obsequiousadj.

Brit.

/əbˈsiːkwɪəs/, U.S.

/əbˈsikwiəs/

Forms: late Middle English obsequyouse, late Middle English–1500s obsequyous, 1500s– obsequious, 1600s obsequuous (transmission error), 1700s–1800s obsequeous, 1800s obseqaious (irregular).

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin obsequiōsus.

Etymology: < classical Latin obsequiōsus compliant, obedient, in post-classical Latin also (of a plant) creeping (1608 in the passage translated in quot. 1657 at sense 2b) < obsequium obsequy n.² + -ōsus -ous suffix. Compare Middle French, French obsequieux (1500 in sense 1a, late 18th cent. in sense 2a). In sense 1b after obsequy n.¹

a. Compliant with the will or wishes of another, esp. a superior; prompt to serve, please, or follow directions; obedient; dutiful. Also figurative. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > subjection > service > servant > [adjective] > ready or willing to serve

serviceablea1375

obsequious1447

diligent1566

1447 [implied in: O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 5440 In al þis tyme wych so besyly She shewyd þis meke obsequyousnesse. (at obsequiousness n. 1)].

c1475 Mankind (1969) 5 Owr obsequyouse seruyce to hym xulde be aplyede.

1530 W. Tyndale Pract. Prelates sig. Giv^v Was no man so obsequyous and seruiceable.

1572 G. Buchanan Detectioun Marie Quene of Scottes (1727) 71 Quhat menis..hir malicious and not obsequious diligence?

a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iv. ii. 2 I see you are obsequious in your loue.

1651 in J. Stuart Extracts Presbytery Bk. Strathbogie (1843) 197 If the people could be drawne to be obsequious.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 10 Light issues forth, and at the other dore Obsequious darkness enters.

1703 W. Burkitt Expos. Notes New Test. Mark xi. 6 The most unruly and untam'd Creatures become obsequious to Christ.

1793 W. Wordsworth Evening Walk 13 Obsequious Grace the winding swan pursue.

a1859 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. (1861) V. xxiii. 2 An army may be so constituted as to be..efficient against an enemy, and yet obsequious to the civil magistrate.

1881 H. James Portrait of Lady III. xiii. 192 She..was admitted by the portress of the convent, a genial and obsequious person.

1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. x. [Wandering Rocks] 242 The cavalcade passed out by the lower gate of Phœnix park saluted by obsequious policemen.

†b. Dutiful in performing obsequies or showing respect for the dead; appropriate to obsequies. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > obsequies > [adjective]

obsequious1594

exequious1619

obsequiala1686

society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > [adjective] > in regard to the dead

obsequious1594

1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus v. iii. 151 Stand all a loofe but vnckle draw you neare, To shed obsequious teares vpon this trunke.

1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. ii. 92 The suruiuer bound In filliall obligation..To doe obsequious sorrowe.

c1674 Inscription Kingswood Church in Gentleman's Mag. (1800) 70 39/1 In memory of his deere Father..His obsequious son Richard Webb set up this monument.

1681 Elegy upon Death Mr. W. Lilly in J. W. Draper Cent. Broadside Elegies (1928) No. 68. 149/2 Th' obsequious Stars Could do no less than his sad Fate unfold, Who had their Risings, and their Settings told.

a. Unduly or servilely compliant; overly submissive; manifesting or characterized by servility; fawning, sycophantic. Also obsequious-looking.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > humility > servility > [adjective]

go-by-ground?a1300

thrall1398

abjectc1430

manly?c1430

servicious1440

serviceable1483

servile1537

tame1563

slavish1565

demiss1572

submissive1572

cringing1579

fawning1585

incrouching?1593

vassal1594

scraping1599

obsequious1602

spaniel1606

observing1609

deprostrate1610

supplea1616

vernile1623

shrugging1629

wormy1640

compliable1641

thrall-like1641

obeisant1642

inservient1646

truckling1656

cringeling1693

benecking1705

subservient1714

footman-like1776

bingeing1805

sidling1821

toadying1863

crawlsome1904

toadyish1909

crawling1941

ass-kissing1942

1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida i. sig. B3 With most obsequious, sleek-brow'd intertain.

