nimv.

Brit.

/nɪm/, U.S.

/nɪm/

Forms: 1. Present stem. a. Infinitive Old English neoman (chiefly Mercian), Old English niman, Old English nimon (rare), Old English nioma (Northumbrian), Old English nioman (Mercian and Kentish), Old English niomma (Northumbrian), Old English numma (rare), Old English nyman, late Old English nimen, late Old English nymen, early Middle English neome (south-west midlands), early Middle English nimenn ( Ormulum), Middle English myme (transmission error), Middle English name (rare), Middle English neme, Middle English nime, Middle English nome (rare), Middle English nomme (rare), Middle English num (rare), Middle English numme (rare), Middle English nym, Middle English nyme, Middle English nymme, Middle English 1600s nim, 1600s nimme. b. Present indicative: 1st singular Old English neome (Mercian), Old English nimo (Northumbrian), Old English niomu (Mercian), Old English–Middle English nime, Old English–Middle English nyme, 1700s nim; 2nd singular Old English nimmes (Northumbrian), Old English (early Middle English southern) nimest, Old English (early Middle English southern) nimst, Old English (early Middle English southern) nymst, Old English (Northumbrian) Middle English– nimes, early Middle English nemest, early Middle English nemst (southern), early Middle English nimesst ( Ormulum), early Middle English nymest; 3rd singular Old English nymþ, Old English nymð, Old English (Northumbrian) late Old English– nimmeð, Old English (early Middle English southern) nimð, Old English–Middle English nimeþ, Old English–Middle English nimeð, Old English–Middle English nimþ (southern), Old English–Middle English nymeþ, Old English–Middle English nymeð, late Old English nimyð, late Old English nymyð, early Middle English nemð (south-east midlands), early Middle English nimæþ, Middle English mimþ (transmission error), Middle English nemeþ, Middle English nimȝ (transmission error), Middle English nomeþ, Middle English nymes, Middle English nymez, Middle English nymmes, Middle English nymmez, Middle English nymmyȝthte (transmission error), 1600s nimmes, 1600s– nims; plural Old English neomaþ (chiefly Anglian), Old English neomað (chiefly Anglian), Old English niamað (chiefly Anglian), Old English nimaþ, Old English nimað, Old English niomas (Northumbrian), Old English niomaþ (chiefly Anglian), Old English niomað (chiefly Anglian), Old English nymaþ, Old English nymað, late Old English nimæþ, late Old English nymeð, early Middle English nemeeð, early Middle English nimæð, early Middle English nimeð, early Middle English nomeð, Middle English neme, Middle English nemeþ, Middle English nemeð, Middle English nimeþ, Middle English nomes, Middle English nomeþ, Middle English nymes, Middle English nymeþ, 1600s– nim. c. Subjunctive singular Old English–Middle English nime, Old English–Middle English nyme; plural Old English nimon (rare), Old English nymon (rare), Old English–early Middle English nimen, early Middle English neomen. d. Imperative singular Old English (rare)–early Middle English nem, Old English (rare)–early Middle English neome, Old English (rare)–early Middle English nimm, Old English–1500s nym, Old English– nim, Middle English neme, Middle English nime, Middle English nyme, Middle English nymme; plural Old English nimaþ, Old English niomas (Northumbrian), Old English nymað, Old English–early Middle English nimað, late Old English nemet (rare), late Old English nimad (transmission error), late Old English nimæþ, late Old English nimat, late Old English nimiað (transmission error), late Old English–early Middle English nimeth, early Middle English nemeð, early Middle English neomeð, early Middle English numeð, Middle English nemeþ, Middle English nemyth, Middle English nim (before personal pronoun), Middle English nime (before personal pronoun), Middle English nimed, Middle English nimeþ, Middle English nimeð, Middle English nimmes, Middle English nymes, Middle English nymeþ, Middle English nymeth, Middle English nymmeþ, Middle English nymmeth, Middle English nymyþ, late Middle English nempnyth (archaic, probably transmission error), 1500s nempt (archaic, probably transmission error), 1600s nemp (archaic, probably transmission error). eOE (Kentish) Will of Abba (Sawyer 1482) in F. E. Harmer Sel. Eng. Hist. Docs. 9th & 10th Cent. (1914) 3 Gif..hire liofre sie oðer hemed to niomanne.eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) cxxxvi. 9 Beatus qui tenebit et adlidet paruulos suos ad petram : eadig se nimeð & gecnyseð ða litlan his to stane.eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xx. 48 Þonne nimað hi hiora [men] mid him.OE Blickling Homilies 127 Manige men þær þa moldan neomaþ on þæm lastum.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1126 Let se kyning nimen his broðer Rotbert.a1275 St. Margaret (Trin. Cambr.) l. 268 in A. S. M. Clark Seint Maregrete & Body & Soul (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Michigan) (1972) 98 Spred þin hond ant nym my swerd.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13395 Þu me woldest aquellen. Nimen mine castles alle.a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2362 He bad cartes and waines nimen.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 17293 Þai send sergantz for to nym both sir nichodem & him.?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 8582 At þe Iues ensample nimmes [a1450 Lamb. nymes].c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiii. 373 A fote londe or a forwe..I wolde..nymen of his erthe.a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 7869 Nymeþ out ȝour sexes when y so say.a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 6 Þan neme þin grwel an do þer-to.a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 32 Nyme gode Mylke of Almaundys.1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. biiij Go and retriue moo and she will nym plente.a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (?1555) i. sig. B.ii^v Iche cham a Cornyshe man,..Nym me a quart of ale, that iche may it of sup.1630 J. Taylor Wks. 8/2 The thieuing knaue the purse he nimbly nims.1770 T. Bridges Burlesque Transl. Homer (ed. 3) II. xii. 261 A fellow that would nim a smock From of a hedge if it was loose.1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) (at cited word) ‘Nim to the corner, an' see if a's a-comin.’1923 R. Graves Whipperginny 44 The Knave of Hearts Nims the Queen's rose and cocks it in his cap Furtively. 2. Past tense.

