oak fernn.

Brit.

/ˈəʊk ˌfəːn/, U.S.

/ˈoʊk ˌfərn/

Forms: see oak n. and fern n.¹; also Middle English obfarn (transmission error), Middle English oefarn (transmission error).

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: oak n., fern n.¹

Etymology: < oak n. + fern n.¹, translating classical Latin dryopteris (Pliny) or its etymon Hellenistic Greek δρυοπτερίς (Dioscorides; < ancient Greek δρῦς oak (see dryad n.) + πτερίς fern: see pterido- comb. form). The ancient name was said to be applied to a fern growing on the trunks of oaks or other trees (identified in Liddell & Scott's Greek-Eng. Lexicon (ed. 9, 1940) as a spleenwort, Asplenium onopteris: compare sense 1); the Latin name was adopted by Linnaeus for a different species, Polypodium Dryopteris (now Gymnocarpium dryopteris: see sense 2). Compare Old High German eihfarn (German Eichenfarn).

1. Any of several ferns often found on or among trees, walls, etc., including certain spleenworts; spec. (among herbalists) common polypody, Polypodium vulgare agg., which was supposed to be especially effective as a remedy when growing on the oak (cf. polypody of the oak n. at polypody n.¹ 2a). Now historical and rare.black oak fern: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > names applied to various ferns

oak ferna1400

osmund?a1425

polytrich1526

rough spleenwort1597

parsley fern1777

sword-fern1829

bird's nest fern1831

resurrection fern1870

a1400 Alphita (Selden) (1887) 50 (MED) Diapton, pollipodium idem. g. polipodie, ae. oefarn [v.r. ocfarn].

?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 66 (MED) Polipody oþer oke verne, for he is like vnto verne þat growith vpon okys.

c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 77^v (MED) And also wodebynde..drawiþ wonderfully..And þe same doiþ Oke ferne.

1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. C.viij I haue founde it in bushe rootes ofte tymes in Germany, it may be called in englishe petie Ferne, or okeferne.

?1550 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Healthe (1585) L v An old cocke filled with oke ferne or walferne.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lxii. 403 This herbe is called..in Englishe Polypodie, Wall Ferne, and Oke Ferne.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lxii. 404 Dryopteris candida, White Oke Ferne [= Cystopteris]. Dryopteris nigra, Blacke Oke Ferne [= Asplenium adiantum-nigrum].

1659 R. Lovell Παμβοτανολογια 158 Oake ferne, K[nown] as the true, white and tree-f[ern]. T[aste] is sweet, biting, and bitter, v[irtue] it is a psilothron ap. the black operates as maidenhaire.

1705 Philos. Trans. 1704–05 (Royal Soc.) 24 1868 Having never taken notice before, how large the Plant called the Oak Fern grows upon the trees, [etc.].

1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 58 The Moderns have discover'd that Oak-fern has seed.

1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) III. 770 [Asplenium] Adiantum nigrum... Black Maidenhair. Oak fern. Shady places and old walls.

1886 J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names 180 Fern, Oak..In Norf[olk] Pteris aquilina L. is sometimes called by this name, from the appearance of the section of the vascular bundles in the rhizome.

1940 Liddell & Scott's Greek-Eng. Lex. 451/1 [δρυο]πτερίς, black oak-fern, Asplenium onopteris.

2. A fern, Gymnocarpium dryopteris (family Woodsiaceae), having delicate tripinnate fronds and found in shady, esp. rocky or mountainous places in north temperate regions. Also (occasionally): any other fern of the genus Gymnocarpium, esp. (in full limestone oak fern) the limestone fern, G. robertianum.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > polypodies

everferneOE

polypodya1398

polypoda1500

polypody of the oaka1500

polypodium1525

wall fern1526

brake of the wall1561

polypody of the wall1597

oak fern1844

rabbit's foot fern1886

1844 E. Newman Hist. Brit. Ferns (ed. 2) 128 The name of Oak Fern, derived from Dryopteris, appears as inapplicable as that of Beech Fern..and is adopted in deference to the opinions of others.

1855 T. Moore Nature printed Ferns Pl. v The smooth three-branched Polypody, or Oak fern.

1882 Thomson in Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 9 No. 4. 449 The oak-fern..showed exquisitely fine fronds.

1903 C. T. Druery Bk. of Brit. Ferns 70 The soft moonshiny green of the Oak Fern..constitute it one of those rarities which even the veriest plant hunter hardly wishes to see other than in its native simplicity.

1940 H. A. Hyde & A. E. Wade Welsh Ferns 113 Gymnocarpium dryopteris... Oak Fern... Rocky woods, shaded rocky banks of streams, by waterfalls and on screes; locally frequent.

1988 Garden (Royal Hort. Soc.) Mar. 137/2 Another species growing in profusion and sheltered by overhanging trees is the bright green oak fern.

