oestrusestrusn.

Brit.

/ˈiːstrəs/,

/ˈɛstrəs/, U.S.

/ˈɛstrəs/

Inflections: Plural oestri, oestruses;

Forms: 1500s 1700s– oestrus, 1600s oestros, 1800s oestus (irregular), 1900s– estrus (U.S.).

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin oestrus.

Etymology: < classical Latin oestrus gadfly, wild desire, frenzy < ancient Greek οἶστρος gadfly, insect that infects tunny fish, also sting, hence frenzy, mad impulse ( < the same Indo-European base as Lithuanian aistra violent passion) < the same base as οἶμα impulse, attack, rage, probably cognate with Avestan aēšma- anger, classical Latin īra ire n.Compare Middle French, French oestre parasitic or stinging insect, fly of the genus Oestrus (1519 in a translation of Virgil's Georgics: compare quot. 1589 at sense 1), oestre (poetic or musical) enthusiasm (1768, Rousseau, after Italian estro), oestre vénérien ardent desire for sexual pleasure (1810), Italian estro artistic inspiration, stimulus, enthusiasm, caprice, whimsy (13th cent.), insect (1640).

1. A biting, stinging, or parasitic insect; esp. a gadfly or botfly. In later use: spec. any botfly of the genus Oestrus (family Oestridae); (in form Oestrus) the genus itself.Valid publication of the genus name: Linnaeus Systema Naturae (ed. 10, 1758) I. 584.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Diptera or flies > [noun] > suborder Cyclorrhapha > family Oestridae > genus Oestrum or Oestrus

oestrus1589

oestrum1656

1589 A. Fleming tr. Virgil Georgiks iii. 41 in A. Fleming tr. Virgil Bucoliks Which [vermins] name in Latine is Asilus, The Greekes haue turnd it [in their toong] by calling of it Oestrus, Sharpe stinging, buzzing hatefully and too vnpleasantly.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xi. xvi. 318 The bigger kind of Bees..and this vermin is called Oestrus, (i. the gad-Bee or Horse-flie).

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 103 This flying Plague..Oestros the Grecians call: Asylus, we: A fierce loud buzzing Breez.

1752 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. III. 30 The black and yellow-bodied Œstrus, with black variegations in the wings.

1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. III. 2257/1 Oestrus, in zoology, a genus of two-winged flies, the mouth of which is a simple fissure, without either teeth or proboscis.

1846 C. G. Prowett tr. Æschylus Prometheus Bound 59 Virgil powerfully describes the terrors of the maddened cattle from the torment of the œstrus.

1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. vii. i. 326 The œstrus of the sheep.., called by Reaumur ‘Fly of the Nose-worm’.

1877 L. A. Duhring Pract. Treat. Dis. Skin 585 Œstrus, or Bot Fly..deposits the ova unknown to the individual.

1924 Sci. Monthly Nov. 483 The majority are blood-sucking forms, but some fly larvae (Oestrus, etc.) seem to feed on the serous exudates which their presence provokes.

1977 O. W. Richards & R. G. Davies Imms's Gen. Textbk. Entomol. (ed. 10) II. 971 Myiasis of the cranial cavities..: caused by larvae of Oestrus, Rhinoestrus, Gasterophilus and Dermatobia.

2. figurative. Something that incites a person to passionate, esp. creative, activity; = oestrum n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > excitement > inspiration > [noun] > specific type of inspiration or exaltation > of poets and prophets

fury1546

rage1563

furor1589

oestrum1663

ecstasy1670

enthusiasm1677

oestrus1816

estro1848

society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > [noun] > poetic rage

fury1546

rage1563

furor1589

elocationa1620

oestrum1663

oestrus1816

estro1848

1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. xiv. 308 This is the real œstus [sic], the awen of the Welch bards, the divinus afflatus that transports the poet beyond the limits of sublunary things.