α. 1st and 3rd singular early Old English Middle English noom, Old English–Middle English nom, Middle English nome, Middle English noome (in a late copy), Middle English num; Scottish pre-1700 nom, pre-1700 nome; 2nd singular Old English–Middle English nome; plural early Old English nomun, early Old English noumun (rare), Old English noman (rare), Old English–early Middle English nomon, early Middle English numan, early Middle English numen (rare), Middle English nom, Middle English noman, Middle English nome, Middle English nomen, Middle English nonen (transmission error), Middle English noom; Scottish pre-1700 nom, pre-1700 nome. eOE Corpus Gloss. (1890) 22/2 Auserunt, nomun [eOE Erfurt Gloss. noumun], hlodun.eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) lxxii. 19 (24) Tenuisti manum dexteram meam : ðu nome hond ða swiðran mine.eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 787 Her nom Beorhtric cyning Offan dohtor Eadburge.OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Mark viii. 20 Quot sportas fragmentorum tulistis : huu monig ceolas ðæra screadunga gie nomon?a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 3 Heo nomen þe asse and here colt.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12699 Arður nom an honde. fifti þusend cnihtes kene.a1300 Passion our Lord 379 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 48 Þe knyhtes hyne nomen.a1300 Passion our Lord 438 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 49 Hi nome twey þeoues.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 45 An archer..nom [c1450 Bk. Vices & Virtues tok] his boȝe and ssat an heȝ.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 20690 Of hir bodi mi flexs i nom.c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 1613 Danyel..caȝt watz in þe captyvide in cuntre of Jues; Nabuzardan hym nome.c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xx. 9 Þow nome namore þan nede þe tauȝte.a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 706 Þe quene þorow treson þey nomen.a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 23 He was þe twolthe kynge þat in Westsex cristyndam nome.?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 2056 Cuthbert to halyeland come And þe priory on him he nome.1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) x. l. 1118 Maxwell..On to the Sotheroun the gaynest wayis nom.

β. 1st and 3rd singular Old English–Middle English nam, early Middle English næm, early Middle English namm ( Ormulum), early Middle English nan (transmission error), Middle English naam, Middle English name; plural early Old English naamun, Old English naman (rare), Old English namon, late Old English–Middle English namen, early Middle English naman, Middle English nam, Middle English name. eOE Épinal Gloss. (1974) 8 Auserunt, naamun.eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 866 [Hie] wintersetl namon on Eastenglum.OE Blickling Homilies 31 Þas cyþnesse Drihten nam of þisse wisan.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1010 Þær namon [hi]..swa mycel swa hi woldon sylfe.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1127 Þa nam he þes kynges wifes swuster of France to wife.a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 23 He heregede helle and nan [read nam] ut mid him alle þe him hadden ar wel hersumed.a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2840 Moyses..hise childre wið him nam.c1395 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Tale 1297 This chanoun it in hise handes nam And of that coper weyed out but an ounce.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 20105 Þan name [a1400 Fairf. toke] þe apostil..In-til his keping þat maidan.?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 36 After þe Bretons þe Inglis camen, þe lordschip of þis lande þai namen.1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 1091 To petyr and poule, his hors he nam, And vnnethe that nyht to Souters cam.?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 310 He..besoght him..Þat a childe in his kyngdome Now late borne he myght him name And as his awen to kepe and fede.a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 2189 Of þe foure elementis God nam, And þerof he made faire Adam.c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 792 Eneas it name & in note hade.

γ. Singular Middle English nem, Middle English neme, Middle English nym, Middle English nyme; plural early Middle English neme, early Middle English nemen, early Middle English nemyn, early Middle English neome, early Middle English neomen. c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) 332 Hii neme [c1275 Calig. nomen] anne herindrake, þat god was to neode.c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) 60 Þhe pains come to londe & neme hit in here honde.c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 505 Bot Noe of uche honest kynde nem out an odde.?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 3540 Þis preste..wist what giftes he gaf or nym.?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 7469 Grete tresure fra þe kyrke he nyme.

