occidentaladj.n.

Brit.

/ˌɒksᵻˈdɛntl/, U.S.

/ˌɑksəˈdɛn(t)l/

Forms: Middle English occidentale, Middle English– occidental, 1500s–1600s occidentall; also Scottish pre-1700 occidentaill.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French occidental; Latin occidentālis.

Etymology: < Middle French, French occidental (noun) inhabitant of the west (13th cent. in Old French), (adjective) situated in the west (1314 as occidentel ), (of a planet) seen after sunset or in the western part of the sky (1528), belonging to the West (1671), (of a precious stone) inferior in value (1723) and its etymon classical Latin occidentālis western, westerly (2nd cent. a.d.), in post-classical Latin also as noun, native or inhabitant of the west (4th cent.), western region (late 4th or early 5th cent.) < occident- , occidēns Occident n. and adj. + -ālis -al suffix¹.Opposed in all uses to oriental adj. and n., but used much less frequently. With Occidental church (see quots. 1563 at sense A. 2, 1581 at sense A. 2) compare post-classical Latin Occidentalis ecclesia (5th cent. in Augustine).

A. adj.

1. Of, in, or directed towards that part or region of the sky in which the sun sets; of or in the west, western, westerly; (Astronomy and Astrology) (of a planet) seen after sunset or in the western part of the sky. Also figurative. Now rare.In quot. 1611 with allusion to sense A. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > sky, heavens > [adjective] > west

westOE

occidentalc1400

western1593

occasive1802

the world > the universe > heavenly body > [adjective] > visibility

occidentalc1400

orientalc1400

the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > West > [adjective]

westwardeOE

westOE

westerOE

westernOE

occidentalc1400

Occidenta1500

Hesperiana1547

westerly1549

westenc1550

westernly1575

westernlyc1595

setting1612

westwardly1651

ponent1667

westing1669

westlin1720

occasive1802

westland1818

westwards1838

c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Brussels) (1940) i. §5. f. 76 ^v The remnaunt of this lyne fro the forseid centre vnto the bordure is clepid the west lyne or the lyne occidental [v.r. occidentale].

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 48 The feyrd cardinal vynd is callit fauonius or occidental.

1594 T. Blundeville Exercises iii. ii. xx. f. 197^v Their shadowe is..sometime orientall, and sometime occidentall.

1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. Vpon the setting of that bright Occidentall Starre, Queene Elizabeth of most happy memory.

a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) ii. i. 163 Ere twice in murke and occidentall dampe Moist Hesperus hath quench'd her sleepy Lampe.

1647 W. Lilly Christian Astrol. xix. 114 To be Occidentall is to be seen above the Horizon, or to set after the ☉ is downe.

1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 411 On the oriental and occidental halves of the enlightened hemisphere of that planet.

1807 J. Barlow Columbiad i. 29 Which..hail'd thee first in occidental day.

1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles I. iii. 36 A sort of halo, an occidental glow, came over life then.

1991 E. S. Connell Alchymist's Jrnl. (1992) 92 Three superior planets dance about, now stationary, now direct..slow, swift, oriental or occidental, gracefully undulant.

2. Of, situated in, or characteristic of the West, or western countries. Also: of, belonging to, or characteristic of the western U.S.Originally with reference to Western Christendom or the Western Roman Empire, or to Europe as opposed to Asia and the Orient; now usually with reference to Europe and America as opposed to Asia and the Orient, or occasionally to America or the Western hemisphere as opposed to the Old World.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > West > [adjective] > character

westa1398

occidentala1538

western1600

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > North America > [adjective] > U.S.A. > Western States

western1703

occidental1809

out West1848

a1538 A. Abell Roit or Quheill of Tyme f. 28^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Occidental(l This is the difference betwix the Grekis orientaill & the Latynis occidentaill.

1563 T. Becon Reliques of Rome (rev. ed.) f. 141 The Occidentall or weast Churches thorow out all Europe.

1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 243 This constitution..was neuer..receiued in the vniuersall Church, but onelie in this our Occidentall Church.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. vii. 8 Learned men, who wrote about the time of Charlemaines raigne in the Empire Occidentall.