1850 E. FitzGerald Lett. (1889) I. 208 The Impetus, the Lyrical oestrus, is gone.

1874 J. Morley On Compromise 89 They too were pricked by the œstrus of intellectual responsibility.

1886 T. H. Huxley Let. 10 Sept. in L. Huxley Life & Lett. T. H. Huxley (1901) II. 147 I shall remain quietly here and see whether I can stand London. I hope I may, for the oestrus of work is upon me.

1993 E. K. Sedgwick Tendencies (1994) 164 It is the conjecture that a particular trait is genetically or biologically based..that seems to trigger an estrus of manipulative fantasy in the technological institutions of the culture.

3. Physiology and Zoology. The period of sexual receptivity and fertility during the reproductive cycle of most female mammals; the time of being in heat. Cf. earlier oestrum n. 3.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [noun] > mating > rut

rutc1381

rutsonc1425

pride1483

shaleur1509

rutting1575

orgasm1754

heat1768

oestrum1773

oestruation1857

oestrus1890

1857 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Œstrum, Œstrus,..term for the orgasm or pleasurable sensation experienced during the operation of the appetites or passions, particularly that during coition, termed more distinctively Œstrum venereum.]

1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II. 233 Œstrus... 1. Rut, orgasm, clitoris.

1900 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 44 6 The period of œstrus is referred to by various writers as ‘Brunst’, ‘rut’, ‘heat’, ‘season’, ‘brim’, or ‘œstrum’.

1900 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 44 17 The duration of the œstri.

1904 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 196 67 Œstrus was noted in a Black-faced ewe.

1963 A. Heron Towards Quaker View of Sex 54 In the baboon..females in oestrus will mate with other males if their overlord's attention is temporarily distracted.

1974 Country Life 12 Dec. 1853/1 There was mention of what is termed ‘synchronised oestrus’. By the use of drugs cows are induced to come in season at a prearranged time.

