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单词 nineteenth
释义

nineteenthadj.n.

Brit. /ˌnʌɪnˈtiːnθ/, U.S. /ˈˌnaɪnˈˌtinθ/
Forms:

α. Old English niganteoþa, Old English nigentegða, Old English nigenteoþa, Old English nigenteoða, Old English nigonteoþa, Old English nigonteoða, Old English nigonteða, Old English nigontoða, Old English niogonteoða (rare), Old English nygentegða, Old English nygenteoða, Old English nygonteogða, Old English nygonteoða, early Middle English nygontuþe, Middle English neoȝenteoþe, Middle English nienteþe, Middle English niȝenteþe, Middle English ninteoþe, Middle English nyentethe, Middle English nyenteþe, Middle English nyneteoþe, Middle English nynetuþe, Middle English nynteethe, Middle English nyteþe.

β. Middle English nientenyt, Middle English nienteynt, Middle English nynetenþe, Middle English nyntenþe, Middle English–1500s nynetenthe, Middle English–1500s nyntenthe, Middle English–1600s nynetenth, Middle English–1600s nynteenth, Middle English–1600s nyntenth, 1500s nineteenthe, 1500s ninteenthe, 1500s nintinth, 1500s nyneteenthe, 1500s–1600s nineteeneth, 1500s–1600s nineteneth, 1500s–1600s ninetenth, 1500s–1600s ninetienth, 1500s–1600s ninetinth, 1500s–1600s nintenth, 1500s–1600s nyneteenth, 1500s–1700s ninteenth, 1500s– nineteenth, 1600s ninetente, 1600s ninteeneth; Scottish pre-1700 nyneteint, pre-1700 nyneteinth, pre-1700 nynteint, pre-1700 nyntinth, 1900s– nineteent; N.E.D. (1907) also records a form late Middle English nintenth.

γ. Middle English nientend (Lincolnshire), Middle English nyntend (Suffolk); Scottish pre-1700 nynetende, pre-1700 nyntende.

