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单词 observable
释义

observableadj.n.

Brit. /əbˈzəːvəbl/, U.S. /əbˈzərvəb(ə)l/
Forms: 1500s–1600s obseruable, 1600s– observable.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin observābilis.
Etymology: < classical Latin observābilis able to be observed, perceptible, that must be attended to < observāre observe v. + -ābilis -able suffix. Compare Middle French, French observable (c1508 in sense A. 2, 1587 in sense A. 1).
A. adj.
1.
a. Able to be observed or taken notice of; noticeable, perceptible.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > visibility > [adjective]
i-seyenlyeOE
iseneOE
senec1175
seyelyc1225
visiblea1340
seena1398
sighty1398
seeablea1425
spectablec1440
sightfulc1480
sightly1532
appearingc1550
discernable1561
eyely1561
discoverable1572
spectible1581
observable1589
visive1598
aspectable1612
observant1615
perspicable1621
perspiculative1623
remarkable1623
eyeable1633
visory1633
appearable1651
dignoscible1671
discernible1678
traceable1748
noticeable1753
visual1757
distinguishable1762
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xv. 142 More obseruable to the Greekes and Latines for the brauenesse of their language, ouer that our is.
1614 T. Ravenscroft Briefe Disc. Musicke Pref. sig. A2v Such are the Times, Numbers, and Measures, obseruable, not in Man alone that vses the Pastime [sc. hunting or hawking], but euen in the Creatures also, that either make the game, or pursue it.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica 101 As the head may be disturbed by the skin, it may the same way be relieved; as is observable in balneations. View more context for this quotation
1690 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding ii. xxiii. 136 'Tis the ordinary Qualities, observable in Iron, or a Diamond, put together, that make the true complex Idea of those Substances.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 256. ¶3 Any little Slip is more conspicuous and observable in his Conduct than in another's.
1788 J. Madison in Federalist Papers lv. 142 A very considerable difference is observable among states nearly equal in population.
1823 H. J. Brooke Familiar Introd. Crystallogr. 33 The regularity and symmetry observable in the forms of crystallized bodies.
1874 J. R. Green Short Hist. Eng. People viii. §1. 455 A marked change in public sentiment became at once observable.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 945/2 There are gentler and more beneficial aspects observable to-day in China and Japan.
1963 T. Morris & P. Morris Pentonville x. 212 The effects of this are likely to become increasingly observable with the development of in-service promotion.
2001 Isis 92 242/2 She countered Freud by insisting on the psychic importance of woman's readily observable role in reproduction.
b. observable universe n. Astronomy the part of the entire universe that is (in principle) visible to an observer at a given time and place, i.e. that lies within the observer's particle horizon.
ΚΠ
1932 Science 9 Sept. 222 Hubble estimates that about 30 million nebulae are contained within a sphere of this radius, and that so far as the observations go..they are uniformly distributed..throughout the observable universe.
1982 F. H. Shu Physical Universe xv. 376/2 The distinction between the universe and the observable universe is important because astronomers have not yet settled the question of whether the universe is open or closed.
1991 D. Overbye Lonely Hearts of Cosmos xiii. 241 At the time of the breakdown of grand unified symmetry the region that we today call the observable universe—a sphere roughly 10 billion light-years in radius—was about the size of a grapefruit and sizzling at 1027 degrees K.
1995 New Scientist 16 Sept. 20/1 Paul Francis of the University of Melbourne..discovered the newborn giant elliptical [galaxy] near the edge of the observable Universe.
2. That must or may be attended to, followed, or kept. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > carrying out > observance or carrying out a promise, law, etc. > [adjective] > that must or may be observed
observable1608
the mind > language > speech > agreement > observance > [adjective] > observed > that must be observed
observable1608
swerveless1863
1608 Bp. T. Morton Preamble Incounter 51 Obseruable for perpetuall remembrance.
1609 Bible (Douay) I. Exod. xii. 42 This is the observable [L. observabilis] night of our Lord.
1879 H. Spencer Princ. Sociol. §348 Forms observable in social intercourse.
3. Originally: †notable, remarkable (obsolete). Now, in weakened sense: worthy of observation, attention, notice, or mention, noteworthy. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [adjective] > worthy of notice
specialc1405
eminentc1420
markablec1449
noteworthy1552
regardable1572
respectable1584
of —— observation1587
considerable1589
of (great, little, etc.) mark1590
signal1591
remarkable1593
conspicuous1604
noble1604
observative1608
observable1609
significant1642
noteful1644
signalized1652
tall1655
curious1682
notice-worthy1713
unco1724
noticeable1793
handsome1813
epoch-forming1816
measurable1839
epochal1857
epoch-making1863
era-making1894
epoch-marking1895
high profile1950
landmark1959
1609 E. Hoby Let. to Mr. T. H. 8 The Naturalistes, amongst manie other obseruable relations, record this of the Struthio.
1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. vi. xxxi. 241/2 A man of so obseruable composednesse, as that he had beene neuer seene to laugh.
