north-westernadj.n.

Brit.

/ˌnɔːθˈwɛst(ə)n/, U.S.

/nɔrθˈwɛstərn/

Forms: see north adv., adj., and n. and western adj., n.², and adv. Also with capital initial(s).

Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item.

Etymology: Probably the reflex of an unattested Old English compound *norðwesterne , cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Low German nōrtwestern , Old High German nordwestrōni < the Germanic base of north adv. + the Germanic base of western adj. Compare earlier north-eastern adj., south-western adj., south-eastern adj.

A. adj.

a. = north-westerly adj. 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > North > North-west > [adjective]

north-westeOE

nor'-westa1500

north-westerly1577

north-western1577

north-westward1703

north-westwardly1769

north-west1870

1577 R. Willes in R. Willes & R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Hist. Trauayle W. & E. Indies f. 233^v The mouth of the northwesterne streict..openeth southerly more and more, vntyll it come vnder the tropike of Cancer.

1612 J. Selden in M. Drayton Poly-olbion viii. Illustr. 125 Iaphet..had the North-westerne part of the world.

1614 W. Lithgow Most Delectable Disc. Peregrination sig. G2 These North-westerne Ilands..are neither hot nor cold.

1759 Philos. Trans. 1758 (Royal Soc.) 50 616 Adam Killick's habitation is three miles north-east of Starborough, at the north-western point of the parish of Edenbridge.

1788 T. Jefferson Let. 4 Dec. in Papers (1958) XIV. 328 There was all reason to believe that the war in the North-Western parts of Europe would be quieted.

1898 H. G. Wells War of Worlds ii. viii. 275 At any time the destruction that had already singed the north-western borders of the Metropolis..might strike among these houses.

1910 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 40 40 From this it would appear that the Rājputs of north-western India and of the Ganges valley represent a fairly uniform ethnical type.

1989 C. Caufield Multiple Exposures (1990) xv. 150 The world's first full-size nuclear power plant was at Windscale on Britain's northwestern coast.

b. U.S. Designating the regions to the north-west of the earliest European settlements in North America. Chiefly in North-western territory, North-western states. Cf. north-west adv. 1a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > North America > [adjective] > U.S.A. > Western States > north-west

north-western1802

1802 A. Ellicott Jrnl. 17 Cincinnati was at that time the capital of the North western Territory.

1835 J. H. Ingraham South-West I. ix. 106 Produce of all kinds, brought from the ‘Upper country’, as the north western states are termed here.

1883 Manufacturer & Builder Mar. 51/1 The predictions of early snow in the northwest in August or September is [sic] a very safe one to make, if one claims the right to test it by the weather reported at any one town in the Northwestern States or Territories.

1932 Mississippi Valley Hist. Rev. 19 198 Every one of the seven Northwestern states had representatives of its foreign element in their delegations.

1993 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 80 299/2 Centennial West draws together twelve essays prepared to commemorate the one hundredth anniversary of statehood in six northwestern states.

2. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the north-western part of a country or region.

ΚΠ

1789 Deb. Congr. U.S. 25 May (1834) 40 The negotiations of the Governor of the Western territory with certain northern and northwestern Indians.

1812 Weekly Reg. (Baltimore) 3 13/1 General Hull, with the whole North Western army,..has surrendered to the British and Indians.

a1882 D. A. McCarthy Poems (1884) 71 Two open hands Laden with gifts of the north-western world.

1964 M. Jacobs Pattern in Cultural Anthropol. xii. 297 No anthropologist lacks admiration for northwestern art work, no matter how ridiculously relativistic his dogma.

1991 S. Hornblower Greek World (BNC) 89 Corinth's north-western interests were threatened more directly by the affair of Corcyra.

