obligateadj.n.

Brit.

/ˈɒblᵻɡət/, U.S.

/ˈɑbləɡət/

Forms: late Middle English–1600s 1800s– obligate; Scottish pre-1700 oblegat, pre-1700 obligat.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin obligātus.

Etymology: < classical Latin obligātus, past participle of obligāre oblige v.In sense A. 2 after German obligat (apparently 1884 in the passage translated in quot. 1887 at sense A. 2, although the form in this passage could rather be interpreted as a plural noun).

A. adj.

†1. Bound by oath, law, or duty; obliged. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal obligation > [adjective] > under obligation

attendant1393

obligate?a1475

obliged1596

thirleda1722

obligated1740

duty-bound1908

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > [adjective] > bound or under obligation

indebted?c1225

boundena1400

owingc1400

debtfulc1425

belast1441

beholdena1450

worthy1469

obligate?a1475

subjectc1480

bound1488

debt-bounda1522

obstrict1527

addicted1535

oughting1567

devinct1573

bounded1586

obliged1596

affineda1616

boundant1654

guilty1700

obligated1740

behoven1880

duty-bound1908

due1913

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 185 A man obligate [1387 J. Trevisa tr. þat hadde obleged hym self] to the deville for þe luffe of a mayde.

1538–9 Instr. Henry VIII Visitation Monasteries (1886) 22 That they be in no case..obligate to the same.

a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 25 The law sayith..thou art bound and obligat unto me.

1663 W. Clark Marciano iii. vii. 37 O I am obligate to your ingenuity.

2. Chiefly attributive. Biology. That has to be such; esp. (of an organism) restricted to a particular (specified) mode of life, habitat, or function; (of a mode of life) obligatory, necessary. Opposed to facultative adj. 1c.

ΚΠ

1887 H. E. F. Garnsey & I. B. Balfour tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Morphol. & Biol. Fungi vii. 356 Obligate parasites, that is, species to which a parasitic life is indispensable for the attainment of their full development.

1926 A. G. Tansley & T. F. Chipp Aims & Methods Study Vegetation ix. 158 In the Orchidaceae and Ericaceae..the seeds of the plant do not germinate unless infected by mycorrhizal fungus... This ‘obligate’ mycorrhizal habit probably obtains in most saprophytes.

1947 D. Wyman Aboretums & Bot. Gardens N. Amer. July 491/1 Obligate symbiosis.

1960 K. Esau Anat. Seed Plants xxi. 323 The phenomenon is obligate in some species.

1993 Equinox Oct. 38/3 That is one reason for Point Pelee's popularity among songbirds, which are perchers and obligate insectivores: it is one of the few places on this leg of their flight path where they can perch and feed.

2001 Cats July 32/1 Cats..are part of a very small group called obligate carnivores that can only get a complete diet from meat.

B. n.

Biology. An obligate organism.

ΚΠ

1907 Med. Rec. (N.Y.) 3 Aug. 172 The chief value of these obligates [sc. intestinal bacteria] lies probably in their potential capacity to check the growth and development of harmful bacteria.

1996 Ecol. Applic. 6 1315/1 Brewer's Sparrows and Sage Thrashers are ‘sagebrush obligates’..and are found throughout the rangeland or shrubsteppe region of western North America.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

obligatev.

Brit.

/ˈɒblᵻɡeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈɑbləˌɡeɪt/

Forms: 1500s– obligate, 1500s obligatt (past participle), 1800s obolygate (U.S. regional), 1800s– hobligaate (English regional (Worcestershire)); also Scottish pre-1700 oblegat (past tense), pre-1700 obligat (past tense).

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin obligāt-, obligāre.