1659 B. Walton Considerator Considered 127 The Oriental and Occidental Jews.

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Corn The Smell is not so disagreeable as that of the occidental Civet.

1771 J. R. Forster Catal. Plants N. Amer. in tr. J. B. Bossu Trav. Louisiana II. 59 Plane-tree, occidental.

1809 E. A. Kendall Trav. Northern Parts U.S. II. 28 Among the natural forest-trees, are the button-wood or occidental plane, the spruce-fir and the locust-tree.

1846 Knickerbocker 27 471 ‘I.L. of this vicinity’, writes an occidental correspondent, ‘had carried the knife for a long time.’

1863 J. D. Dana Man. Geol. 584 Both the oriental and occidental Continents.

1910 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 483/1 The latter is sometimes not true Oriental turquoise, but the material called ‘boue-turquoise’ or odontolite, and known also as ‘occidental turquoise’.

1933 E. C. Jaeger Calif. Deserts v. 57 The occidental harvester (P[ogonomyrmex] occidentalis) is a large, reddish ant building conspicuous mounds of pebbles.

1965 J. Needham Sci. & Civilisation in China IV. ii. 199 Chinese agricultural books generally depict the use of the flail rather than the threshing-sledge of occidental antiquity.

1989 P. Lowe Origins of Korean War (BNC) I Russia blundered into a conflict [sc. the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–5] that was to have..serious consequences for the future of the Tsarist state and for an Asian challenge to occidental dominance.

1997 E. Hand Glimmering ii. xii. 259 A distinctly occidental face—whatever it possessed of Eastern mystery had been drawn there with makeup and computer theurgy.

3. Of a precious stone: inferior in value and brilliance. Cf. oriental adj. 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > [adjective] > quality

noblea1393

femalea1398

malea1398

orientc1400

fine-cut1598

of the old (also new) rock1598

watered1624

occidental1747

semi-precious1905

1747 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 44 505 These are commonly called by Jewellers Occidental Stones: They are mostly the Produce of Europe..and are so named, in Opposition to those of a higher Class, which are always accounted Oriental.

1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 254 Occidental Topaz..Exposed to a moderate heat..is said to become red, and then becomes ruby of Brazil.

1860 C. W. King Antique Gems (1866) i. 43 These occidental stones are of a deep, rich hue, but have very little brilliancy.

1989 Encycl. Brit. II. 960/3 Although it comes from the East, it is often called occidental cat's-eye to differentiate it from the more valuable oriental (chrysoberyl) cat's-eye.

B. n.

a. A native or inhabitant of the West.In quot. a1538 with reference to the clergy of the Latin Church.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of specific region > [noun] > western person

occidentala1538

Hesperian1601

western1612

westernling1613

westerling1630

westlandera1676

westerner1857

a1538 A. Abell Roit or Quheill of Tyme f. 28^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Occidental(l The occidentales [as opposed to the clergy of the Greek church] ar nocht promowit [to holy orders] without promis of chastite.

1857 W. M. Thomson Land & Bk. ix. 115 That comparative inactivity which distinguishes Orientals from Occidentals.

1875 J. R. Lowell Spenser Pr., in Wks. (1890) IV. 282 For us Occidentals he has a kindly prophetic word.

1921 Blackwood's Mag. July 28/1 The Toda puzzles and interests the Occidental because the Toda's origin is undiscoverable.

1990 D. Ackerman Nat. Hist. Senses i. 22 Asiatics don't have as many apocrine glands at the base of hair follicles as occidentals do, and as a result they often find Europeans ripe-smelling.

†b. A western country or region. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > West > [noun] > part or place

westdealeOE

west endeOE

west halfeOE

westwardeOE

westdalec1175

westc1275

west sidec1300

westwardc1350

Occidentc1375

occientc1450

westwards?1574

west half1577

occidental1587

Western world1894

1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) i. x. 39/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I The Iles that lie about the north coast of..Scotland..are either occidentals, the west Iles, [etc.].

