayes. 1607 E. Topsell 350 A Goose feather annointed with Oyle de bay. the world > food and drink > food > fat or oil > [noun] > olive oil society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > olive oil 1381 Diuersa Servicia in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler (1985) 96 (MED) Nym appelyn and seth hem..kast therto..on fysch dayes oyle de olyve and gode powdres. a1400 tr. Lanfranc (Ashm.) (1894) 41 Oile de oliue þat is nouȝt ripe. 1419 in H. T. Riley (1859) I. 224 Karke de oille dolive. 1535 D. Lindsay 4057 To..mix..saiffrone with oyl-dolie. a1585 Ld. Polwart 234 For thy feuer..take old-oly Mixt with a mouthfull of melancholy. 1622 in F. Roberts & I. M. M. Macphail (1972) 30 Item to John Thome..for ane pig oyledeolyve. 1626 Accts. Masters of Works in A. Macdonald & J. Dennistoun (1843) II. 191 For butter and oyldolie at the hinging of the ȝett. society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) vi. 213 Oilderose Me may baptize and name hit. c1450 Practica Phisicalia John of Burgundy in H. Schöffler (1919) 242 (MED) Frye hem with oyle of rosys. C2. In extended use. society > faith > artefacts > consumables > oil > [noun] the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > [noun] > in order to deceive c1300 Holy Cross (Laud) 146 in C. Horstmann (1887) 5 Ore louerd him wolde..with Oyle of milce smeorien him and is sunnes a-quenche. c1384 (Douce 369(2)) Heb. i. 9 Therfore God, thi God, anoyntide thee with oyle of gladnesse, or ioye, bifore thi felowis. a1400 (a1325) (Vesp.) 955 Þe oile o merci. a1425 J. Wyclif (1871) II. 38 Þis devocioun is þe oyle. c1450 tr. G. Deguileville (Cambr.) (1869) 11 (MED) If thou haue rigurowsliche hurtled any wyght..looke thou haue not doon it with oute the sweete oyle of compassioun and of pitee. 1531 T. Elyot iii. xxiv. sig. hiv Two or thre dropes of the sweete oyle of remembraunce. 1559 Primer in (1851) 110 By infunding thy precious oil of comfort into my wounds. a1627 H. Shirley (1638) iii. iii A little oyle of favour will scoure thee agen, And make thee shine as bright. 1678 J. Bunyan 26 This is Christ, who continually with the Oyl of his Grace, maintains the work already begun in the heart. View more context for this quotation 1781 in W. Hone (1827) II. 835 His wants are supplied by the oil of his tongue. 1785 J. Wolcot Reynolds..prithee, seek the Courtier's school And learn to manufacture oil of fool. 1806 R. Polwhele Sir Allan iv, in II. 132 Nor, on the townclerk, e'er an errant tool, Pour'd he by niggard drops his oil of fool. 1837 T. Carlyle Diamond Necklace viii, in Feb. 172/2 Oil of Flattery (the best patent antifriction known). 1877 G. Dawson (1878) 46 When the oil of life has run out. 1934 D. Thomas c21 May (1987) 138 These women are sweating the oil of life out of the pores of their stupid bodies. 1996 (Nexis) 22 Dec. 9 The oil of compassion and the milk of human kindness are the lubricants and sustenance of society. 2002 (Nexis) 2 Feb. m10 The communists had begun with the perfumed oil of flattery. the mind > possession > giving > gift or present > [noun] > gold employed in gifts society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [noun] > bribe 1592 R. Greene sig. Ev The palms of their hands so hot that they cannot be coold vnlesse they be rubd with the oile of angels. 1623 P. Massinger iii. ii. sig. G2 I haue seene..his stripes wash'd of With oyle of Angels. 1683 R. Dixon ii. 209 'Twas no less than the Oil of Gold, That fed th' Everlasting Lamp of old, For Lyes we're all bought and sold. 1819 T. Moore 81 Oil of Palm's the thing that, flowing, Sets the naves and felloes going! 1833 B. Webster i. v. 29 I dare say you may manage to soften the justice's sentence by a little oil of palms. 1860 W. Collins Woman in White (new ed.) in I. 3 If the machinery of the Law could be depended on to fathom every case of suspicion,..with moderate assistance only from the lubricating influences of oil of gold [etc.]. 1935 A. J. Pollock 82/1 Oil of palms, money. society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > [noun] > beating with stick, rod, or cane society > authority > punishment > corporal punishment > [noun] > beating > instance of 1604 Penniles Parl. Threed-bare Poets in sig. F3 The oyle of Holly, shal prooue a present remedie for a shrewde Huswife. 1608 W. Clerk 308 They call it vulgarly the oyle of Baston, or a sower cudgell. ?1679 (single sheet) Take you the Oyl, of Hazel strong: With it anoint her body round. 1693 W. Winstanley Now for to cure such a disease as this, The oyl of whip the surest medicine is. 1782 M. Davidson 50 If I was your Mother, I would lay a little of the hazel-oil on your shoulders. 1798 J. O'Keeffe ii. iv Galen. Bob I see she has been cataplasm'd with the oil of turpentine. Bob. Yes, and we shall be cataplasm'd with the oil of hazel. a1828 B. James (1896) 351 Seditious tumult began to rear its head, which I appeased by administering a few doses of the oil of cat. 1828 W. Carr (ed. 2) Oil of birch, a flogging with a birchrod. 1834 W. Carleton 364 'Tis the oil of hazel you'll get, what's fittest for you. 1862 9 Aug. Suppl. 354/2 Let us administer the youth a little of the oil of hazel, to soople his joints and larn him manners. Whoo! 1894 S. R. Crockett 46 Ye shall suffer for this, if there's hazel oil in Dumfries. 1957 H. Hall (new ed.) 56/1 Th' young varmunt wants a good dose o' 'azel oil, 'ee do! the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > [noun] 1638 R. Brathwait (new ed.) (title page) The oyle of malt and juyce of spritely nectar Have made my Muse more valiant than Hector. 1655 T. Jordan At last the oyle of Barley Did worke so gallantly, That it laid the youngster fast a sleepe, Amongst his company. 1699 B. E. Oyl of Barley, strong Drink. 1785 W. Forbes 42 A plague upo' that oil o' malt, That dreary drink is a' their fault. 1841 ‘F. L. G.’ Gloss. Oil of Barley, whiskey. 1881 A. Trumble 24/1 Oil of barley, strong beer. C3. a. the world > relative properties > order > disorder > disharmony or incongruity > [noun] > discordant things, attributes, etc. 1629 J. Parkinson ii. xxxvi. 503 The first shootes or heads of Asparagus..being boyled tender, and eaten with..oyle and vinegar. 1747 H. Glasse i. 11 The French eat Oil and Vinegar with it [sc. broccoli]. 1845 W. M. Thackeray Legends of Rhine ix, in Sept. 194 Oil and vinegar, which he took with cucumber to his salmon. 1986 6 Mar. 2 a/1 Demos makes an outstanding Greek salad,..using..just the right amount of oil and vinegar dressing. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > [noun] 1530 J. Palsgrave 634/2 Oyle and water wyll never mengyll togyther, but a man may easely mengyll wine and water.] 1645 G. Wither ii. 41 How long will oyle and water mix in One? Or, things quite Opposite together stay? There are betwixt you such Antipathies. 1675 W. Wycherley i. 7 ‘Ay, Wine makes us..Princes, Love makes us Beggars, poor Rogues, y gad—and Wine—’ ‘No, no, Love and Wine, Oil and Vinegar.’ 1739 D. Hume II. iii. 299 Passions are like oil and vinegar, which, however mingled, never perfectly unite and incorporate. 1788 J. Woodhouse Let. i, in (1896) II. 204/2 No earthly pow'r can bind the free-born Will... 'Tis oil with water join'd, or fire with phlegm, What Dolt would ever dream of mixing them? 1820 J. Keats June (1931) II. 537 Men get such different habits that they become as oil and vinegar to one another. 1877 W. Sparrow xxiv. 327 Mercy and works of law know not one another; are mutually repellant; refuse to commingle like oil and water. 1910 Oct. 562/2 We might as well try to blend vinegar and oil, as mix together these two elements in one chamber. 1930 A. P. Herbert x. 120 ‘Why shouldn't our class marry his class?’ ‘It's oil and vinegar. They don't mix.’ 1938 26 Feb. 132/4 The ‘oil-and-water’ theory of the relation between magic and religion. 1992 (BNC) He operates in a completely different way. We're like oil and vinegar, oil and water. We just don't mix. 1993 D. James (BNC) vii He had made no secret of his opinion that women and boats were about as compatible as oil and water. C4. a. General attributive. (a) Of, consisting of, relating to, or dealing with oil. 1886 A. Winchell 136 The particular causes and conditions of oil-accumulation. 1991 Sept. 48/1 The Timor Sea..is known to have difficult geology, with the need to improve identification of potential oil accumulations, notably by 3D seismic. 1820 217 Gamon Oliver..Oil broker. 1977 250/2 Oil Brokers. 2003 (Nexis) 19 June c7/1 ‘Imports continue to be extremely high,’ said Tom Bentz, an oil broker at BNP Paribas Commodity Futures Inc. society > occupation and work > business affairs > a business or company > [noun] > companies involved in specific business 1827 J. S. Mill in 7 177 A prohibition of gas-lights might be called..protection to the oil-companies. 1910 25 380 The tax on motor oil would advance the interests of the Standard Oil Company. 1992 22 Feb. 11/2 The oil companies' huge fixed costs make their ‘downstream’ profits very vulnerable when business is weak. 1854 W. Henderson (ed. 2) i. 65 I have known a great advocate for cod-liver oil consumption mistake chronic pleurisy for the other disease.] 1915 12 Feb. 249/2 The resumption of local oil consumption by the Mexican railroads and mining industries served to revive activity. 1990 Sept. 3/1 World oil consumption has now climbed back to its peak of a decade ago. society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > workers with other materials > [noun] > with oil 1705 No. 4174/4 An Apprentice to an Oyl-Cooper in London. 1990 L. Stone x. 327 In the early nineteenth century there were a veterinary officer in a regiment..a linen-draper, a schoolmaster, a commercial traveller, and an oil-cooper. 1860 29 Sept. 211/3 Allowing ample time for deposits of earth, and the chemical combinations that have covered and continue to protect those oil deposits from being displaced and driven off by the waters. 1909 W. S. Tower v. 66 Many of the most valuable oil deposits..have been revealed by the more or less random process of ‘wild-catting’. 1985 G. Benford v. i. 289 They had to get the gravitometer from a geological group across campus. It was used to study faultings and mass displacements, in search of likely oil deposits. 1949 (B.S.I.) ii. 6 Oil-dilution system, a system by which the oil can be diluted to assist cold starting. 1980 R. D. Bent & J. L. McKinley (ed. 4) xii. 388/2 A rather ingenious method, known as oil dilution, is employed to facilitate starting aircraft engines when the temperature is very low. society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > residue of tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 479 Oildreggis mixt with cley. 1552 R. Huloet Oyle dregges, Muria, Amarica, Amurca. a1729 E. Taylor (1962) 121 To gagg their mouths wide open and them tun Sea Waters, Vinigar, Oyle dregs or scum. 1996 (Nexis) 25 Sept. 17 (letter) My wish to see the person(s) who allegedly released oil dregs from their ship..cannot, I know, be fulfilled. 1893 27 176 A brief résumé of work done in gas and oil explorations in Ontario. 1970 R. Barton i. 12 The lessons..that will be learned across the whole field of oceanology, from offshore oil exploration to physiological research in diving. 1991 14 Aug. 7/1 Oil exploration was at a high level last year, with up to 48 rigs working in the central and southern North Sea. 1903 12 25 Mineral-oil exports increased from 44 millions in 1890 to 68 millions in 1900.] 1927 E. Power tr. P. Boissonnade Index 351 Castile:..oil exports from, 235. 1984 G. H. Clarfield & W. M. Wiecek x. 280 After the outbreak of the Yom Kippur War, Egypt's Arab supporters in OPEC..declared an embargo on their oil exports. 1845 G. Budd 207 Some cells contain small oil-globules, marked by the clear rings. a1933 J. A. Thomson (1934) I. viii. 155 Slender ringed worms..may be brightly coloured with oil-globules as in the not uncommon Aeolosoma. 1998 95 11487/1 Sprey found a close correlation between increasing lipid content and accumulation of β-carotene, astaxanthin, and canthaxanthin in oil globules of Haematococcus. 1946 28 Dec. 931/2 Such indications include seepages, gas-escapes, oil-impregnations, elaterite veins, and bituminous coatings in fractures and joints. 1940 J. T. Adams (ed. 2) I. 264 The return flight was uneventful, and the motors continued to function in spite of the oil leak. 1993 Mar. 31/3 Apart from the usual tyre and wheel problems, there were oil leaks, damaged exhaust pipes and a cracked light lens. 1893 Aug. 485/1 The conversations of our own oil magnates and commercial kings in their palatial clubs. 1927 U. Sinclair 312 Mountains on every side, and the oil magnate owned everything in sight. 1992 D. Morgan ii. v. 83 Cars, clothing, and radios wended their way down through the class structure, from the wives of rich Tulsa oil magnates to secondhand shops in small towns to poor tenant farmers. 1772–4 R. Warner iv. i. 162 In the oil-market, those who cheat mankind, Or lay it in men's way to cheat themselves. 1930 22 Mar. 652/2 Experience shows that this group invariably emerges from a price-war with a stronger hold on the oil markets than before. 1988 10 Jan. 12 a/4 The shaky oil market has combined with inflation, unemployment and foreign debt to make once-affluent Venezuelans view 1988 with gloom. society > trade and finance > trader > traders or dealers in specific articles > [noun] > in oil 1730 T. Cooke Petty-sessions of Poets in 8 The next was a Syllaba longa, a 'Squire, An Oil-Merchant once, but a Man of some Fire. 1837 N. Whittock et al. 349 Another species of oil-merchants deal mostly in sweet oils, and a few leading articles of foreign produce, termed dry saltery. 1991 106/1 A third-generation ‘oliandolo’ or oil merchant, Ardoino chooses and blends oils from different pressings. society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > a or the government > government minister > [noun] > minister in British government > of specific department 1960 B. Shwadran ii. 22 A presidential announcement of February 6, 1960 stated that ‘..Dr. Talaat ash-Shaibani, Minister of Planning, will become in addition acting Oil Minister’. 1992 25 Nov. a9/2 At OPEC's winter conference..Mr. Aghazadeh will urge OPEC to increase its benchmark price to the $21 target agreed to by the oil ministers in July 1990. 1867 IX. 767/1 The formation of yolk by the evolution of albuminous granules and oil-particles from the plasma, and the development of an outer layer of membrane, complete the unimpregnated egg. 1996 A. 452 881 Above average concentrations of oil particles occurred around Glasgow. 