non-naturaladj.n.

Brit.

/nɒnˈnatʃ(ə)rəl/,

/nɒnˈnatʃ(ə)rl̩/, U.S.

/nɑ(n)ˈnætʃər(ə)l/,

/nɑ(n)ˈnætʃr(ə)l/

Forms: see non- prefix and natural adj.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: non- prefix, natural adj.

Etymology: < non- prefix + natural adj. With use as noun compare natural n.¹In non-natural things (see sense A. 1), probably after post-classical Latin res non-naturales (1676 in the passage translated in quot. 1696 at sense B. 1, but probably earlier).

A. adj.

†1. Medicine. Designating or relating to any or all of the six external factors regarded as necessary to health (see sense B. 1). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > [adjective] > of health: good > conducive to health

goodOE

healfulc1340

hailsome1372

haila1393

wholesomea1398

halesomea1400

wholefulc1443

salutairec1450

soundc1460

healsomec1475

healthful1495

saluberrime1509

laudable?1518

sanative1548

healthy1552

healthsomea1563

salutiferous1604

non-natural1621

salutary1649

sanitiferous1657

saniferousa1706

constitutional1750

sanitary1853

healthward1884

1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. ii. i. 86 Necessary..are those six non-naturall things, so much spoken of amongst Physitians.

1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis i. 11 This ought not to be accounted among the non-natural or unvaletudinary figures.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Non-Natural Things, or the Non-Natural Cause of Diseases, as the Physicians reckon them are six.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Medicine The fourth Branch considers the Remedies, and their Use, whereby Life may be preserv'd; whence 'tis called Hygeine. Its Objects are what we strictly call Non-naturals.

2. Not belonging to the natural order of things; not according to or dependent on nature; not involving natural means or process; unnatural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > unaccustomedness or state of disuse > [adjective] > unusual or unwonted > unusual or unnatural

innaturalc1400

unnaturala1586

non-natural1650

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > irregularity > unconformity > abnormality > [adjective] > abnormal or unnatural

wicked13..

innaturalc1400

monstruousc1425

wick?c1425

disnaturalc1430

monstrousa1464

unnatural1516

natureless1548

prodigious1569

non-natural1650

disnatured1764

1650 E. Williams Virgo Triumphans (new ed.) Suppl. sig. I3v The (supposed dangerous) neighborhood of the Sun..could not but perpetually exile all cold and moisture as non-naturall and forreine to their immediate residence.

1758 J. Mackenzie Hist. Health Introd. 4 Galen divides things relating to the human body into three classes: Things which are Natural to it: Things which are Non-natural; and things which are Extra-natural.

1803 M. Charlton Wife & Mistress (ed. 2) II. 59 A non-natural woman, to go to leave her children.

1862 J. McCosh Supernat. ii. i. §4. 150 (note) A miracle is non-natural.

1874 M. Arnold in Contemp. Rev. Oct. 797 The God of this religion of the future will be still a magnified and non-natural man.

1887 Rep. Sci. Results Voy. H.M.S. Challenger: Zool. 19 iv. 1 The majority of zoologists continued for a long time to divide the Pteropoda into non-natural groups.

1905 R. B. Perry Approach to Philos. 239 Anaxagoras had referred the creative and formative processes of nature to a non-natural or rational agency.

1954 P. H. Nowell-Smith Ethics 39 The difference between moral characteristics and those we learn about in science and history is marked by calling them non-natural.

1989 A. Danto Salute to Veronese in Encounters & Reflections (1991) 220 Chiaroscuro recommended itself as a mode of painting when artists were concerned to create a mysterious, almost nonnatural atmosphere in which scenes of the utmost religious intensity could transpire.