Etymology: < classical Latin obligāt-, past participial stem (compare -ate suffix³) of obligāre oblige v. Compare earlier obligate adj.With the past tense forms oblegat , obligat and the past participle obligate compare obligate adj.

a. transitive. To bind (a person) morally; to put (a person) under moral obligation; to constrain, compel, oblige. Usually in passive with infinitive. Now chiefly North American.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > bind (a person) morally or legally [verb (transitive)]

obligea1325

conclude1393

astrainc1475

astringe1523

obstringe1528

obligate1533

bind1549

debt-bind1563

astrictc1600

tie1608

engage1642

to put (a person) on his or her honour1656

pin1710

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > be bound by moral or legal tie [verb (intransitive)]

shrive1338

to be boundc1360

to be holdena1375

to be obliged1398

oblige1548

obligate1955

1533 T. Gilbert Let. 7 July in Lisle Papers (P.R.O.: SP 3/10/113) f. 143 I were grettly bownd to praye for yow: where yow haue oblygatt me yn tymys past so for to do.

1668 in Athenæum (1894) 2 June 710/1 My station obligates me to render service with obedience to her commands.

1753 G. Washington Writings (1889) I. 33 They were obligated, according to Promise, to give the Present.

1764 S. Foote Mayor of Garret i. 19 Sir, I am obligated to leave you.

a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. ii. 424 The more ties wherewith we are obligated to any, the nearer he stands in proximity to us.

1828 D. M. Moir Life Mansie Wauch i. 12 His wife and small family..that he had been obligated to leave.

1859 W. Anderson Discourses (1860) 308 You are not only warranted but obligated to vindicate yourself.

1888 ‘C. E. Craddock’ Despot Broomsedge Cove 146 The parson..was ‘obligated’ to go down to the Settlement.

1900 S. R. Crockett Little Anna Mark xl. 340 When she came to New Milns she was obligated to go to the Scots kirk with Sir James.

1902 H. Kingsford in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 320/1 [Worcs.] I was obligated to get me a donkey.

1925 T. Dreiser Amer. Trag. I. xv. 114 He feared to obligate himself to do something which later he might not be able to do.

1955 C. McCullers in Mademoiselle Nov. 134/1 ‘I can't stay but just a minute,’ John said. ‘I'm obligated to sell those tickets. I have to eat and run.’

1975 N.Y. Times 29 Nov. 26/1 President Ford is obligated early next month to report to Congress on the ‘progress’ of negotiations looking toward a Cyprus settlement.

1996 Financial Post (Canada) 5 Nov. 25/1 When shipping goods to an HST province from elsewhere in Canada, a vendor is obligated to collect the 15% HST and remit the amount to the federal government.

b. transitive. To bind (a person) legally.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal obligation > put under legal obligation [verb (transitive)]

obligea1325

astringe1523

obligate1581

astrictc1600

engage1642

conclude1883

1581 Protocol Bk. J. Robertsone (Edinb. Reg. House) f. 16 William Jak..oblegat him..to refond..fourty schillingis..for ilk tyme that he beis fundin playand at cartis or dys.

1755 N. Magens Ess. Insurances II. 109 If a Master sells his Ship, the new Master and Sailors shall not be obligated to each other.

1879 Standard 15 Dec. The Royal Princes..having been properly obligated, were invested as Knights of the Temple and Malta.

1879 Constit. Calif. in J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. (1888) II. App. 673 Every contract..by which a debtor is obligated to pay any tax.

1978 L. DeBakey & S. DeBakey in Grants Mag. Mar. 45/2 If the grantor provides an outline of the order in which the proposal is to be written, you are obligated to follow these specifications.

1982 Sc. Law Times 29 Jan. 7/2 In this situation it was open to the defender either to sign the letter and further obligate himself, or to refuse to accept this additional obligation.

†2. transitive. To make (a thing) a security; to pledge, pawn, mortgage. Cf. oblige v. 3a. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [verb (transitive)] > pledge (of money, land, etc.) as security

obligec1325

obligate1541

escrow1961

1541 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 107 The..capitayn..hath full power..to bynd and obligate..the shipp with her frayghte.

1774 S. Hallifax Anal. Rom. Law (1795) 87 Actio Serviana..for the recovery of goods, obligated by the Hirer, as a security for his Rent.

1890 E. Johnson Rise Christendom 57 Which things..we forbid to be alienated and obligated, except for the sake of the redemption of captives.