1918 28 June 638/2 The oil-pressure method is somewhat time-consuming, laborious and untidy. 1964 G. Lyall ii. 17 I managed just to..keep my eyes on the oil pressure gauge. 1995 31 Mar. 89/3 Testers found 8724kg..maximum capacity at 100% oil pressure with the lift arms fully raised. 1874 Mar. 205 Late artists drew upon their oil priming, and did not begin with Van Eyck's elaborate outlines on the white ground. 1990 32 66 As early as the 1430s,..painters had been covering wooden panels with a carefully polished chalk..ground, which they sealed with glue and oil primings. 1917 Aug. 131 The adoption of an oil-burning navy will prove a tremendous drain on the oil reserves of this country. 1966 P. O'Donnell iii. 58 Kuwait..holds a quarter of the world's known oil reserves. 2001 P. Anton et al. ii. 8 Plants might be engineered to produce bio-polymers (plastics) for engineering applications..without using oil reserves. 1941 104 271 A very large proportion of the oil revenue was derived from petrol and other oils. 1999 Sept. 97/3 Kroll had been commissioned..to explore how the dictator had siphoned off oil revenues and salted them away safely abroad. 1850 C. Anthon tr. Cicero xvi. 180 Cella vinaria, olearia, &c. ‘The wine-room, the oil-room, the provision-room also’. 1886 2 Oct. 11/3 Disagreeable smells, as if of a steamboat's lower regions, proved this to be the oil-room. 1999 E. D. Bomberger 191 He secretly boarded an English steamer and stowed himself away in a greasy oil room. 1906 J. Conrad xxxi. 164 Petroleum ships discharge their dangerous cargoes and the oil-storage tanks low and round with slightly-domed roofs, peep over the edge of the foreshore. 1973 1 Dec. 2/3 He..spends his days servicing and maintaining his donkey and its four cylindrical oil storage tanks and logging the amount of oil. 1996 June 49/2 Instead of standing directly on the seabed..it is mounted on either piled steel foundations or alternatively, a concrete base that may be additionally used for oil storage. 1851 Mar. 273 It is however in the mode adopted for the adjustment of the oil supply to the burner that the improvement for which the inventor claims the name ‘Moderator’ consists. 1909 Oct. 575 Depôt ships for destroyers, mother-ships for submarines, and oil-supply vessels. 2002 11 Feb. 48/1 Russia's oil industry has awakened from long hibernation with a clout that is helping to..reduce worries that the war on terrorism will disrupt oil supplies. 1903 H. R. Procter xxiv. 384 We may apply some of the ideas which we have formed with regard to oil-tannages to the action of fats upon tanned leather. 1950 L. K. Mason 15 Oil Tannage, or ‘shamoying’, used mainly for wash~leather sheepskins (‘chamois’) and the like. 1916 C. L. Jones xvii. 284 Curiously enough, the oil wealth of the world lies very largely in the hands of nations which are either outclassed in the naval competition, or are peculiarly hampered by circumstances. 1992 14 Mar. 151/1 The OECD reckons Norway could use its oil wealth more efficiently. (b) Containing or conveying oil. tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) vii. 58 (MED) Now potage ware in askes mynge, and kepe In oil barelles [L. vasis olearijs] or salt tubbis done. 1625 Brechin Test. IV. in f. 198 Vllie barrall. 1842 N. Hawthorne 109 One fellow sits on the counter, a second bestrides an oil barrel. 1991 D. McBain 58 He waded to his knees and bellied his way onto a raft of scrag-barked logs lashed to oil barrels. 1918 E. S. Farrow 417 Oil bomb, in trench warfare, a large oil drum containing oil and a quantity of high explosive, which dissipates the burning oil in all directions. 1992 S. Holloway xxi. 174/2 The small, slim magnesium incendiaries..were fed by a succession of oil bombs which quickly produced enormous conflagrations. 1761 L. Sterne III. xx A goldsmith's crucible, an oil bottle, an old slipper, or a cane chair. 1891 Aiming Drill, The oil bottle is to be carried in the trap in the butt... Push the thong into the trap,..press down the end of the thong and close the trap. 1990 C. Allen (1991) 16 My orderly made a teat from an old oil bottle, which we used to keep our ghee [clarified butter] in. 1929 39 461 (table) Purchases of coal and oil bunkers abroad. 1970 22 May 917/1 The U.S. Navy aircraft carrier Saratoga had cleaned its bilges or oil bunkers in the Catalina Channels. 1843 L. M. Child xl. 273 Children are driving hither and yon, one with a..band-box, or oil-canakin. 1865 4 Mar. 143/2 Recently, says the Philadelphia Press, a rotary oil car for the carriage of coal oil brought its first load of petroleum to this city via the Pennsylvania Railroad. 1898 R. Kipling 250 There were oil-cars, and hay-cars, and stock-cars full of lowing beasts. 1960 J. Kerouac 87 Bridge over railyard with snow covered oil cars. 1852 (Royal Soc.) 142 629 The corpuscles figured..resemble those of scaly epithelium. They are pregnant with molecules and oil-cells. 1960 K. Esau xiii. 162 Cells similar in appearance to the oil cells but with unspecified contents occur in many other families. 1851 App. 32 (table) 1 stove and funnel,..5.00. 1 oil closet,..3.00. 1 six gallon oil can,..1.25. 1894 E. Stratemeyer xxv. 200 Lowell had objected so strongly to the coal locker they had put him in the oil closet(the rankest place on board). 1910 82 168 During all this time I had experienced no difficulty in obtaining a good product nor had I any trouble in keeping it in my oil closet. 1956 N. L. Engelhardt et al. iv. 78 Custodial workshop. Workers' locker provisions. Custodial sink closets. Engineers' oil closet. 1855 10 Nov. 70/1 An oil cock attached to the reservoir above is then opened a little to allow the oil to pass by the syphon into gas. 1910 20 Oct. 4/4 I lifted my foot to kick open the oil cock, but the moment I let go of the rudder control my machine wobbled badly. 1923 ii. 201 Care should be taken that the correct amount of oil is in the oil pump at the bottom of the base chamber; an oil cock or dip rod is fitted for this purpose. 1860 11 Aug. 108/2 The oil duct or tube by which the oil is conveyed into the lowermost sub-division of the reservoir. 1960 K. Esau i. 6 Intercellular cavities or canals lined with secretory cells (resin ducts, oil ducts). 1997 38 581/1 In addition, extensive oil ducts and oil reserves may be found in subcutaneous tissue and intermuscular spaces in sea mammals. 1866 21 Apr. 268/2 Fourth, the oil feed pipe, F, passing in part through the water, substantially as described. 1905 15 Feb. 8/2 It has a horizontal engine,..forced oil-feed, automatic carburation, [etc.]. 1971 F. Stuart 45 Learning to manipulate the controls of the little engine, keeping an eye on the oil feed, avoiding the potholes made by the military tenders. 1853 A. Hunter a42 Machines for making cigars, cheese presses, oil presses, oil filters, stump extractors, [etc.]. 1925 ii. 28 Unscrew the large plug at the bottom of the sump, when the oil filter, which is attached to it, may be withdrawn. 1992 Aug. 422/2 For commonplace spares such as spark plugs, wiper blades and oil filters, you are likely to have quite a wide choice to suit your car. society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > flask, flagon, or bottle > [noun] > phial or ampoule 1580 C. Hollyband Vne buire à mettre l'huile, an oyle glasse, a vyole. society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessel for oil > [noun] 1535 1 Sam. xvi. 13 Then toke Samuel his oyle horne, & anoynted him. a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal (1673) 136 That makes with his great oil-horn much a do. 1961 C. Aldred 255 Syrians, accompanied by young children, are shown bringing gold and silver vessels, an oil-horn and a quiver as gifts to the Pharaoh at his accession. 1743 W. Ellis (Dublin ed.) May xi. 120 Another Farmer..kept his Chamberlie in a great Oil Jar. 1859 A. Trollope viii. 71 He had been useful as a great oil-jar, from whence oil for the quiescence of troubled waters might ever and anon be forthcoming. 1993 62 375 At present we have no good idea of the contents of the amphoras. Some are generally considered to be oil jars. 1851 H. Melville xx. 107 This excellent hearted Quakeress..with a long oil-ladle in one hand. 1955 (Rolls-Royce Owners' Club) Feb. 173/1 Two oil ladles serve pump and generator shaft bearings. Other ladles inside the front plate serve cam shaft and idler gear bearings. 1990 M. R. Saso 20 Hold the beads, vajra, and large oil ladle in the left hand. Pick up the small oil ladle in the right hand. 1852 8 May 270/1 Nor do I claim..the oil pipe for the lower bearing of the shaft. 1979 22 Sept. 36/3 Makers of ship-to-shore oil pipes. 1876 S. P. Sadtler in F. Platt (U. S. Geol. Survey) 148 The gas is used to heat the boilers of the pumping engine of an oil pipe-line. 1946 37 The laying of a system of oil pipelines under the sea stretching across the Channel from the British coast to the Continent. 2000 16 Apr. 1/6 Albright expressed US pleasure with Almaty's stance on the proposed Baku-Ceyhan oil pipeline. society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessel for oil > [noun] (Harl. 221) 364 Oly potte, or oly vesselle. 1764 J. Boswell Let. 24 July in (1953) I. 37 Thomson used to sweat so much the first nights of his plays..his wig was as if it had been dipped in an oil-pot. 1911 C. J. Jackson (1973) I. 372 [A] hook was probably used for lifting the tow or wool from the bottom of the oil-pot to the thumb of the priest for anointing the recipient of the unction. 1971 K. Awoonor ii. 26 There is the hour when the sun is red, like a broken oil pot over the sea. 1936 A. R. Burns iii. 94 Of 39 changes in crude oil prices in this field..only two were made by a non-Standard company.] 1951 in M. McLuhan 114 That's why you pay the lowest oil prices in the world. 1991 4 Feb. 10/2 Rising consumer confidence and falling oil prices are the keys to any upturn, many analysts believe. 1859 D. A. Wells (ed. 5) 301 This gas was discovered in 1796 by an association of Dutch chemists, who gave it the name of ‘olefiant’ (oil-producer), from its formation with chlorine of a compound having the appearance of oil. 1975 Aug. 287/1 By the 1980s,..Britain may rank among the top 10 oil producers in the world. 1856 S. J. M. Eaton vi. 64 There was in this physician's theory but one link lacking in order to have anticipated the entire scheme of oil production, as it was afterwards generally carried on. 1991 13 July 77/3 Smaller producers have fallen behind since state monopolies took over oil production. 1769 J. Watt Let. Mar. in J. P. Muirhead (1854) I. 50 The oil-pump, which returned the oil constantly to the piston. 1856 Aug. 207/2 Innumerable specifications for burners, oil-cisterns, oil-pumps, oil-pump valves, [etc.]. 1929 2 Nov. 4/7 The oil pump, driven by skew gear from the camshaft, is in the sump. 1991 26 Sept. 18/1 Stronger Pistons are used, the cylinder head water jacket has improved cooling and the water and oil pumps are uprated. 1870 J. S. Wright (ed. 2) 204 (table) List of Manufactures in Chicago, May 1867, and Number of Establishments... Kerosene Oil Safe..1. 1889 Mar. 713/1 No distributer devised would oil the seas ahead of the ship, except, perhaps, oil-shells or projectiles fired from guns on board. a1944 K. Douglas (1946) iv. 26 They began to introduce some sort of oil-shell which burst with a much greater volume of flame and of black smoke. 1884 F. J. Britten (new ed.) 47 Oil sinks are formed in watch and clock plates so that..the oil is kept close to the pivot. 1962 E. Bruton 102 Le Roy, Julien... Perfected the oil sink about 1725 and may have invented the rod gong and dumb repeater. 1923 W. Deeping ix. 85 A man was bending over one of the wings, pouring oil into the oil-sump. 1950 Aug. 121/1 Lubricating oil temperatures range from 250° F. in the oil sump on a warm day to 300° F. in the bearings. 2003 (Nexis) 14 June 2 Volvo also redesigned the oil sump for better oil supply to the engine. 1852 27 Mar. 23/1 A compact set of oil-tanks and cisterns. 1923 H. S. Bell 293 Corrosion in oil tanks occurs at three points. 2001 June 25/1 Donne specified a number of extras including an extra oil tank built into the bulkhead, behind the reserve fuel tank. 1858 F. B. Wilkie 264 The large assortment of Brass and Iron Fitting constantly on hand, such as..Oil Valves, Heaters, Boiler Pumps,..&c. 1901 17 July 498/1 Sand dropped into the oil-valves. 1984 (Royal Soc.) B. 304 196 We have been singularly unsuccessful in convincing our colleagues of..the importance of what we are doing when it is not directly related to somebody helping to cap an oil valve. society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessel for oil > [noun] 1858 Mrs. E. Hornby 210 I was greatly taken with the huge oil-vases, and thought instantly of Morgiana and the Forty Thieves. 1999 Re: Saw ‘Intimate Stranger’ for the First Time in alt.tv.xena (Usenet newsgroup) 23 Sept. Aren't these supposed to be the toughest army since Xena's? Yet they run at the first sign of flying oil vases? society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessel for oil > [noun] a1382 (Bodl. 959) 3 Kings xvii. 12 I haue..a litil of oile in an oile vessel. 1899 26 Sept. 9/1 At the terminus of the railway the Dominion Government is erecting complete wharfages to make the harbour suitable for oil vessels. 1997 G. Schopen vi. 107 When Mahäkäyapa approaches the funeral pyre of the Buddha, he takes the lid off the oil vessel, removes the cloths wrapped around the body [etc.]. (c) Producing oil; relating to the production or distribution of oil. 1863 16 Aug. 3/3 You see, in close proximity on every side, oil depots, oil refineries, oil derricks. 1970 W. G. Roberts xiv. 141 Even the small barge which plies up and down a big river to supply a local oil depot will have to have a crew. 1862 22 Feb. 122/1 This oil district is peculiar in many respects. 1989 21 89 In the oil districts of the Maracaibo region workers went on the rampage. 1841 9 Oct. 96/1 The oil factory of the Staten Island Whaling company was burnt. 1914 W. D. Steele 81 I looked away at the dock and the oil-factory, black, desolate, dusty. 1990 70 569 Nor did Gadala María's oil factory receive any of the benefits that the Sociedad Industrial Dominicana enjoyed. 