1670 A. Marvell Let. 28 Nov. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 318 The House was thin and obsequious.

1728 J. Swift Intelligencer (1729) No. 7. 59 He had now acquired a low, obsequious, awkward Bow.

1788 A. Hamilton in Federalist Papers i The greatest number have begun their career by paying an obsequious court to the people; commencing demagogues and ending tyrants.

1818 S. E. Ferrier Marriage III. i. 5 This Grace was flanked by an obsequious looking gentleman, who was slightly named, as General Carver.

1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) i. 4 Following him out, with most obsequious politeness.

1889 R. Brydall Art in Scotl. vii. 131 The timid, insignificant, and obsequious-looking pock-pitted youth.

1927 Amer. Mercury Feb. 246/1 He gives..the impression of presenting the essential vulgarity of certain of his themes with little of the obsequious bowing, scraping and hand-rubbing common to his dressed-up contemporaries.

1993 Poets & Writers Sept. 27/1 Most had been alienated by boastful, dishonest, obsequious, cloying and, occasionally, nonexistent letters.

†b. Of a plant: creeping. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > [adjective] > climbing, spreading, or creeping

running1548

spreading1560

flat1578

ramping1578

wandering1590

upcreeping1611

gadding1638

rambling1653

obsequious1657

reptant1657

scansive1657

scansory1657

procumbent1668

repent1669

scandenta1682

supine1686

scrambling1688

creeping1697

sarmentous1721

reptile1727

sarmentose1760

prostrate1773

trailing1785

decumbent1789

travelling1822

vagrant1827

sarmentaceous1830

humifuse1854

sarmentiferous1858

amphibryous1866

humistratous1880

climbing1882

clambering1883

1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Materials i, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. Nn^v Its root emits many crass, obsequious [L. obsequiosos] branches.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	obsequious
释义	obsequiousadj. Brit. /əbˈsiːkwɪəs/, U.S. /əbˈsikwiəs/ Forms: late Middle English obsequyouse, late Middle English–1500s obsequyous, 1500s– obsequious, 1600s obsequuous (transmission error), 1700s–1800s obsequeous, 1800s obseqaious (irregular). Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin obsequiōsus. Etymology: < classical Latin obsequiōsus compliant, obedient, in post-classical Latin also (of a plant) creeping (1608 in the passage translated in quot. 1657 at sense 2b) < obsequium obsequy n.² + -ōsus -ous suffix. Compare Middle French, French obsequieux (1500 in sense 1a, late 18th cent. in sense 2a). In sense 1b after obsequy n.¹ 1. a. Compliant with the will or wishes of another, esp. a superior; prompt to serve, please, or follow directions; obedient; dutiful. Also figurative. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > subjection > service > servant > [adjective] > ready or willing to serve serviceablea1375 obsequious1447 diligent1566 1447 [implied in: O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 5440 In al þis tyme wych so besyly She shewyd þis meke obsequyousnesse. (at obsequiousness n. 1)]. c1475 Mankind (1969) 5 Owr obsequyouse seruyce to hym xulde be aplyede. 1530 W. Tyndale Pract. Prelates sig. Giv^v Was no man so obsequyous and seruiceable. 1572 G. Buchanan Detectioun Marie Quene of Scottes (1727) 71 Quhat menis..hir malicious and not obsequious diligence? a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) iv. ii. 2 I see you are obsequious in your loue. View more context for this quotation 1651 in J. Stuart Extracts Presbytery Bk. Strathbogie (1843) 197 If the people could be drawne to be obsequious. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 10 Light issues forth, and at the other dore Obsequious darkness enters. View more context for this quotation 1703 W. Burkitt Expos. Notes New Test. Mark xi. 6 The most unruly and untam'd Creatures become obsequious to Christ. 1793 W. Wordsworth Evening Walk 13 Obsequious Grace the winding swan pursue. a1859 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. (1861) V. xxiii. 2 An army may be so constituted as to be..efficient against an enemy, and yet obsequious to the civil magistrate. 