†3. More generally.

a. transitive. To bind, connect, attach. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > attachment > attach or affix [verb (transitive)]

fastenOE

fasta1225

tachec1315

to-seta1340

catcha1350

affichea1382

to put ona1382

tacka1387

to put to1396

adjoina1400

attach?a1400

bend1399

spyndec1400

to-tachc1400

affixc1448

complexc1470

setc1480

attouch1483

found?1541

obligate1547

patch1549

alligate1563

dight1572

inyoke1595

infixa1616

wreathe1643

adlige1650

adhibit1651

oblige1656

adent1658

to bring to1681

engage1766

superfix1766

to lap on1867

accrete1870

1547 J. Hooper Declar. Christe xi, in Early Writings (1843) 84 Therefore is not the interpretation of the scripture obligated unto an ordinary power, nor to the most part.

b. transitive. To bind round, fasten up. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > bind or tie [verb (transitive)] > bind > bind round or about

uptrussc1340

betiea1556

circumlige1572

circumligate1599

obligatec1600

gird1602

woold1775

c1600 Timon (1980) iii. v. 49 Let it bee lawfull for mee..to..ligate & obligate your eares with my words.

a. transitive. To make (a person) indebted; to confer a favour on, gratify. Usually in passive. Now chiefly U.S.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > gratitude > thank [verb (transitive)] > make indebted by kindness

bedebta1522

tie1576

indebt1603

endear1604

obligate1697

1697 R. South 12 Serm. (ed. 2) 503 While the Courteous Person thinks that he is obligating [1692 obliging], and doing such an one a kindness, the Proud Person..accounts him to be only paying a Debt.

1726 Four Years Voy. Capt. G. Roberts 159 Yet, said they, we are more obligated to St. Antonio, because it was he that directed the Portuguese..to this Island.

1763 Connecticut Rec. XII. 206 The same monies for which the said Knap and Monmouth were obligated..being unpaid.

1810 P. B. Shelley Let. 14 Nov. (1964) I. 20 I am much obligated by the trouble you have taken to fit it for the press.

1838 C. Gilman Recoll. Southern Matron 52 Sister Nancy was much obligated by the fans and basket Miss Neely sent her.

1882 Nature 16 Mar. 453/2 For which all scientific men will feel deeply obligated.

1898 J. MacManus Bend of Road 73 I'll be happy to obligate ye.

1919 F. Hurst Humoresque 226 She thought maybe..I'd go over to her place for Wednesday-night supper for a change. You know how a girl like Clara gets to feeling obligated.

1963 PMLA 78 11/1 Many of them felt obligated to turn out teaching materials as a kind of quid pro quo for their $350 stipend.

1992 D. F. Gates Chief v. 61 It is assumed each officer has enough pride to be his own person and not be obligated to anyone.

†b. transitive. To render (conduct, etc.) obligatory. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > morality > duty or obligation > [verb (transitive)] > make (conduct, etc.) obligatory

obligate1879

1879 G. MacDonald Paul Faber I. xvii. 219 The purpose justified an interest in him beyond what gratitude obligated.

Derivatives

ˈobligated adj. that is under or characterized by obligation; compelled, constrained.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal obligation > [adjective] > under obligation

attendant1393

obligate?a1475

obliged1596

thirleda1722

obligated1740

duty-bound1908

society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > [adjective] > bound or under obligation

indebted?c1225

boundena1400

owingc1400

debtfulc1425

belast1441

beholdena1450

worthy1469

obligate?a1475

subjectc1480

bound1488

debt-bounda1522

obstrict1527

addicted1535

oughting1567

devinct1573

bounded1586

obliged1596

affineda1616

boundant1654

guilty1700

obligated1740

behoven1880

duty-bound1908

due1913

1740 S. Richardson Pamela II. 72 Your so much obligated Pamela.

1813 T. Busby in tr. Lucretius Nature of Things I. iii. Comm. p. xxx If..the only obligated difference..be its subjection to mortality.