1958 2 June p. v/4 The oil feedstocks are thermally cracked in the presence of steam to make a fixed gas and heavy tar. 1976 124 579/1 A great deal of work has been done on converting soyabeans and other high-energy substrates (even oil feedstock) into proteinaceous material that can be spun, like nylon, and given a texture like that of lean meat. 1870 F. von Mueller in E. Cooper (1876) 98 How inexhaustible a material for this oil industry is everywhere accessible in our ranges. 1951 in M. McLuhan 114 Competition is just as much a part of the oil industry as wells or refineries. 2001 1 July iii. 11/2 The ‘graying’ of the oil industry has become so pronounced that in seven years, the sector could lose 40 percent to 60 percent of its work force to retirement. 1826 T. Flint II. iv. 144 I gave the sweet girl as many grave maxims, to regulate her department, as the Don did Sancho, when he sent him away, to govern his ‘Oil-land’. 1924 Mar. 231 Adjacent to one of the California reserves were oil lands that were under active development. 1981 (new ed.) 93 Many claims were filed on oil lands in Natrona County as early as 1885, but nothing was done toward the actual drilling of oil..until 1888. 1973 7 Aug. 11/7 The oil-platform proposals. 1974 12 Apr. 7/4 The public inquiry into the proposal to build giant concrete oil platforms at Drumbuie, Loch Carron, has ended after 43 days of speeches and evidence. 1995 Aug. 30/1 This monster oil platform destined for the Troll gas field 80 kilometres north-west of Bergen in Norway, weighs a million tonnes and is 472 metres high. society > occupation and work > workplace > places for working with specific materials > place for working with oil or gas > [noun] > oil refinery 1855 J. C. Smith 745/1 It [sc. Halberstadt]..has..large oil refineries, many breweries, & an active trade in corn and wool. 1904 I. M. Tarbell I. 39 Many a man in Cleveland tried his luck in an oil refinery. 2000 18 June (Business section) 3/5 The key 190 US oil refineries producing petrol for the nation's gas guzzlers are working at full tilt. 1859 12 Nov. 319/2 This excitement is unabated, as the subjoined extracts from papers issued in the oil region demonstrate. 1923 11 July 36 There was, of course, the rush of adventurers, oil promoters, highjackers (an oil-region term for murderous robbers). 1999 E. E. Ericson 71 Stalin had gotten the territorial settlement he wanted (compatible population, oil regions, and the direct route from Germany to Rumania) at the price of minimal military effort. society > trade and finance > trading place > place where retail transactions made > [noun] > shop > shop selling provisions > other provision shops 1679 T. Oates 32 Where they found an Oyl-shop, which the said Groves bragg'd he fir'd. 1752 J. Hill III. 315 They generally purchase..the bottoms of the casks at our oil-shops. 1891 G. Gissing III. xxxi. 184 When he went upstairs about nine o'clock in the morning he discovered that his host kept an oil-shop. 1935 D. L. Sayers vi. 125 Mullins..knocked up a chap he knows what lives over his own oil-shop. 1886 Jan. 252/1 Great complaints were made that all the oil terminal facilities of railways..were owned or leased by the Standard interests. 1941 15 157 Proper location of bulk oil terminals, boat harbors, swimming beaches. 1993 18 Jan. 33/2 Shetland may be a haven for seabirds and otter, but it is also home to Europe's largest oil terminal, built as an entrepôt for North Sea crude. 1856 W. Whitman (new ed.) 134 Oil-works, silk-works, white-lead-works. 1910 I. 765/1 There are also extensive breweries, tanneries and soap and oil works. 1999 A. Findlay 39 The bus picked them up at Mid Calder and East Calder and took them up to the Oilworks. (d) Obtained or derived from oil. 1902 at Oil sb.1 Oil spirit. 2000 (Nexis) 30 Oct. The struggles of the Ogoni people in the region, concerned about environmental degradation from oil spirits..was epitomized by writer Ken Saro-Wiwa. (e) In which oil is used as fuel. 1932 E. Bowen xxiv. 231 She went into the scullery; here the oil-cooker was potent; she opened the window. 1977 J. Thomson vi. 81 A leanto scullery..that contained the sink and an oil-cooker. 1860 A. W. Chase (ed. 8) 191 I use a long, cast iron, oil heater, made for the purpose. 1895 Spring & Summer 424/1 Oil Heater..will comfortably warm a large room in very cold weather. 1999 M. Frayn (2000) 198 I think about him sitting out here with the oil heater going. the world > matter > light > artificial light > an artificial light > artificial light defined by light-source > [noun] > oil-lamp 1745 (Royal Soc.) 43 448 A small Oil-Lamp on the Floor was cover'd with Ashes, but no Oil in it. 1813 E. Weeton (1969) II. 92 A painted glass cylinder..intended to contain within it, either an oil lamp or a candle. 1962 L. Davidson iii. 56 A dark and malodorous shack, lit by oil lamps. 2002 Mar. 110 (caption) Among the most intriguing was a collection of tableware that included an oil lamp and a pair of one-handled cups. 1899 6 May 358/2 Langton had doubts whether under any circumstances it would be wise to trust so delicate a craft as an oil-launch to the mercies of the Krooboy. a2000 D. Johnson (2004) x. 78 In 1901 Archibald Weir, a partner in the fish factory at Moeraki in North Otago, had a 16-metre oil launch built in Auckland. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > oil 1893 Oct. 218/2 (heading) Gas and Oil Motors. 1922 C. T. Jackson in B. C. Williams 29 He turned back to the crude oil motor whose mad pounding rattled the old bayou stern-wheeler from keel to hogchains. 1963 E. A. Brand 114 A preventitive [sic] maintenance check list with time schedules and directions would include..Oil motors in refrigeration units, fans, heaters [etc.]. the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > heating or making hot > that which or one who heats > [noun] > a device for heating or warming > devices for heating buildings, rooms, etc. > stove > types of stove 1852 T. F. Betton tr. V. Regnault I. 400 In order to ascertain the quantity of water which a salt gives off successively, at different temperatures, a small oil-stove or bath..is frequently used in the laboratory. 1934 B. Lehmann ii. ii. 73 ‘When summer comes again...’ He trilled as he lit the oil-stove. 1998 26 Oct. 86 (advt.) They..visit an Inuit village where the basic comfort level is probably a little oil stove or something like that. b. (a) Objective. (i) 1769 A. Hunter ii. 39 Rape and hemp are oil-bearing plants. 1863 75 271 The out-croppings of the lowest members of the Oil-Bearing Strata. 1990 Dec. 5/3 The Caspian oil-bearing region is only one of our untapped large reservoirs. 1894 Mar. 61/3 The barrels are intended for use by the large oil-carrying companies engaged in the oil trade in the East. 1996 104 189 There were many fanciful suggestions, including icebreaking supertankers and oil-carrying submarines. 1851 54 334 Treating bituminous coal..to obtain therefrom an oil containing paraffine which the patentee calls paraffine oil. 1910 20 Feb. 70/3 The necessity of conceiving the shape of the sand body as something different from the shape of the actual oil-containing reservoir is of great importance. 1995 17 Mar. 1632/3 In the latter study, the use of oil-containing seeds as the granular material provided sufficient free protons. 1887 Aug. 186/1 We present an illustration and description of an oil-distributing apparatus for the use of mariners, devised by Captain Townsend. 1984 16 306 Nationalization was extended throughout the early months of 1965 that covered oil-distributing companies. 1844 J. H. Stocqueler 57 Corn, cotton, oil-producing plants, and sugar. 1871 C. Kingsley II. xvi. 283 Can nothing be done in growing the oil-producing seeds with which the Tropics abound. 1974 21 Sept. 2/6 Scottish oil..could easily be undercut if the oil-producing states chose to lower their posted price. 1907 5 Dec. 4/2 The spring is..connected to the gear-box by an oil-retaining universal coupling. 1962 Feb. 37 Bronze oil-retaining brushes and thrust washers for aircraft. 1857 R. Fortune xxi. 421 Many of the useful and ornamental productions of China, such..as timber and fruit-trees, oil-yielding plants, dyes, etc. 1913 V. B. Lewes 26 The oil-yielding properties of seaweed. 1994 31 604 The higher oil-yielding trees were subjected to significantly less mean herbivory than trees with the lower total oil and cineole yields. (ii) 1914 29 759 To make probable the change of the country from an oil-importing to an oil-exporting basis. 1991 90 541 Even the oil-exporting nations of Africa could not support needed expansion of the bank in the wake of the wide oil price fluctuations. 1860 15 Sept. 179/2 Our correspondent will obtain information respecting the price of oil-refining apparatuses. 1977 21 Nov. (Eastern Province Suppl). p. iv/8 Yanbu has been chosen as the site for a large industrial complex based on petrochemicals and oil refining. (iii) 1929 31 May 9/3 Notable advances are being made in the technology of oil-cracking processes. 1995 R. Weir xvii. 328 In February 1938 the Management Committee discussed future policy on oil cracking. society > occupation and work > industry > drilling for oil or gas > [noun] 1901 32 219 An American mechanic from Pittsburg who had charge of the oil drilling machinery. 1974 10 Apr. 13/7 The next generation of British oil-drilling experts will be trained and produced in Scotland. 2001 18 Feb. a16/1 As Congress prepares to square off over oil drilling in Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a small company has quietly applied to drill 680 miles to the south. 1886 A. Winchell 137 I will now give you the whole philosophy of oil-finding and oil-production. 1987 15 May 763/2 The recent U.S. oil-finding record is dismal. tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) Tab. 274 (MED) Olyuys, putacioun, and oil makynge. 1860 M. Reid 272 When the allotments are determined, the work of oil-making [from turtle's eggs] begins. 1965 18 56 Among the less common productive industries there are already signs of the oil-making that gave its name to Ely Street. 1879 (U.S. Patent Office) 66/1 a is the chamber of the spindle; b its oil educt, and c the wick or oil-raising stuffing placed in such chamber. 1905 Sept. 51/1 The value of the air compressor for oil-raising purposes is gradually being proved in the various oil fields. 1910 750/1 This engineer, who has made a deep study of oil-raising methods. 1920 Proc. 32nd Ann. Meeting Amer. Econ. Assoc. in Mar. Suppl. 135 Oil raising in South Russia. 1961 100 127/2 A Cessna 180D has been specially fitted with equipment to keep holiday beaches clear of oil contamination... This process is known as ‘oil sinking’ and has been developed in Germany. (b) 1902 at Oil sb.1 Oil-atomizer. 1974 A. 338 482 Titanium dioxide particles were..dispersed with the aid of a fluidized bed which was located in place of the silicone oil atomizer. 1850 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Patents 1849: Arts & Manuf. 331 in (31st Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc. 20, Pt. 1) VI The complete hanger or pillow-block, with or without the oil-catcher. 1999 Re: Oil Filter Mess in rec.aviation.owning (Usenet newsgroup) 1 June I cut the side out of an empty quart oil container to form an oil catcher. 1866 10 Nov. 327/2 Second, I also claim, in combination with an oil distributor having an abrupt or sudden falling or dropping motion, a vibratory oil box. 2000 C. R. Geisst i. 38 One small oil distributor from Marietta, Ohio, had a long history of opposing Standard Oil in any manner he could. 1751 T. Sharp in H. Ellis (1843) 374 Tillotson..was a wet and dry-salter, or oil-drawer in London. 1853 58 They also exhibited a new oil-dripper, which appears to be just what has long been wanted—an oil-saver. a1889 R. Browning Imperante Augusto Natus Est in (1888–94) XVII. 101 No loitering, or be sure you taste the lash! Two strigils, two oil-drippers, each a sponge! 1909 11 Nov. 1537/2 The oil dripper has a small tube soldered into the bottom of the funnel. 2011 R. Rotella 27/1 Most production Pontiac V-8s produced through the early 1970s used a bolt-on oil-dripper to lubricate the rocker arms. 1843 R. Cornelius 1 (title) Improvement in oil-feeders. 1900 J. Conrad vi. 64 He set the log for me; he..put a drop of oil in it too. There was the oil-feeder where he left it near by. 1956 A. M. Johnson i. 19 When an official of the Lake Shore's oil feeder put the new rates into effect prematurely, oilmen from Oil Creek to New York harbor exploded in indignation. 1910 25 173 (title) California's black gold: the romance of the oil gushers. 1992 15 June 58/2 It was the retail equivalent of an oil gusher: as they say in Oklahoma, the whole thing just sort of blowed. 1221Vli maker..Hulimakiere [see sense 1a]. 1332 in G. Fransson (1935) 70 (MED) Will. Oylemaker. 1552 R. Huloet Oyler or oyle maker, Olearius. 1810 J. Mackintosh Jrnl. 16 Dec. in (1835) II. i. 75 After seeing a small cave called the ‘Oil-maker's cave’, we climbed up to another small cave. 1957 10 262 The mill at Kingswood was begun in 1605, and four years later he appointed his first oil-maker. 1833 Census Great Brit. 1831: Abstr. 830 in XXXVI. 1 Oil-refiner. 1939 Oct. 29/1 (advt.) Today oil refiners have a way of making vast quantities of high anti-knock gasoline economically. 2002 19 Apr. a10/2 The House and Senate bills would provide $14 billion to $33.5 billion in tax breaks for..oil and gas producers and oil refiners. 1914 (Royal Soc.) A. 213 82 It is mostly caught in an oil separator, but a trace of oil is carried round the whole circuit with the CO2. 2000 P. W. B. Semmens & A. J. Goldfinch iii. 99 The exhaust steam from the cylinders also contains oil, which..could be deposited on the metal surfaces, and reduce the heat transfer. An oil separator is therefore inserted in the exhaust steam pipe. 1874 Apr. 155/1 The same, when sufiiciently pulverized by grinding or otherwise, may be applied to the fabric to be made water-proof with the common rubber or oil-spreader. 1895 11 June 1471/2 An oil-spreader secured to the inner end of said shaft and adjacent to the discharge-end of the conical chamber. 1914 163 292/1 The negligent failure to stop of a driver of an oil spreader when requested to do so to prevent plaintiff's horse from being frightened. 1992 K. S. Obenski & P. F. Hill (ed. 2) xv. 185 The truck was a 1985 Peterbilt two-axle equipped with a Bear Cat oil spreader. 2005 P. K. Subramanyan in R. C. Dorf (ed. 2) iv. xxiii. 