δ. Singular and plural (and past participle) 1600s nempt, 1600s nimbd, 1600s nimb'd, 1600s nimbd'st (2nd singular), 1600s nimde, 1600s 1800s nim'd, 1600s– nimm'd, 1600s– nimmed. 1606 J. Day Ile of Guls sig. E4^v As I led him to his Chamber, I nimde his Chayne, and drew his Purse.1630 J. Lane Contin. Squire's Tale (Chaucer Soc.) 116 Ducello..killd each one that in his mowth hee nempt.1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. i. 45 They'l question Mars, and by his look Detect who 'twas that nimm'd a Cloke.1728 J. Gay Beggar's Opera ii. x. 33 I expect the Gentleman about this Snuff-box, that Filch nimm'd two nights ago in the Park.1898 W. E. Henley Beef-eater in London Types He shows that Crown the desperate Colonel nimmed.1937 W. de la Mare Apple-fall in This Year, Next Year Twenty went to Botany Bay; ten of them on crutches. And the last of them nimmed the clouts that lay a-beaching [read a-bleaching] on the bushes!

3. Past participle.

α. Old English–Middle English numen, Middle English nomen, Middle English nomin, Middle English nomman, Middle English nommen, Middle English nommin, Middle English nommyn, Middle English nomyn, Middle English nomyne, Middle English nummen, Middle English nummun, Middle English numnend (transmission error), Middle English nymen; Scottish pre-1700 nomin, pre-1700 nommin, pre-1700 nommyn, pre-1700 nommyne, pre-1700 nummyn, pre-1700 nummyne, pre-1700 numyn, pre-1700 numyng.

β. Old English genumen, Old English genummen (chiefly Northumbrian), Old English ginumen (chiefly Northumbrian), Old English ginumun (rare), late Old English genuman, early Middle English ȝenomen, Middle English inomen, Middle English inomin, Middle English inumæn, Middle English inumen, Middle English inumene, Middle English ynomen. eOE Épinal Gloss. (1974) 7 Ade[m]pto, ginumni.eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xviii. 42 Eall þæt his fennas & moras genumen h[abb]að.OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xiii. 12 Quod habet auferetur ab eo : þæt [he] hæfis genummen bið from him.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1124 Willelm hefde numen Fulkes eorles gingre dohter to wife of Angeow.c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 25 Þe salmes beoð inumene efter þe fif leattres of ure leafdis nome.a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2268 Wel fagen he was of here come For he was numen ðor to nome.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 5272 Wit il consail þan was i nummen.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 7059 In his time was troi nomyn.c1480 (a1400) St. Nicholas 918 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 507 Quhen þe Iou ham wes cumyne, & fand his gudis a-way nummyne.a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) 1094 So sall þi name..be nomyn in-to mynde.a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) ii. xi. 101 Nor neuir abak..Blent I agane, nor perfite mynd has nummyn.1607 (?a1425) Chester Plays (Harl. 2124) ii. 401 Which prophesy done shall be, When I my Realm haue nomman.

γ. Middle English enome, Middle English ȝenume, Middle English imune (transmission error), Middle English innome (rare), Middle English inome, Middle English inume, Middle English invm, Middle English jnome, Middle English ynom, Middle English ynome, Middle English ynume; Scottish pre-1700 ynom. a1225 MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 71 We habben him swa wel imune [prob. read inume], Þat þe saule mote to him cume.a1300 Passion our Lord 206 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 43 So me doþ to þeoue þat schal beon ynume.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 165 Huo þet heþ þane guode way ynome, hit be-houeþ [etc.].c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 1105 Speke we..Of Erld Olyuer..þat Sarazyns habbeþ ynome.c1410 (c1350) Gamelyn (Harl. 7334) 119 Whan þat euerich of hem a staf had i-nome.a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) 495 When body and soule togeder schal come And the gode to ioye be I-nome.1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ix. l. 177 [They] Leyt salys fall and has thar cours ynom.