3. Of a wind: = north-westerly adj. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [adjective] > from specific point of compass

southeOE

northeOE

northerneOE

easternOE

southernOE

south-easternOE

north-easternOE

westernOE

south-westernOE

southena1325

north-east1379

east-north-easta1398

east-south-easta1398

north-north-easta1398

north-westa1398

south-southeasta1398

south-westc1400

south-easta1425

nor'-westa1500

south-southwesta1522

north-westera1525

northerlya1544

southerly1550

south-southeast?1560

south-easterly1577

north-north-west1601

subprincipal1601

southernly1610

north-westerly1611

easternly1614

northernly1632

westwardly1653

northwardly1654

north-easterly1686

southwardly1693

southwesterly1703

eastling1725

south-southeasterly1803

westland1818

south-southwesterly1822

north-western1829

north-north-easterly1831

southwesterly1883

nor-nor-east1891

1829 J. F. Cooper Wept of Wish Ton-Wish I. vii. 117 Occasional thaws and passing storms of rain..were driven away by a return of the clear and cutting cold of the north-western gales.

1845 C. Darwin Jrnl. (ed. 2) xiii. 284 A heavy north-western gale, with steady rain, bespeaks the rising year.

1891 Science 20 Nov. 283/1 As the last appeared after a strong north-western gale, it seems that it must..have flown over England before falling exhausted to the ground.

1935 Ecol. Monogr. 5 223 Another factor causing the sedimentation of sand on the eastern shores may be the prevailing northwestern wind.

1995 Conservation Biol. 9 1588/2 On the northern half of the spit, tongues of moving sand, oriented parallel with the prevailing north-western winds, alternated with vegetated ridges.

†B. n.

North American. A heavy overcoat. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > coat > types of > weatherproof > winter coat

winter coat1557

north-western1701

1701 C. Wooley Two Years Jrnl. N.-Y. 7 A thick winter Coat there is commonly called a Northwestern.

Compounds

† north-western gun n. North American Obsolete rare a kind of light rifle.

ΚΠ

1791 J. Long Voy. Indian Interpreter 69 Suspecting the bad spirit was still in them..we prepared for an attack, loading twenty eight north-west guns and a brace of pistols.]