10 Some type of oil spreader machined in the location below the parting line is desirable in the case of larger bearings. (c) Instrumental. (i) 1932 Feb. 262/2 The camshaft and valve-gear as a whole are oil-bathed. 1949 G. R. Stewart i. v. 99 The great generators could spin upon their oil-bathed bearings for years. 1944 J. B. Parry in R. Greenhalgh viii. 283/2 One is well advised to use oil-bound distemper or other non-saponifiable paint. 1994 Oct. 21/1 On wood use an oil bound eggshell (either a pre-mixed paint..or use two parts undercoat to one part gloss). 1598 E. Guilpin Prel. sig. B8 Hence with these fidlers, whose oyle-buttred lines, Are Panders vnto lusts. 1893 20 Mar. This oil-driven locomotive is at once an innovation and a success. 1930 W. J. Smyth 35 They saw the oil-driven winch, or log-hauler, as it is called. 1996 26 107/2 The oil-driven boom later in the twentieth century. 1754 G. Jeffreys tr. J. Vanière Country Farm i, in G. Jeffreys 182 Let oil-fed lamps, and wool, within be pent, And cover close with boards the narrow vent. 1886 16 Jan. 47/2 A vessel..propelled entirely by oil-fed furnaces. 1991 17 50/3 Some attribute these changes to the severe economic deterioration that has hit Nigeria since the end of the oil-fed boom of the 1970s. 1857 J. Woodmansee 37 With his oil-filled and brightly-burning lamp He tends to Angel-duties of the Church. 1904 A. F. Berry in M. Maclean II. i. vii. 78 If a fire breaks out in the oil-filled tank itself, the latter may be run out into the air. 2000 J. Cummings 27 More traditional aahãan wâang can be picked up..from street vendors who fry up their fare in large oil-filled woks. 1931 W. Faulkner xvi. 136 The white men sitting in tilted chairs along the oil-foul wall of the garage. 1904 R. W. Bond in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher I. 377 (note) On the bit of wood they might chance to find the oil-impregnated tobacco pulled of [sic] the bottom of the pipe of some smoker who had last used it. 1992 Oct. 25/3 Grease zerks have been removed from all the opener pivot points and oil-impregnated bushings are now used. 1853 (Royal Soc.) 143 16 The same oil-laden cells are seen at times dehiscing, and apparently discharging their contents into the fissure. 1994 No. 191. 1 US policy is to insure that this oil-laden region remains, in effect, neither Persian nor Arab but an American Gulf. 1872 ‘G. Eliot’ I. ii. xv. 264 A dim, oil-lit street. 1974 G. Jenkins vii. 107 I went down..to the shabby oil-lit cabin. 2002 (Nexis) 10 Nov. 67 England stands for the Church of England, eccentric incumbents, oil-lit churches, Women's Institutes, modest village inns [etc.]. 1912 Apr. 287/2 Oil-mixed concrete is best made by mixing the cement, sand, and water to a mortar, adding the oil to the mixture, [etc.]. 1993 Rivets vs Screws (Sailing) & Oil Mixed Petrol (Power) in rec.boats (Usenet newsgroup) 28 Apr. For many years..I have had half a tank full of 2% oil mixed petrol at the end of the season. 1928 7 272/1 Ploughs, mechanic's tools, oil-operated irrigation pumps and rice polishers. 1972 S. H. Henshall xv. 269 A single uni-directional engine with oil operated reversing gear could easily be combined on one lever on the bridge. 1934 H. Hiler iii. 157 The ordinary oil-primed canvases. 1991 Nov. 33/1 Bruce begins with preliminary drawings in pencil or charcoal. One of these is squared-up onto an oil primed canvas and underpainted. 1862 5 Apr. 221/2 G. E. Van Derburgh of Mamaroneck, of New York City, for Improved Oil-Proof Cask. 1906 29 May 5/4 The licensing authority should require motor bus proprietors to provide an oil-proof receptacle under the bonnet of each omnibus. 1975 10 Oct. 179/2 (advt.) Waterproof, oilproof and acid resistant. 1914 H. Brearley vi. 72 The surface of the air-hardened steel is less hard than that of water or oil quenched steel. 1993 88 911/1 Specimens were prepared using four different cooling methods (water-quenched, oil-quenched, air-blown, and furnace-cooled). 1973 3 11/1 The old British policy of plundering Iran's raw materials (mainly oil), preventing the development of basic and oil-related industries. 1998 14 Aug. 25/3 The Russian rouble ‘is in many ways a petro-currency—40pc of exports are oil-related’. 1952 C. Day Lewis tr. Virgil iv. 78 His chin and oil-sleeked hair set off by a Phrygian bonnet. 1895 R. Kipling 171 The angekok..lay down to sleep with the others, in the warm, well-lighted, oil-smelling home. 1987 M. Dorris (1988) v. 66 I follow him into the oil-smelling, dead-aired office and sit on a..chair. 1881 T. Woolner xii. 188 The pile of pine-boughs resinous, Damp heaps of leaves on oil-soaked flax. 1995 25 June xiii. 6/3 With the dilapidated piers and oil-soaked pilings, you have to approach a potential fire..from water. 1867 Oct. 613 His loose work-day suit, oil-stained and grimy with lint. 1944 Aug. 291 His cap, battered flat and copiously oil-stained, stuck on the back of his head. 2001 Feb. 85/3 And when the day of the fight came, with a crowd of 300..surrounding the two men in a damp, oil-stained concrete yard, it didn't start well. 1887 Aug. 556/2 A waterproof combination jacket and mitten of oil-tanned seal-skin is worn by the hunter. 1953 D. Woodroffe vii. 80 Chamois or oil tanned leather is usually yellow, clothy and porous. 2000 L. Petrinovich iv. 81 On May 25..pieces of other thongs were burned to a cinder and eaten, followed by boots with their soles and oil-tanned sleeping bag covers. (ii) 1926 A. Sauveur (ed. 3) xv. 220 Water quenching is to be preferred to oil quenching if it can be performed without producing quenching cracks. 1980 (Royal Soc.) A. 295 215 A range of structures typical of those occurring in different high temperature components of steam power plant were obtained by oil-quenching, air-cooling and furnace-cooling. 1903 L. A. Flemming 410 Oil tanning with Turkey-red oil. 2000 (ed. 6) 45809 In oil tanning, or chamoising, the pelts are treated with fats and hung to dry. (d) Parasynthetic. 1909 3 June 205/2 A plutocrat..who could quell the North Sea with oil-bunkered Dreadnoughts. 1931 152 709/2 (heading) Coal and oil bunkered steamers: world tonnage. 1946 166 p. v./2 The advantages from an oil bunkered vessel which will use a minimum of labour will undoubtedly be found to compare favourably with coal. 1951 D. Thomas c17 Jan. (1987) 786 O evergreen, gardened, cypressed, cinema'd, oil-tanked, boulevarded, incense-and-armpit cradle of Persian culture. (e) Similative. the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > [noun] > shade or tint of green > light green 1673 No. 845/4 One Oyl green Carpet. 1843 J. E. Portlock 214 Of a fine oil green, or greenish-white colour. 1976 T. Hughes Mackerel Song in (1995) His [sc. the mackerel's] miniature ocelot oil-green stripings. the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [noun] > greenish yellow 1843 J. E. Portlock 214 Miemite of a rich yellowish-green, or oil yellow colour. 1927 142 208 I have put the tarsi down as oil yellow, the toes shading into yellowish oil green. 1995 T. Clark 174 Something unspoken swims Snakelike, muddy oil-yellow eyes, Russet scales on slick sides glinting. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to medium or technique > [noun] > oil-painting > an oil-painting 1611 T. Coryate sig. E6 Many goodly pictures of some of the Kings and Queenes of France,..drawen out very liuely in oyle workes. 1611 T. Coryate sig. E6v Pictures made in oyleworke vpon wainscot, wherein..the nine Muses are excellently painted. 1786 J. Woodforde 4 Mar. (1926) II. 229 Rec'd an oil Picture from my Nephew Saml. from London. 1856 D. G. Rossetti 15 May (1965) I. 301 That oil-sketch of the Queen and Page. 1882 W. Sharp iii. 240 The other picture is an oil head, differing slightly both from the chalk study and the completed painting. 1902 at Oil sb.1 Oil group. 1915 W. Owen 4 Apr. (1967) 329 Great talent in Life-Drawings and Oil Portraits; studied in Paris. 1939 W. Lewis 15 Dec. (1963) 268 1 oil-portrait and half-a-dozen chalk or pencil portraits. 1968 77 60 There are..watercolour pictures, oil pictures, as well as mental pictures. 1977 14 May 16/5 Oil sketches by Landseer, as opposed to large finished paintings, were fetching £10,000 and more a year or two back. 2000 30 Aug. ii. 10/2 An oil portrait of Verwoerd..was hung triumphantly above the stage at my white trash school. C5. the world > time > period > [noun] > of the world or history > specific eras or ages 1889 C. Marvin (title) The coming oil age. 1993 Oct. 77/2 It is still too early to predict whether humankind..is on the precipice of the transition of the Oil Age into the Biomimetic Age. society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker in oil industry > [noun] > magnate in oil trade 1926 P. T. Moon xvi. 442 Huerta was regarded in Washington..as a tool of Lord Cowdray (Pearson), the British oil baron. 1974 N. Marsh iii. 75 From the oil barons at the top to ex-business men at the bottom. 1933 Dec. 12 (advt.) Made of pure zinc, lithopone, and an oil base, selected and prepared by an exclusive Sonneborn process. 1950 111 477/2 Oil emulsions were prepared by dissolving..each compound in..an oil-base carrier. 1994–5 Winter 95/1 Roll or brush on an alkyd (oil-base) floor enamel for a long-lasting base coat. 1950 H. S. Perloff xviii. 335 (table) Chemical products (alcohol, coconut-oil based, vegetable, and animal oils,..etc.).] 1953 114 275/2 For longer treatments.., an oil-based emulsion of 2, 4-D was used. 1994 Aug. 40/2 While interior latexes have painted their smelly alkyd counterparts into a corner, many professionals continue to use oil-based products for coating exterior wood surfaces. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Heteromera > family Meloidae > genus or member of genus Meloe 1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in (rev. ed.) 1016 In English it may fitly be called the Oyl-beetle, or the Oyl-clock. 1879 J. Lubbock 43 A small parasite..on one of the wild bees was the larva of the oil-beetle. 1990 II. 284/3 An oil beetle genus common in both Europe and North America is Meloe. the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > tract of land 1865 Apr. 563/2 The Canadian wells now flowing hundreds of barrels of oil are located on the borders of Lake Erie, far to the west of the so-called oil belt. 1996 76 585 Others advocate the..development of the Orinoco Oil Belt, one of the largest oil provinces yet discovered. the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > [noun] > oil pollution 1966 24 Sept. 1275/1 The danger of underwater damage to floating oil-bergs with nearly 100 feet of ship below the surface is considerable. 1977 10 Jan. 53/3 Most [scientists] believe that if the globs of oil, called oilbergs because most of their mass is below the surface, continue to move east, the damage will be held to a minimum. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > stone fruit > [noun] > olive the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > stone fruit > olive a1382 (Bodl. 959) (1969) Isa. xvii. 6 As þe shaking out of þe oile berie [a1425 L.V. the fruyt of olyue tre]. the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > palm trees > [noun] > oil palms the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > plant, nut, or bean yielding oil > [noun] > trees or shrubs yielding oil > tropical > oil-palms 1878 H. M. Stanley II. ix. 281 The oil-berry tree, the black ivory nut-tree, which might be made a valuable article of commerce. 1899 28 111 The peculiar oil bodies found in so many of the Hepaticæ were found scattered throughout the thallus, ventral scales, and sporogonial receptacle. 1913 55 470 This particular kind of distribution he [sc. Sernander] called ‘myrmecochorous’, and showed that it was almost wholly due..to the presence of certain ‘oil bodies’ or elaiosomes. 1952 P. Mann ii. 249 The axis of the spikelet becomes swollen at the base of each fruit forming a small oil body which may attract ants and so help with dispersal. 2001 1531 47 Plant seeds store triacylglycerols (TAGs) in intracellular organelles called oil-bodies or oleosomes. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > other parts > [noun] > lubricators > lubricant > box for 1566 in E. Peacock (1866) 85 Itm̃ an oulboxe a holy water fate a crose and a cruet—sould to Rychard hardforthe. 1793 21 517 Oil-boxes, and hoop-fellied wheels are great improvements. 1872 O. Shipley 334 Oil Box... Also called Oil Stock. 1877 57 Probably every one of us who has experience in handling foreign cars can fully realize the importance of our draw bars and oil-boxes. 2000 (Nexis) 23 Nov. The customs officers at the Horgos port discovered 156 kilograms of sahlite horn in an oil box of a truck. the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > circuit > circuit-breaker > [adjective] > opened in oil 1902 18 409 Switches of the second type (enclosed air) had no such limitation, but oil-break switches were found to meet the conditions more perfectly. 1917 July 42/1 Oil-break switches are generaly used on circuits of large capacity. 1999 C. Christopoulos & M. Wright i. 5 Expensive designs such as the oil-break fuses of home manufacture. 1891 O. Wilde (1905) 107 The king whom, in long green-curtained litter, slaves bore upon oil-bright shoulders, and fanned with peacock fans. 1987 32 9 Every bee..had the wet and oil-bright face of some familiar Cherokee. 1999 I. Edghill (2003) xxi. 266 Tamar stood there silent... Her eyes were oil-bright. 2010 E. St. J. Mandel ix. 48 Previously unimagined dwellings: a van in the parking lot of a grocery store in Queens, a boat on the oil-bright surface of the Gowanus Canal. 1860 10 Mar. 170/3 Of coarse [sic] I use the oil brush about the nipples and locks after shooting. 1979 C. Hayes ii. 31 (caption) Each oil brush contains a certain weight of hog bristle. 1886 7 283/2 The oil-burning apparatus has been fitted. 1924 44 191/2 The development of oil burning for land purposes has been retarded by the fluctuations in the price of oil. 1938 13 188 Oil-burning habit, a ravenous appetite for drugs. 1961 V. C. Miles vii. 83 The vapourising type burner is being used in increasing quantities for the conversion of solid fuel boilers to oil burning. 1989 R. Baker iii. 24 For winter there was an oil-burning furnace which roared merrily into action at the touch of a thermostat. 1994 ‘Dr. John’ & J. Rummel 87 He had an oil-burning dope habit. 