Norsen.adj.

Brit.

/nɔːs/, U.S.

/nɔrs/

Forms: 1500s Norsh, 1500s– Norse; also Scottish pre-1700 Norce, pre-1700 Nors, 1700s Norss, 1900s– Nurse.

Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably a borrowing from Dutch. Probably partly a borrowing from a Scandinavian language. Etymon: Dutch noors.

Etymology: Probably partly < Dutch noors (adjective) Norwegian (although this is first attested later: a1785 as noorsch ), probably originally a variant of noords northern, northerly (1685 as noortsch in sense ‘Norwegian’ (obsolete); Middle Dutch nortsch , nordsch , noordsch , noortsch < nort north adv. + -sch -ish suffix¹; compare Old Frisian norsch , nordsch , northesk , norsk (West Frisian noarsk )), and partly (especially in Scots use) < a form in a Scandinavian language (compare Icelandic norskur (17th cent.), Norwegian norsk , Old Swedish norisker , norsker (Swedish norsk ), Danish norsk , all adjectives in sense ‘Norwegian’), with loss of final -k (perhaps after Scots adj. and n.; compare -ish suffix¹), probably < the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic norrœnn Norren n. + the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic -iskr -ish suffix¹ (compare Old Norwegian nornst (neuter), Old Swedish nornisker , and also Middle Low German nornesch , norrensch , norresch , norrisch , probably a borrowing from Scandinavian with suffix substitution). Compare Nords n., Norish adj.

A. n.

a. The Norwegian language; the Norn language. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Scandinavian > Norwegian

Norsea1560

Norwegian1605

Nordsa1696

Norsk1844

a1560 R. Johnson Certaine Notes in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1598) I. 283 We fell with Norway, and on that coste lieth..Northbergen, and this people are under the King of Denmarke: But they differ in their speech from the Danes, for they speak Norsh.

a1688 J. Wallace Descr. Orkney (1693) 33 All speak English with a good Accent, only some of the common People among themselves speak Norse or the old Gottish Language.

1701 J. Brand Brief Descr. Orkney, Zetland 69 The Norse hath continued ever since the Norvegians had these Isles in Possession.

1763 H. Blair Crit. Diss. Poems of Ossian 39 Their ancient language..is called the Norse; and is a dialect..of the Scandinavian tongue.

1809 A. Edmondston View Zetland Islands I. 142 Pure Norse or Norwegian is now unknown in it [sc. Zetland].

1874 R. Cowie Shetland (ed. 2) 24 In 1774, some of the people in Foula could repeat the Lord's Prayer in Norse.

1911 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 294/1 (heading) Norwegian or Norse.

b. The Scandinavian language group; North Germanic. Also: Old Norse.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Scandinavian

runic1665

Scandinavian1766

Old Norse1833

ON1864

Norse1927

Nordic1940

1927 E. V. Gordon Introd. Old Norse 245 Old Norse was the language spoken by the North Germanic peoples (Scandinavians) from the time when Norse first became differentiated from the speech of other Germanic peoples.

1990 K. Thomas Gender & Subj. in Higher Educ. (BNC) 67 There's a friend of mine doing Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic—what on earth is she going to do with that afterwards?

1992 W. Bright Internat. Encycl. Linguistics IV. 89/1 It is manifested by the hierarchization of vocabulary into aesthetically marked vs. unmarked forms, referred to metaphorically as ‘language of gods’ vs. ‘language of men’ (cf. Greek, Norse, and Hittite).

†a. A Norwegian. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Scandinavia > the Norwegians > native or inhabitant of Norway

Norgana1387

Norwegian?a1425

Norse1576

Norman1605

Norweyan1817

1576 W. Burrough Deposition 23 June in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations 415 The Norwegians or Norses and people of Finmarke subiects to the king of Denmarke.