3. 1760Not in accordance with the simple sense of a word; (in later use) (spec. of a meaning, interpretation, etc.) dependent on the existence of shared associations in the speaker or writer and the listener or reader.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > [adjective]

corruptc1386

racked1546

detorted?1550

wrested1551

writhen1551

writhed1562

forced1583

tortured1603

strained1609

distorted1641

violented1641

crook1647

extorted1652

refracted1655

madly wrested1656

wry1663

corrupted1699

non-natural1844

1844 W. G. Ward Ideal Christian Church 479 Our twelfth Article is as plain as words can make it on the ‘evangelical’ side..I subscribe it myself in a non-natural sense.

1864 E. B. Pusey Daniel 471 When they strive so hard, in non-natural ways, to force other meanings on the words.

1884 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 25 688 It is not that the word ‘wife’ is taken in a non-natural sense.

1926 Mind 35 488 ‘Emergence’..seems to be used in a forced and non-natural sense to mean the arising of unpredictable novelties.

1957 H. P. Grice in Philos. Rev. 66 379 This question about the distinction between natural and non-natural meaning is, I think, what people are getting at when they display an interest in a distinction between ‘natural’ and ‘conventional’ signs.

1994 C. Humphrey et al. Archetypal Actions of Ritual 85 The notion of communication is tied to that of non-natural meaning. Communicative behaviour is directed towards a potential recipient, who is intended to understand the act in question in a particular way.

B. n.

1. Medicine. In plural. The six external factors (air, diet, sleep, exercise, excretion, and emotion) regarded as necessary to health, but which may through abuse, accident, etc., become a cause of disease. Frequently contrasted with natural n.¹ 5. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the supernatural > [noun] > science or subject of

subterranean geography1624

non-natural1696

supernaturalism1796

supranaturalism1821

hypophysicsa1834

hyperphysics1855

preternaturalism1864

the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > state of being conducive to > that which is conducive to

virtuea1393

quarta1400

non-natural1696

doctor1740

1696 J. Pechey tr. T. Sydenham Whole Wks. i. ii. 6 The abovemention'd qualities of the Air do..dispose our Bodies to generate this or that Epidemick Disease, which is likewise to be said of any Error in the six Nonnaturals [L. res non-naturales].

1708 J. Wainewright (title) A mechanical account of the non-naturals: being a brief explication of the changes made in humane bodies, by air, diet, &c.

1725 N. Robinson New Theory of Physick 71 None of the Evacuations will be irregular, if the Air, our Aliment, or some other of the Non-naturals do not disaffect 'em.

1788 W. Cowper Let. 19 June (1982) III. 181 I rather suspect that you do not allow yourself sufficient air and exercise; the physicians call them Non-naturals. I suppose to deter their patients from the use of them.

1826 W. Scott Diary 9 June in J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Sir W. Scott (1837) VI. x. 319 Slept well last night. By the way, how intolerably selfish this Journal makes one seem—so much attention to one's naturals and non-naturals!

1847 C. D. Badham Treat. Esculent Funguses 26 The day is past..for long-winded prose epics on indigestion; a livelier mode of dealing with the subject of non naturals in the shape of Novels and Romances, has won the public ear.

1945 Science 21 Sept. 299/1 The first part of the exhibit is devoted to early writings on hygiene beginning with Galen and his concept of the ‘Non-Naturals’ in relation of health.

1997 William & Mary Q. 54 237 Other diseases resulted from exposure to external factors, the somewhat confusingly named non-naturals (diet, exercise, temperature, sleep, excretion) that trigger change within the body.

†a. That which is not natural. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1826 C. Lamb in New Monthly Mag. 16 519 For the super-natural, or something super-added to what we know of nature, they give you the plainly non-natural.

b. A non-natural thing. rare.

ΚΠ

1874 M. Arnold in Contemp. Rev. Oct. 818 If any science is likely to be able to demonstrate to us the magnified and non-natural man, it must be the science of non-naturals.

1994 W. R. Newman Gehennical Fire iii. 102 The similarity [of the mineral genus] in general with those naturals, non-naturals, and contra-naturals of the other two genera.

