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单词 notorious
释义

notoriousadj.1adv.

Brit. /nə(ʊ)ˈtɔːrɪəs/, U.S. /nəˈtɔriəs/, /noʊˈtɔriəs/
Forms: late Middle English–1500s notoryous, 1500s notoriouse, 1500s notoriowse, 1500s notoryouse, 1500s notourious, 1500s–1600s notorius, 1500s– notorious, 1700s noetouryous; Scottish pre-1700 nortorous, pre-1700 notarious, pre-1700 notoriowse, pre-1700 notorius, pre-1700 notorreous, pre-1700 1700s– notorious.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin notorius.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin notorius well-known (from 12th cent. in British sources), famous (13th cent. in a British source), infamous (from 12th cent. in British sources) < classical Latin nōtus known (see notify v.) + -ōrius -ory suffix2; compare classical Latin nōtōria (feminine) a written statement notifying the authorities of a crime (2nd cent. a.d., perhaps short for epistola nōtōria ) + -ous suffix; compare -orious suffix. Compare Anglo-Norman notoire , notoir , notore , notorie and Middle French, French notoire (see notory adj.1), Portuguese notório (13th cent. as notorjo ), Italian notorio (c1305), Spanish notorio (1325 or earlier), Catalan notori (14th cent.). Compare earlier notary adj.1, notoire adj., notory adj.1, notour adj.
A. adj.1
I. With neutral or favourable connotations.
1.
a. Of a fact: well known; commonly or generally known; forming a matter of common knowledge. Cf sense A. 5a.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > publishing or spreading abroad > [adjective] > published or spread abroad > publicly known
kida1250
notoriousc1495
c1495 [implied in: c1495 in A. Conway Henry VII's Relations with Scotl. & Irel. (1932) 217 Many greate and horrible tresons, Rebellyons conceylement[es] and conspirac[es] by him don & com[m]ytted contrary to his faith and allegeance be notoryously and openly knowne by due examynacon. (at notoriously adv. 1a)].
1534 Ld. Lisle Let. 18 Nov. in Lisle Papers (P.R.O.: SP 1/87) f. 40 Richard Hunt alledget him to be an ols servaunt of the kinges... What servis he hathe don is notorious..His..doinges ar right well her knowen for naught and delectable bothe to god and man.
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. xi. f. 165 His courage was such, and his factes so notorious.
a1586 Sir P. Sidney tr. Psalmes David (1823) xx. iii Lett him [sc. God] notorious make, That in good part he did thy offrings take.
1621 R. Montagu Diatribæ Hist. Tithes 567 Why were not other Examples brought into practice, as notorious as that of Abraham paying Tithes?
1686 W. Clagett Seventeen Serm. (1699) App. 15 These testimonies were too notorious and publick to be gainsaid.
1705 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels II. 407 That Every one is bound..to..keep within his own Property..is too notorious to need a Proof.
1758 S. Johnson Idler 17 June 81 Men..who deny the most notorious facts.
1781 R. B. Sheridan Critic i. i My power with the managers is pretty notorious.
1808 M. Wilmot Jrnl. 6 Mar. in M. Wilmot & C. Wilmot Russ. Jrnls. (1934) iii. 331 His Courtesy & Courum are it seems notorious, & indeed as visiting qualitys never were any more agreeable.
1856 J. A. Froude Hist. Eng. (1858) I. iii. 241 The House of Commons had stated their complaints in the form of special notorious facts.
1891 ‘Q’ Noughts & Crosses 254 Unless bees were told of all that was happening in the house-hold to which they belonged, they might consider themselves neglected, and leave the place in wrath. She asserted this to be a notorious fact.
1937 Dict. National Biogr. 1922–30 922/1 Some of the affection for her [sc. Marie Lloyd] was due to her notorious generosity.
1971 N.Y. Rev. Bks. in Webster's Dict. Eng. Usage (1989) 669/1 They fill a notorious gap in the literature on ancient Rome.