1881 H. James Portrait of Lady III. xiii. 192 She..was admitted by the portress of the convent, a genial and obsequious person. 1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. x. [Wandering Rocks] 242 The cavalcade passed out by the lower gate of Phœnix park saluted by obsequious policemen. †b. Dutiful in performing obsequies or showing respect for the dead; appropriate to obsequies. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > obsequies > [adjective] obsequious1594 exequious1619 obsequiala1686 society > morality > duty or obligation > recognition of duty > [adjective] > in regard to the dead obsequious1594 1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus v. iii. 151 Stand all a loofe but vnckle draw you neare, To shed obsequious teares vpon this trunke. View more context for this quotation 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. ii. 92 The suruiuer bound In filliall obligation..To doe obsequious sorrowe. View more context for this quotation c1674 Inscription Kingswood Church in Gentleman's Mag. (1800) 70 39/1 In memory of his deere Father..His obsequious son Richard Webb set up this monument. 1681 Elegy upon Death Mr. W. Lilly in J. W. Draper Cent. Broadside Elegies (1928) No. 68. 149/2 Th' obsequious Stars Could do no less than his sad Fate unfold, Who had their Risings, and their Settings told. 2. a. Unduly or servilely compliant; overly submissive; manifesting or characterized by servility; fawning, sycophantic. Also obsequious-looking. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > humility > servility > [adjective] go-by-ground?a1300 thrall1398 abjectc1430 manly?c1430 servicious1440 serviceable1483 servile1537 tame1563 slavish1565 demiss1572 submissive1572 cringing1579 fawning1585 incrouching?1593 vassal1594 scraping1599 obsequious1602 spaniel1606 observing1609 deprostrate1610 supplea1616 vernile1623 shrugging1629 wormy1640 compliable1641 thrall-like1641 obeisant1642 inservient1646 truckling1656 cringeling1693 benecking1705 subservient1714 footman-like1776 bingeing1805 sidling1821 toadying1863 crawlsome1904 toadyish1909 crawling1941 ass-kissing1942 1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida i. sig. B3 With most obsequious, sleek-brow'd intertain. 1670 A. Marvell Let. 28 Nov. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 318 The House was thin and obsequious. 1728 J. Swift Intelligencer (1729) No. 7. 59 He had now acquired a low, obsequious, awkward Bow. 1788 A. Hamilton in Federalist Papers i The greatest number have begun their career by paying an obsequious court to the people; commencing demagogues and ending tyrants. 1818 S. E. Ferrier Marriage III. i. 5 This Grace was flanked by an obsequious looking gentleman, who was slightly named, as General Carver. 1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) i. 4 Following him out, with most obsequious politeness. 1889 R. Brydall Art in Scotl. vii. 131 The timid, insignificant, and obsequious-looking pock-pitted youth. 1927 Amer. Mercury Feb. 246/1 He gives..the impression of presenting the essential vulgarity of certain of his themes with little of the obsequious bowing, scraping and hand-rubbing common to his dressed-up contemporaries. 1993 Poets & Writers Sept. 27/1 Most had been alienated by boastful, dishonest, obsequious, cloying and, occasionally, nonexistent letters. †b. Of a plant: creeping. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > by growth or development > defined by habit > [adjective] > climbing, spreading, or creeping running1548 spreading1560 flat1578 ramping1578 wandering1590 upcreeping1611 gadding1638 rambling1653 obsequious1657 reptant1657 scansive1657 scansory1657 procumbent1668 repent1669 scandenta1682 supine1686 scrambling1688 creeping1697 sarmentous1721 reptile1727 sarmentose1760 prostrate1773 trailing1785 decumbent1789 travelling1822 vagrant1827 sarmentaceous1830 humifuse1854 sarmentiferous1858 amphibryous1866 humistratous1880 climbing1882 clambering1883 1657 R. Tomlinson tr. J. de Renou Medicinal Materials i, in Medicinal Dispensatory sig. Nn^v Its root emits many crass, obsequious [L. obsequiosos] branches. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1447
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