1847 (U. S. Commissioner Patents) 260 (table) Spindle, oil bush... Jesse Hinman... Mar. 2, 1835. society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessel for oil > [noun] the world > animals > mammals > order Cetacea (whales) > [noun] > unspecified and miscellaneous types of 1823 J. F. Cooper I. xvii. 230 ‘No sir, 'tis a right whale’, answered Tom; ‘I saw his spout..He's a raal oil-butt, that fellow.’ 1851 H. Melville cxv. 547 The cabin mess dined off the broad head of an oil-butt, lashed down to the floor for a centrepiece. 1937 E. Partridge 581/1 Oil-butt, a black whale. society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessel for oil > [noun] society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > missile > ammunition for firearms > [noun] > bullet or shell > shell > trench mortar shell 1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover 65/1 Take an inveterate Oyle canne, which as yet is pinguedinous internallye. 1838 C. M. Goodridge (ed. 2) 59 We had saved an oil-can in the boat; this served us to make our mocoa in. a1917 E. A. Mackintosh (1918) 156 ‘Look out, sirr,..oil can coming over.’ Instantly self-preservation reasserted itself. 1992 17 Dec. 15/4 The plane looks as if it has been made from two oilcans and a pair of bicycle wheels. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > treated or processed in specific way > [adjective] > rendered waterproof > with oil > made of or covered with 1741 11 15 Tea in oil-case bags. 1766 J. Penrose Let. 31 May in (1983) 152 We can hardly hope, in your rainy corner of the Island that the Weather is more favourable. I wish, my Oil-case had been left behind. 1811 13 Oct. 666/2 He wore an oil-case over his hat. 1870 at Ciré Toile—e, 1. oil-cloth; 2. oil-case. the world > food and drink > food > place for storing food > [noun] > for oil society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > parts of machines > other parts > [noun] > lubricators > lubricant > box for tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 491 (MED) Thyn oilcelar sette on the somer side. 1609 I. 1 Paralip. xxvii. 28 For ouer the Oliuetes and the figgegroues, which were in the champayne, was Balanam a Gederite: and ouer the oile cellars, Ioas. 1849 R. Curzon vii. 77 I had by the by a great advantage over the good abbot, as I could see the workings of his features and he could not see mine, or note my eagerness about the oil-cellar. c1871 G. Weissenborn 176/2 To close the bottom of the box, exclude dust and catch the oil as it passes through the bearing, an oil-cellar..is fitted into the box underneath the journal. 1894 Sept. 4/2 When the French fleet were firing on the British batteries..neighbors took refuge in the oil cellar of Madsly adjoining the house. 1919 L. H. Morrison xxi. 358 Figure 283 is the same type of bearing, with the addition of an oil cellar and an oiler chain. 1998 M. P. Walker & J. R. Ash in A. K. Howard & J. L. Hitch 201 The oil cellar was a subsurface brick and concrete structure that housed four 10,000-gal...fuel oil USTs. 2016 R. Gallegos vi. 138 Venezuelans keep a close eye on the value of their vast oil cellar by tracking the price of an ‘oil basket’ that incorporates the different types of crude they own and sell. society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > testing, servicing, and storage of motor vehicles > [noun] > specific servicing or repair operations 1944 15 May 42 (advt.) They actually are drained out at every oil change, leaving the engine almost factory-clean. 1976 H. MacInnes xii. 105 I am putting my car in for an oil change. 1988 Mar. 53/4 I would change the oil at annual intervals (up to 25,000 miles per oilchange). the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > circuit > circuit-breaker > [noun] 1916 C. C. Garrard ii. 54 The remaining considerations which determine the rupturing capacity of an oil circuit breaker..are length and number of breaks under oil, or speaking generally the capability of the switch to bring a large quantity of oil into intimate contact with the arc so as to smother the same as effectively as possible. 1964 E. A. Reeves iii. 32 Medium-voltage oil circuit-breakers may be either incorporated in a cubicle or fitted on the outside of a metal-clad unit. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Heteromera > family Meloidae > genus or member of genus Meloe 1658 J. Rowland tr. T. Moffett Theater of Insects in (rev. ed.) 1016 In English it may fitly be called the Oyl-beetle, or the Oyl-clock. society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > coal or types of coal > [noun] the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > hydrocarbon minerals > [noun] > coal > other types of coal 1856–61 D. D. Owen 11 The lower fifteen inches of this coal..has been..found to be richer in oil..than the celebrated oil coal of Boghead, in Scotland. 1873 C. Robinson 52 Deposits of brown cannel oil coals and oil shales. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > coat > types of > weatherproof > waterproof > oilskin 1653 in J. R. Magrath (1904) I. 62 For an oyle-coat and hatt-case..16–00. 1896 Feb. 459/1 His ‘slicker’ or oil coat, was strapped to his saddle. 1904 A. F. Berry in M. Maclean II. i. vii. 79 Those [manufacturers] who use a shell-type oil-cooled construction of transformer..keep the temperature of part of the coils as nearly as possible at the temperature of the oil by spreading out the coils. 1973 R. W. Sillars x. 205 Oil-cooled power equipment..requires a medium which is fluid at all climatic and operating temperatures. 1904 30 July 1651 Oil coolers are erected in the basement below the turbos, through which the lubricating oil is passed, and cooled by means of a cold water circulation. 1976 ‘A. Hall’ xv. 207 I checked the oil-cooler frame. 1991 Jan. 324/2 (advt.) Main distributors for..Enfield Z-drives, Mitsubishi, Bowman manifolds and oil coolers. Johnson pumps, sterngear and propellers. 1911 H. Bohle & D. Robertson iv. 61 Another disadvantage of oil-cooling is the fact that if a fault occurs necessitating the withdrawal of the oil and the removal of the transformer it is frequently necessary to rewind the coils. 1970 J. Shepherd et al. (ed. 2) ix. 278 For larger transformers oil cooling is needed, especially where high voltages are in use. 1920 14 446 Note sent from U. S. State Department to French Government on the world oil crisis. 1974 473 The general scattering of national energy problems of the earlier part of the year became concentrated into a global oil crisis in the closing months. 2001 C. Fiell & P. Fiell 141 The oil crisis of the early 1970s..necessitated a more rational approach to design. 1833 Abstr. Answers Acct. Population Great Brit. 1831 I. 283 in (H.C. 149) XXXVI. 1 Oil-crusher. 1978 44 562 Contracting growers..received diversion payments for delivering a portion of the crop to oil crushers and feed mills. 1995 Mar. 78/2 Half-timbered houses from all over Alsace have been reconstructed here to form a kind of working village, with..demonstrations of traditional occupations by a blacksmith, cartwright, oil crusher and laundresses. society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > lubricating equipment society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessel for oil > [noun] 1850 Ann. Rep. Commissioner Patents 1849: Arts & Manuf. 233 in (31st Congr., 1st Sess.: House of Representatives Executive Doc. 20, Pt. 1) VI The combination of the tight oil cup with the axle. 1924 A. W. Judge I. 245 The shackle pins..should be provided either with screw-down greasers or dust-proof oil cups. 1969 Summer 25/1 Tilt oil-cup (also called axle cup) to angle of about 45°, fill with oil, rotate wheel counter clockwise. society > occupation and work > equipment > oil and natural gas recovery equipment > [noun] > drilling equipment > devices for raising or lowering 1863 16 Aug. 3/3 You see, in close proximity on every side, oil depots, oil refineries, oil derricks. 1976 24 Dec. 6/3 Aberdeen District planning and building control committee yesterday granted planning permission for a 96-ft steel oil derrick which is to be built above a 1000-ft deep test well. 1865 W. Wright 57 I fear some of the ‘under shepherds’ are more intent on oil development than in rebuking the vices and follies of the community. 1988 Summer 16/1 The longstanding issue of oil development in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. 1924 39 267 Through the good offices of Mr. C. S. Gulbenkian, an Ottoman subject..sometimes called the Talleyrand of oil diplomacy. 1992 11 May 44/3 McCloy..was a central figure in oil diplomacy—he represented the Rockefellers through Chase and the oil companies through his law firm. society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with coating or covering materials > work with coating or covering materials [verb (transitive)] > coat or cover with other materials tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) i. 482 (MED) Drie hit wel, & then oyldregge hit efte. 1597 W. Shakespeare i. iii. 214 My oile-dried lampe. View more context for this quotation the world > animals > fish > [noun] > spawn > an egg or parts of the world > matter > constitution of matter > oiliness or greasiness > [noun] > oiliness > oil > drop of 1849 (Royal Soc.) 139 110 I find it [sc. part of the stomach of a starfish] to consist of..granular globules, oval or circular transparent vesicles, yellow amorphous matter and oil-drops. a1866 J. Keble (1869) With sweet oil-drops in His hour Feed the branch of many lights. 1913 1 218 Improvements which the ‘oil drop method’ introduced into the study of the Brownian movements. 1939 X. Herbert in B. James (1963) 115 The first sight that caught his eye was a row of sparkling oil-drops hanging from the face of yet another outcrop. 1968 M. S. Livingston ii. 13 The first precise measurement of the electronic charge came with the results of Millikan's oil-drop experiment in 1909. 1990 D. A. Bositis 48 Millikan's oil-drop experiment is of the first type. society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessel for oil > [noun] 1909 24 July 6/3 Two small oildrums will be fixed beneath the plank. 1989 W. Deverall 38 To warm themselves, they'd lit an oil-drum stove by the alley behind the station. 1916 13 Feb. 3/2 (headline) Italy raises the olive oil embargo.] 1917 13 Apr. 3/2 (headline) Mexico abandons idea of oil embargo. 1975 21 Jan. 4/1 The lifting of the oil embargo against the US. 2001 7 Apr. 2/3 Calls across the Arab World for an oil embargo or boycott of U.S. goods to support the Palestinian intifada fell on deaf ears. society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > oil 1888 25 May 248/1 One mechanical horse-power at our oil-engine can supply twelve corresponding incandescent electric lights. 1896 1 Dec. 6/3 The first exhibition of any oil-engines in this country..in 1887 in the Agricultural Hall. 1989 Jan.–Feb. 24 The lorry was powered by a Gardner SLW oil engine of 7 litres capacity. 1913 Jan. 31/1 Many oil-engined ships are..being built. 1951 39 110 Oil-engined pumping mills..keep the dyke water levels well below those of the river. a1450 MS Bodl. 779 in (1889) 82 396 A whit coluere..brouȝt an oyl-fat in here bele. 1472 in H. J. F. Swayne (1896) 6 (MED) Item, a Oyle fate of silver. society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > packing, stuffing, or filling equipment > filler of oil-container the world > matter > colour > colouring > colouring matter > [noun] > paint > types of society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > workers with other materials > [noun] > with oil society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > oil > part of 1846 C. E. Beecher xxviii 249 Wash the outside of the oil filler, and wipe the scissors clean. 1860 June 8/1 New Bedford is the chief seat of the whaling interest... Here the gaugers, clerks, super-cargoes, oil-fillers..ply their busy offices. 1927 4 Dec. 11/4 The near side of the engine carries the self-starter and the oil-filler and a dip-stick gauge. 1937 13 Apr. p. xiii/1 The various stages.., therefore, are as follows:—First coat of primer, or foundation coat; first, second, third, and fourth coat of oil filler; guide coat for rubbing down; oil filler, [etc.]. 1989 Sept. 465/3 All main items easily accessible with dipstick and oil filler cap marked in red. 1900 22 June 651/1 It is coke instead of oil-fired. 1961 I. Murdoch xxi. 168 The famous oil-fired central heating seemed to be making little impression on the temperature of the room. 1999 2 Aug. 49/1 Electric water heater costs too much. Get an oil-fired one. 1903 11 July 364/1 The two firemen to be carried for coal burning would probably be reduced to one, there being little labour in oil firing. 1987 W. Hagelund x. 153 LeMarquand also instituted the conversion to oil firing for boiler heating, thus protecting the boilers from the high erosion factor of fly ash. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric manufactured in specific way > treated or processed in specific way > [noun] > made waterproof > with oil > specific a1756 E. Haywood (1771) 258 Directions concerning Oil Floor-Cloths. 1861 F. F. Smith in (U.S. Naval War Rec. Office) (1894) 1st Ser. I. 238 The officer and his men then went into my cabin and demanded to be shown the scuttle, which they opened by ripping up the oil floor cloth. society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > oil or types of oil > [noun] 1874 Catal. (H. C. Baird & Co.) 32 in L. D. B. Gordon tr. L. E. Gruner 220 Burning with Coal, Natural Gas and Crude Oil Fuels.] 1888 23 Apr. 11/1 Oil-fuel boats, and life-saving apparatus. 1970 D. Kut xx. 338 The grade of oil fuel best suited for a particular installation depends on the type of oil burner and on the hourly through-put of oil. 1909 B. Stoker v. 159 A small cruiser, with turbines up to date, oil-fuelled, and fully armed with the latest and most perfect weapons and explosives of all kinds. 1988 D. Rees xiv. 118 Nuclear energy..has grown and replaced many coal and oil-fuelled electricity power stations all over the world. 1860 T. Shaw Coal-oil furnace.] 1885 26 Oct. 2/1 The requirements of oil furnaces. 1957 V. Nabokov vi. 145 A cranky-looking oil furnace in the basement did its best to send up its weak warm breath through registers in the floors. 