Also represented by the abbreviations 19th, 19th, xixth, xixth, XIXth, XIXth, and variants.
Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian niguntīnda , niuguntīnda , (with further suffixation) niguntēndesta , niuguntēndesta (West Frisian njoggentjinde ), Middle Dutch neghentiende , (with suffix substitution) neghentienste , (Dutch negentiende ), Old High German niuntazehanto (Middle High German niunzehende , German neunzehnte ), Old Icelandic nítjándi , Old Swedish nitande (Swedish nittonde ), Old Danish nitende (Danish nittende ) < the Germanic base of nine adj. + the Germanic base of tenth adj. (compare discussion of form types at that entry).The Old English α. forms nigentegða , nygentegða , nygonteogða occur in West Saxon sources that show Anglian (Mercian) influence. The β. forms show alteration after nineteen adj. and, variously, -th suffix2 and -t (the usual suffix forming ordinal numerals in Scots and northern and north midland varieties of English: see -th suffix2). The γ. forms probably reflect Scandinavian influence. Compare discussion at tenth adj. and n.
The ordinal numeral corresponding to the cardinal numeral nineteen adj. and n. (represented by 19th).
A. adj.
1. Next in order after the eighteenth; that is number nineteen in a series.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [adjective] > nineteen > nineteenth
nineteentheOE
nineteen?a1425
α.
eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 855 He ricsode nigonteoþe healf gear.
OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) 19 July 152 On þone nigentegðan [OE Corpus Cambr. 196 nygonteoðan] dæg.
OE Old Eng. Martyrol. (Julius) 19 Jan. 20 On ðone nigonteoþan dæg þæs monðes.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 5116 Þe nyenteþe day of aueryl.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 8699 In þe nienteþe ȝere of is elde.
a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 3820 Of kyng Knowde þe nyentethe ȝere.
β. a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) 4 Kings xxv. 8 It is þe nyntenþe ȝeer of þe kyng of babiloyne.a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 122 And so it is acountid for [perh. read forþ] anon to þe nyntenþe ȝere.c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. 691 (MED) Zantipus, þat was of Lyde kyng, Hadde to kepe..þe nyntenþe warde.1555 E. Bonner Homilies 60a We read in the nynetenth Chapiter of Exodus, how yt when God came down from heauen..there was heard a sound of a trumpet.1579 W. Fulke Heskins Parl. Repealed in D. Heskins Ouerthrowne 195 The nineteenth Chapter proceedeth vpon the same text.1662 R. Codrington tr. G. Ruggle Ignoramus iii. vi. sig. K3v This Indenture made the Nineteenth day of April.1676 Earl of Orrery Eng. Adventures i. 21 In these innocent employments, my Brother attain'd to his twentieth, and I to my nineteenth year.1715 S. Centlivre Humours of Elections i. 71 Madam, you are the Nineteenth Bride I have been Father to, and I never gave one to an honester Man.1769 T. Smollett Hist. & Adventures Atom I. 64 If their brains had been weighed against each other, the nineteenth part of a grain would have turned either scale.1796 J. Cottle Sir Malcom & Alla 25 With her nineteenth natal morn, She grac'd the village green.1804 L. Murray Eng. Gram. (ed. 9) ii. vi. 90 See..the notes on the nineteenth rule of syntax.1835 J. F. Cooper Monikins I. xiii. 199 The nineteenth candidate to my uninstructed eyes seemed perfect.1886 H. Morley Eng. Lit. (ed. 12) Pref. Former Editions..touched very lightly on the Literature of the Nineteenth Century.1958 Amer. Jrnl. Obstetr. & Gynecol. 75 1336 In about 8 per cent of women..a breakthrough bleeding occurred before the nineteenth day of medication.1990 C. Buckley Wet Work i. ix. 62 Senior Agent Frank Diatri..holding his yogurt and bran, stepped off the elevator of the nineteenth floor.γ. ?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 133 In his nientend ȝere of his regalte.1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 3308 Petyr þe nyntend pope.
2. humorous slang (originally U.S.). the nineteenth hole: the bar room in a golf clubhouse, as reached at the end of a standard round of eighteen holes; also in extended use.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > drinking place > [noun] > tap-room or bar > in club, hotel, or theatre
the Shades1823
the nineteenth hole1901
dispense1934
nineteenth1948
crush bar1954
1901 W. G. van T. Sutphen (title) The nineteenth hole, being tales of the fair green.
1921 N.Y. Tribune 14 Apr. 12/5 'Tis nice to live in Greenwich, Where they have a 19th hole, And when you've finished 18, You slowly toward it stroll.
1928 Daily Express 3 Jan. 9/2 Most courses have been completely unplayable, except at the nineteenth hole.
1935 Mod. Lang. Notes 50 329 Scholars in this country..feel the intellectual life submerged in routine teaching, in committees, and in the nineteenth hole of one kind and another.