δ. Middle English nom, Middle English nome, Middle English nomme, Middle English none (transmission error), Middle English noom, Middle English noome, Middle English nume, Middle English–1500s num; Scottish pre-1700 nome. c1330 (?c1300) Amis & Amiloun (Auch.) (1937) 2374 He hadde þe keys nome.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 12730 We sal to heuen com Quen we o þis werld es nom [a1400 Gött. num].c1410 (c1350) Gamelyn (Harl. 7334) 584 They ben swore togidere þat we schul be nome.c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 1777 Al alone hys wey than hath he nome.a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 10824 Whilk of þem were ouer-come Or slayn or wyþ force nome.?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 1542 My heele, my tonge, bes fra me nome.a1475 Bk. Hawking (Harl. 2340) in Studia Neophilol. (1944) 16 9 In kyndely spech ye schull say þat your hauke hat nome a foule, and not j-take.1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) i. l. 124 At Canmor syne king Fergus has it nome.1566 J. Partridge Worthie Hystorie Plasidas b iij b Pandauola in her armes Her Alfyne hath up num.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian nima , nema (West Frisian nimme ), Middle Dutch nēmen (Dutch nemen ), Old Saxon niman , neman (Middle Low German nēmen , neymen , nemmen ), Old High German neman , nemman (Middle High German nemen , German nehmen ), early Scandinavian (runic) -nam (1st singular past indicative; in the compound un-nam I have learned, understood), Old Icelandic nema , Old Swedish nima , nimma (Swedish regional nimma ), Danish nemme , Gothic niman , probably < the Indo-European base of Avestan nəmah- loan, ancient Greek νέμειν to deal out, distribute, hold, possess, occupy (compare nemesis n.), although the semantic development is difficult to account for.An alternative etymology derives the word from the Indo-European base of classical Latin emere to take, buy (compare emption n.), Russian regional njat′ to take, seize, get, Ukrainian njaty to take, Belorussian njac′ to take, grasp, Latvian ņemt to take (the latter probably influenced by Germanic). However, the initial n- in these Slavonic and Baltic forms is said to be secondary: compare Old Church Slavonic jęti (1st person singular imǫ ) to take, seize, Lithuanian imti (1st person singular ima ) to take, gather in, begin. Attempts to explain the difference as resulting from ‘rhyme variation’ (compare F. Kluge Etymologisches Wörterbuch (ed. 23, 1995) 585/1) or from a prefix ni- (compare H. A. Hirt Indogermanische Grammatik (1921) I. 328) are unconvincing. In Old English a strong verb of Class IV of which the expected forms of 1st and 3rd singular past indicative and plural past indicative are nam and nōmon respectively; the forms nōm and nāmon are analogical (compare α and β forms at Forms 2); in general, forms in -o- are characteristic of Anglian dialects, and forms in -a- are characteristic of West Saxon or Kentish (for a rare Anglian past plural form in ā see quot. eOE¹ at β. forms). Occasional forms of the present stem in -a- , -o- , or -u- in Old English and (especially) Middle English show extension of the vowel of the past tense and past participle to the present tense and infinitive. In Middle English past tense forms with the vowel of the present stem are also attested (compare γ forms at Forms 2) adding to the confusion of forms; by the beginning of the 17th cent. the verb had gone over entirely to the weak conjugation (compare δ forms at Forms 2). In most of its applications nim corresponds to various senses of take v. (a Scandinavian loan, which was ultimately to replace it in all senses), although nim remained in common use down to the 15th cent. During the 16th cent. there are few traces of it, but immediately after 1600 it reappears (with weak past tense and past participle) as a slang or colloquial word in the sense of ‘to steal’ (see sense 3), and is very common in this use throughout the 17th cent. Compare also the name of Corporal Nim , a character in Shakespeare's Henry V and The Merry Wives of Windsor, probably after the verb in this sense. In Old English the prefixed form geniman is also attested (which survived into early Middle English as inime ); compare also Old English ætniman to take away (compare at- prefix²), animan anim v., beniman benim v., forniman fornim v., ofniman to fail (compare of- prefix), oferniman overnim v., tōniman to separate (compare to- prefix²), underniman undernim v., ūpniman upnim v., and early Middle English forthnim v., misnim v., through-nim vb. at through- prefix 1, withnim vb. at with- prefix 1.

Now archaic and English regional (rare).

†1. transitive. = take v. in various senses, esp. to get into one's hands, to get hold of, pick up; to appropriate, to acquire; to seize, to capture, to catch; to cause to accompany, to bring; to take up, to enter into, to undertake. Obsolete.For examples of the frequent Middle English phrases to nim gome (also heed, yeme) see under the nouns.See Middle Eng. Dict. at nimen v. for a more extensive review of senses in Middle English.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > [verb (intransitive)]

nimeOE

becomec885

teec888

goeOE

i-goc900

lithec900

wendeOE

i-farec950

yongc950

to wend one's streetOE

fare971

i-wende971

shakeOE

winda1000

meteOE

wendOE

strikec1175

seekc1200

wevec1200

drawa1225

stira1225

glidea1275

kenc1275

movec1275

teemc1275

tightc1275

till1297

chevec1300

strake13..

travelc1300

choosec1320

to choose one's gatea1325

journeyc1330

reachc1330

repairc1330

wisec1330

cairc1340

covera1375

dressa1375

passa1375

tenda1375

puta1382

proceedc1392

doa1400

fanda1400

haunta1400

snya1400

take?a1400

thrilla1400

trace?a1400

trinea1400

fangc1400

to make (also have) resortc1425

to make one's repair (to)c1425

resort1429

ayrec1440

havea1450

speer?c1450

rokec1475

wina1500

hent1508

persevere?1521

pursuec1540

rechec1540

yede1563

bing1567

march1568

to go one's ways1581

groyl1582

yode1587

sally1590

track1590

way1596

frame1609

trickle1629

recur1654

wag1684

fadge1694

haul1802

hike1809

to get around1849

riddle1856

bat1867

biff1923

truck1925

the mind > possession > taking > take [verb (transitive)]

nimeOE

haveeOE

atleada1000

latchc1000

take?a1160

takec1175

hentc1300

catcha1382

privea1387

nighc1400

betakec1420

fonc1425

prend1447

win1515

eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter: Canticles & Hymns (1965) i Ipse misit angelum suum et tulit me de ouibus patris mei : he sende engel his & nom mec of scepum feadur mines.

eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xxix. 67 Ða hlafordas n [a] man swa hwæt swa hi hæfden.

OE Blickling Homilies 69 Hie naman blowende palmtwigu.

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1015 Se cyng þa genam eall heora æhta, & het nimon Sigeferðes lafe.

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 29 Þu eart inumen in þon ilke þonke.

c1300 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Cambr.) (1966) l. 20 To þe hauene hi beoþ icume, And þer habbeþ here in inome.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 17293 (MED) Þai send sergantz for to nym both sir nichodem & him.

