obdurationn.

Brit.

/ɒbdjʊˈreɪʃn/,

/ɒbdʒʊˈreɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌɑbdəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: Middle English–1500s obduracion, 1500s– obduration; also Scottish pre-1700 obduracione, pre-1700 obduracioun.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin obduration-, obduratio.

Etymology: < post-classical Latin obduration-, obduratio hardening of the heart (from 5th cent.), physical hardening (from late 4th cent. in veterinary and medical writers) < classical Latin obdūrāt- , past participial stem of obdūrāre obdurate v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Middle French, French obduration (1401), Catalan obduració (1463). Compare earlier induration n.

1. The action of making or becoming obdurate, hardened in sin, or insensible to moral influence; the fact or condition of being obdurate; hard-heartedness, stubborn impenitence.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [noun] > insensibility to moral influence > becoming or making

obdurationc1450

obfirmation1592

society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > penitence > impenitence > [noun]

unrepentancec1400

obdurationc1450

unforthinking1483

impenitency1563

obfirmation1592

obduracy1600

irrepentance1607

obdurateness1612

unrepentingness1615

impenitence1624

obdureness1624

obduredness1633

c1450 (c1400) Bk. Vices & Virtues (Huntington) (1942) 24 (MED) Þe þridde [sin] is obduracion, þat is, hardenesse of herte, whan a man is so harded and beten in his euele þat þer may no man make hym bowe ne come to amendement.

a1513 J. Irland Meroure of Wyssdome (1965) II. 55 That all creaturis may knaw..thar gret iniquite and final obduracioun.

a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. clxi Than the Gaunteners supprysyd with more obduracion of Herte agayn theyr Prynce made theym a Capytayne namyd Phylyp Artyuele.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. FFiii^v Obduracion or vnpitefulnes.

1564 in D. H. Fleming Reg. Christian Congregation St. Andrews (1889) I. 205 To move the hart of Johane Bycartoun efter lang obduracione.

1647 M. Hudson Divine Right Govt. i. ii. 7 God doth work..upon the will, either by way of Obduration, or by way of Mollification and conversion.

1728 A. Ramsay Poems II. 178 Obduration follows publick Shame.

1778 R. Lowth Isaiah (ed. 12) Notes 182 The obduration of the Jews of that age.

1884 P. Schaff et al. Relig. Encycl. III. 1740/1 Falling under that judgment of obduration of which Isaiah speaks.

1928 R. Michaud Amer. Novel Today v. 109 Cowperwood certainly breaks the record of human endurance and obduration as a rascal.

1986 18th-cent. Stud. 20 37 Margaret Doody examines the role of obduration and despair in the deathbed scenes of Clarissa.

†2. Physical hardening. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > constitution of matter > hardness > [noun] > becoming or making hard

hardingeOE

hardingc1405

hardening?c1425

duration1617

obduration1654

during1804

1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iii. vii. 113 The obduration of his Posteriors,..almost petrified by continuall hardnings upon his Asses bare backe.

1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 306 As the distension and obduration increase.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	obduration
释义	obdurationn. Brit. /ɒbdjʊˈreɪʃn/, /ɒbdʒʊˈreɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌɑbdəˈreɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: Middle English–1500s obduracion, 1500s– obduration; also Scottish pre-1700 obduracione, pre-1700 obduracioun. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin obduration-, obduratio. Etymology: < post-classical Latin obduration-, obduratio hardening of the heart (from 5th cent.), physical hardening (from late 4th cent. in veterinary and medical writers) < classical Latin obdūrāt- , past participial stem of obdūrāre obdurate v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare Middle French, French obduration (1401), Catalan obduració (1463). Compare earlier induration n. 1. The action of making or becoming obdurate, hardened in sin, or insensible to moral influence; the fact or condition of being obdurate; hard-heartedness, stubborn impenitence. ΘΚΠ society > morality > moral evil > evil nature or character > [noun] > insensibility to moral influence > becoming or making obdurationc1450 obfirmation1592 society > faith > worship > sacrament > confession > penitence > impenitence > [noun] unrepentancec1400 obdurationc1450 unforthinking1483 impenitency1563 obfirmation1592 obduracy1600 irrepentance1607 obdurateness1612 unrepentingness1615 impenitence1624 obdureness1624 obduredness1633 c1450 (c1400) Bk. Vices & Virtues (Huntington) (1942) 24 (MED) Þe þridde [sin] is obduracion, þat is, hardenesse of herte, whan a man is so harded and beten in his euele þat þer may no man make hym bowe ne come to amendement. a1513 J. Irland Meroure of Wyssdome (1965) II. 55 That all creaturis may knaw..thar gret iniquite and final obduracioun. a1513 R. Fabyan New Cronycles Eng. & Fraunce (1516) II. f. clxi Than the Gaunteners supprysyd with more obduracion of Herte agayn theyr Prynce made theym a Capytayne namyd Phylyp Artyuele. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. FFiii^v Obduracion or vnpitefulnes. 1564 in D. H. Fleming Reg. Christian Congregation St. Andrews (1889) I. 205 To move the hart of Johane Bycartoun efter lang obduracione. 1647 M. Hudson Divine Right Govt. i. ii. 7 God doth work..upon the will, either by way of Obduration, or by way of Mollification and conversion. 1728 A. Ramsay Poems II. 178 Obduration follows publick Shame. 1778 R. Lowth Isaiah (ed. 12) Notes 182 The obduration of the Jews of that age. 1884 P. Schaff et al. Relig. Encycl. III. 1740/1 Falling under that judgment of obduration of which Isaiah speaks. 1928 R. Michaud Amer. Novel Today v. 109 Cowperwood certainly breaks the record of human endurance and obduration as a rascal. 1986 18th-cent. Stud. 20 37 Margaret Doody examines the role of obduration and despair in the deathbed scenes of Clarissa. †2. Physical hardening. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > constitution of matter > hardness > [noun] > becoming or making hard hardingeOE hardingc1405 hardening?c1425 hardening?c1425 duration1617 obduration1654 during1804 1654 E. Gayton Pleasant Notes Don Quixot iii. vii. 113 The obduration of his Posteriors,..almost petrified by continuall hardnings upon his Asses bare backe. 1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 306 As the distension and obduration increase. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1450
随便看	fight fire with fire fight for one's own hand fight it fight it out fight like kilkenny cats fight of stand fight off fight out fight over fight short fight shy fight shy of fight sore at heart fight the good fight fight the good fight of faith fight to outrance fight to the death fight to the outrance fight to the stumps fight together fight under false colours fight up against firing barrel firing bay firing chamber