1992 Economist (Nexis) 18 July 80 The Italian government's announcement that it plans to reduce the notorious generosity of its state pensions will encourage other governments to emulate it.
b. Of a person, place, etc.: well or widely known; famous; (in later use) esp. noted for a particular quality or feature. Cf. sense A. 5b.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > state of being well-known > [adjective]
namecouthOE
ykida1100
kida1250
rifea1325
notory1399
notaryc1400
well-known?a1425
notified1530
well acquainteda1535
célèbre1539
notorious1555
famosea1632
public1650
legendary1832
big1954
visible1977
1555 R. Eden Other notable Thynges touchynge Indies in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 319 A famous and notorious place amonge the Indians.
1588 ‘M. Marprelate’ Epistle (1843) 40 Manie of you..are men verie notorious for their learning and preaching.
1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. To Rdr. sig. 5 I purposed to mention any but such [towns and castles] as were most notorious.
1614 S. Purchas Pilgrimage (ed. 2) 44 Of Cham is the name Chemmis in Ægypt; and Ammon the Idoll and Oracle so notorious.
1778 S. Foote Cozeners i. i. 26 Mrs. Fl. Then the Doctor sings, I Presume. Mrs. Sim. Not a better pipe at the playhouse; He has long been notorious for that.
1865 G. Grote Plato I. 136 Where was the person to be found, notorious and accessible, who could say [etc.].
1927 R. Hoffmann Birds Pacific States in Webster's Dict. Eng. Usage (1989) 669/2 The flight of the Loon is very swift and direct; it is notorious for its ability to dive instantly.
1955 S. H. Adams Grandfather Stories 119 He is..notorious through all the docks of Erie, from Albany to Buffalo, for his probity and his sportsmanship.
1992 Daily Mirror (BNC) I trained as often and as hard as I could, as hard as anybody on the staff—and that includes my old pal Bryan Robson, who was notorious for his unflagging effort.
2. That may be generally or openly known; publicly knowable. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > knowledge, what is known > familiarity > [adjective] > generally known
commona1387
notorious1531
vulgar1548
current1563
going1909
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. vii. sig. av What hope is there to haue fidelitie well kept amonge vs in promises and bargaynes, whan for the breache therof is prouided no punisshement, nor yet notorious rebuke.
1587 D. Fenner Def. Godlie Ministers sig. Riii Their liues are not put to notorious and publike examination.
1622 F. Bacon Hist. Raigne Henry VII (1876) (modernized text) 28 That Edward Plantagenet..should be, in the most public and notorious manner,..shewed unto the people.
1670 A. Marvell Let. 10 Mar. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 101 Either by confession of the party or oath of witnesses or by notorious euidence.
1715 London Gaz. No. 5455/1 The Clerks of the Peace are to keep Parchment Books or Rolls at some notorious Place.
1724 London Gaz. No. 6257/3 All..Sheriffs..are..required to keep Parchment Books..at some notorious Place in the County.
1818 H. Hallam View Europe Middle Ages I. ii. 205 This formality was by degrees..deemed essential to render them authentic and notorious.
1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. iii. v. 647 The Privy Council, whom the law recognized as the sworn and notorious Councillors of the Crown.
3. Conspicuous; obvious, evident. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > manifestation > manifestness > [adjective]
sutelc897
openeOE
ebera975
graithc1325
broadc1374
plainc1375
clearc1380
grossc1380
manifest1385
notoire1409
patent1508
sensible?1531
discovered1537
plain as a pikestaff (also packstaff, pad-staff)1542
palpable1545
demonstrative1552
plain as the nose on (in) one's face1560
illustrate1562
appearing1566
notorious1581
obvious1583
unshadowed1593
transparent1597
liquid1610
visible1614
pellucid1644
illustrious1654
apertive1661
conspectable1727
suggestive1806
1581 J. Bell tr. W. Haddon & J. Foxe Against Jerome Osorius 384b He would have been a notorious Goliath over these little moathes, and shrimple shrimpes.
1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 66 The elder sort..are..very notorious and goodly to see to, in regard of their grauity, hoarenes and aunciency.
1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 270 If it did represent any notorious and manifest colour, they would..take heede of such traps aforehand.