1589 R. Hakluyt tr. in Princ. Navigations ii. 245 The Norses [L. Norwegienses] haue possessed many lands and Islands of this Empire.

a1634 A. Gardyne Theatre Scotish Worthies (1878) 17 Att the Largs..Where numbers of thy Norces left yet ly.

b. With plural agreement. The inhabitants of Scandinavia in ancient or medieval times, collectively.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [noun]

Norse1848

the world > people > ethnicities > Germanic people > ancient Germanic peoples > [noun] > Vikings > person

Lochlann1706

Norseman1817

Norse1848

Anglo-Scandinavian1853

1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. i. i. 17 A simple song, that..betrayed its origin in the ballad of the Norse.

1902 A. MacBain in W. F. Skene Highland. Scotl. 396 Erp, son of Meldun, was captured by the Norse.

1937 N. M. Gunn Highland River v. 81 The Norse occupied the flat lands along the lower reaches of the river.

1972 W. B. Lockwood Panorama Indo-European Lang. vii. 126 As many as 5,000 Norse are believed to have lived in Greenland.

1992 Nat. Hist. Feb. 18/3 According to the sagas, the venture was doomed by Skraeling hostility and internal fighting among the Norse.

†3. Norway. Also: (personified) the king of Norway. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Scandinavia > the Norwegians

Norwaysc1175

Norreisc1300

Norse1719

1719 E. Wardlaw Hardyknute 4 The king of Norse..Landed in fair Scotland.

1719 E. Wardlaw Hardyknute 6 Now that Norse do's proudly boast Fair Scotland to inthrall.

1830 W. Scott Doom of Devorgoil i. ii. 55 A goodly garrison To hold a castle, which, if fame say true, Once foil'd the King of Norse and all his rovers.

B. adj.

Originally: of or relating to Norway or its language; Norwegian. Later: of or relating to Scandinavia or its language, esp. in ancient or medieval times.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [adjective]

Norsea1650

scanic1665

Scandian1668

Scandic1708

Scandinavian1784

Norsk1851

Scandinavianized1924

Scandihoovian1968

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Scandinavia and Iceland > [adjective] > Nordic

Norsea1650

Nordic1824

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Scandinavia and Iceland > [adjective] > Norway

Norwegian?a1425

Norna1450

Norgan1586

Norway1599

Norweyana1616

Norisha1639

Norsea1650

the world > people > ethnicities > Germanic people > ancient Germanic peoples > [adjective] > Vikings

Norsea1650

Ostmannic1843

the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Germanic > Scandinavian

Scandian1668

Scandinavian1784

Nordic1824

Norse1844

Anglo-Norse1927

a1650 Index Buchanan's Index Hist. MS (Edinb. Univ.) Norvegi, the Nors or Norway men under the croune of Denmark.

1711 R. Sibbald Descr. Isles Shetland 4 in Descr. Isles Orknay & Zetland Many of them, are descended from the Norvegians, and speak a Norse Tongue, corrupted, (they call Norn) amongst themselves.

1768 T. Gray Fatal Sisters in Poems 72 The fatal sisters... From the Norse-tongue.

1774 G. Low Tour Orkney & Shetl. (1879) 105 The Norse Language is much worn out here..; it was the language of the last age.

1821 W. Scott Pirate I. i. 17 Land..in possession of the Norse inhabitants.

1844 Proc. Philol. Soc. 1 236 The examples drawn from the oldest Norse composition.

1874 R. Cowie Shetland (ed. 2) 10 The first of the famous Norse jarls of Orkney and Zetland.

1927 E. V. Gordon Introd. Old Norse p. xxxv The oldest Norse poetry preserved traditions which belonged not merely to the Norse peoples but to the Germanic race as a whole.

1954 W. D. Simpson Viking Congr. 230 The Norse words that can nowadays be retrieved in Caithness are..sufficient to indicate a sometime complete and independent Norse idiom in the northernmost part of the Scottish mainland.