Derivatives

non-natuˈrality n. rare = non-naturalness n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > unaccustomedness or state of disuse > [noun] > unwontedness or unusualness > unusualness or unnaturalness

non-naturality1827

unnaturalness1865

non-naturalness1878

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > irregularity > unconformity > abnormality > [noun] > condition of being abnormal or unnatural

unkindnessc1390

unnaturalness?a1425

monstrosity1639

prodigiousness1649

preternaturality1666

preternaturalness1695

abnormity1724

unnaturalism1754

unnaturality1819

non-naturality1827

preternaturalism1834

non-naturalness1878

1827 J. Bentham Rationale Judicial Evid. III. v. iii. 55 He denied some of the facts by which the non-naturality of the death was indicated.

1945 S. Eilenberg & S. MacLane in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 58 269 As another example of non-naturality, consider the theorem which asserts that any abelian group G with a finite number of generators can be represented.

non-ˈnaturalness n. rare the condition of being non-natural.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > unaccustomedness or state of disuse > [noun] > unwontedness or unusualness > unusualness or unnaturalness

non-naturality1827

unnaturalness1865

non-naturalness1878

the world > relative properties > order > disorder > irregularity > unconformity > abnormality > [noun] > condition of being abnormal or unnatural

unkindnessc1390

unnaturalness?a1425

monstrosity1639

prodigiousness1649

preternaturality1666

preternaturalness1695

abnormity1724

unnaturalism1754

unnaturality1819

non-naturality1827

preternaturalism1834

non-naturalness1878

1878 N. Amer. Rev. Sept. 330 The non-naturalness of the thought.

1988 T. L. S. Sprigge Rational Found. Ethics ii. 35 I suggest..that the alleged non-naturalness of good and bad consists in their being properties of things which follow from what the things are like but which do not contribute to things being like what they are like.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	non-natural
释义	non-naturaladj.n. Brit. /nɒnˈnatʃ(ə)rəl/, /nɒnˈnatʃ(ə)rl̩/, U.S. /nɑ(n)ˈnætʃər(ə)l/, /nɑ(n)ˈnætʃr(ə)l/ Forms: see non- prefix and natural adj. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: non- prefix, natural adj. Etymology: < non- prefix + natural adj. With use as noun compare natural n.¹In non-natural things (see sense A. 1), probably after post-classical Latin res non-naturales (1676 in the passage translated in quot. 1696 at sense B. 1, but probably earlier). A. adj. †1. Medicine. Designating or relating to any or all of the six external factors regarded as necessary to health (see sense B. 1). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > [adjective] > of health: good > conducive to health goodOE healfulc1340 hailsome1372 haila1393 wholesomea1398 halesomea1400 wholefulc1443 salutairec1450 soundc1460 healsomec1475 healthful1495 saluberrime1509 laudable?1518 sanative1548 healthy1552 healthsomea1563 salutiferous1604 non-natural1621 salutary1649 sanitiferous1657 saniferousa1706 constitutional1750 sanitary1853 healthward1884 1621 R. Burton Anat. Melancholy i. ii. ii. i. 86 Necessary..are those six non-naturall things, so much spoken of amongst Physitians. 1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis i. 11 This ought not to be accounted among the non-natural or unvaletudinary figures. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Non-Natural Things, or the Non-Natural Cause of Diseases, as the Physicians reckon them are six. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Medicine The fourth Branch considers the Remedies, and their Use, whereby Life may be preserv'd; whence 'tis called Hygeine. Its Objects are what we strictly call Non-naturals. 2. Not belonging to the natural order of things; not according to or dependent on nature; not involving natural means or process; unnatural. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > unaccustomedness or state of disuse > [adjective] > unusual or unwonted > unusual or unnatural innaturalc1400 unnaturala1586 non-natural1650 the world > relative properties > order > disorder > irregularity > unconformity > abnormality > [adjective] > abnormal or unnatural wicked13.. innaturalc1400 monstruousc1425 wick?c1425 disnaturalc1430 monstrousa1464 unnatural1516 natureless1548 prodigious1569 non-natural1650 disnatured1764 1650 E. Williams Virgo Triumphans (new ed.) Suppl. sig. I3v The (supposed dangerous) neighborhood of the Sun..could not but perpetually exile all cold and moisture as non-naturall and forreine to their immediate residence. 1758 J. Mackenzie Hist. Health Introd. 4 Galen divides things relating to the human body into three classes: Things which are Natural to it: Things which are Non-natural; and things which are Extra-natural. 1803 M. Charlton Wife & Mistress (ed. 2) II. 59 A non-natural woman, to go to leave her children. 1862 J. McCosh Supernat. ii. i. §4. 150 (note) A miracle is non-natural. 1874 M. Arnold in Contemp. Rev. Oct. 797 The God of this religion of the future will be still a magnified and non-natural man. 1887 Rep. Sci. Results Voy. H.M.S. Challenger: Zool. 19 iv. 1 The majority of zoologists continued for a long time to divide the Pteropoda into non-natural groups. 1905 R. B. Perry Approach to Philos. 239 Anaxagoras had referred the creative and formative processes of nature to a non-natural or rational agency. 1954 P. H. Nowell-Smith Ethics 39 The difference between moral characteristics and those we learn about in science and history is marked by calling them non-natural. 1989 A. Danto Salute to Veronese in Encounters & Reflections (1991) 220 Chiaroscuro recommended itself as a mode of painting when artists were concerned to create a mysterious, almost nonnatural atmosphere in which scenes of the utmost religious intensity could transpire. 3. 1760Not in accordance with the simple sense of a word; (in later use) (spec. of a meaning, interpretation, etc.) dependent on the existence of shared associations in the speaker or writer and the listener or reader. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > intelligibility > misinterpretation > distortion or perversion of meaning > [adjective] corruptc1386 racked1546 detorted?1550 wrested1551 writhen1551 writhed1562 forced1583 tortured1603 strained1609 distorted1641 violented1641 crook1647 extorted1652 refracted1655 madly wrested1656 wry1663 corrupted1699 non-natural1844 1844 W. G. Ward Ideal Christian Church 479 Our twelfth Article is as plain as words can make it on the ‘evangelical’ side..I subscribe it myself in a non-natural sense. 1864 E. B. Pusey Daniel 471 When they strive so hard, in non-natural ways, to force other meanings on the words. 1884 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 25 688 It is not that the word ‘wife’ is taken in a non-natural sense. 1926 Mind 35 488 ‘Emergence’..seems to be used in a forced and non-natural sense to mean the arising of unpredictable novelties. 1957 H. P. Grice in Philos. Rev. 66 379 This question about the distinction between natural and non-natural meaning is, I think, what people are getting at when they display an interest in a distinction between ‘natural’ and ‘conventional’ signs. 1994 C. Humphrey et al. Archetypal Actions of Ritual 85 The notion of communication is tied to that of non-natural meaning. Communicative behaviour is directed towards a potential recipient, who is intended to understand the act in question in a particular way. B. n. 1. Medicine. In plural. The six external factors (air, diet, sleep, exercise, excretion, and emotion) regarded as necessary to health, but which may through abuse, accident, etc., become a cause of disease. Frequently contrasted with natural n.¹ 5. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > the supernatural > [noun] > science or subject of subterranean geography1624 non-natural1696 supernaturalism1796 supranaturalism1821 hypophysicsa1834 hyperphysics1855 preternaturalism1864 the world > health and disease > [noun] > good health > state of being conducive to > that which is conducive to virtuea1393 quarta1400 non-natural1696 doctor1740 1696 J. Pechey tr. T. Sydenham Whole Wks. i. ii. 6 The abovemention'd qualities of the Air do..dispose our Bodies to generate this or that Epidemick Disease, which is likewise to be said of any Error in the six Nonnaturals [L. res non-naturales]. 