1990 3/2 Oil furnace (new 2 years ago) with eight heating zones. the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > cultivation of plants or crops > cultivation of fruit > [noun] > orchard or fruit garden > type of 1535 1 Sam. viii. 14 Youre best londe and vynyardes and oyle-gardens shall he take. society > occupation and work > materials > fuel > gas or types of gas > [noun] the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic gases > [noun] > other named 1820 J. de Ville in 1 61 I have fitted up..various manufactories with the oil gas. 1867 C. L. Bloxam 209 Anhydrous sulphuric acid is capable of combining with olefiant gas (C4H4) and oil-gas (C8H8). 1958 June 70/2 To build a..catalytic oil-gas process plant. 1876 W. T. Helmuth 34 This individual.., believing he had an obstruction in the urinary canal, thought to himself..that he..would proceed to cure himself of ‘his complaint’, and, having no instrument handy, concluded that one of these oil gauges, if I may so call it, would be the proper thing to use. 1966 P. J. O'Higgins x. 289 A monitor is an instrument that is used to measure..a quantity or condition that must be kept within a prescribed limit. An example is the oil gauge in an automobile. 1961 51 130/2 Ownership may be shared with the other international oil ‘giants’, as in the Middle East. 1992 June 9/1 It was the lure of the extractive industries that led this economics graduate to RTZ after working for Dunlop and the US oil giant, Mobil. 1847 J. C. Maitland xv. 193 A gilder living in the village..explained to him the nature of oil-gilding. 1992 M. Margetts 170/3 Oil gilding is the more durable of the two and is used for decorating furniture, but unlike water gilding, it cannot be burnished (polished). the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [noun] > uropygial gland the world > animals > animal body > general parts > substance or secretion and excretion > [noun] > gland which secretes oil 1835–6 I. 271/2 The neck of the bird..can be made to apply the beak to the coccygeal oil-gland. 1900 H. L. Keeler 32 Leaves—Alternate, compound, three-parted, dotted with oil glands. 1976 D. Blood i. ii. 56 Oil gland—located at base of horn in both sexes but it is largest in the male, particularly during the rut. 1996 Autumn–Winter 37 Cul de canard is the downy plumage found around the oil glands of most waterfowl. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > ornamental art and craft > gilding and silvering > [noun] > gilding > gilt 1710 18–20 Oct. Oyl Gold, as formerly done, when the Leaves were four times as Thick as now, was very lasting. society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > oil mixtures 1874 E. H. Knight I. 563/2 In oil-gilding, a coat of clear-cole is laid on intermediate between the white stuff and the oil gold-size. 1995 K. McCloud (1998) 102/3 The drying time of oil goldsize ranges from one to twelve hours. 1904 Feb. 51/1 The usual method [for producing sorbite in steel] has been to reheat and oil-harden. 1999 Re: Does Anyone sharpen Jack Hammer Bits? in alt.crafts.blacksmithing (Usenet newsgroup) 18 Dec. Although it is possible to oil harden water hardening steel it is not advisable to attempt to water harden steels that are specifically made for oil hardening. 1890 18 Sept. 503/1 This process of oil-hardening, introduced first by Lord Armstrong in the case of barrels, is now almost universally adopted for all gun forgings. 1924 E. L. Rhead (new ed.) xi. 197 Quenching in mercury..produces greater hardness and brittleness than quenching in water, while quenching in oil (oil hardening) produces a degree of hardness without brittleness. 1995 G. Tweedale ix. 318 Sanderson Bros...built up a market in ground flat stock, especially in oil-hardening tool steel. 1847 J. Bourne 242 If the bearing heats..from the stopping of the oil hole or otherwise, the metal will be melted out. 1894 R. O. Heslop Riper, an iron prong used for clearing dirt and dust out of the oilholes in machinery. 1994 5 Nov. e 1/1 Use a wire or small screwdriver to clean the oil holes in the guide-bar and the guide-bar slot. 1899 25 Aug. 243/2 A small oil-immersed step-up transformer has its primary connected to the brushes bearing upon the two alternating current rings of the motor. 1955 (B.S.I.) 34 Oil-immersed tube, an X-ray tube designed for operation in oil. 1878 16 May 65/1 (heading) The new ‘oil immersion’ object-glass construction by Carl Zeiss. 1964 M. Hynes (ed. 8) xiv. 232 Growth may be obvious under the oil-immersion lens within 24 hours. 1984 D. A. Roberts & C. W. Boothroyd (ed. 2) 389 When bacteria or fine structures of nematodes are to be viewed, an oil-immersion objective..is used. society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessel for oil > [noun] 1875 R. Hunt & F. W. Rudler (ed. 7) III. 1055 The assistant is then to lift up the oil-jack..laying the spout over the edge of the pot. the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > jacket > weatherproof > waterproof > oilskin 1851 H. Melville xlix. 253 That worthy,..buttoned up in his oil-jacket. 1883 26 947/1 The foaming crest which burst over her and entirely concealed for a moment the six oil-jackets and south-westers. society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > worker in oil industry > [noun] > magnate in oil trade 1866 S. H. Daddow 782 Creating oil kings from the poor dwellers of those once despised barrens. 1976 A. MacLean ii. 29 Bingo—no President, no Arabian oil kings and sheikhs, no Chief of Staff. 1876 July 162/3 If..the pressure should not prove sufficient..pumps, similar to those used on the oil lines, shall be placed at intervals along the 35 miles. 1943 19 May 3/5 An oil line known as the ‘Big Inch’, which was laid from Texas oilfields to Illinois..was broken to-day. 1986 T. Clancy (1988) xxxii. 538 An oil line let go on number-three diesel generator. Yard goof, wasn't welded right. 1977 (title) Financial results of the oil majors, 1976 (Shell Internat. Petroleum Co.). 1992 11 Apr. 29 British Petroleum, the UK-based oil major, have invested a lot of money to gain a footing in the Spanish market. the world > food and drink > food > animal food > [noun] > fodder > cake 1851 (U.S. Treasury Dept.) 276 (table) Oil cake and oil meal. 1886 C. Scott 51 Linseed cake, or oil-meal as it is sometimes termed, is always relished by a sheep. 1975 17 325 Total cottonseed and cottonseed oilmeal production are assumed to contribute to supplies in the 10 markets in proportion to their populations. 1873 N. Pike xxviii. 483 Oil-mongers who profess to belong to the Vaisya caste are to be found here in immense numbers. 1937 R. K. Narayan ii. 45 She had a variety of work to do in the mornings—tackling the milkman,..the oil-monger. 1991 50 322 Seṭṭi..has also been used in the past by artisan castes throughout South India and by the Telikis or oil-mongers of Andhra. 1887 24 Jan. 3 Shortly before three yesterday afternoon smoke was seen issuing from the oilmongery premises of Mr. C. Collins. 1900 15 Sept. 7/2 Grocery, and Cheesemongery, Oilmongery, Brooms, and Brushes, [etc.]. 1921 J. H. McCall v. 35 Manufacture of gas, including carbonization, purification, salaries of officers, repairs and maintenance of buildings and plant, oilmongery, etc. 1960 (Official Rep. Parl. Deb. India) App. 340 1. Blacksmithy and Carpentry. 2. Oil Mongery. 3. Pottery. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [noun] > paints 1759 (Royal Soc.) 50 836 At last they were dislodged by the enormous quantity of oil-paint, which the poor boy devoured. 1898 17 Nov. 3/1 His splendid success in the use of oil-paint as an artistic material. 1992 8 i. 124/2 He diluted the oil paints with turpentine and laid in light washes to accentuate the inherent luminosity of the gesso-covered panel. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to medium or technique > [noun] > oil-painting > painter 1731 G. Vertue (1932) II. 136 A very Good Oil-Painter in Little. 1765 T. H. Croker et al. II. at Enamel Blue is made of the azure or lapis lazuli used by oil-painters. 1891 R. Fry 4 Mar. (1972) I. 129 Raphael..is a fresco painter and not an oil painter. 1990 N. Williams viii. 59 There were other saboteurs..who..crept about, blocking Elinor's rightful place as an internationally acclaimed oil painter. 1863 21 Nov. 321/1 An oil pan is also cast with the bed of the machine, which prevents the drippings and refuse from soiling the floor. 1908 16 Apr. 4/3 Special oil-pans are fitted on each end of the throw for scooping up the oil from the base-chamber. 1984 M. A. Jarman 52 The Austin Healy is stalled in gumbo to the axles and oilpan. society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > material for making paper > paper > [noun] > transparent paper 1713 E. Freke Diary 4 Mar. in (1913) 19 89 The Best way to Take of a Landskip Is to Lay..oyle paper on the Landskip and soe draw Itt. 1836 C. Dickens 2nd Ser. 23 The candle in the transparent lamp, manufactured of oil-paper,..has been blown out. 1975 H. Oka 200/2 Oilpaper has been used for centuries in Japan as a moisture-proof material. the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > [noun] > oil pollution 1922 15 June 2 (heading) Oil pollution of the sea. 1973 V. Canning iv. 67 Two great black-headed gulls that were recovering from the effects of oil pollution. 2000 Spring 3/2 Oil pollution of the Brittany coast is bringing home the implications of our fossil fuel consumption. the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > formations by contents > [noun] > containing minerals the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > source rock > containing oil or gas 1863 2 May 274/1 At a distance of about 530 feet from the surface there appears to be a great oil pool below, and for a distance of seven miles down to the mouth of Oil Creek the flowing wells rise from it. 1938 18 Jan. 1/3 Kilgore is in the heart of the vast east Texas oil pool, the world's largest. 1991 5 Jan. 24/2 Siegel used the technique, known as thermoluminescence radiation dosimetry, to survey the Shenping oil pool in northeastern China. society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for altering consistency > [noun] > press extracting liquids the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > oil-press or -mill c1720 N. Dubois & G. Leoni tr. A. Palladio II. xvi. 31 On the right hand you have the oyl-presses, and other places for the oyl. 1896 10 252 In France the oil press will not be set up far from the olive and the almond. 1989 O. V. Vijayan 44 There was enough money to set up a primitive oil press and a little shop. society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > makers of other manufactured materials > [noun] > of oil > type of 1859 E. FitzGerald tr. Pref. Thus we have Attár ‘a druggist’, Assár ‘an oil presser’, &c. c1865 H. Letheby in J. Wylde I. 105/1 Mr. Brotherton..is a large oil-presser. 1991 46 490 Neighboring villages in the same polder housed carpenters, blacksmiths, sawyers, coopers, masons, oil pressers, and a physician. the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > tract of land > oil province 1926 E. R. Lilley iii. 22 The writer will use the term ‘province’ when referring to an area containing connected or related fields.] 1926 E. R. Lilley Index 539/2 Oil province. 1940 24 1024 The Pure Oil Company's discovery in Marshall County, in what is virtually a new oil province, may encourage other operators to venture farther into the unknown. 2000 5 Sept. 29/5 Both Shell and BP are to pour new investment into the North Sea, the oil province that refuses to die. 1922 R. N. Shreve et al. 616/2 (Gloss.) Oil Red. 1953 A. G. E. Pearse 445 This method gives very beautiful and permanent results, since unlike the red Sudan dyes and Oil Red O, Fettrot has no tendency to crystallise when used from alcoholic solutions. 1999 43 121 We studied the..histochemical distribution of..lipids (Oil Red O, Black Sudan B)..in the intestinal epithelium of adult Solea senegalensis specimens. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > equipment for painting or drawing > [adjective] > varnish 1934 H. Hiler iii. 163 I have used an oil-resin medium for fifteen years. 1976 A. 348 16 In thin ‘classical’ drying-oil and oil-resin paints, corrosion protection is achieved..by the provision in the very slightly damp paint of a relatively high electrolytic resistance..between anodic and cathodic zones. 1928 J. J. R. MacLeod i. 3 Thus, when oil-rich seeds, such as linseed, hempseed or poppyseed are allowed to germinate the fat decreases and the carbohydrate increases. 1975 N. Luard iv. 16 The profile might have fitted any oil-rich Arab. 2001 J. Franzen 437 Tiny oil-rich countries like Bahrain and Brunei were the mice that roared. society > occupation and work > workplace > places where raw materials are extracted > oil rig > [noun] society > occupation and work > equipment > oil and natural gas recovery equipment > [noun] > apparatus for well-sinking 1876 J. P. Lesley p. xxiv A plate of the parts of an oil-rig and machinery. 1974 Oct. 17/2 It's the morning rush-hour to the North Sea oil rigs. 2000 2 Nov. 30/2 In the fields of gator grass, you could see the ghostly outline of oil rigs bucking in slow motion. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > printmaking > engraving > [noun] > engraving tools > other equipment ?1790 J. Imison Curious & Misc. Articles (new ed.) 44 in (ed. 2) The tools necessary for engraving are, the oil-rubber, burnisher, scraper, oil-stone, needles, and ruler. 1842 (new ed.) II. 639/1 In commencing the process of aquatinto engraving, the plate must be cleaned with an oil rubber. 1972 W. Chamberlain ii. 37 The majority of oil rubbers seem to be about 6 in. long and about 1½ in. wide... The flat end is..soaked in oil and rubbed firmly over the powdered plate. the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > strata containing minerals the world > the earth > structure of the earth > structural features > formations by contents > [noun] > containing minerals 1875 J. F. Carll ii. 8 In all the drillings brought up by the sand-pump and in all examinations of outcrops of oil sands, I am not aware that anything has been detected which can be supposed to have originated the oil in the rock itself. 1921 G. H. Cox et al. 217 Because of the higher average porosity of sandstone, most ‘oil sands’ are true sandstones, but many are porous limestones. 1925 A. B. Thompson I. ix. 426 Twenty or more workable oil sands have been encountered to 2,500 ft [in the Bibi-Eibat oil-field]. 2001 21 Jan. a13/1 Left behind by a vast inland sea, northern Alberta's oil sands here typically contain about 12 percent oil. the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > strata containing minerals the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > shale > others 1866 S. H. Daddow 372 (caption) Marcellus and oil shales. 