1997 Jrnl. Dairy Sci. 80 286 During the first and second estruses, equivalent numbers of cows treated with bST and control cows ovulated.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	oestrus
释义	oestrusestrusn. Brit. /ˈiːstrəs/, /ˈɛstrəs/, U.S. /ˈɛstrəs/ Inflections: Plural oestri, oestruses; Forms: 1500s 1700s– oestrus, 1600s oestros, 1800s oestus (irregular), 1900s– estrus (U.S.). Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin oestrus. Etymology: < classical Latin oestrus gadfly, wild desire, frenzy < ancient Greek οἶστρος gadfly, insect that infects tunny fish, also sting, hence frenzy, mad impulse ( < the same Indo-European base as Lithuanian aistra violent passion) < the same base as οἶμα impulse, attack, rage, probably cognate with Avestan aēšma- anger, classical Latin īra ire n.Compare Middle French, French oestre parasitic or stinging insect, fly of the genus Oestrus (1519 in a translation of Virgil's Georgics: compare quot. 1589 at sense 1), oestre (poetic or musical) enthusiasm (1768, Rousseau, after Italian estro), oestre vénérien ardent desire for sexual pleasure (1810), Italian estro artistic inspiration, stimulus, enthusiasm, caprice, whimsy (13th cent.), insect (1640). 1. A biting, stinging, or parasitic insect; esp. a gadfly or botfly. In later use: spec. any botfly of the genus Oestrus (family Oestridae); (in form Oestrus) the genus itself.Valid publication of the genus name: Linnaeus Systema Naturae (ed. 10, 1758) I. 584. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Diptera or flies > [noun] > suborder Cyclorrhapha > family Oestridae > genus Oestrum or Oestrus oestrus1589 oestrum1656 1589 A. Fleming tr. Virgil Georgiks iii. 41 in A. Fleming tr. Virgil Bucoliks Which [vermins] name in Latine is Asilus, The Greekes haue turnd it [in their toong] by calling of it Oestrus, Sharpe stinging, buzzing hatefully and too vnpleasantly. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xi. xvi. 318 The bigger kind of Bees..and this vermin is called Oestrus, (i. the gad-Bee or Horse-flie). 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 103 This flying Plague..Oestros the Grecians call: Asylus, we: A fierce loud buzzing Breez. View more context for this quotation 1752 J. Hill Gen. Nat. Hist. III. 30 The black and yellow-bodied Œstrus, with black variegations in the wings. 1754 New & Compl. Dict. Arts & Sci. III. 2257/1 Oestrus, in zoology, a genus of two-winged flies, the mouth of which is a simple fissure, without either teeth or proboscis. 1846 C. G. Prowett tr. Æschylus Prometheus Bound 59 Virgil powerfully describes the terrors of the maddened cattle from the torment of the œstrus. 1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. vii. i. 326 The œstrus of the sheep.., called by Reaumur ‘Fly of the Nose-worm’. 1877 L. A. Duhring Pract. Treat. Dis. Skin 585 Œstrus, or Bot Fly..deposits the ova unknown to the individual. 1924 Sci. Monthly Nov. 483 The majority are blood-sucking forms, but some fly larvae (Oestrus, etc.) seem to feed on the serous exudates which their presence provokes. 1977 O. W. Richards & R. G. Davies Imms's Gen. Textbk. Entomol. (ed. 10) II. 971 Myiasis of the cranial cavities..: caused by larvae of Oestrus, Rhinoestrus, Gasterophilus and Dermatobia. 2. figurative. Something that incites a person to passionate, esp. creative, activity; = oestrum n. 2. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > excitement > inspiration > [noun] > specific type of inspiration or exaltation > of poets and prophets fury1546 rage1563 furor1589 oestrum1663 ecstasy1670 enthusiasm1677 oestrus1816 estro1848 society > leisure > the arts > literature > poetry > [noun] > poetic rage fury1546 rage1563 furor1589 elocationa1620 oestrum1663 oestrus1816 estro1848 1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. xiv. 308 This is the real œstus [sic], the awen of the Welch bards, the divinus afflatus that transports the poet beyond the limits of sublunary things. 1850 E. FitzGerald Lett. (1889) I. 208 The Impetus, the Lyrical oestrus, is gone. 1874 J. Morley On Compromise 89 They too were pricked by the œstrus of intellectual responsibility. 1886 T. H. Huxley Let. 10 Sept. in L. Huxley Life & Lett. T. H. Huxley (1901) II. 147 I shall remain quietly here and see whether I can stand London. I hope I may, for the oestrus of work is upon me. 1993 E. K. Sedgwick Tendencies (1994) 164 It is the conjecture that a particular trait is genetically or biologically based..that seems to trigger an estrus of manipulative fantasy in the technological institutions of the culture. 3. Physiology and Zoology. The period of sexual receptivity and fertility during the reproductive cycle of most female mammals; the time of being in heat. Cf. earlier oestrum n. 3. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > sexual organs and reproduction > [noun] > mating > rut rutc1381 rutsonc1425 pride1483 shaleur1509 rutting1575 orgasm1754 heat1768 oestrum1773 oestruation1857 oestrus1890 1857 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Œstrum, Œstrus,..term for the orgasm or pleasurable sensation experienced during the operation of the appetites or passions, particularly that during coition, termed more distinctively Œstrum venereum.] 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II. 233 Œstrus... 1. Rut, orgasm, clitoris. 1900 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 44 6 The period of œstrus is referred to by various writers as ‘Brunst’, ‘rut’, ‘heat’, ‘season’, ‘brim’, or ‘œstrum’. 1900 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 44 17 The duration of the œstri. 1904 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) B. 196 67 Œstrus was noted in a Black-faced ewe. 1963 A. Heron Towards Quaker View of Sex 54 In the baboon..females in oestrus will mate with other males if their overlord's attention is temporarily distracted. 1974 Country Life 12 Dec. 1853/1 There was mention of what is termed ‘synchronised oestrus’. By the use of drugs cows are induced to come in season at a prearranged time. 1997 Jrnl. Dairy Sci. 80 286 During the first and second estruses, equivalent numbers of cows treated with bST and control cows ovulated. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1589
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