1609 Bible (Douay) I. Lev. xxvi. 1 Neither shal you erect titles, nor set a notorious stone in your land, for to adore it.
a1677 I. Barrow Wks. (1683) II. 23 That God hath an especial regard to men will thence also become notorious.
1692 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 2) ii. 18 The failing in any one of these would cause Irregularity in the Body..such as would be very notorious.
1770 Amherst Rec. (1884) 49/2 To Chose a Comittee to Visit the boundaries of the town and renew such as are Destroyed and make them Notorious.
II. With depreciative or unfavourable connotations.In some cases it is not possible to ascertain the writer's intent. Some milder quotations may belong at sense A. I.
4. attributive.
a. Of a criminal, sinner, etc.: noted or well known in that capacity; infamous.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > infamy or notoriety > [adjective]
infamousc1380
unfamousc1380
famousa1425
infamed1520
skirec1540
notorious1549
infame1555
stigmatical1591
unsilent1597
exemplifieda1637
flagrant1706
flagitious1741
dreaded1810
1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Firste Daie of Lente f. xxxi* Suche persones as were notorious synners.
1574 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1878) 1st Ser. II. 395 Declarit tratouris and notorius rebellis.
1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. i. x. §3. 191 Ninus was the first notorious sacrificer to Idols.
1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant ii. 23 These Arabs are notorious Robbers.
1707 Boston News-let. 10 Feb. 2/1 They came to a wigwam, wherein were two Indian Men of the Eastern Rebels, viz. one called Capt. Sam, the other Alexander, both notorious rogues.
1755 E. Young Centaur ii, in Wks. (1757) IV. 151 This will excuse my indignation at two notorious offenders.
1785 E. Burke Wks. IV. 312 Sending that notorious incendiary to the Court of the nabob of Arcot.
1846 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 II. x. 434 His subjects, many of whom were notorious robbers.
1884 D. Pae Eustace xix I know where some of the most notorious smugglers reside.
1920 S. McKenna Lady Lilith ii. 45 Nobody thought the worse of us, if we appeared at the theatre with a notorious cocotte.
1988 A. Lurie Truth about Lorin Jones iii. 52 You are a notorious gossip.
b. Of a reprehensible action, fact, etc.: noted or well known for its egregiousness; flagrant.
ΚΠ
1562 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 11 Preseruing..thy bewtifull body and saule fra al spot of notorius cryme.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iv. i. 84 I shall haue Law in Ephesus, To your notorious shame, I doubt it not. View more context for this quotation
a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1962) X. 94 To proceed in these pious works, which, with so notorious falshood they deny.
1673 W. Cave Primitive Christianity iii. v. 359 Striking them dead upon the place for their notorious couzenage and gross hypocrisie.
1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 98 He was Charg'd upon Oath, with having been a Party in a notorious Robbery, Burglary, and Murther.
1729 W. Law Serious Call ii. 17 Do but now find the reason why the generality of men live in this notorious vice.
1807 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 17 341 His mean subterfuge renders him more contemptible than his notorious untruth.
1824 J. Hogg Private Mem. Justified Sinner 151 He discovered some notorious lies that I had framed.
1990 J. S. Downward in A. Parfrey Apocalypse Culture (rev. ed.) 324 Consider the notorious abduction and murder of Captain William Morgan.
5. Well known on account of something which is not generally approved of or admired; unfavourably known; noted for some bad practice, quality, etc.
a. Of an action, fact, etc.
ΚΠ
1579 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 61 Dislikinge, murmuring,..quippinge notorious or auricular iybinge.
1590 J. Smythe Certain Disc. Weapons Ded. 12 b To bring to passe..such notorious and deformed effectes amongst the English Nation.
1653 Ld. Vaux tr. A. Godeau Life St. Paul 45 The Emperor Tiberius succeeded Augustus, and made his Reign notorious by all..cruelties.
a1721 J. Sheffield Wks. (1753) I. 244 Should our mistakes be never so notorious, You'll have the joy of being more censorious.
?1747 Life & Char. Moll King 13 It is notorious enough that we daily see highwaymen, house-breakers, pickpockets, [etc.].