?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 4100 (MED) Felgyld next come eftir him, Þe lyfe of ankyr þare to nym.

a1500 (?a1400) Morte Arthur (1903) 2258 (MED) The popis lettre oute he nome..And bade them do the popis dome.

c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 792 Eneas it name & in note hade.

a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (?1555) i. sig. Bii^v Iche cham a Cornyshe man,..Nym me a quart of ale, that iche may it of sup.

1630 J. Lane Contin. Squire's Tale (Chaucer Soc.) 116 Ducello..killd each one that in his mowth hee nempt.

†a. intransitive. To make one's way, to proceed, to go; = take v. 60. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > progressive motion > move along [verb (intransitive)]

goeOE

lithec900

nimOE

fare971

shakeOE

strikea1000

gangOE

gengOE

seekc1000

glidea1275

wevec1300

hove1390

drevea1400

sway?a1400

wainc1540

discoursea1547

yede1563

trot1612

to get along1683

locomove1792

locomote1831

OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xxi. 21 Si monti huic dixeritis tolle et iacta te in mare : gif more ðissum gie cuedes nim & worpas in sæ.

lOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Bodl.) xvi. 34 Se is eower agen, & þonan ge noman [eOE Otho comon].

c1225 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Bodl.) (1938) 36 (MED) Ga..into þi lauerdes blisse..for in þe ne mei hit nanesweis neomen in.

a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) 67 He neweð him ðis man ðanne he nimeð to kirke.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 744 In-to sichem..he nam, And ðeðen he nam to mirie dale.

c1330 Adam & Eve (Auch.) 443 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 144 Out of her siȝt oway he nam, Þai nist neuer whar he bicam.

a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 8164 (MED) Euery day to scole she nam [glossed ȝede].

a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) 2400 (MED) The forster..Rose erlie and to hir chambre name.

a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 9308 (MED) After þe synne of Adam, Euery man vnto helle nam.

1591 (?a1425) Harrowing of Hell (Huntington) in R. M. Lumiansky & D. Mill Chester Myst. Cycle (1974) I. 336 (MED) Hederward I nome [v.r. hither the way I noome].

b. intransitive. Chiefly English regional (midlands and northern). To walk with short light steps. Frequently with along.

ΚΠ

1783 J. Losh MS Coll. N. Country Words in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 273/1 Nim [to walk with quick, short steps; to walk briskly and lightly or mincingly].

1876 C. C. Robinson Gloss. Words Dial. Mid-Yorks. (at cited word) The old lady does nim along.

1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) (at cited word) ‘Nim to the corner, an' see if a's a-comin.’ ‘Shay nimmed off loike a shot, soon as ivver shay set oys of 'im.’

a1903 T. Kipling in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 273/1 [North Yorkshire] She is a capital walker: she nims along famously.

3. colloquial and slang after 16th cent.

a. transitive. To appropriate (something not one's own); to steal, to filch, to pilfer (something). Now archaic and English regional (rare).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > pilfer [verb (transitive)]

mitcha1393

pelfa1400

purloinc1475

prowl?1529

finger1530

pilfer1532

lurchc1565

filch1567

filch1574

proloyne1581

nim1606

hook1615

truff1718

snaffle1725

crib1735

pettifog1759

magg1762

niffle1785

cabbage1793

weed1811

nibble1819

cab1825

smouch1826

snuga1859

mooch1862

attract1891

souvenir1897

rat1906

snipe1909

promote1918

salvage1918

smooch1941

OE Poenitentiale Theodori & Capitula d'Acheriana (Brussels) in F. J. Mone Quellen u. Forschungen zur Geschichte der teutschen Literatur u. Sprache (1830) 527 Ne bið alyfeð æt þam þeowan his feoh to nimanne, þæt he mid his swynce begiteð.

OE tr. Alcuin De Virtutibus et Vitiis (Nero) in R. Torkar Eine altenglische Übersetzung von Alcuins De Virtutibus et Vitiis (1981) 253 Yfelra gerefena þeaw ys, þæt hi nymað ælcwiht & uneaðe hi þam þearfiendum lytles hwæt læfað.

lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 1102 On Pentecosten mæssan wuce, þa coman þeofas..& breokan þa mynstre of Burh & þær inne naman mycel to gode on golde & on seolfre.

a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 29 Reueres þet nemeð oðres monnes eahte.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 993 Al heora god we sculen nimen & lutel hem læuen.

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 9 Þis heste uns uorbyet to nimene and of-hyealde oþre manne þing.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 1112 (MED) God..flemed Adam For þat appel þat he nam.

?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 7469 (MED) Grete tresure fra þe kyrke he nyme..he toke all þat he myght reue.

1606 J. Day Ile of Guls sig. E4^v As I led him to his Chamber, I nimde his Chayne, and drew his Purse.

1651 H. More Second Lash of Alazanomastix in Enthusiasmus Triumphatus (1656) 81 Your quotation..is no new notion, but nimmed out of Philo.

1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. i. 45 They'l question Mars, and by his look Detect who 'twas that nimm'd a Cloke.

1692 R. L'Estrange Fables (1694) 218 They..would still be nimming something or other for the very love of thieving.

1728 J. Gay Beggar's Opera ii. x. 33 I expect the Gentleman about this Snuff-box, that Filch nimm'd two nights ago in the Park.