1708 J. Wainewright (title) A mechanical account of the non-naturals: being a brief explication of the changes made in humane bodies, by air, diet, &c. 1725 N. Robinson New Theory of Physick 71 None of the Evacuations will be irregular, if the Air, our Aliment, or some other of the Non-naturals do not disaffect 'em. 1788 W. Cowper Let. 19 June (1982) III. 181 I rather suspect that you do not allow yourself sufficient air and exercise; the physicians call them Non-naturals. I suppose to deter their patients from the use of them. 1826 W. Scott Diary 9 June in J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Sir W. Scott (1837) VI. x. 319 Slept well last night. By the way, how intolerably selfish this Journal makes one seem—so much attention to one's naturals and non-naturals! 1847 C. D. Badham Treat. Esculent Funguses 26 The day is past..for long-winded prose epics on indigestion; a livelier mode of dealing with the subject of non naturals in the shape of Novels and Romances, has won the public ear. 1945 Science 21 Sept. 299/1 The first part of the exhibit is devoted to early writings on hygiene beginning with Galen and his concept of the ‘Non-Naturals’ in relation of health. 1997 William & Mary Q. 54 237 Other diseases resulted from exposure to external factors, the somewhat confusingly named non-naturals (diet, exercise, temperature, sleep, excretion) that trigger change within the body. 2. †a. That which is not natural. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1826 C. Lamb in New Monthly Mag. 16 519 For the super-natural, or something super-added to what we know of nature, they give you the plainly non-natural. b. A non-natural thing. rare. ΚΠ 1874 M. Arnold in Contemp. Rev. Oct. 818 If any science is likely to be able to demonstrate to us the magnified and non-natural man, it must be the science of non-naturals. 1994 W. R. Newman Gehennical Fire iii. 102 The similarity [of the mineral genus] in general with those naturals, non-naturals, and contra-naturals of the other two genera. Derivatives non-natuˈrality n. rare = non-naturalness n. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > unaccustomedness or state of disuse > [noun] > unwontedness or unusualness > unusualness or unnaturalness non-naturality1827 unnaturalness1865 non-naturalness1878 the world > relative properties > order > disorder > irregularity > unconformity > abnormality > [noun] > condition of being abnormal or unnatural unkindnessc1390 unnaturalness?a1425 monstrosity1639 prodigiousness1649 preternaturality1666 preternaturalness1695 abnormity1724 unnaturalism1754 unnaturality1819 non-naturality1827 preternaturalism1834 non-naturalness1878 1827 J. Bentham Rationale Judicial Evid. III. v. iii. 55 He denied some of the facts by which the non-naturality of the death was indicated. 1945 S. Eilenberg & S. MacLane in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 58 269 As another example of non-naturality, consider the theorem which asserts that any abelian group G with a finite number of generators can be represented. non-ˈnaturalness n. rare the condition of being non-natural. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > behaviour > customary or habitual mode of behaviour > unaccustomedness or state of disuse > [noun] > unwontedness or unusualness > unusualness or unnaturalness non-naturality1827 unnaturalness1865 non-naturalness1878 the world > relative properties > order > disorder > irregularity > unconformity > abnormality > [noun] > condition of being abnormal or unnatural unkindnessc1390 unnaturalness?a1425 monstrosity1639 prodigiousness1649 preternaturality1666 preternaturalness1695 abnormity1724 unnaturalism1754 unnaturality1819 non-naturality1827 preternaturalism1834 non-naturalness1878 1878 N. Amer. Rev. Sept. 330 The non-naturalness of the thought. 1988 T. L. S. Sprigge Rational Found. Ethics ii. 35 I suggest..that the alleged non-naturalness of good and bad consists in their being properties of things which follow from what the things are like but which do not contribute to things being like what they are like. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1621
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