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单词 obese
释义

obeseadj.n.

Brit. /ə(ʊ)ˈbiːs/, U.S. /oʊˈbis/
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin obēsus.
Etymology: < classical Latin obēsus fat, stout, plump < ob- ob- prefix + ēsus , past participle of edere to eat (see edible adj.). The classical Latin verb obedere is otherwise unattested. Compare Italian obeso (1588), Spanish obeso (1606), French obèse (1825).Rare before the 19th cent.; in Johnson without quot.
A. adj.
1. Very fat or fleshy; extremely overweight; (Medicine) having a body mass index of 30 or above. Also in extended use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > broad shape or physique > [adjective] > fat or plump
fatc893
frimOE
fullOE
overfatOE
greatOE
bald1297
roundc1300
encorsivea1340
fattishc1369
fleshyc1369
fleshlyc1374
repletea1398
largec1405
corsious1430
corpulentc1440
corsyc1440
fulsome1447
portlyc1487
corporate1509
foggy fata1529
corsive1530
foggish?1537
plump1545
fatty1552
fleshful1552
pubble1566
plum1570
pursy1576
well-fleshed1576
gross?1577
fog1582
forfatted1586
gulchy1598
bouksome1600
fat-fed1607
meatified1607
chuff1609
plumpya1616
bloat1638
blowze-like1647
obese1651
jollya1661
bloated1664
chubbed1674
pluffya1689
puffya1689
pussy1688
sappy1694
crummy1718
chubby1722
fodgel1724
well-padded1737
beefy1743
plumpish1753
pudsy1754
rotund1762
portable1770
lusty1777
roundabout1787
well-cushioned1802
plenitudinous1803
stout1804
embonpointc1806
roly-poly1808
adipose1810
roll-about1815
foggy1817
poddy1823
porky1828
hide-blown1834
tubby1835
stoutish1836
tubbish1836
superfatted1841
pottle-bodied1842
pincushiony1851
opulent1882
well-covered1884
well-upholstered1886
butterball1888
endomorphic1888
tisty-tosty1888
pachyntic1890
barrel-bodied1894
overweight1899
pussy-gutted1906
upholstered1924
1651 N. Biggs Matæotechnia Medicinæ Praxeωs ⁋251 More obese and plethorick bodies.
1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot i. iii. 8 One said of an Over-Obese Priest that he was a great Arminian; grant, quoth a second, that he be an Arminian, I'll swear he is the greatest that ever I saw.
1799 C. Crowther in T. Beddoes Contrib. Physical & Med. Knowl. 350 From a state of extreme macilency [she] became obese.
1822 T. Taylor tr. Apuleius Metamorphosis 316 A back obese, and animated breast.
1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre I. iv. 57 A woman of robust frame, square shouldered..and though stout not obese.
1864 F. Oakeley Hist. Notes 85 An obese octavo, extending to six hundred closely printed pages.
1883 W. Bromley Davenport in 19th Cent. Sept. 402 A few obese fat-headed carp.
1915 W. S. Maugham Of Human Bondage xxxii. 138 The Vicar gave his slow, obese smile.
1962 H. Hood Flying Red Kite 176 An obese brown bus waddled up like an indecent old cow and stopped with an expiring moo at the head of the line.
1984 S. Abraham & D. Llewellyn-Jones Eating Disorders ii. 20 Obese people choose to eat more food and eat it more quickly than non-obese people.
2001 E. Schlosser Fast Food Nation x. 240 The medical literature classifies a person as obese if he or she has a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or higher.
2. Entomology. Exceedingly large; appearing as though distended. Now rare.Treated in glossaries as a technical term, but in the actual instances found, scarcely more than a transferred use of sense A. 1 in an entomological context.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > bodily shape or physique > broad shape or physique > [adjective] > fat or plump > unnaturally large or distended
obese1826
1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. 260 Obese ([Latin] obesa). Unnaturally enlarged and distended, as if from disease or too much food.
1901 Amer. Naturalist 35 720 A normal colony of Anergates comprising an obese queen, some slender young queens, some males and some Tetramorium workers.
1906 J. B. Smith Explan. Terms Entomol. 89 Obese, unnaturally distended: usually applied to the abdomen.
1922 Sci. Monthly Oct. 321 The body of the old queen is so obese and heavy with eggs and her wings are so weak that she can not leave the nest after it is once established.
1942 Sci. Monthly July 33/1 Only the obese, blind worker with its dentated mandibles, crossing scissor fashion, is able to carve wood and pass it through its intestines.
B. n.
1. With plural agreement. With the. Obese people as a class.
ΚΠ
1915 W. S. Maugham Of Human Bondage xvii. 67 He had the choler of the obese, easily roused and as easily calmed.
1990 W. Sheed Ess. in Disguise iii. xv. 183 If the misers are the anorexics of money, spendthrifts must be the obese. At least they both take money much too seriously.
2000 Observer 18 June 27/3 The underclass of the obese are..that way..maybe because their (justified) feelings of being disenfranchised and marginalised are unbearable unless narcoticised with food.
2. Genetics. A gene first identified as an autosomal recessive mutation in phenotypically obese mice, and later found to code for the protein leptin; the murine leptin gene. Frequently attributive.Now usually italicized in technical sources.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > gene > types of gene
sex determinant1902
sex determiner1909
inhibitor1911
multiple factor1912
modifier1915
autosomal dominant1919
autosomal recessive1919
scute1923
gene1925
suppressor1928
rate gene1932
dominigene1938
buffer1939
polygene1941
switch gene1942
mutator1943
oligogene1943
sickle cell gene1946
supergene1949
ob1950
obese1950
regulator1960
regulator gene1960
regulatory gene1960
enhancer1967
oncogene1969
virogene1969
hedgehog1980
1950 A. M. Ingalls et al. in Jrnl. Heredity 41 317 (title) Obese, a new mutation in the house mouse.
1975 Metabolism 24 573 By mating mice heterozygous for the recessive gene, obese (ob/+) (+/+), with mice homozygous for the recessive gene, dwarf (+/+)(dw/dw), and subsequent mating of the offspring, mice homozygous for both the obese and dwarf gene were obtained.
1987 Genomics 1 167/1 This places met near the obese locus in a region of mouse chromosome 6 that appears to be homologous with the long arm of human chromosome 7.
1998 Jrnl. Endocrinol. 159 79 Leptin, the recently identified product of the obese gene, may very well be an integral signal which regulates neuroendocrine responses in times of food deprivation.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1651
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