1770 T. Bridges Burlesque Transl. Homer (ed. 3) II. xii. 261 A fellow that would nim a smock From of a hedge if it was loose.

1835 G. P. R. James Gipsy ii Tiny Dick..had very near been caught in nimming it off the edge of the common.

1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) (at cited word) ‘Ah nimmed it off on 'im’, would be as applicable to an open as to a surreptitious taking away.

1898 W. E. Henley Beef-eater in London Types He shows that Crown the desperate Colonel nimmed.

1900 W. Foster Lett. received by E. India Co. IV. 229 To nim was to take or steal; hence Shakespeare's Corporal Nym.

1923 R. Graves Whipperginny in Coll. Poems (1999) I. 164 The Knave of Hearts Nims the Queen's rose and cocks it in his cap Furtively.

1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. (at cited word) He nimm'd oop me skep an' off wiv't taam me baack wes tonn'd.

1937 W. de la Mare Apple-fall in W. de la Mare & H. Jones This Year: Next Year Twenty went to Botany Bay; ten of them on crutches, And the last of them nimmed the clouts that lay a-bleaching on the bushes!

†b. transitive. With away, off. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1608 T. Middleton Your Fiue Gallants sig. A4^v You shal liue at ease inough: for nimming away iewells and fauours from Gentlemen.

a1635 R. Corbet Poems (1807) 28 Looking in their plate He nimmes away their coyne.

1669 Nicker Nicked in Harl. Misc. (1744) II. 96 Some will nim off the Gold Buttons of your Cloke, or steal the Cloke itself.

†4. intransitive. slang. To steal, to pilfer, to thieve. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > pilfer [verb (intransitive)]

pelfa1400

picka1555

befilch1566

filch1567

pilch1573

lurch1593

purloin1611

nim1622

shirk1709

pilfer1729

maraud1770

souvenir1897

1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir ii. sig. F Hir. Spungius y'are a picke-pocket. Spun. Hircius thou hast nimb'd—..not so much money is left as will buy a louse.

1663 J. Mayne tr. Lucian Part of Lucian sig. F1^v His mother sayes he stayes not in heaven by night, but that he may be nimming, goes down to hell, and pilfers there to.