1991 C. Jermy & J. Camus Illustr. Field Guide Ferns & Allied Plants Brit. Isles 128 Limestone Oak Fern Gymnocarpium robertianum (Hoffm.) Newman.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	oak fern
释义	oak fernn. Brit. /ˈəʊk ˌfəːn/, U.S. /ˈoʊk ˌfərn/ Forms: see oak n. and fern n.¹; also Middle English obfarn (transmission error), Middle English oefarn (transmission error). Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: oak n., fern n.¹ Etymology: < oak n. + fern n.¹, translating classical Latin dryopteris (Pliny) or its etymon Hellenistic Greek δρυοπτερίς (Dioscorides; < ancient Greek δρῦς oak (see dryad n.) + πτερίς fern: see pterido- comb. form). The ancient name was said to be applied to a fern growing on the trunks of oaks or other trees (identified in Liddell & Scott's Greek-Eng. Lexicon (ed. 9, 1940) as a spleenwort, Asplenium onopteris: compare sense 1); the Latin name was adopted by Linnaeus for a different species, Polypodium Dryopteris (now Gymnocarpium dryopteris: see sense 2). Compare Old High German eihfarn (German Eichenfarn). 1. Any of several ferns often found on or among trees, walls, etc., including certain spleenworts; spec. (among herbalists) common polypody, Polypodium vulgare agg., which was supposed to be especially effective as a remedy when growing on the oak (cf. polypody of the oak n. at polypody n.¹ 2a). Now historical and rare.black oak fern: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > names applied to various ferns oak ferna1400 osmund?a1425 polytrich1526 rough spleenwort1597 parsley fern1777 sword-fern1829 bird's nest fern1831 resurrection fern1870 a1400 Alphita (Selden) (1887) 50 (MED) Diapton, pollipodium idem. g. polipodie, ae. oefarn [v.r. ocfarn]. ?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 66 (MED) Polipody oþer oke verne, for he is like vnto verne þat growith vpon okys. c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 77^v (MED) And also wodebynde..drawiþ wonderfully..And þe same doiþ Oke ferne. 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. C.viij I haue founde it in bushe rootes ofte tymes in Germany, it may be called in englishe petie Ferne, or okeferne. ?1550 H. Llwyd tr. Pope John XXI Treasury of Healthe (1585) L v An old cocke filled with oke ferne or walferne. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lxii. 403 This herbe is called..in Englishe Polypodie, Wall Ferne, and Oke Ferne. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iii. lxii. 404 Dryopteris candida, White Oke Ferne [= Cystopteris]. Dryopteris nigra, Blacke Oke Ferne [= Asplenium adiantum-nigrum]. 1659 R. Lovell Παμβοτανολογια 158 Oake ferne, K[nown] as the true, white and tree-f[ern]. T[aste] is sweet, biting, and bitter, v[irtue] it is a psilothron ap. the black operates as maidenhaire. 1705 Philos. Trans. 1704–05 (Royal Soc.) 24 1868 Having never taken notice before, how large the Plant called the Oak Fern grows upon the trees, [etc.]. 1707 tr. P. Le Lorrain de Vallemont Curiosities in Husbandry & Gardening 58 The Moderns have discover'd that Oak-fern has seed. 1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) III. 770 [Asplenium] Adiantum nigrum... Black Maidenhair. Oak fern. Shady places and old walls. 1886 J. Britten & R. Holland Dict. Eng. Plant-names 180 Fern, Oak..In Norf[olk] Pteris aquilina L. is sometimes called by this name, from the appearance of the section of the vascular bundles in the rhizome. 1940 Liddell & Scott's Greek-Eng. Lex. 451/1 [δρυο]πτερίς, black oak-fern, Asplenium onopteris. 2. A fern, Gymnocarpium dryopteris (family Woodsiaceae), having delicate tripinnate fronds and found in shady, esp. rocky or mountainous places in north temperate regions. Also (occasionally): any other fern of the genus Gymnocarpium, esp. (in full limestone oak fern) the limestone fern, G. robertianum. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > ferns > [noun] > polypodies everferneOE polypodya1398 polypoda1500 polypody of the oaka1500 polypodium1525 wall fern1526 brake of the wall1561 polypody of the wall1597 oak fern1844 rabbit's foot fern1886 1844 E. Newman Hist. Brit. Ferns (ed. 2) 128 The name of Oak Fern, derived from Dryopteris, appears as inapplicable as that of Beech Fern..and is adopted in deference to the opinions of others. 1855 T. Moore Nature printed Ferns Pl. v The smooth three-branched Polypody, or Oak fern. 1882 Thomson in Hist. Berwickshire Naturalists' Club 9 No. 4. 449 The oak-fern..showed exquisitely fine fronds. 1903 C. T. Druery Bk. of Brit. Ferns 70 The soft moonshiny green of the Oak Fern..constitute it one of those rarities which even the veriest plant hunter hardly wishes to see other than in its native simplicity. 1940 H. A. Hyde & A. E. Wade Welsh Ferns 113 Gymnocarpium dryopteris... Oak Fern... Rocky woods, shaded rocky banks of streams, by waterfalls and on screes; locally frequent. 1988 Garden (Royal Hort. Soc.) Mar. 137/2 Another species growing in profusion and sheltered by overhanging trees is the bright green oak fern. 1991 C. Jermy & J. Camus Illustr. Field Guide Ferns & Allied Plants Brit. Isles 128 Limestone Oak Fern Gymnocarpium robertianum (Hoffm.) Newman. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1400
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