nucleo-comb. form

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: nucleus n., -o- connective.

Etymology: < nucleus n. + -o- connective.Earliest in mid 19th cent. in the French loan nucleobranch n. Formations in English are found from the late 19th cent., apparently earliest in nucleoplast n. Compare scientific Latin nucleo- (formations in which are found from at least the early 19th cent.), French nucléo- (formations in which are found from at least the early 19th cent.), and German nucleo- (formations in which are found from at least the late 19th cent.).

1. Biology and Biochemistry. Forming nouns and adjectives with the sense ‘of or relating to a cell nucleus’ or ‘of or relating to nucleic acid’.

† nucleoalbuminous n. and adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1895 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 68 ii. 52 The active agent in [blood] coagulation is regarded as a nucleo-albuminous substance, named nucleo-histon.

† nucleo-hyaloplasm n. and adj. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1887 Amer. Naturalist 21 223 Strasburger has modified the theory by his idea that the nucleo-hyaloplasm is primary idioplasm, while the cytohyaloplasm is secondary; the former is conservative, the latter is adaptive.

1892 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Nucleohyaloplasm.., applied by Strasburger to the hyaline ground substance in which chromatin spherules are embedded.

† nucleo-idioplasm n. and adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1892 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Nucleo-idioplasm, the part of the nucleus which consists of Idioplasm.

† nucleo-phosphoric n. and adj. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 647 By some observers, other substances—gluten, leucin, nucleo-phosphoric acid, guanin—have been found as abnormal bodies.

nucleoalbumin n.

Brit.

/ˌnjuːklɪəʊˈalbjᵿmᵻn/

U.S.

/ˌn(j)uklioʊˌælˈbjumən/

[after German Nucleoalbumin (O. Hammarsten 1888, in Zeitschr. f. Physiol. Chem. 12 173)] disused a phosphate-containing protein; (in later use) spec. a phosphoprotein.

ΚΠ

1888 Proc. Royal Soc. 44 257 In all these points this proteid resembles in its characters a class of proteids which have been recently named ‘nucleo-albumins’ [Ger. Nucleoalbumin] by Hammarsten.

1896 E. B. Wilson Cell vii. 243 The principal nucleo-albumin (nucleo-proteid) in the nucleus of leucocytes is nucleo-histon.

1901 W. H. Jordan Feeding of Animals v. 66 The best known nucleo-albumin in agriculture is the casein of milk.

1932 A. L. Winton & K. G. B. Winton Struct. & Composition Foods II. 241 Vitellin itself was long thought to be a nucleoalbumin, but..the supposed close relationship to nucleic acid has been disproved.

† nucleochylema n. Obsolete rare (Strasburger's name for) the fluid component of the nucleoplasm; cf. enchylema n.

ΚΠ

1889 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 30 211 To the nuclear sap which fills the spaces in the Nucleohyaloplasm he [sc. Strasburger] gives the name Nucleochylema.

† nucleochyme n. Obsolete rare the fluid component of the nucleoplasm.

ΚΠ

1892 F. P. Foster Illustr. Encycl. Med. Dict. IV. 2425/1 Nucleochyme.., the more fluid, hyaline substance of a cell-nucleus.

nucleocytoplasm n.

Brit.

/ˌnjuːklɪə(ʊ)ˈsʌɪtə(ʊ)plaz(ə)m/

U.S.

/ˌn(j)uklioʊˈsaɪdəˌplæz(ə)m/

the nucleus and cytoplasm of a cell considered together, esp. to the exclusion of mitochondria and other distinct cytoplasmic organelles.

ΚΠ

1959 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 150 179 All cell constituents are solidifed by..contraction and solidification of the nucleo-cytoplasm after the separation of water which crystallizes out.

1979 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 204 191 Spirochaetes are considered ancestral to the undulipodia but not to the remaining portion of the cells of eukaryotes, such as the nucleocytoplasm or mitochondria.

1997 Molecular Microbiol. 25 633/1 The evolution of archaea probably included at least one major merger between ancestral cells from the bacterial lineage and the lineage leading to the eukaryotic nucleocytoplasm.

nucleocytoplasmic adj.

Brit.

/ˌnjuːklɪə(ʊ)ˌsʌɪtəˈplazmɪk/

U.S.

/ˌn(j)uklioʊˌsaɪdəˈplæzmɪk/

existing or taking place between the nucleus and the cytoplasm; relating the nucleus to the cytoplasm (with respect to some property).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [adjective] > having nucleus > nucleus and cytoplasm

nucleocytoplasmic1905

nucleoplasmic1908

1905 Publ. Carnegie Inst. Washington No. 37. 66 In order that the nucleo-cytoplasmic equilibrium may be maintained, it [sc. the ascus] must be provided with an excess of nuclear material as compared with the other cells of the ascogenous hyphæ and the ascogonium.

1956 Nature 4 Feb. 236/2 The mean nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio was then measured by the method of Chalkley.

1984 L. W. Browder Developmental Biol. (ed. 2) ii. 65 Nucleus and cytoplasm are in dynamic interaction, resulting in an altered physiological state (differentiation) in which new nucleocytoplasmic interactions come into operations.