2. An artificial language, based chiefly on the Romance languages, invented by E. J. de Wahl (1867–1948), in 1922. Cf. Reform-Neutral n. at reform n.² and adj. Compounds 2. Now historical.After the Second World War (1939–45) Occidental was renamed Interlingue. Cf. also Interlingua n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > a language > [noun] > artificial or invented language

artificial language1705

natural language1774

Ziph1834

Volapük1885

Esperanto1892

pig Latin1896

pseudo-language1898

Idiom Neutral1903

auxiliary language1905

Panroman1907

universal1907

Ido1908

Mummerset1915

Interlingua1922

Reformed Neutral1922

occidental1926

interlanguage1927

world auxiliary1927

Novial1928

isotype1936

Interglossa1943

Klingon1985

leetspeak1996

leet2001

1926 Encycl. Brit. III. 906/2 Mr. E. de Wahl..finally produced Occidental, ‘comprehensible at first sight to 10,000,000 educated Europeans without preliminary study’.

1934 S. Robertson Devel. Mod. Eng. (1936) iv. 89 Jespersen now feels that there are enough points of similarity among the leading projects looking toward an international language—including Esperanto,..Occidental, and his own creation, Novial—to justify the hope that a single adequate International Auxiliary Language will some day emerge.

1949 M. Pei Story of Lang. (1952) vi. iii. 441 The twentieth century has continued the tradition [of creating artificial languages], with..Occidental.., Monding, and a host of others.

1980 Logophile 3 ii. 5 A brief history of constructed languages..1922. Edgar de Wahl. Occidental.

Derivatives

occiˈdentalness n. rare

ΚΠ

1760 W. Pardon Dyche's New Gen. Eng. Dict. (ed. 11) Occidentalness, the situation of any thing in or towards the west.

1994 Re: Kristi, you shoulda been White! in tgevax.life.uiuc.edu (Usenet newsgroup) 27 Feb. The argument of Nancy's cute occidentalness cannot be the only reason because you said you can name a million others who haven't won.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	occidental
释义	occidentaladj.n. Brit. /ˌɒksᵻˈdɛntl/, U.S. /ˌɑksəˈdɛn(t)l/ Forms: Middle English occidentale, Middle English– occidental, 1500s–1600s occidentall; also Scottish pre-1700 occidentaill. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French occidental; Latin occidentālis. Etymology: < Middle French, French occidental (noun) inhabitant of the west (13th cent. in Old French), (adjective) situated in the west (1314 as occidentel ), (of a planet) seen after sunset or in the western part of the sky (1528), belonging to the West (1671), (of a precious stone) inferior in value (1723) and its etymon classical Latin occidentālis western, westerly (2nd cent. a.d.), in post-classical Latin also as noun, native or inhabitant of the west (4th cent.), western region (late 4th or early 5th cent.) < occident- , occidēns Occident n. and adj. + -ālis -al suffix¹.Opposed in all uses to oriental adj. and n., but used much less frequently. With Occidental church (see quots. 1563 at sense A. 2, 1581 at sense A. 2) compare post-classical Latin Occidentalis ecclesia (5th cent. in Augustine). A. adj. 1. Of, in, or directed towards that part or region of the sky in which the sun sets; of or in the west, western, westerly; (Astronomy and Astrology) (of a planet) seen after sunset or in the western part of the sky. Also figurative. Now rare.In quot. 1611 with allusion to sense A. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > sky, heavens > [adjective] > west westOE occidentalc1400 western1593 occasive1802 the world > the universe > heavenly body > [adjective] > visibility occidentalc1400 orientalc1400 the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > West > [adjective] westwardeOE westOE westerOE westernOE occidentalc1400 Occidenta1500 Hesperiana1547 westerly1549 westenc1550 westernly1575 westernlyc1595 setting1612 westwardly1651 ponent1667 westing1669 westlin1720 occasive1802 westland1818 westwards1838 c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Brussels) (1940) i. §5. f. 76 ^v The remnaunt of this lyne fro the forseid centre vnto the bordure is clepid the west lyne or the lyne occidental [v.r. occidentale]. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vi. 48 The feyrd cardinal vynd is callit fauonius or occidental. 1594 T. Blundeville Exercises iii. ii. xx. f. 197^v Their shadowe is..sometime orientall, and sometime occidentall. 1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. Vpon the setting of that bright Occidentall Starre, Queene Elizabeth of most happy memory. a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) ii. i. 163 Ere twice in murke and occidentall dampe Moist Hesperus hath quench'd her sleepy Lampe. View more context for this quotation 1647 W. Lilly Christian Astrol. xix. 114 To be Occidentall is to be seen above the Horizon, or to set after the ☉ is downe. 1794 R. J. Sulivan View of Nature II. 411 On the oriental and occidental halves of the enlightened hemisphere of that planet. 1807 J. Barlow Columbiad i. 29 Which..hail'd thee first in occidental day. 1891 T. Hardy Tess of the D'Urbervilles I. iii. 36 A sort of halo, an occidental glow, came over life then. 1991 E. S. Connell Alchymist's Jrnl. (1992) 92 Three superior planets dance about, now stationary, now direct..slow, swift, oriental or occidental, gracefully undulant. 2. Of, situated in, or characteristic of the West, or western countries. Also: of, belonging to, or characteristic of the western U.S.Originally with reference to Western Christendom or the Western Roman Empire, or to Europe as opposed to Asia and the Orient; now usually with reference to Europe and America as opposed to Asia and the Orient, or occasionally to America or the Western hemisphere as opposed to the Old World. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > West > [adjective] > character westa1398 occidentala1538 western1600 the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > North America > [adjective] > U.S.A. > Western States western1703 occidental1809 out West1848 a1538 A. Abell Roit or Quheill of Tyme f. 28^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Occidental(l This is the difference betwix the Grekis orientaill & the Latynis occidentaill. 1563 T. Becon Reliques of Rome (rev. ed.) f. 141 The Occidentall or weast Churches thorow out all Europe. 1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 243 This constitution..was neuer..receiued in the vniuersall Church, but onelie in this our Occidentall Church. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. vii. 8 Learned men, who wrote about the time of Charlemaines raigne in the Empire Occidentall. 1659 B. Walton Considerator Considered 127 The Oriental and Occidental Jews. 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Corn The Smell is not so disagreeable as that of the occidental Civet. 1771 J. R. Forster Catal. Plants N. Amer. in tr. J. B. Bossu Trav. Louisiana II. 59 Plane-tree, occidental. 1809 E. A. Kendall Trav. Northern Parts U.S. II. 28 Among the natural forest-trees, are the button-wood or occidental plane, the spruce-fir and the locust-tree. 1846 Knickerbocker 27 471 ‘I.L. of this vicinity’, writes an occidental correspondent, ‘had carried the knife for a long time.’ 1863 J. D. Dana Man. Geol. 584 Both the oriental and occidental Continents. 