2000 Trav. & Leisure May 28/2 You'll discover huge murals depicting Norse legends.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	norse
释义	Norsen.adj. Brit. /nɔːs/, U.S. /nɔrs/ Forms: 1500s Norsh, 1500s– Norse; also Scottish pre-1700 Norce, pre-1700 Nors, 1700s Norss, 1900s– Nurse. Origin: Probably of multiple origins. Probably a borrowing from Dutch. Probably partly a borrowing from a Scandinavian language. Etymon: Dutch noors. Etymology: Probably partly < Dutch noors (adjective) Norwegian (although this is first attested later: a1785 as noorsch ), probably originally a variant of noords northern, northerly (1685 as noortsch in sense ‘Norwegian’ (obsolete); Middle Dutch nortsch , nordsch , noordsch , noortsch < nort north adv. + -sch -ish suffix¹; compare Old Frisian norsch , nordsch , northesk , norsk (West Frisian noarsk )), and partly (especially in Scots use) < a form in a Scandinavian language (compare Icelandic norskur (17th cent.), Norwegian norsk , Old Swedish norisker , norsker (Swedish norsk ), Danish norsk , all adjectives in sense ‘Norwegian’), with loss of final -k (perhaps after Scots adj. and n.; compare -ish suffix¹), probably < the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic norrœnn Norren n. + the Scandinavian base of Old Icelandic -iskr -ish suffix¹ (compare Old Norwegian nornst (neuter), Old Swedish nornisker , and also Middle Low German nornesch , norrensch , norresch , norrisch , probably a borrowing from Scandinavian with suffix substitution). Compare Nords n., Norish adj. A. n. 1. a. The Norwegian language; the Norn language. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Scandinavian > Norwegian Norsea1560 Norwegian1605 Nordsa1696 Norsk1844 a1560 R. Johnson Certaine Notes in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1598) I. 283 We fell with Norway, and on that coste lieth..Northbergen, and this people are under the King of Denmarke: But they differ in their speech from the Danes, for they speak Norsh. a1688 J. Wallace Descr. Orkney (1693) 33 All speak English with a good Accent, only some of the common People among themselves speak Norse or the old Gottish Language. 1701 J. Brand Brief Descr. Orkney, Zetland 69 The Norse hath continued ever since the Norvegians had these Isles in Possession. 1763 H. Blair Crit. Diss. Poems of Ossian 39 Their ancient language..is called the Norse; and is a dialect..of the Scandinavian tongue. 1809 A. Edmondston View Zetland Islands I. 142 Pure Norse or Norwegian is now unknown in it [sc. Zetland]. 1874 R. Cowie Shetland (ed. 2) 24 In 1774, some of the people in Foula could repeat the Lord's Prayer in Norse. 1911 Encycl. Brit. XXIV. 294/1 (heading) Norwegian or Norse. b. The Scandinavian language group; North Germanic. Also: Old Norse. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [noun] > Indo-European > Germanic > Scandinavian runic1665 Scandinavian1766 Old Norse1833 ON1864 Norse1927 Nordic1940 1927 E. V. Gordon Introd. Old Norse 245 Old Norse was the language spoken by the North Germanic peoples (Scandinavians) from the time when Norse first became differentiated from the speech of other Germanic peoples. 1990 K. Thomas Gender & Subj. in Higher Educ. (BNC) 67 There's a friend of mine doing Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic—what on earth is she going to do with that afterwards? 1992 W. Bright Internat. Encycl. Linguistics IV. 89/1 It is manifested by the hierarchization of vocabulary into aesthetically marked vs. unmarked forms, referred to metaphorically as ‘language of gods’ vs. ‘language of men’ (cf. Greek, Norse, and Hittite). 2. †a. A Norwegian. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Scandinavia > the Norwegians > native or inhabitant of Norway Norgana1387 Norwegian?a1425 Norse1576 Norman1605 Norweyan1817 1576 W. Burrough Deposition 23 June in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations 415 The Norwegians or Norses and people of Finmarke subiects to the king of Denmarke. 