a1763 J. Byrom Nimmers 27 Nim? yes, yes, yes, let's nim with all my heart.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	nim
释义	† nimn.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: nim v. Etymology: < nim v. cant. Obsolete. rare. A thief. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > thief > [noun] thief688 bribera1387 stealer1508 taker?a1513 goodfellow1566 snatcher1575 lift1591 liftera1592 larcin1596 Tartar1602 lime-twig1606 outparter1607 Tartarian1608 flick1610 puggard1611 gilt1620 nim1630 highwayman1652 cloyer1659 out-trader1660 Robin Goodfellow1680 birdlime1705 gyp1728 filch1775 kiddy1780 snaveller1781 larcenist1803 pincher1814 geach1821 wharf-rat1823 toucher1837 larcener1839 snammer1839 drummer1856 gun1857 forker1867 gunsmith1869 nabber1880 thiever1899 tea-leaf1903 gun moll1908 nicker1909 knocker-off1926 possum1945 scuffler1961 rip-off1969 1630 J. Taylor Wks. i. 71 To arrant Thieves..To Sharkes, Stales, Nims, Lifts, Foysts, Cheats. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2021). nimn.² Brit. /nɪm/, U.S. /nɪm/ Forms: also with capital initial. Origin: A borrowing from German. Etymons: German nimm, nehmen. Etymology: < German nimm, imperative of nehmen to take, cognate with nim v..Named by C. L. Bouton (compare quot. 1901). A game in which two players alternately take one or more objects from one of a number of heaps, each trying to take, or to compel the other to take, the last remaining object. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > other specific games > [noun] > others sitisota1400 papsea1450 half-bowl1477 pluck at the crow1523 white and black1555 running game1581 blow-pointa1586 hot cocklesa1586 one penny1585 cockelty bread1595 pouch1600 venter-point1600 hinch-pinch1603 hardhead1606 poor and rich1621 rowland-hoe1622 hubbub1634 handicap?a1653 owl1653 ostomachy1656 prelledsa1660 quarter-spellsa1660 yert-point1659 bob-her1702 score1710 parson has lost his cloak1712 drop (also throw) (the) handkerchief1754 French Fox1759 goal1765 warpling o' the green1768 start1788 kiss-in-the-ring1801 steal-clothes1809 steal-coat1816 petits paquets1821 bocce1828 graces1831 Jack-in-the-box1836 hot hand1849 sparrow-mumbling1852 Aunt Sally1858 gossip1880 Tambaroora1882 spoof1884 fishpond1892 nim1901 diabolo1906 Kim's game1908 beaver1910 treasure-hunt1913 roll-down1915 rock scissors paper1927 scissors cut paper1927 scissors game1927 the dozens1928 toad in the hole1930 game1932 scissors paper stone1932 Roshambo1936 Marco Polo1938 scavenger hunt1940 skish1940 rock paper scissors1947 to play chicken1949 sounding1962 joning1970 arcade game1978 1901 C. L. Bouton in Ann. Math. 3 35 Nim. A game with a complete mathematical theory..certain forms of it seem to be played at a number of American colleges, and at some of the American fairs. 1939 J. V. Uspensky & M. A. Heaslet Elem. Number Theory i. 16 It should be interesting to present an application of the binary system..to the theory of the game of Nim. 1955 Sci. News Let. 26 Feb. 134/2 A 17-year-old senior at Newton High School..can boast of having an electronic player that almost never loses in the ancient game of wits, known as ‘nim’. 1968 P. N. Corlett & J. D. Tinsley Pract. Programming iv. 66 In a game of Nim..two players move alternately and take any number of matches from one pile, the winner taking the last match. 1990 C. Francome Colin Clown's Party Bk. (BNC) 90 Win the match game Nim... A few simple rules will ensure that you win pretty consistently. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). nimv. Brit. /nɪm/, U.S. /nɪm/ Forms: 1. Present stem. a. Infinitive Old English neoman (chiefly Mercian), Old English niman, Old English nimon (rare), Old English nioma (Northumbrian), Old English nioman (Mercian and Kentish), Old English niomma (Northumbrian), Old English numma (rare), Old English nyman, late Old English nimen, late Old English nymen, early Middle English neome (south-west midlands), early Middle English nimenn ( Ormulum), Middle English myme (transmission error), Middle English name (rare), Middle English neme, Middle English nime, Middle English nome (rare), Middle English nomme (rare), Middle English num (rare), Middle English numme (rare), Middle English nym, Middle English nyme, Middle English nymme, Middle English 1600s nim, 1600s nimme. b. Present indicative: 1st singular Old English neome (Mercian), Old English nimo (Northumbrian), Old English niomu (Mercian), Old English–Middle English nime, Old English–Middle English nyme, 1700s nim; 2nd singular Old English nimmes (Northumbrian), Old English (early Middle English southern) nimest, Old English (early Middle English southern) nimst, Old English (early Middle English southern) nymst, Old English (Northumbrian) Middle English– nimes, early Middle English nemest, early Middle English nemst (southern), early Middle English nimesst ( Ormulum), early Middle English nymest; 3rd singular Old English nymþ, Old English nymð, Old English (Northumbrian) late Old English– nimmeð, Old English (early Middle English southern) nimð, Old English–Middle English nimeþ, Old English–Middle English nimeð, Old English–Middle English nimþ (southern), Old English–Middle English nymeþ, Old English–Middle English nymeð, late Old English nimyð, late Old English nymyð, early Middle English nemð (south-east midlands), early Middle English nimæþ, Middle English mimþ (transmission error), Middle English nemeþ, Middle English nimȝ (transmission error), Middle English nomeþ, Middle English nymes, Middle English nymez, Middle English nymmes, Middle English nymmez, Middle English nymmyȝthte (transmission error), 1600s nimmes, 1600s– nims; plural Old English neomaþ (chiefly Anglian), Old English neomað (chiefly Anglian), Old English niamað (chiefly Anglian), Old English nimaþ, Old English nimað, Old English niomas (Northumbrian), Old English niomaþ (chiefly Anglian), Old English niomað (chiefly Anglian), Old English nymaþ, Old English nymað, late Old English nimæþ, late Old English nymeð, early Middle English nemeeð, early Middle English nimæð, early Middle English nimeð, early Middle English nomeð, Middle English neme, Middle English nemeþ, Middle English nemeð, Middle English nimeþ, Middle English nomes, Middle English nomeþ, Middle English nymes, Middle English nymeþ, 1600s– nim. c. Subjunctive singular Old English–Middle English nime, Old English–Middle English nyme; plural Old English nimon (rare), Old English nymon (rare), Old English–early Middle English nimen, early Middle English neomen. d. Imperative singular Old English (rare)–early Middle English nem, Old English (rare)–early Middle English neome, Old English (rare)–early Middle English nimm, Old English–1500s nym, Old English– nim, Middle English neme, Middle English nime, Middle English nyme, Middle English nymme; plural Old English nimaþ, Old English niomas (Northumbrian), Old English nymað, Old English–early Middle English nimað, late Old English nemet (rare), late Old English nimad (transmission error), late Old English nimæþ, late Old English nimat, late Old English nimiað (transmission error), late Old English–early Middle English nimeth, early Middle English nemeð, early Middle English neomeð, early Middle English numeð, Middle English nemeþ, Middle English nemyth, Middle English nim (before personal pronoun), Middle English nime (before personal pronoun), Middle English nimed, Middle English nimeþ, Middle English nimeð, Middle English nimmes, Middle English nymes, Middle English nymeþ, Middle English nymeth, Middle English nymmeþ, Middle English nymmeth, Middle English nymyþ, late Middle English nempnyth (archaic, probably transmission error), 1500s nempt (archaic, probably transmission error), 1600s nemp (archaic, probably transmission error). eOE (Kentish) Will of Abba (Sawyer 1482) in F. E. Harmer Sel. Eng. Hist. Docs. 9th & 10th Cent. (1914) 3 Gif..hire liofre sie oðer hemed to niomanne.eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) cxxxvi. 