1794 W. Paley Evidences (1825) II. 116 These books were perfectly notorious.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vii. 262 It was notorious that loyal and able men had been turned out of office in England merely for being Protestants.
1877 J. A. Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. i. v. 54 The influences by which the papal court was determined were already too grossly notorious.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 427/1 Her life was notorious for intrigue and Perfidy.
1988 Oxf. Art Jrnl. 11 76 The notorious Moscow Show Trials had effectively been staged to eliminate old Bolsheviks.
b. Of a person, place, etc.
ΚΠ
1591 R. W. Martine Mar-Sixtus sig. A4 Thus affecting to bee famous, they became notorious.
1603 M. Drayton Barrons Wars v. xxvii. 107 Such haue th' in store to their damnation bent, In villainie notorious for their skill.
1616 B. Jonson Epicœne iv. ii, in Wks. I. 570 You notorious stinkardly beareward. View more context for this quotation
1693 W. Congreve tr. Juvenal in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires xi. 219 Rutilus, is so Notorious grown, That he's the common Theme of all the Town.
1719 Free-thinker No. 87. 2 A Fifth may be notorious for some scandalous Practice, or vicious Habits.
1792 M. Wollstonecraft Vindic. Rights Woman viii. 301 A woman of quality, notorious for her gallantries, though as she still lived with her husband, nobody chose to place her in the class where she ought to have been placed.
1837 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece IV. xxxii. 270 Socrates..became one of the most conspicuous and notorious persons in Athens.
1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. 51 Melville Bay—; notorious in the annals of the whalers for its many disasters.
1880 W. Day Racehorse in Training xvi. 156 The celebrated, or as some may be inclined to call her, the notorious, Lady Elizabeth.
1915 W. S. Maugham Of Human Bondage xlvii. 235 She had belonged to a profession whose most notorious member for our generation was Mrs. Warren.
1962 C. J. Taylor Trop. Forestry in Webster's Dict. Eng. Usage (1989) 669/1 Some weeds have become notorious in tropical forestry.
1996 J. Brown Hong Kong & Macau: Rough Guide (ed. 3) 269 Hong Kong is notorious for its plethora of hostess clubs.
6. Discreditable or disgraceful to a person. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > [adjective]
undignec1315
unhonestc1450
reproachable1477
unhonourable1540
discredible1575
discreditable1577
defacing1583
reprobate1589
reproachful1591
scandalous1592
uncreditable1649
notorious1666
unworthy1693
discrediting1699
increditable1703
disreputable1773
compromising1883
1666 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 96 Wheras it [sc. the pox] was notorious formerly to those that had it, it is now soe common..that they glory of it.
B. adv.
= notoriously adv. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > infamy or notoriety > [adverb]
famously1553
notoriously1570
notorious1574
infamously1611
flagrantly1756
1574–5 in A. J. Mill Mediaeval Plays in Scotl. (1927) 286 Always..I..dischargeit the [acting of Robin Hood plays]..as it is notorious known.
1607 Stat. in Hist. Wakefield School (1892) 62 Notorious negligent in the execution of the office of a Governour.
1691 J. Dunton Voy. round World I. v. 102 They very innocently enquire, what was there to be seen; to which one of these notorious honest Fellows replied, the Lions.
1735 S.-Carolina Gaz. 31 May 2/2 The Elegy upon our late Governor is received, and the unknown Author say's nothing in it but what is notorious true.
1768 J. Cremer Jrnl. 27 Jan. in R. R. Bellamy Ramblin' Jack (1936) 111 They are noetouryous jellous and revengefull of those they give theair favors to.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

notoriousadj.2

Origin: A borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin notorius , -ous suffix.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin notorius concerned with symbols and signs (see notory adj.3) + -ous suffix. Compare earlier notary adj.2, notory adj.3
Obsolete. rare.
= notory adj.3
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > indication > [adjective] > dealing with signs or marks
notary1584
notory1593
notorious1652
1652 J. Gaule Πυς-μαντια 191 And now (it is agreed among themselves) their Art shall no more be called the Notorious.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2021).
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adj.1adv.c1495adj.21652
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