2. In other contexts: forming nouns and derived adjectives with the sense ‘of nuclei’, esp. ‘of atomic nuclei’, as nucleochronology n., nucleogenesis n., nucleosynthesis n.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nucleo-
释义	nucleo-comb. form Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: nucleus n., -o- connective. Etymology: < nucleus n. + -o- connective.Earliest in mid 19th cent. in the French loan nucleobranch n. Formations in English are found from the late 19th cent., apparently earliest in nucleoplast n. Compare scientific Latin nucleo- (formations in which are found from at least the early 19th cent.), French nucléo- (formations in which are found from at least the early 19th cent.), and German nucleo- (formations in which are found from at least the late 19th cent.). 1. Biology and Biochemistry. Forming nouns and adjectives with the sense ‘of or relating to a cell nucleus’ or ‘of or relating to nucleic acid’. a. † nucleoalbuminous n. and adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1895 Jrnl. Chem. Soc. 68 ii. 52 The active agent in [blood] coagulation is regarded as a nucleo-albuminous substance, named nucleo-histon. † nucleo-hyaloplasm n. and adj. Obsolete ΚΠ 1887 Amer. Naturalist 21 223 Strasburger has modified the theory by his idea that the nucleo-hyaloplasm is primary idioplasm, while the cytohyaloplasm is secondary; the former is conservative, the latter is adaptive. 1892 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Nucleohyaloplasm.., applied by Strasburger to the hyaline ground substance in which chromatin spherules are embedded. † nucleo-idioplasm n. and adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1892 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Nucleo-idioplasm, the part of the nucleus which consists of Idioplasm. † nucleo-phosphoric n. and adj. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 647 By some observers, other substances—gluten, leucin, nucleo-phosphoric acid, guanin—have been found as abnormal bodies. b. nucleoalbumin n. Brit. /ˌnjuːklɪəʊˈalbjᵿmᵻn/ , U.S. /ˌn(j)uklioʊˌælˈbjumən/ [after German Nucleoalbumin (O. Hammarsten 1888, in Zeitschr. f. Physiol. Chem. 12 173)] disused a phosphate-containing protein; (in later use) spec. a phosphoprotein. ΚΠ 1888 Proc. Royal Soc. 44 257 In all these points this proteid resembles in its characters a class of proteids which have been recently named ‘nucleo-albumins’ [Ger. Nucleoalbumin] by Hammarsten. 1896 E. B. Wilson Cell vii. 243 The principal nucleo-albumin (nucleo-proteid) in the nucleus of leucocytes is nucleo-histon. 1901 W. H. Jordan Feeding of Animals v. 66 The best known nucleo-albumin in agriculture is the casein of milk. 1932 A. L. Winton & K. G. B. Winton Struct. & Composition Foods II. 241 Vitellin itself was long thought to be a nucleoalbumin, but..the supposed close relationship to nucleic acid has been disproved. † nucleochylema n. Obsolete rare (Strasburger's name for) the fluid component of the nucleoplasm; cf. enchylema n. ΚΠ 1889 Q. Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. 30 211 To the nuclear sap which fills the spaces in the Nucleohyaloplasm he [sc. Strasburger] gives the name Nucleochylema. † nucleochyme n. Obsolete rare the fluid component of the nucleoplasm. ΚΠ 1892 F. P. Foster Illustr. Encycl. Med. Dict. IV. 2425/1 Nucleochyme.., the more fluid, hyaline substance of a cell-nucleus. nucleocytoplasm n. Brit. /ˌnjuːklɪə(ʊ)ˈsʌɪtə(ʊ)plaz(ə)m/ , U.S. /ˌn(j)uklioʊˈsaɪdəˌplæz(ə)m/ the nucleus and cytoplasm of a cell considered together, esp. to the exclusion of mitochondria and other distinct cytoplasmic organelles. ΚΠ 1959 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 150 179 All cell constituents are solidifed by..contraction and solidification of the nucleo-cytoplasm after the separation of water which crystallizes out. 1979 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 204 191 Spirochaetes are considered ancestral to the undulipodia but not to the remaining portion of the cells of eukaryotes, such as the nucleocytoplasm or mitochondria. 1997 Molecular Microbiol. 25 633/1 The evolution of archaea probably included at least one major merger between ancestral cells from the bacterial lineage and the lineage leading to the eukaryotic nucleocytoplasm. nucleocytoplasmic adj. Brit. /ˌnjuːklɪə(ʊ)ˌsʌɪtəˈplazmɪk/ , U.S. /ˌn(j)uklioʊˌsaɪdəˈplæzmɪk/ existing or taking place between the nucleus and the cytoplasm; relating the nucleus to the cytoplasm (with respect to some property). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [adjective] > having nucleus > nucleus and cytoplasm nucleocytoplasmic1905 nucleoplasmic1908 1905 Publ. Carnegie Inst. Washington No. 37. 66 In order that the nucleo-cytoplasmic equilibrium may be maintained, it [sc. the ascus] must be provided with an excess of nuclear material as compared with the other cells of the ascogenous hyphæ and the ascogonium. 1956 Nature 4 Feb. 236/2 The mean nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio was then measured by the method of Chalkley. 1984 L. W. Browder Developmental Biol. (ed. 2) ii. 65 Nucleus and cytoplasm are in dynamic interaction, resulting in an altered physiological state (differentiation) in which new nucleocytoplasmic interactions come into operations. 2. In other contexts: forming nouns and derived adjectives with the sense ‘of nuclei’, esp. ‘of atomic nuclei’, as nucleochronology n., nucleogenesis n., nucleosynthesis n. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < comb. form1887
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