† notwithstandconj.prep.adv.

Forms: see not adv. and withstand v.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; probably partly modelled on a Latin lexical item, and partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: not adv., withstand v.

Etymology: Irregularly < not adv. + withstand v., probably after post-classical Latin non obstante, Anglo-Norman and Middle French non obstant (see notwithstanding prep., conj., adv., and n.). Compare noughtwithstanding prep., adv., and conj., notwithstanding prep., conj., adv., and n., and also nought-againstanding prep. and adv., not-againstanding prep., not gainstanding at gainstand v. b, nongainstanding prep.

Obsolete.

A. conj.

= notwithstanding conj.

ΚΠ

c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 6 (MED) Non of us haue herd þat euyr þer was ony strif be-twix ȝou too, not-withstand þat he is an irous man.

c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 109 (MED) Not-withstand þei went in þe hoot somer..þese men went and cam heyl and sound.

a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 7 (MED) I coude non fynde, notwithstand þat I soute with grete diligens.

1677 Smithfield Jockey 5 As for his Lodging, he could not desire better then to litter with a parcel of Four-legged Bedfellows, whom he loved so dearly well, notwithstand he had stolen one of their species.

1790 T. Underwood Let. 18 Jan. in John Norton & Sons (1968) 489 Notwithstand I think the British Debts are not recoverable..yet I am disposed to make paymt. of any such property as I can possible spare.

B. prep.

= notwithstanding prep. 1.

ΚΠ

c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 95 (MED) Thus was our Gilbert cleped to apper in-to þe ferþest parties of þis londe..not-withstand his grete age and febilnesse.

1616 T. Coryate Traveller for Eng. Wits 50 Notwithstand all these lines for prouision for your Funerall, I hope for to see you aliue and sound in body & minde, about foure yeares hence.

1702 T. Lucas Let. 6 May in T. Brockbank Diary & Let. Bk. (1930) 226 But he said y^t not w^th stand all those Endeavours he had mett w^th very bitter Enemies.

1818 J. Keats et al. Let. 24 Oct. (1958) I. 403 Notwithstand your happiness..I hope I shall never marry.

C. adv.

1. = notwithstanding adv.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > qualification > [adverb] > however, nevertheless, notwithstanding

though-whetherc897

nathelesseOE

though971

whetherOE

yetOE

neverlOE

what for-thyc1175

nethelessa1200

never the latterc1225

algatec1230

in spite of (despite, maugre, etc.) one's teethc1230

nought for thatc1275

(all) for noughtc1325

(in) spite of one's nosec1325

alway1340

thoughless1340

ne'er the later (also latter)a1382

ne'er the lessa1382

neverlatera1382

neverthelessa1382

ne for-thia1400

neverlessa1400

not-againstandinga1400

nauthelessc1400

nouthelessc1400

algatesc1405

noughtwithstanding1422

netherless?a1425

notwithstanding1425

nethertheless1440

not gainstandingc1440

not the lessa1450

alwaysa1470

howbeit1470

never þe quedera1475

nought the lessc1480

what reck?a1513

nonetheless1533

howsomever1562

after all1590

in spite of spite1592

meantime1594

notwithstand1596

withal1596

in the meanwhile1597

meanwhile1597

howsoever1601

in (one's) spite?1615

however1623

in the meantime1631

non obstante1641

at the same time1679

with a non-obstante to1679

stilla1699

the same1782

all the same1803

quand même1825

still and all1829

anyhow1867

anyway1876

still and ona1894

all the samey1897

just the same1901

but1939

1596 W. Raleigh Discoverie Guiana (new ed.) Ep. Ded. 3 It appeareth notwithstand that I made no other brauado of going to sea.

2. = notwithstanding prep. 2.

ΚΠ

1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 60 Proces sall proceid against him, notwithstand of his minoritie.

1660 in L. B. Taylor Aberdeen Council Lett. (1954) IV. 56 That notwithstan of any heid of our instructiounes you doe not judge yourselff [etc.].