1919 June 390/2 The famous oil-shale of Torbanehill, torbanite or bog-head cannel, is often regarded as a variety of cannel coal. 1975 Sept. 349/2 Morocco is preparing to exploit its large oil shale deposits at Timahdit in the Middle Atlas Mountains. 1998 45 83 Since the 1830s, the Germans had been producing fotogen from the distillation of oil shales and peats. 1922 8/1 I preferably illustrate nine of these vaporized oil shale gas receiving domes and they extend along the top of the entire length of the shale treating chamber. 1977 (U.S. Dept. Energy) 252/1 Investigation of oil-shale gas conditioning for ammonia synthesis. 2011 J. G. Speight vii. 206 After World War II, Estonian-produced oil shale gas was used in Leningrad and the cities in North Estonia as a substitute for natural gas. 1883 No.17, 420 The oil shark is valued for the oil in its liver. 1949 I. 72 The Soupfin or Oil Shark (Galeorhinus galeus). 1985 A. Wheeler 194/1 G. zygopterus. Soupfin, oil shark... A slender-bodied shark with the first dorsal fin considerably larger than the second. 1862 10 330/2 The oil sheet manufacturers have for more than a century waterproofed linen by layers of oil. 1885 E. B. Ivatts Gloss. 552 Oil sheets, waterproof sheets of paper used in damping, and preparing tissue copying paper to receive copies of letters. 1916 J. Joyce i When you wet the bed first it is warm then it gets cold. His mother put on the oilsheet. That had the queer smell. 1971 F. Stuart 335 She..spread an oil sheet on the table and placed the baby on it to change its diapers. 1960 30 Sept. 493 Spiritual oil-sheikhs waiting for their oil to be discovered. 2000 23 July (Style section) 6 The Rolls..became the choice of the nouveaux riches, the pools winners, brash showbiz types.., showy oil sheiks and muck'n'brass millionaires. 1960 42 62/2 Above $1200 are the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, together with the two small oil sheikdoms. 1992 28 Mar. 79/3 A new partnership between the Arabs' two strong military powers and the six rich oil sheikhdoms. society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > trading vessel > cargo vessel > [noun] > carrying other cargoes 1851 H. Melville lxxxi. 390 However curious it may seem for an oil-ship to be borrowing oil on the whale-ground. 1911 J. J. Abraham vi. 195 No one is allowed to smoke on board the oil-ships. 2000 H. W. Henke ix. 144 Seaga..told me, there is an oil ship which is here in Kingston already, it is ready to unload the oil. 1974 20 May 44/7 The South Korean Government official opened the briefing on a hopeful note. ‘We think’, he said, ‘the Korean economy has begun to recover from the oil shock’. 1988 98 249 A range of domestic policies aimed at insulating the US economy from any future oil shocks. 1994 Aug. 6/3 During the oil shock of 1973..MITI gave the world a virtuoso performance of leadership. 1945 31 173 The distinction between true oil-shows..and accidental contamination..by lubricating oil. 1998 4 41 Organic geochemical correlations between fluid inclusions and associated oils and oil-shows in Mesozoic reservoirs in the Sleipner area. the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from silk > [noun] > types of > waterproofed 1784 (Royal Soc.) 73 438 This slip of oil-silk answers better than a piece of bladder or leather. 1870 G. H. Lewes Jrnl. 14 Apr. in ‘G. Eliot’ (1956) V. 90 Bought oil silk for compress. 1965 M. Thomas 91 An envelope of wetted linen or cotton, oil-silk, and thick flannel. 1865 J. H. A. Bone 20 A new class of people has sprung into existence under the cognomen of oil smellers, who profess to be able to ascertain the proper spot for boring by smelling the earth. 1989 E. Dorn iv Never mind that, the Oil Smellers have already got the scent. 1853 11 4044 Syringing the young tree well with whale-oil-soap.] 1861 20 vii. 196/1 Use the oil soap solution to destroy slugs and leaf hoppers. The rose bug dislikes the odor. 1922 J. J. Sudborough (new ed.) xxiv. 442 Crude cresol is rendered soluble in water by the addition of resin soap or of oil soap. 2001 (Nexis) 9 Dec. 4 f Oil soaps are perfect for cleaning wood surfaces because they leave a thin film of oil residue. the world > matter > liquid > making or becoming liquid > action or process of dissolving > [adjective] > soluble > in fats or oils 1925 29 1206 A water-soluble emulsifying agent opposes the action of an oil-soluble agent. 1992 8 Feb. 94/3 Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) is oil-soluble. the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > pollution or defilement > environmental pollution > [noun] > oil pollution the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > of something confined > spilling out > instance of > specifically of oil 1934 14 May ii. 11/7 A request by West Basin frontage tenants, holding thirty-day revocable permits for operating yacht moorings, for..improved methods of controlling oil spills..has been ordered filed by the Harbor Commission. 1952 Jan. 14/1 The threat of prosecution and adverse publicity has..reduced the number of accidental and intentional oil spills in our harbors. 1995 8 Jan. (Business section) 5/1 This approach..was used to deal with the huge oil spill from the Exxon Valdez in Prince William Sound, Alaska, in 1989. 1882 Apr. 79/3 The steam nozzle is so formed as to act as an air injector, whereby the steam, in passing through it, draws after it a current of air, which is minutely distributed throughout the oil spray. 1937 Apr. 134/3 Here are scales of another kind..on the juniper needles... You can use the oil spray on them. 2000 (Electronic ed.) 9 July To finish off use a dry oil spray on your body. This gives the skin a silky sheen. the world > the earth > minerals > mineral sources > [noun] > oil-spring 1762 in (1913) 37 174 Mullen brot me a Bottle of Oyle from ye Oyl Spring at Mooskingum. 1868 J. D. Dana (ed. 5) 725 The oil spring of Cuba, Alleghany Co., N.Y., called the Seneca Oil Spring,..was described by Prof. Silliman in 1833..as a dirty pool. 1982 K. A. Franks & P. F. Lambert p. iii For centuries the Indians of Louisiana used the state's natural oil springs as a source of medicine for both themselves and their animals. 1934 G. E. Shankle ii. 142 Five nicknames are given to the State of Pennsylvania; namely, the Coal State, the Keystone State, the Oil State, the Quaker State, and the Steel State. 1974 18 Apr. 5/6 (heading) Few concessions from oil states at UN debate. 1998 7 May a24/4 (advt.) By..greening the desert and conserving its rich heritage, the UAE has produced another phenomenon—an oil state with a flourishing tourist trade. society > faith > artefacts > implement (general) > vessel (general) > ampulla or chrismatory > [noun] 1872 O. Shipley 334 Oil Box... Also called Oil Stock. 1897 W. Walsh viii. 248 The oilstock of the Holy Chrism is kissed in place of the Pax. 1938 F. R. Webber (ed. 2) xii. 165 Previous to the Reformation the Western Church taught that there were seven Sacraments. These were: Holy Baptism, Confirmation, the Lord's Supper, Penance, Extreme Unction, Holy Matrimony and Holy Orders. The symbols for these are the font, a dove, a chalice, a whip, an oil stock, clasped hands and a stole. society > occupation and work > industry > drilling for oil or gas > [noun] > discovery of oil 1864 Dec. 59/2 It is certain that great oil-strikes are no longer looked for. 1973 21 Feb. 1/5 Ultramar shares moved up 1p to 271½p on hopes of an oil strike. society > occupation and work > equipment > oil and natural gas recovery equipment > [noun] > drilling equipment > drilling bits 1921 W. H. Jeffery xii. 346 When the drilling conditions, depth to the producing formation, etc., are known, the perforated casing is sometimes added to the oil string before the well is drilled in. 1977 Aug. 28/2 A widely used drilling programme..using 30″ conductor pipe, 20″ surface casing, 133/8″ and 93/8″ intermediate strings and 7″ oil string. the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > electricity > circuit > circuit-breaker > [noun] > switch 1904 23 215 The design of the oil-switch lends itself readily to operation by control from a distance. 1964 E. A. Reeves iii. 57 The type of oil switch described is essentially a fault-making and load-breaking device. society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > railway wagon or carriage > for liquids society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > trading vessel > cargo vessel > [noun] > tanker society > travel > means of travel > a conveyance > vehicle > powered vehicle > motor lorry, truck, or van > [noun] > tanker > for petrol or oil 1916 10 123 As cases in point, the interception by the Germans of the American oil-tankers Llama and Platuria in August last may be mentioned. 1927 20 Sept. 2/4 The goods train consisted mainly of oil-tankers. 1965 W. Soyinka 21 Have you known any other driver take an oil-tanker from Port Harcourt to Kaduna non-stop? 2000 T. Robbins 14 All manner of vessels, from warships to oil tankers to funky little salmon-snaggers, sailed from the Pacific to Seattle's docks. 1872 W. Crookes tr. R. von Wagner v. 525 The skins are tawed by a combination of the preceding tawing processes and the oil-tawing process now to be described. 1904 G. Sundbärg x. 811 Tawing is employed specially for glove-skins; further shammy or oil-tawing; in this process fat or train-oil is the tanning agent. 1920 XXVI. 246/2 When tannin is used the process is always called tanning. When metallic salts are used the process is in some localities called tawing; and when oily matters are used, shamoying or oil-tawing. society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > steel > [adjective] > hardened tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) ix (MED) Oiltemprid [L. oleo subacta] lyme this ioyntis shal scyment. 1872 J. Anderson 290 Several attempts at strengthening ordinary cast-iron guns..by lining the interior, either with wrought iron or with oil-tempered steel. 1938 June 53/3 (advt.) Long-life in the oil-tempered resilience of its innersprings. 1986 F. Underwood & G. Warr in A. Limon et al. (ed. 2) ii. i. 133 Fibreboards range from fairly thick low density boards..to standard hardboard and finally oil-tempered hardboard, which is so dense that it can be used for external cladding and floor surfacing. the world > matter > constitution of matter > oiliness or greasiness > [noun] > oiliness > contrivance for testing or measuring 1854 4 Feb. 162/4 The oil test is also a good one, and convenient in execution. When flaxen fibres are rubbed up with olive-oil, they appear transparent, like oiled paper. 1875 E. H. Knight II. 1558/2 Oil-test, for ascertaining the degree of heat at which the hydrocarbon vapors of petroleum are liable to explode. 1994 S. M. Cudlip xx. 639 A member of the Atlantic Refining board..was impressed with Newsom's work on the oil test. the world > matter > constitution of matter > oiliness or greasiness > [noun] > oiliness > contrivance for testing or measuring 1855 1 Dec. 93/3 Gold Medals [awarded by the American Institute]... H. S. Leonard, Moodna, N.Y., Oil Tester. 1879 Oct. 227/3 A test of various oils had been made with the oil tester on the Lake Shore road. 1991 Re: Mobil One really works…Maybe? in rec.autos.tech (Usenet newsgroup) 16 Sept. I have personally done a test using an oil tester that crushes and heats up the oil. society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > means of propulsion > [noun] > aircraft engine > other parts 1903 7 Nov. 777/2 Special oil throwers are provided to prevent the creepage of oil along the shaft. 1964 A. F. Dorian & J. Osenton 428 Oil thrower, a disk fixed on a shaft, so as to prevent oil from creeping along it, the oil being thrown off centrifugally. 1963 A. Bird & F. Hutton-Stott 101 Inadequate cooling and excessive oil-throwing. the world > space > relative position > closed or shut condition > [adjective] > stopping up or blocking > without leak or tight > specific 1847 10 July 332/3 The box is oiled from the outside and the cover has a piece of leather to make it oil tight. 1949 (Anglo-Iranian Oil Co.) (ed. 2) v. 168 In other words, the tanks are separated by two oiltight transverse bulkheads instead of one. 1972 Oct. 168/2 As the nut is tightened the neoprene ring is squeezed out to give an oil-tight seal. 1755 C. Charke 73 Links and Flambeaux are a Commodity belonging to the Oil-Trade, at least generally sold in Shops of that Kind. 1786 2 Feb. What a deep scheme of the inhabitants of Nantucket, by a feigned separation from the United States, to recover their oil trade with this country. 1853 C. Dickens xvix. 190 During the progress of this keen encounter, the vessel Chadband, being merely engaged in the oil trade, gets aground, and waits to be floated off. 1876 W. Besant & J. Rice II. xv. 231 A face which..conveyed the impression of a Particular Baptist who was also in the oil trade. 1909 19 May 3/3 An industrious hard-working young man..drifts into the oil trade with three or four other men. 1969 9 Feb. iii. 14/3 Liquified natural gas..will come into its own in the remaining months of this year as an important aspect of the world oil trade. 1863 10 Oct. (heading) 231/2 A coal oil trap.] 1927 29 July p. vii (advt.) A separate oil trap, for insertion in the line, protects same from oil invasion. 1969 G. M. Bennison & A. E. Wright xii. 282 Salt-dome structures..commonly give rise to oil traps, salt being capped by gypsum. 1993 P. Kearey 141/2 Various lines of evidence suggest that crude oil is derived from source sediments and migrates into reservoir rocks to form accumulations beneath oil traps. 1856 (U.S. War Dept.) IV. 165 Carpels with five equal, prominent, corky, and scabrous ribs, in the intervals of which there are single oil-tubes, and two in the commissure. 1856 Aug. 207/1 Arago and Augustine Fresnel..produced the burner with..concentric hollow wicks, with an air-current passing up through each of the open, ring-like tubes or spaces between the concentric wick or oil tubes. 1930 F. D. Jones I. ii. 52 The drill used was of the oil-tube twist type. 1976 (L. H. Bailey Hortorium) 1138/2 [Fruit] dry, of 2 ribbed or winged carpels, which contain oil tubes in the pericarp and separate at maturity. society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > vessel > vessel for oil > [noun] 1472 in H. J. F. Swayne (1896) 5 ij oylevates of silver. 