1859 Congress. Globe 16 Feb. 1069/1 The arms furnished to the Indians are what are called northwestern guns. They are little popguns, with which nothing can be killed but the buffaloes.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	north-western
释义	north-westernadj.n. Brit. /ˌnɔːθˈwɛst(ə)n/, U.S. /nɔrθˈwɛstərn/ Forms: see north adv., adj., and n. and western adj., n.², and adv. Also with capital initial(s). Origin: Probably a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymology: Probably the reflex of an unattested Old English compound norðwesterne , cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Low German nōrtwestern* , Old High German nordwestrōni < the Germanic base of north adv. + the Germanic base of western adj. Compare earlier north-eastern adj., south-western adj., south-eastern adj. A. adj. 1. a. = north-westerly adj. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > direction > cardinal points > North > North-west > [adjective] north-westeOE nor'-westa1500 north-westerly1577 north-western1577 north-westward1703 north-westwardly1769 north-west1870 1577 R. Willes in R. Willes & R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Hist. Trauayle W. & E. Indies f. 233^v The mouth of the northwesterne streict..openeth southerly more and more, vntyll it come vnder the tropike of Cancer. 1612 J. Selden in M. Drayton Poly-olbion viii. Illustr. 125 Iaphet..had the North-westerne part of the world. 1614 W. Lithgow Most Delectable Disc. Peregrination sig. G2 These North-westerne Ilands..are neither hot nor cold. 1759 Philos. Trans. 1758 (Royal Soc.) 50 616 Adam Killick's habitation is three miles north-east of Starborough, at the north-western point of the parish of Edenbridge. 1788 T. Jefferson Let. 4 Dec. in Papers (1958) XIV. 328 There was all reason to believe that the war in the North-Western parts of Europe would be quieted. 1898 H. G. Wells War of Worlds ii. viii. 275 At any time the destruction that had already singed the north-western borders of the Metropolis..might strike among these houses. 1910 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 40 40 From this it would appear that the Rājputs of north-western India and of the Ganges valley represent a fairly uniform ethnical type. 1989 C. Caufield Multiple Exposures (1990) xv. 150 The world's first full-size nuclear power plant was at Windscale on Britain's northwestern coast. b. U.S. Designating the regions to the north-west of the earliest European settlements in North America. Chiefly in North-western territory, North-western states. Cf. north-west adv. 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > named regions of earth > America > North America > [adjective] > U.S.A. > Western States > north-west north-western1802 1802 A. Ellicott Jrnl. 17 Cincinnati was at that time the capital of the North western Territory. 1835 J. H. Ingraham South-West I. ix. 106 Produce of all kinds, brought from the ‘Upper country’, as the north western states are termed here. 1883 Manufacturer & Builder Mar. 51/1 The predictions of early snow in the northwest in August or September is [sic] a very safe one to make, if one claims the right to test it by the weather reported at any one town in the Northwestern States or Territories. 1932 Mississippi Valley Hist. Rev. 19 198 Every one of the seven Northwestern states had representatives of its foreign element in their delegations. 1993 Jrnl. Amer. Hist. 80 299/2 Centennial West draws together twelve essays prepared to commemorate the one hundredth anniversary of statehood in six northwestern states. 2. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the north-western part of a country or region. ΚΠ 1789 Deb. Congr. U.S. 25 May (1834) 40 The negotiations of the Governor of the Western territory with certain northern and northwestern Indians. 1812 Weekly Reg. (Baltimore) 3 13/1 General Hull, with the whole North Western army,..has surrendered to the British and Indians. a1882 D. A. McCarthy Poems (1884) 71 Two open hands Laden with gifts of the north-western world. 1964 M. Jacobs Pattern in Cultural Anthropol. xii. 297 No anthropologist lacks admiration for northwestern art work, no matter how ridiculously relativistic his dogma. 1991 S. Hornblower Greek World (BNC) 89 Corinth's north-western interests were threatened more directly by the affair of Corcyra. 3. Of a wind: = north-westerly adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [adjective] > from specific point of compass southeOE northeOE northerneOE easternOE southernOE south-easternOE north-easternOE westernOE south-westernOE southena1325 north-east1379 east-north-easta1398 east-south-easta1398 north-north-easta1398 north-westa1398 south-southeasta1398 south-westc1400 south-easta1425 nor'-westa1500 south-southwesta1522 north-westera1525 northerlya1544 southerly1550 south-southeast?1560 south-easterly1577 north-north-west1601 subprincipal1601 southernly1610 north-westerly1611 easternly1614 northernly1632 westwardly1653 northwardly1654 north-easterly1686 southwardly1693 southwesterly1703 eastling1725 south-southeasterly1803 westland1818 south-southwesterly1822 north-western1829 north-north-easterly1831 southwesterly1883 nor-nor-east1891 1829 J. F. Cooper Wept of Wish Ton-Wish I. vii. 117 Occasional thaws and passing storms of rain..were driven away by a return of the clear and cutting cold of the north-western gales. 1845 C. Darwin Jrnl. (ed. 2) xiii. 284 A heavy north-western gale, with steady rain, bespeaks the rising year. 1891 Science 20 Nov. 283/1 As the last appeared after a strong north-western gale, it seems that it must..have flown over England before falling exhausted to the ground. 1935 Ecol. Monogr. 5 223 Another factor causing the sedimentation of sand on the eastern shores may be the prevailing northwestern wind. 1995 Conservation Biol. 9 1588/2 On the northern half of the spit, tongues of moving sand, oriented parallel with the prevailing north-western winds, alternated with vegetated ridges. †B. n. North American. A heavy overcoat. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > coat > types of > weatherproof > winter coat winter coat1557 north-western1701 1701 C. Wooley Two Years Jrnl. N.-Y. 7 A thick winter Coat there is commonly called a Northwestern. Compounds † north-western gun n. North American Obsolete rare a kind of light rifle. ΚΠ 1791 J. Long Voy. Indian Interpreter 69 Suspecting the bad spirit was still in them..we prepared for an attack, loading twenty eight north-west guns and a brace of pistols.] 1859 Congress. Globe 16 Feb. 1069/1 The arms furnished to the Indians are what are called northwestern guns. They are little popguns, with which nothing can be killed but the buffaloes. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.n.1577
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