1638 T. Herbert Some Yeares Trav. (rev. ed.) 318 The Varellaes (or Temples)..are observable; each Varella farcinated with ugly (but guilded) Idolls.
1667 S. Pepys Diary 25 July (1974) VIII. 352 Hogg is..the most observable embezzler, that ever was known.
1775 S. Johnson Journey W. Islands 337 We met with nothing very observable.
1789 J. Brand Hist. & Antiq. Newcastle I. 495 There is an observable old chair in the vestry of this church.
1828 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I II. x. 244 A very observable incident in the history of Charles.
1884 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 27 108 It is observable that the application must be made on sufficient ground on affidavit or otherwise.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 207/2 It is observable that in 1793 the Admiralty Court of Ireland claimed to exercise prize jurisdiction under its general patent.
B. n.
1. A noteworthy thing, fact, or circumstance. Chiefly in plural. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [noun] > that which is important > worthy of notice
notabilityc1390
notables1484
bumming sound1598
grandee1622
observable1639
remarkable1639
observanda1663
remark1675
observation1736
crowning glory1780
attentiona1806
notabilia1849
day1918
one for the (end) books (also book)1922
1639 T. Fuller Hist. Holy Warre i. xix. 30 Asher entertaineth us with these observables.
1663 S. Pepys Diary 27 Feb. (1971) IV. 59 Among other observables, we drank the King's health out of a gilt cupp given by King Henry the 8th to this company.
1713 W. Derham Physico-theol. x. i. 447 Another Observable in the Fibers of the Leaf, is their orderly Position.
1746 G. Adams Micrographia Illustrata xxix. 102 (The Snail.) This slow paced slimy Animal hath many curious Observables.
1819 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) III. 364 Among other observables, it ought to be noticed that she has peculiar names for her domestic implements.
2.
a. Chiefly Philosophy. A thing that may be observed, noticed, or perceived; a thing that is knowable by means of the senses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > visibility > [noun] > that which is visible
seen1577
visible1614
visibility1628
ocular1648
observable1660
the visible1744
seeable1802
1660 H. More Explan. Grand Myst. Godliness iii. vi. 70 Apparent as well from what they write of his birth and amours, as from other observables in his Image.
1954 A. J. Ayer Philos. Ess. i. 9 It may be left open what situations are to count as being observable; whether, for example, we are to treat such objects as electrons as being directly accessible to observation, or only such common-sense objects as chairs and tables, or only sense-data. Whatever decision may be taken..we are..likely to be left with some descriptive expressions which do not signify observables.
1968 J. J. C. Smart Between Sci. & Philos. v. 143 The instrumentalist..would agree with the operationist in holding that in science no statements are made about entities other than macroscopic observables.
a1990 W. Percy Signposts in Strange Land (1991) 122 We are dealing, not with thoughts or subjective states, but with behavior and observables, with people, words and things, and what people do with words and things.
b. Science. A quantity that can (in principle) be measured.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > [noun] > specific concepts or principles of > specific types of quantity
variable1816
constant1832
observable1930
1930 P. A. M. Dirac Princ. Quantum Mech. ii. 25 In quantum mechanics it is more convenient to deal with something that refers to one particular time instead of to all times, analogous to the value of a classical variable at a particular instant of time. We shall call such a quantity an observable.
1966 C. G. Hempel Philos. Nat. Sci. vi. 74 These wavelengths are not observables in the ordinary sense of the word.
1974 H. Clark First Course Quantum Mech. iii. 54 In quantum mechanics..not all the observables of a system can be measured simultaneously. If some observable is measured, this act of measurement may disturb the system and change the value of some other observable.
1999 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 96 11309 There are two sets of experimental observables that can be used to test the sequential binary collision model: protein folding rates and ϕ-values.
3. A point to be observed or attended to. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > agreement > observance > [noun] > that which is observed
observable1703
1703 R. Neve City & Countrey Purchaser 50 Of Observables in Buying and Laying Bricks.

Derivatives

obˈservableness n. rare the quality or fact of being observable.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [noun] > worthy of notice
notablenessc1450
particularity1570
conspicuity1601
of remarka1618
remarkableness1623
conspicuousness1661
noise1670
figure1692
observableness1727
remarkability1838
1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Observableness. fitness, easiness, or worthiness to be observed.
1998 Nursing Econ. (Nexis) 11 Jan. 27 They listed 25 technical considerations: validity, reliability, objectivity, theoretical base behavioral orientation, observableness, special training, [etc.]
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.1589
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