1871 E. Robinson (ed. 2) 313 Here was an ancient oil vat, very large and of a single stone. 1995 B. A. Watson vii. 136 Oil vats positioned along the berm could let flaming oil into the canal, incinerating any Egyptians foolish enough to try a crossing. the world > matter > liquid > [adjective] > between or involving oil and water the world > matter > constitution of matter > oiliness or greasiness > [adjective] > of the nature of oil > involving oil and water 1886 5 Mar. 216/1 The surface tension of the film between water and air is so much greater than the sum of the tensions, oil-water and oil-air. 1946 26 Oct. 572/1 An interesting series of transparent 50 per cent oil-water systems was described. 1971 I. G. Gass et al. ix. 139/1 The oil-water interface in a sub-surface abiogenic oil-pool. society > occupation and work > equipment > other specific types of equipment > [noun] > lubricating equipment 1840 29 62 An oblique perforation in the stone served as an oilway to render its revolutions easier. 1908 6 Feb. 4/2 Other refinements are..oil-ways between the spring-plates. 2001 4 × 4 Dec. (Land Rover Defender Suppl.) 8/3 By the time of their introduction, Land Rover had added an oilway to avoid mainshaft wear. society > occupation and work > equipment > shaping tools or equipment > [noun] > sharpening > whetstone 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny II. xxxiv. xiv. 514 Oyle whetstones that barbars use. the world > plants > valued plants and weeds > [noun] > valued plant > yielding dye, oil, fibre, etc. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > other culinary vegetables > [noun] 1493 (1515) (de Worde) f. 108 He ete but brede and oyle wortes. Derivatives 1597 G. Markham tr. G. Pétau de Maulette f. 2v Her eyes within a wofull Ocean drownd, Oyle-like increast newe fire on dollours brands. 1605 T. Tymme tr. J. Du Chesne i. xv. K iij b Sulphur..the natural, moist, original, oylelike. 1828 R. E. Landor viii. 251 Oil-like her speeches are, Polluting that clear stream whose waters shone With health, before, and purity! 1994 Nov. 30/1 The original rules of the Watercolour Society forbade the use of body colour (i.e. admixture of white to produce opaque or oil-like effects). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). † oiln.2Origin: Apparently formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: oil n.1 Etymology: Apparently a specific use of oil n.1 in sense of olio n., perhaps arising through confusion with Italian olio oil n.1 Obsolete. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > dish of many ingredients > [noun] 1706 (new ed.) Oil or Olio (in Cookery), a rich sort of Potage after the Spanish way, made of Buttock-beef, part of a Fillet of Veal, of a Leg of Mutton, and of raw Gammon of Bacon, with Ducks, Partridges, Pigeons, Chickens, Quails, Sausages, and a Cervelas, all fry'd brown, and afterwards boil'd with all sorts of Roots and Herbs. Oils (for Fish-Days) are also prepar'd with Peas-soop, several sorts of Fish, Roots and Pulse. 1725 R. Bradley (at cited word) To have an Oil for Flesh-Days, take all Sorts of good Meats, viz. Part of a Buttock of Beef [etc.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online September 2019). oilv. Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: oil n.1 I. Literal uses. 1. the world > matter > constitution of matter > oiliness or greasiness > [verb (transitive)] > put oil upon a1425 (?c1300) (Cambr. Gg.5.31) 118 þat oygnement was full swete þat scho oyled [v.rr. Anoyntede, smered] with ihesu fete. (Harl. 221) 363 (MED) Oyle wythe oyle. 1473 J. Paston in (2004) I. 466 He maye haue it wyth hym and brynge it ageyn the next markett daye for xij d. or xvj at þe most; and ellys late it [sc. a bill] be weell oylyd and kepte tyll I come. 1598 in T. Wright (1869) 169 Item, to William Glover, for oylinge and coloringe yt [an hour glass]. 1628 (1860) 27 To..causs color the stak of the cross efter it beis oylit. a1678 A. Marvell Horation Ode in (1681) 115 'Tis time to leave the Books in dust, And oyl th'unused Armours rust. 1703 (new ed.) 171 So oft as the Workman has occasion to oyl the Centers of the Work. 1779 Mar. 84 The moisture may have lodged itself about the wool, and in a manner oiled it so, that the necessary washing..shall not be able to carry it off. 1819 (Royal Soc.) 109 349 (table) The scapement was oiled without stopping the clock. 1868 L. M. Alcott I. xv. 238 Oh, he was a little man who looked as if he merely lived to oil his hair. 1925 Apr. 48/2 If a new piece of furniture is first oiled and then waxed, a tasteful finish is secured at small expense. 1989 Spring 6/2 Tapes, records, t-shirts, visors..are a few of the many items you won't want to be without as you oil up the barbeque [sic]. 1999 P. Mishra (2001) iii. iv. 259 Women sat on charpoys and oiled their thick black tresses. society > faith > worship > sacrament > (extreme) unction > anoint [verb (transitive)] > to an office a1425 (a1325) (Pepys) 5331 Oyled [v.rr. anoiled, enoynted; c1325 Calig. Alfred..verst þus yeled was of þe pope of rome]. ?a1425 (a1325) (Digby) (1887) 5329 Þe pope lyoun him blessede..& þe kinges croune of þis lond..Sette him on and oyled [earlier MSS elede] him. c1580 Sir P. Sidney tr. xxiii. iv Thou oil'st my head, thou fill'st my cupp. 1764 C. Churchill i. 16 Jehu, oil'd for Ahab's sin. 1851 H. Melville xxv. 124 A king's head is solemnly oiled at his coronation, even as a head of salad. society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > painting and drawing > painting > painting according to medium or technique > paint according to medium or technique [verb (transitive)] > other techniques 1859 [implied in: T. J. Gullick & J. Timbs 201 This operation is termed ‘oiling out’. (at oiling out n. at oiling n. 3)]. 1924 H. Speed xi. 256 When the picture is carried as far as it can be with the tempera medium, it is oiled out with Madderton's copal medium. 1956 S. Bone iii. 22 When it [sc. a picture] was taken up again it was ‘oiled out’ and the painting began again with brighter colours. 1999 Oiling out or Final Varnishing? in (Usenet newsgroup) 2 Nov. If you ‘oil out’ before varnishing you will need to wait months. the world > life > death > killing > killing of animals > kill animal [verb (transitive)] > noxious animals 1911 15 Dec. 843/2 The mosquito brigade has been busy, the breeding places have been either oiled, drained or screened. 1921 M. Watson (ed. 2) xvii. 190 When a clear pool containing the ordinary floating alga is ‘oiled’, the alga dies. 1952 P. F. Russell 133 Water recently oiled is unfit for bathing. 1997 30 105 Wartime conditions made the water shortage more acute as open pools of water were oiled to prevent the spread of malaria. 1941 A. Christie vi. 107 I oiled myself and sunbathed. 1972 ‘G. Black’ (1973) ix. 137 A cousin came over and oiled Sally's back. 1991 G. MacBeth v. 42 She would single out some topless young Teuton oiling herself on the beach. 2. the world > matter > constitution of matter > oiliness or greasiness > [verb (transitive)] > supply with oil 1614 J. Sylvester v. 120 Bagos, too-apt,..Thus oyles the Fire, which but too-fast did burn. 1919 L. H. Morrison xiv. 224 The crank bearings..are generally oiled by gravity stream lubrication. 1923 (Admiralty) II. 80 The pumps in the oiler should be started gradually, attempts should not be made to oil individual tanks too rapidly. society > travel > travel by water > other nautical operations > [verb (intransitive)] > bunker 1914 H. H. Fyfe 201 Some day vessels will call here..to ‘oil’ just as they now ‘coal’. 1922 21 Oct. 11 After that the Renown only stopped to oil. 1977 L. Murray 58 The refitted Ships stood, oiling, in the Bay. 3. the world > matter > constitution of matter > oiliness or greasiness > [verb (intransitive)] > become of consistency of oil 1705 W. Salmon (ed. 3) 42/2 Put in three pound of Jordan Almonds blanch'd and finely beaten, with some Rose-water to keep them from oyling. 1736 i. ii. 101 Take Care the Butter do not oil. 1796 (new ed.) xi. 175 Boil all together and send it up immediately, or else it will oil. 1824 M. Randolph 108 Stir all together, and take care the butter does not oil. 1904 22 July 8/4 How to keep butter from ‘oiling’ is a problem puzzling to many just now. 1743 R. Pococke I. 186 (note) The butter called Mantecu, which being oiled over the fire, and salted, is kept in these vases, but is very disagreeable. 1759 66 The butter is oiled by hot water. 1842 R. H. Barham Lay St. Cuthbert in 2nd Ser. 221 And the fish is all spoil'd, And the butter's all oil'd, And the soup's got cold in the silver tureen. the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > cease to move or become motionless > be arrested or intercepted in progress > by sticky substance 1925 [implied in: 81 Sooty or oiled-up plugs will cause erratic running, loss of power and..increased petrol consumption. (at oiled-up adj. 1)]. 1960 E. L. Delmar-Morgan xii. 146 Tendency of a two-stroke to ‘oil up’ or to ‘foul up’. 1975 5 June 1470/1 In traffic..plugs oil up. And pedals are hard pressed to keep the engine alive. II. Extended uses. 5. figurative and in figurative contexts. society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [verb (intransitive)] > practise bribery 1602 ii. ii. 601 Must his worships fists bee needs then oyled with Angells? 1652 J. Wright tr. J.-P. Camus ix. 210 Speaking in private to the same Officer (whose hand he had already oyled). 1855 J. L. Motley II. iii. vii. 406 He should believe that their palms had been oiled. 1870 E. C. Brewer 632/1 To oil the knocker, to fee the porter. The expression is from Racine, On n'entre point chez lui sans graisser le marteau (No one enters his house without oiling the knocker)—‘Les Plaideurs’. 1901 13 Aug. 6/7 Certain officials had to be ‘oiled’. 1925 A. Huxley 2 Nov. (1969) 259 I gather that corruption is the great curse everywhere in India and that it is very difficult to get anything done without first oiling somebody's palm. 1968 (Paramount Pictures) Oil the knocker, tip the porter or caretaker. the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > flatter [verb (intransitive)] the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > flattery or flattering > flatter [verb (transitive)] > make flattering 1607 T. Dekker & J. Webster sig. C3 Hast thou betraide me? yet with such a tongue, So smoothly oilde. 1715 R. South IV. 387 No wonder, if Error oiled with Obsequiousness..has often the Advantage of Truth. 1750 W. Shenstone 108 The reptile race, That oil the tongue, and bow the knee. 1843 J. Ballantine i What for will ye be..oiling my lugs wi' your slippery tongue at that rate? 1979 P. Nihalani et al. 130 He is always oiling the boss. 1991 S. Muthiah 115 Oiling (someone), flattering (as in ‘oiling his superior’). the world > action or operation > easiness > do or accomplish something easily [verb (intransitive)] > facilitate progress 1643 J. Caryl 13 Would he have the Chariot move swiftly, who..will not Oyle the Wheeles?] 1645 S. Rutherford (1845) 31 Christ must oil the wheels of mis-ordered will. 1768 W. Wilkie 55 Just hope assists in all our toils; The wheels of industry it oils. 1835 16 July 225/4 All we want is permission to oil the wheels of our own little Botany Bay state-carriage ourselves. 1876 ‘G. Eliot’ II. iv. xxxiii. 332 There's a bad style of humbug, but there is also a good style—one that oils the wheels and makes progress possible. 1889 ‘M. Twain’ ix. 108 No hurry yet, and too much government machinery to oil up and set to rights and start a-going. 1909 6 Sept. 3/3 Her craze for the ‘psychic’..oils the wheels of the plot. 1976 D. Francis xvi. 232 Our passage had been oiled by telexes from above. When we arrived..we found ourselves whisked into a private room. 1977 ‘A. Stuart’ 178 He set the deal up... He was oiling the wheels for when Brigitte arrived with the secrets. 1985 C. Angier ii. 49 Ford was pretending to be in love with Ella, but was really only oiling his emotional and artistic machinery. 1998 Autumn 24/1 A wide variety of grants can help oil the wheels and remove much of the cost burden of planting. 6. 1648 J. Taylor 5 A blustring blattant blade he is,..his tongue oyled with the bleedings of the Barley. 1888 R. Buchanan I. i. 12 I ne'er can sing till my throat's wetted, Tammas! Oil my voice, and I'm your man! 1901 R. Kipling xi. 266 ‘My father came from Amritzar—by Jandiala,’ said Kim, oiling his ready tongue for the needs of the Road. 1994 R. Hendrickson 85 His voice was not oiled with drygulch whiskey as the Texans' always were. 1999 T. Lott 114 I was going to ask Tony there, oil us all with a few bevvies, and then do the best-man thing. the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (intransitive)] > drink intoxicating liquor 1841 16 Oct. 396/3 We can't ile up there no more. 1870 Jan. 86 ‘I guess I'll ile up a little..’ said he, as he filled himself another glass. 1898 1 Oct. 14/3 To have a whisky is to ‘oil up’. 1933 B. Hecht & G. Fowler ii. iii. 141 Time for oiling up. 1988 D. Carpenter ii. 44 We never start with bawdy songs; they're for later when everyone's oiled up a bit. the world > action or operation > easiness > do or accomplish something easily [verb (intransitive)] > extricate oneself from difficulty the world > movement > progressive motion > specific manner of progressive motion > move progressively in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > softly or stealthily the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming in > go or come in [verb (intransitive)] > surreptitiously or subtly the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] > go away quietly or stealthily the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > secrecy, concealment > stealthy action, stealth > stealthy movement > move stealthily [verb (intransitive)] > move off or away 1925 P. G. Wodehouse vi. 139 As man to man, do you want to oil out of this thing? 1929 P. G. Wodehouse i. 28 It would be a simple task to oil in, insert the soap, and buzz back undetected. 1945 ‘A. Gilbert’ xix. 172 As soon as he was alone he'd oil out and they could think what they pleased. 1963 ‘A. Gilbert’ x. 119 He deserves to lose his licence, oiling off and leaving you on your tod. 1990 W. Stewart (1991) xvii. 135 You don't think I could just kind of oil out the door and pretend nothing happened? 1996 S. King ii. i. 220 The coyote oiled through the doorway. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < |