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	notwithstand
释义	† notwithstandconj.prep.adv. Forms: see not adv. and withstand v. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; probably partly modelled on a Latin lexical item, and partly modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: not adv., withstand v. Etymology: Irregularly < not adv. + withstand v., probably after post-classical Latin non obstante, Anglo-Norman and Middle French non obstant (see notwithstanding prep., conj., adv., and n.). Compare noughtwithstanding prep., adv., and conj., notwithstanding prep., conj., adv., and n., and also nought-againstanding prep. and adv., not-againstanding prep., not gainstanding at gainstand v. b, nongainstanding prep. Obsolete. A. conj. = notwithstanding conj. ΚΠ c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 6 (MED) Non of us haue herd þat euyr þer was ony strif be-twix ȝou too, not-withstand þat he is an irous man. c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 109 (MED) Not-withstand þei went in þe hoot somer..þese men went and cam heyl and sound. a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 7 (MED) I coude non fynde, notwithstand þat I soute with grete diligens. 1677 Smithfield Jockey 5 As for his Lodging, he could not desire better then to litter with a parcel of Four-legged Bedfellows, whom he loved so dearly well, notwithstand he had stolen one of their species. 1790 T. Underwood Let. 18 Jan. in John Norton & Sons (1968) 489 Notwithstand I think the British Debts are not recoverable..yet I am disposed to make paymt. of any such property as I can possible spare. B. prep. = notwithstanding prep. 1. ΚΠ c1451 J. Capgrave Life St. Gilbert (1910) 95 (MED) Thus was our Gilbert cleped to apper in-to þe ferþest parties of þis londe..not-withstand his grete age and febilnesse. 1616 T. Coryate Traveller for Eng. Wits 50 Notwithstand all these lines for prouision for your Funerall, I hope for to see you aliue and sound in body & minde, about foure yeares hence. 1702 T. Lucas Let. 6 May in T. Brockbank Diary & Let. Bk. (1930) 226 But he said y^t not w^th stand all those Endeavours he had mett w^th very bitter Enemies. 1818 J. Keats et al. Let. 24 Oct. (1958) I. 403 Notwithstand your happiness..I hope I shall never marry. C. adv. 1. = notwithstanding adv. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > attestation, witness, evidence > qualification > [adverb] > however, nevertheless, notwithstanding though-whetherc897 nathelesseOE though971 whetherOE yetOE neverlOE what for-thyc1175 nethelessa1200 never the latterc1225 algatec1230 in spite of (despite, maugre, etc.) one's teethc1230 nought for thatc1275 (all) for noughtc1325 (in) spite of one's nosec1325 alway1340 thoughless1340 ne'er the later (also latter)a1382 ne'er the lessa1382 neverlatera1382 neverthelessa1382 ne for-thia1400 neverlessa1400 not-againstandinga1400 nauthelessc1400 nouthelessc1400 algatesc1405 noughtwithstanding1422 netherless?a1425 notwithstanding1425 nethertheless1440 not gainstandingc1440 not the lessa1450 alwaysa1470 howbeit1470 never þe quedera1475 nought the lessc1480 what reck?a1513 nonetheless1533 howsomever1562 after all1590 in spite of spite1592 meantime1594 notwithstand1596 withal1596 in the meanwhile1597 meanwhile1597 howsoever1601 in (one's) spite?1615 however1623 in the meantime1631 non obstante1641 at the same time1679 with a non-obstante to1679 stilla1699 the same1782 all the same1803 quand même1825 still and all1829 anyhow1867 anyway1876 still and ona1894 all the samey1897 just the same1901 but1939 1596 W. Raleigh Discoverie Guiana (new ed.) Ep. Ded. 3 It appeareth notwithstand that I made no other brauado of going to sea. 2. = notwithstanding prep. 2. ΚΠ 1609 J. Skene tr. Regiam Majestatem 60 Proces sall proceid against him, notwithstand of his minoritie. 1660 in L. B. Taylor Aberdeen Council Lett. (1954) IV. 56 That notwithstan of any heid of our instructiounes you doe not judge yourselff [etc.]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < conj.prep.adv.c1450
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