1993 Ethics 104 61 It is done in order to make the obligated person act as the obligator wishes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	obligate
释义	obligateadj.n. Brit. /ˈɒblᵻɡət/, U.S. /ˈɑbləɡət/ Forms: late Middle English–1600s 1800s– obligate; Scottish pre-1700 oblegat, pre-1700 obligat. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin obligātus. Etymology: < classical Latin obligātus, past participle of obligāre oblige v.In sense A. 2 after German obligat (apparently 1884 in the passage translated in quot. 1887 at sense A. 2, although the form in this passage could rather be interpreted as a plural noun). A. adj. †1. Bound by oath, law, or duty; obliged. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal obligation > [adjective] > under obligation attendant1393 obligate?a1475 obliged1596 thirleda1722 obligated1740 duty-bound1908 society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > [adjective] > bound or under obligation indebted?c1225 boundena1400 owingc1400 debtfulc1425 belast1441 beholdena1450 worthy1469 obligate?a1475 subjectc1480 bound1488 debt-bounda1522 obstrict1527 addicted1535 oughting1567 devinct1573 bounded1586 obliged1596 affineda1616 boundant1654 guilty1700 obligated1740 behoven1880 duty-bound1908 due1913 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1874) V. 185 A man obligate [1387 J. Trevisa tr. þat hadde obleged hym self] to the deville for þe luffe of a mayde. 1538–9 Instr. Henry VIII Visitation Monasteries (1886) 22 That they be in no case..obligate to the same. a1572 J. Knox Hist. Reformation Scotl. in Wks. (1846) I. 25 The law sayith..thou art bound and obligat unto me. 1663 W. Clark Marciano iii. vii. 37 O I am obligate to your ingenuity. 2. Chiefly attributive. Biology. That has to be such; esp. (of an organism) restricted to a particular (specified) mode of life, habitat, or function; (of a mode of life) obligatory, necessary. Opposed to facultative adj. 1c. ΚΠ 1887 H. E. F. Garnsey & I. B. Balfour tr. H. A. de Bary Compar. Morphol. & Biol. Fungi vii. 356 Obligate parasites, that is, species to which a parasitic life is indispensable for the attainment of their full development. 1926 A. G. Tansley & T. F. Chipp Aims & Methods Study Vegetation ix. 158 In the Orchidaceae and Ericaceae..the seeds of the plant do not germinate unless infected by mycorrhizal fungus... This ‘obligate’ mycorrhizal habit probably obtains in most saprophytes. 1947 D. Wyman Aboretums & Bot. Gardens N. Amer. July 491/1 Obligate symbiosis. 1960 K. Esau Anat. Seed Plants xxi. 323 The phenomenon is obligate in some species. 1993 Equinox Oct. 38/3 That is one reason for Point Pelee's popularity among songbirds, which are perchers and obligate insectivores: it is one of the few places on this leg of their flight path where they can perch and feed. 2001 Cats July 32/1 Cats..are part of a very small group called obligate carnivores that can only get a complete diet from meat. B. n. Biology. An obligate organism. ΚΠ 1907 Med. Rec. (N.Y.) 3 Aug. 172 The chief value of these obligates [sc. intestinal bacteria] lies probably in their potential capacity to check the growth and development of harmful bacteria. 1996 Ecol. Applic. 6 1315/1 Brewer's Sparrows and Sage Thrashers are ‘sagebrush obligates’..and are found throughout the rangeland or shrubsteppe region of western North America. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). obligatev. Brit. /ˈɒblᵻɡeɪt/, U.S. /ˈɑbləˌɡeɪt/ Forms: 1500s– obligate, 1500s obligatt (past participle), 1800s obolygate (U.S. regional), 1800s– hobligaate (English regional (Worcestershire)); also Scottish pre-1700 oblegat (past tense), pre-1700 obligat (past tense). Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin obligāt-, obligāre. Etymology: < classical Latin obligāt-, past participial stem (compare -ate suffix³) of obligāre oblige v. Compare earlier obligate adj.With the past tense forms oblegat , obligat and the past participle obligate compare obligate adj. 1. a. transitive. To bind (a person) morally; to put (a person) under moral obligation; to constrain, compel, oblige. Usually in passive with infinitive. Now chiefly North American. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > bind (a person) morally or legally [verb (transitive)] obligea1325 conclude1393 astrainc1475 astringe1523 obstringe1528 obligate1533 bind1549 debt-bind1563 astrictc1600 tie1608 engage1642 to put (a person) on his or her honour1656 pin1710 society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > be bound by moral or legal tie [verb (intransitive)] shrive1338 to be boundc1360 to be holdena1375 to be obliged1398 oblige1548 obligate1955 1533 T. Gilbert Let. 7 July in Lisle Papers (P.R.O.: SP 3/10/113) f. 143 I were grettly bownd to praye for yow: where yow haue oblygatt me yn tymys past so for to do. 1668 in Athenæum (1894) 2 June 710/1 My station obligates me to render service with obedience to her commands. 1753 G. Washington Writings (1889) I. 33 They were obligated, according to Promise, to give the Present. 1764 S. Foote Mayor of Garret i. 19 Sir, I am obligated to leave you. a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. ii. 424 The more ties wherewith we are obligated to any, the nearer he stands in proximity to us. 1828 D. M. Moir Life Mansie Wauch i. 12 His wife and small family..that he had been obligated to leave. 1859 W. Anderson Discourses (1860) 308 You are not only warranted but obligated to vindicate yourself. 1888 ‘C. E. Craddock’ Despot Broomsedge Cove 146 The parson..was ‘obligated’ to go down to the Settlement. 1900 S. R. Crockett Little Anna Mark xl. 340 When she came to New Milns she was obligated to go to the Scots kirk with Sir James. 1902 H. Kingsford in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 320/1 [Worcs.] I was obligated to get me a donkey. 1925 T. Dreiser Amer. Trag. I. xv. 114 He feared to obligate himself to do something which later he might not be able to do. 1955 C. McCullers in Mademoiselle Nov. 134/1 ‘I can't stay but just a minute,’ John said. ‘I'm obligated to sell those tickets. I have to eat and run.’ 1975 N.Y. Times 29 Nov. 26/1 President Ford is obligated early next month to report to Congress on the ‘progress’ of negotiations looking toward a Cyprus settlement. 1996 Financial Post (Canada) 5 Nov. 25/1 When shipping goods to an HST province from elsewhere in Canada, a vendor is obligated to collect the 15% HST and remit the amount to the federal government. b. transitive. To bind (a person) legally. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal obligation > put under legal obligation [verb (transitive)] obligea1325 astringe1523 obligate1581 astrictc1600 engage1642 conclude1883 1581 Protocol Bk. J. Robertsone (Edinb. Reg. House) f. 16 William Jak..oblegat him..to refond..fourty schillingis..for ilk tyme that he beis fundin playand at cartis or dys. 1755 N. Magens Ess. Insurances II. 109 If a Master sells his Ship, the new Master and Sailors shall not be obligated to each other. 1879 Standard 15 Dec. The Royal Princes..having been properly obligated, were invested as Knights of the Temple and Malta. 1879 Constit. Calif. in J. Bryce Amer. Commonw. (1888) II. App. 673 Every contract..by which a debtor is obligated to pay any tax. 1978 L. DeBakey & S. DeBakey in Grants Mag. Mar. 45/2 If the grantor provides an outline of the order in which the proposal is to be written, you are obligated to follow these specifications. 1982 Sc. Law Times 29 Jan. 7/2 In this situation it was open to the defender either to sign the letter and further obligate himself, or to refuse to accept this additional obligation. †2. transitive. To make (a thing) a security; to pledge, pawn, mortgage. Cf. oblige v. 3a. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > financial dealings > types of money-dealing > [verb (transitive)] > pledge (of money, land, etc.) as security obligec1325 obligate1541 escrow1961 1541 in R. G. Marsden Sel. Pleas Court Admiralty (1894) I. 107 The..capitayn..hath full power..to bynd and obligate..the shipp with her frayghte. 1774 S. Hallifax Anal. Rom. Law (1795) 87 Actio Serviana..for the recovery of goods, obligated by the Hirer, as a security for his Rent. 1890 E. Johnson Rise Christendom 57 Which things..we forbid to be alienated and obligated, except for the sake of the redemption of captives. †3. More generally. a. transitive. To bind, connect, attach. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fact or action of being joined or joining > attachment > attach or affix [verb (transitive)] fastenOE fasta1225 tachec1315 to-seta1340 catcha1350 affichea1382 to put ona1382 tacka1387 to put to1396 adjoina1400 attach?a1400 bend1399 spyndec1400 to-tachc1400 affixc1448 complexc1470 setc1480 attouch1483 found?1541 obligate1547 patch1549 alligate1563 dight1572 inyoke1595 infixa1616 wreathe1643 adlige1650 adhibit1651 oblige1656 adent1658 to bring to1681 engage1766 superfix1766 to lap on1867 accrete1870 1547 J. Hooper Declar. Christe xi, in Early Writings (1843) 84 Therefore is not the interpretation of the scripture obligated unto an ordinary power, nor to the most part. b. transitive. To bind round, fasten up. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > fastening > binding or tying > bind or tie [verb (transitive)] > bind > bind round or about uptrussc1340 betiea1556 circumlige1572 circumligate1599 obligatec1600 gird1602 woold1775 c1600 Timon (1980) iii. v. 49 Let it bee lawfull for mee..to..ligate & obligate your eares with my words. 4. a. transitive. To make (a person) indebted; to confer a favour on, gratify. Usually in passive. Now chiefly U.S. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > gratitude > thank [verb (transitive)] > make indebted by kindness bedebta1522 tie1576 indebt1603 endear1604 obligate1697 1697 R. South 12 Serm. (ed. 2) 503 While the Courteous Person thinks that he is obligating [1692 obliging], and doing such an one a kindness, the Proud Person..accounts him to be only paying a Debt. 1726 Four Years Voy. Capt. G. Roberts 159 Yet, said they, we are more obligated to St. Antonio, because it was he that directed the Portuguese..to this Island. 1763 Connecticut Rec. XII. 206 The same monies for which the said Knap and Monmouth were obligated..being unpaid. 1810 P. B. Shelley Let. 14 Nov. (1964) I. 20 I am much obligated by the trouble you have taken to fit it for the press. 1838 C. Gilman Recoll. Southern Matron 52 Sister Nancy was much obligated by the fans and basket Miss Neely sent her. 1882 Nature 16 Mar. 453/2 For which all scientific men will feel deeply obligated. 1898 J. MacManus Bend of Road 73 I'll be happy to obligate ye. 1919 F. Hurst Humoresque 226 She thought maybe..I'd go over to her place for Wednesday-night supper for a change. You know how a girl like Clara gets to feeling obligated. 1963 PMLA 78 11/1 Many of them felt obligated to turn out teaching materials as a kind of quid pro quo for their $350 stipend. 1992 D. F. Gates Chief v. 61 It is assumed each officer has enough pride to be his own person and not be obligated to anyone. †b. transitive. To render (conduct, etc.) obligatory. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > morality > duty or obligation > [verb (transitive)] > make (conduct, etc.) obligatory obligate1879 1879 G. MacDonald Paul Faber I. xvii. 219 The purpose justified an interest in him beyond what gratitude obligated. Derivatives ˈobligated adj. that is under or characterized by obligation; compelled, constrained. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal obligation > [adjective] > under obligation attendant1393 obligate?a1475 obliged1596 thirleda1722 obligated1740 duty-bound1908 society > morality > duty or obligation > moral or legal constraint > [adjective] > bound or under obligation indebted?c1225 boundena1400 owingc1400 debtfulc1425 belast1441 beholdena1450 worthy1469 obligate?a1475 subjectc1480 bound1488 debt-bounda1522 obstrict1527 addicted1535 oughting1567 devinct1573 bounded1586 obliged1596 affineda1616 boundant1654 guilty1700 obligated1740 behoven1880 duty-bound1908 due1913 1740 S. Richardson Pamela II. 72 Your so much obligated Pamela. 1813 T. Busby in tr. Lucretius Nature of Things I. iii. Comm. p. xxx If..the only obligated difference..be its subjection to mortality. 1993 Ethics 104 61 It is done in order to make the obligated person act as the obligator wishes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.?a1475v.1533
随便看	auditor auditor of the imprest auditor of the prests auditoria auditorial auditorially auditories auditorily auditorium auditoriums auditors auditorship auditorships auditory auditory bulb auditory meatus auditory recruitment auditory scanning auditress auditresses auditroom audits auditual auditure audubon