1910 Encycl. Brit. XXVII. 483/1 The latter is sometimes not true Oriental turquoise, but the material called ‘boue-turquoise’ or odontolite, and known also as ‘occidental turquoise’. 1933 E. C. Jaeger Calif. Deserts v. 57 The occidental harvester (P[ogonomyrmex] occidentalis) is a large, reddish ant building conspicuous mounds of pebbles. 1965 J. Needham Sci. & Civilisation in China IV. ii. 199 Chinese agricultural books generally depict the use of the flail rather than the threshing-sledge of occidental antiquity. 1989 P. Lowe Origins of Korean War (BNC) I Russia blundered into a conflict [sc. the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–5] that was to have..serious consequences for the future of the Tsarist state and for an Asian challenge to occidental dominance. 1997 E. Hand Glimmering ii. xii. 259 A distinctly occidental face—whatever it possessed of Eastern mystery had been drawn there with makeup and computer theurgy. 3. Of a precious stone: inferior in value and brilliance. Cf. oriental adj. 4. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > [adjective] > quality noblea1393 femalea1398 malea1398 orientc1400 fine-cut1598 of the old (also new) rock1598 watered1624 occidental1747 semi-precious1905 1747 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 44 505 These are commonly called by Jewellers Occidental Stones: They are mostly the Produce of Europe..and are so named, in Opposition to those of a higher Class, which are always accounted Oriental. 1794 R. Kirwan Elements Mineral. (ed. 2) I. 254 Occidental Topaz..Exposed to a moderate heat..is said to become red, and then becomes ruby of Brazil. 1860 C. W. King Antique Gems (1866) i. 43 These occidental stones are of a deep, rich hue, but have very little brilliancy. 1989 Encycl. Brit. II. 960/3 Although it comes from the East, it is often called occidental cat's-eye to differentiate it from the more valuable oriental (chrysoberyl) cat's-eye. B. n. 1. a. A native or inhabitant of the West.In quot. a1538 with reference to the clergy of the Latin Church. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of specific region > [noun] > western person occidentala1538 Hesperian1601 western1612 westernling1613 westerling1630 westlandera1676 westerner1857 a1538 A. Abell Roit or Quheill of Tyme f. 28^v, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Occidental(l The occidentales [as opposed to the clergy of the Greek church] ar nocht promowit [to holy orders] without promis of chastite. 1857 W. M. Thomson Land & Bk. ix. 115 That comparative inactivity which distinguishes Orientals from Occidentals. 1875 J. R. Lowell Spenser Pr., in Wks. (1890) IV. 282 For us Occidentals he has a kindly prophetic word. 1921 Blackwood's Mag. July 28/1 The Toda puzzles and interests the Occidental because the Toda's origin is undiscoverable. 1990 D. Ackerman Nat. Hist. Senses i. 22 Asiatics don't have as many apocrine glands at the base of hair follicles as occidentals do, and as a result they often find Europeans ripe-smelling. †b. A western country or region. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > West > [noun] > part or place westdealeOE west endeOE west halfeOE westwardeOE westdalec1175 westc1275 west sidec1300 westwardc1350 Occidentc1375 occientc1450 westwards?1574 west half1577 occidental1587 Western world1894 1587 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Iland Brit. (new ed.) i. x. 39/1 in Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) I The Iles that lie about the north coast of..Scotland..are either occidentals, the west Iles, [etc.]. 2. An artificial language, based chiefly on the Romance languages, invented by E. J. de Wahl (1867–1948), in 1922. Cf. Reform-Neutral n. at reform n.² and adj. Compounds 2. Now historical.After the Second World War (1939–45) Occidental was renamed Interlingue. Cf. also Interlingua n. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > a language > [noun] > artificial or invented language artificial language1705 natural language1774 Ziph1834 Volapük1885 Esperanto1892 pig Latin1896 pseudo-language1898 Idiom Neutral1903 auxiliary language1905 Panroman1907 universal1907 Ido1908 Mummerset1915 Interlingua1922 Reformed Neutral1922 occidental1926 interlanguage1927 world auxiliary1927 Novial1928 isotype1936 Interglossa1943 Klingon1985 leetspeak1996 leet2001 1926 Encycl. Brit. III. 906/2 Mr. E. de Wahl..finally produced Occidental, ‘comprehensible at first sight to 10,000,000 educated Europeans without preliminary study’. 1934 S. Robertson Devel. Mod. Eng. (1936) iv. 89 Jespersen now feels that there are enough points of similarity among the leading projects looking toward an international language—including Esperanto,..Occidental, and his own creation, Novial—to justify the hope that a single adequate International Auxiliary Language will some day emerge. 1949 M. Pei Story of Lang. (1952) vi. iii. 441 The twentieth century has continued the tradition [of creating artificial languages], with..Occidental.., Monding, and a host of others. 1980 Logophile 3 ii. 5 A brief history of constructed languages..1922. Edgar de Wahl. Occidental. Derivatives occiˈdentalness n. rare ΚΠ 1760 W. Pardon Dyche's New Gen. Eng. Dict. (ed. 11) Occidentalness, the situation of any thing in or towards the west. 1994 Re: Kristi, you shoulda been White! in tgevax.life.uiuc.edu (Usenet newsgroup) 27 Feb. The argument of Nancy's cute occidentalness cannot be the only reason because you said you can name a million others who haven't won. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2004; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.c1400
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