1971 Good Food Guide 317 The Golf Tavern Nineteenth Hole.
1993 Fredericton 1993 Visitor Guide 34/1 The ‘19th hole’ is a great favourite. That's the nickname golfers fondly use for the Mactaquac Lodge.
B. n.
1.
a. The nineteenth person, thing, or part of a category, series, etc., identified contextually.Frequently as a day of the month.
ΚΠ
OE Ælfric Gram. (St. John's Oxf.) 283 Nonus decimus, se nigonteoða.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 122v And þe eiȝtþe, enleuenþe, fourtenþe, seuentenþe, and nyntenþe..ben I-clepid comoun ȝeres.
1578 T. Ellis in R. Hakluyt Voy. III. 41 A hidious fogge and mist, that continued till the nineteenth.
1619 W. P. Relation Wonderful Voiage 53 The nineteenth, the winde South, and our course North, at noone wee saw two Islande.
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 330 And thus I left the Island, the Nineteenth of December, as I found by the Ship's Account, in the Year 1686.
1747 Fool (1748) II. 248 The hurricane Months begin about the Twelfth of July, and continue to the Nineteenth of October.
1836 T. Hood Wks. IV. 137 (title) Song for the Nineteenth.
1903 W. S. Gilbert Foggerty's Schwenk ii. 47 Even now she has reason to believe that the nineteenth is trifling with her feelings!
1990 M. Levine Deep Cover iv. 96 All I knew for certain was that the Bolivians were expecting me in Panama on the nineteenth with five million bucks to buy their drugs.
b. Short for the nineteenth hole at sense A. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > drinking place > [noun] > tap-room or bar > in club, hotel, or theatre
the Shades1823
the nineteenth hole1901
dispense1934
nineteenth1948
crush bar1954
1948 ‘J. Tey’ Franchise Affair i. 7 A good chap who played a very steady game and occasionally, when it came to the nineteenth, expanded into mild indiscretions.
1956 S. Hope Diggers' Paradise xvii. 157 Most golf clubs have a share of ‘ear-bashers’ as the Aussies call the type who verbally replay their strokes ad nauseum at the ‘nineteenth’.
1975 D. Langdon How to talk Golf 3 He will be able to talk Golf at the Nineteenth.
2. Music.
a. An interval embracing nineteen consecutive notes in the diatonic scale; (also) a note a nineteenth above another given note. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > pitch > interval > [noun] > sixteenth-twentieth
nineteenth1597
seventeenth1597
twentieth1609
sixteenth1876
1597 T. Morley Plaine & Easie Introd. Musicke 71 A vnison, a fift,..a fifteenth, a nineteenth, and so forth.
1609 J. Dowland tr. A. Ornithoparchus Micrologus 79 A nineteenth, which is equal to a fifth, and a twelfth.
1876 J. Hiles Catech. Organ (1878) ix. 69 The Larigot sounds a perfect fifth above the Fifteenth, and consequently a Nineteenth above the Diapasons.
1954 Grove's Dict. Music (ed. 5) VI. 355/2 Larigot, a quiet stop giving the nineteenth above any note.
b. An organ stop sounding tones at the interval of a nineteenth above the diapason.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > keyboard instrument > organ > [noun] > stop > mutation stops > specific
twelfth1613
nineteenth1819
seventeenth1819
quint1855
1819 A. Rees et al. Cyclopædia XXV. at Organ Open Pipes.—The prestant,..open flute, twelfth, fifteenth, tierce or seventeenth, larigot or nineteenth, and twenty-second.
1876 J. Hiles Catech. Organ (1878) ix. 69 Larigot, Nineteenth, Octave Twelfth, a small metal Mutation stop.
1954 Grove's Dict. Music (ed. 5) VI. 356/2 Nineteenth, an open flue stop of 1⅓-ft. pitch, which may appear as a separate rank under the name Larigot or as a rank in a mixture stop.
3. Each of nineteen equal parts into which something is or may be divided; a fraction which, when multiplied by nineteen, gives one.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [noun] > nineteen things, persons, etc. > a nineteenth
nineteena1572
nineteenth1755
1755 Philos. Trans. 1754 (Royal Soc.) 48 539 The errors of each interval, in the other comparisons, were, in order, two-seventeenths, one-nineteenth, one-twentieth..the greatest errors being where the spaces were the shortest.
1840 Jrnl. Statist. Soc. 3 66 The number of brothels, or better kind of houses of ill-fame, is small; but that of the lowest kind of such houses is very large, amounting to one-nineteenth of the whole number.
1869 Putnam's Mag. July 48 Eighteen out of twenty-one Members of Assembly, Fourteen-nineteenths of the Common Council and Eight-tenths of the Supervisors.
1883 Science 32 354 Their last canon adopted the length of the middle finger as the standard, reckoning it precisely one-nineteenth of the entire stature.
1916 Econ. Jrnl. 26 14 The holding of Rentes is one-nineteenth the average size of the holding of Consols.
1963 Population Index 29 347 In the United States in that year nearly half the brides in first marriages were under 20, but in Japan only one-nineteenth of them were that young.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.eOE
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