nitric acidn.

Brit.

/ˌnʌɪtrɪk ˈasɪd/, U.S.

/ˌnaɪtrɪk ˈæsəd/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: nitric adj., acid n.

Etymology: < nitric adj. + acid n., after French acide nitrique (L. B. Guyton de Morveau Nomencl. chim. (1787) 48).

Chemistry.

A highly corrosive and toxic acid, HNO₃, with strong oxidizing properties, which is a colourless or pale yellow fuming liquid with a pungent smell, and is used as a metal solvent and in the manufacture of fertilizers, explosives, and other chemicals. Cf. aqua fortis n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > acids > [noun] > acids-named > containing nitrogen > nitric acid

strong water?a1425

water?c1425

aqua fortis1601

spirit of nitre1626

parting water1662

spirits of saltpetre1685

nitric acid1790

1788 J. St. John tr. L. B. Guyton de Morveau et al. Method Chym. Nomencl. 110 Acid nitric.]

1790 W. Nicholson tr. A.-F. de Fourcroy Elements Nat. Hist. & Chem. (new ed.) I. 377 To the white acid..we give the name of the nitric acid.

1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. I. 119 This property of the nitric acid to produce so intense a cold with ice.

1843 R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. xxvii. 338 After a few days we proceeded to the use of nitric acid baths.

1881 R. Routledge Pop. Hist. Sci. iii. 63 Nitric acid, which is one of the most important of Geber's discoveries.

1951 I. L. Finar Org. Chem. I. xvii. 329 Lactic acid..may be prepared: (i) By oxidising propylene glycol with dilute nitric acid.

1990 Sci. Amer. Nov. 5/2 One can obtain exquisitely detailed relief patterns on Solnhofen limestone with a greasy ink resist and a nitric acid etchant.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	nitric acid
释义	nitric acidn. Brit. /ˌnʌɪtrɪk ˈasɪd/, U.S. /ˌnaɪtrɪk ˈæsəd/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a French lexical item. Etymons: nitric adj., acid n. Etymology: < nitric adj. + acid n., after French acide nitrique (L. B. Guyton de Morveau Nomencl. chim. (1787) 48). Chemistry. A highly corrosive and toxic acid, HNO₃, with strong oxidizing properties, which is a colourless or pale yellow fuming liquid with a pungent smell, and is used as a metal solvent and in the manufacture of fertilizers, explosives, and other chemicals. Cf. aqua fortis n. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > acids > [noun] > acids-named > containing nitrogen > nitric acid strong water?a1425 water?c1425 aqua fortis1601 spirit of nitre1626 parting water1662 spirits of saltpetre1685 nitric acid1790 1788 J. St. John tr. L. B. Guyton de Morveau et al. Method Chym. Nomencl. 110 Acid nitric.] 1790 W. Nicholson tr. A.-F. de Fourcroy Elements Nat. Hist. & Chem. (new ed.) I. 377 To the white acid..we give the name of the nitric acid. 1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. I. 119 This property of the nitric acid to produce so intense a cold with ice. 1843 R. J. Graves Syst. Clin. Med. xxvii. 338 After a few days we proceeded to the use of nitric acid baths. 1881 R. Routledge Pop. Hist. Sci. iii. 63 Nitric acid, which is one of the most important of Geber's discoveries. 1951 I. L. Finar Org. Chem. I. xvii. 329 Lactic acid..may be prepared: (i) By oxidising propylene glycol with dilute nitric acid. 1990 Sci. Amer. Nov. 5/2 One can obtain exquisitely detailed relief patterns on Solnhofen limestone with a greasy ink resist and a nitric acid etchant. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1790
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