1589 R. Hakluyt tr. in Princ. Navigations ii. 245 The Norses [L. Norwegienses] haue possessed many lands and Islands of this Empire. a1634 A. Gardyne Theatre Scotish Worthies (1878) 17 Att the Largs..Where numbers of thy Norces left yet ly. b. With plural agreement. The inhabitants of Scandinavia in ancient or medieval times, collectively. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [noun] Norse1848 the world > people > ethnicities > Germanic people > ancient Germanic peoples > [noun] > Vikings > person Lochlann1706 Norseman1817 Norse1848 Anglo-Scandinavian1853 1848 E. Bulwer-Lytton Harold I. i. i. 17 A simple song, that..betrayed its origin in the ballad of the Norse. 1902 A. MacBain in W. F. Skene Highland. Scotl. 396 Erp, son of Meldun, was captured by the Norse. 1937 N. M. Gunn Highland River v. 81 The Norse occupied the flat lands along the lower reaches of the river. 1972 W. B. Lockwood Panorama Indo-European Lang. vii. 126 As many as 5,000 Norse are believed to have lived in Greenland. 1992 Nat. Hist. Feb. 18/3 According to the sagas, the venture was doomed by Skraeling hostility and internal fighting among the Norse. †3. Norway. Also: (personified) the king of Norway. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Scandinavia > the Norwegians Norwaysc1175 Norreisc1300 Norse1719 1719 E. Wardlaw Hardyknute 4 The king of Norse..Landed in fair Scotland. 1719 E. Wardlaw Hardyknute 6 Now that Norse do's proudly boast Fair Scotland to inthrall. 1830 W. Scott Doom of Devorgoil i. ii. 55 A goodly garrison To hold a castle, which, if fame say true, Once foil'd the King of Norse and all his rovers. B. adj. Originally: of or relating to Norway or its language; Norwegian. Later: of or relating to Scandinavia or its language, esp. in ancient or medieval times. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [adjective] Norsea1650 scanic1665 Scandian1668 Scandic1708 Scandinavian1784 Norsk1851 Scandinavianized1924 Scandihoovian1968 the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Scandinavia and Iceland > [adjective] > Nordic Norsea1650 Nordic1824 the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Scandinavia and Iceland > [adjective] > Norway Norwegian?a1425 Norna1450 Norgan1586 Norway1599 Norweyana1616 Norisha1639 Norsea1650 the world > people > ethnicities > Germanic people > ancient Germanic peoples > [adjective] > Vikings Norsea1650 Ostmannic1843 the mind > language > languages of the world > Indo-Hittite > [adjective] > Indo-European > Germanic > Scandinavian Scandian1668 Scandinavian1784 Nordic1824 Norse1844 Anglo-Norse1927 a1650 Index Buchanan's Index Hist. MS (Edinb. Univ.) Norvegi, the Nors or Norway men under the croune of Denmark. 1711 R. Sibbald Descr. Isles Shetland 4 in Descr. Isles Orknay & Zetland Many of them, are descended from the Norvegians, and speak a Norse Tongue, corrupted, (they call Norn) amongst themselves. 1768 T. Gray Fatal Sisters in Poems 72 The fatal sisters... From the Norse-tongue. 1774 G. Low Tour Orkney & Shetl. (1879) 105 The Norse Language is much worn out here..; it was the language of the last age. 1821 W. Scott Pirate I. i. 17 Land..in possession of the Norse inhabitants. 1844 Proc. Philol. Soc. 1 236 The examples drawn from the oldest Norse composition. 1874 R. Cowie Shetland (ed. 2) 10 The first of the famous Norse jarls of Orkney and Zetland. 1927 E. V. Gordon Introd. Old Norse p. xxxv The oldest Norse poetry preserved traditions which belonged not merely to the Norse peoples but to the Germanic race as a whole. 1954 W. D. Simpson Viking Congr. 230 The Norse words that can nowadays be retrieved in Caithness are..sufficient to indicate a sometime complete and independent Norse idiom in the northernmost part of the Scottish mainland. 2000 Trav. & Leisure May 28/2 You'll discover huge murals depicting Norse legends. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.a1560
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