9 Beatus qui tenebit et adlidet paruulos suos ad petram : eadig se nimeð & gecnyseð ða litlan his to stane.eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xx. 48 Þonne nimað hi hiora [men] mid him.OE Blickling Homilies 127 Manige men þær þa moldan neomaþ on þæm lastum.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1126 Let se kyning nimen his broðer Rotbert.a1275 St. Margaret (Trin. Cambr.) l. 268 in A. S. M. Clark Seint Maregrete & Body & Soul (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Michigan) (1972) 98 Spred þin hond ant nym my swerd.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13395 Þu me woldest aquellen. Nimen mine castles alle.a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2362 He bad cartes and waines nimen.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 17293 Þai send sergantz for to nym both sir nichodem & him.?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 8582 At þe Iues ensample nimmes [a1450 Lamb. nymes].c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiii. 373 A fote londe or a forwe..I wolde..nymen of his erthe.a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 7869 Nymeþ out ȝour sexes when y so say.a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 6 Þan neme þin grwel an do þer-to.a1450 in T. Austin Two 15th-cent. Cookery-bks. (1888) 32 Nyme gode Mylke of Almaundys.1486 Bk. St. Albans sig. biiij Go and retriue moo and she will nym plente.a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (?1555) i. sig. B.ii^v Iche cham a Cornyshe man,..Nym me a quart of ale, that iche may it of sup.1630 J. Taylor Wks. 8/2 The thieuing knaue the purse he nimbly nims.1770 T. Bridges Burlesque Transl. Homer (ed. 3) II. xii. 261 A fellow that would nim a smock From of a hedge if it was loose.1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) (at cited word) ‘Nim to the corner, an' see if a's a-comin.’1923 R. Graves Whipperginny 44 The Knave of Hearts Nims the Queen's rose and cocks it in his cap Furtively. 2. Past tense. α. 1st and 3rd singular early Old English Middle English noom, Old English–Middle English nom, Middle English nome, Middle English noome (in a late copy), Middle English num; Scottish pre-1700 nom, pre-1700 nome; 2nd singular Old English–Middle English nome; plural early Old English nomun, early Old English noumun (rare), Old English noman (rare), Old English–early Middle English nomon, early Middle English numan, early Middle English numen (rare), Middle English nom, Middle English noman, Middle English nome, Middle English nomen, Middle English nonen (transmission error), Middle English noom; Scottish pre-1700 nom, pre-1700 nome. eOE Corpus Gloss. (1890) 22/2 Auserunt, nomun [eOE Erfurt Gloss. noumun], hlodun.eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) lxxii. 19 (24) Tenuisti manum dexteram meam : ðu nome hond ða swiðran mine.eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 787 Her nom Beorhtric cyning Offan dohtor Eadburge.OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Mark viii. 20 Quot sportas fragmentorum tulistis : huu monig ceolas ðæra screadunga gie nomon?a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 3 Heo nomen þe asse and here colt.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12699 Arður nom an honde. fifti þusend cnihtes kene.a1300 Passion our Lord 379 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 48 Þe knyhtes hyne nomen.a1300 Passion our Lord 438 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 49 Hi nome twey þeoues.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 45 An archer..nom [c1450 Bk. Vices & Virtues tok] his boȝe and ssat an heȝ.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 20690 Of hir bodi mi flexs i nom.c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 1613 Danyel..caȝt watz in þe captyvide in cuntre of Jues; Nabuzardan hym nome.c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xx. 9 Þow nome namore þan nede þe tauȝte.a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 706 Þe quene þorow treson þey nomen.a1450 St. Edith (Faust.) (1883) 23 He was þe twolthe kynge þat in Westsex cristyndam nome.?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 2056 Cuthbert to halyeland come And þe priory on him he nome.1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) x. l. 1118 Maxwell..On to the Sotheroun the gaynest wayis nom. β. 1st and 3rd singular Old English–Middle English nam, early Middle English næm, early Middle English namm ( Ormulum), early Middle English nan (transmission error), Middle English naam, Middle English name; plural early Old English naamun, Old English naman (rare), Old English namon, late Old English–Middle English namen, early Middle English naman, Middle English nam, Middle English name. eOE Épinal Gloss. (1974) 8 Auserunt, naamun.eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 866 [Hie] wintersetl namon on Eastenglum.OE Blickling Homilies 31 Þas cyþnesse Drihten nam of þisse wisan.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1010 Þær namon [hi]..swa mycel swa hi woldon sylfe.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1127 Þa nam he þes kynges wifes swuster of France to wife.a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 23 He heregede helle and nan [read nam] ut mid him alle þe him hadden ar wel hersumed.a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2840 Moyses..hise childre wið him nam.c1395 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Tale 1297 This chanoun it in hise handes nam And of that coper weyed out but an ounce.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 20105 Þan name [a1400 Fairf. toke] þe apostil..In-til his keping þat maidan.?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 36 After þe Bretons þe Inglis camen, þe lordschip of þis lande þai namen.1447 O. Bokenham Lives of Saints (Arun.) (1938) 1091 To petyr and poule, his hors he nam, And vnnethe that nyht to Souters cam.?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 310 He..besoght him..Þat a childe in his kyngdome Now late borne he myght him name And as his awen to kepe and fede.a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 2189 Of þe foure elementis God nam, And þerof he made faire Adam.c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 792 Eneas it name & in note hade. γ. Singular Middle English nem, Middle English neme, Middle English nym, Middle English nyme; plural early Middle English neme, early Middle English nemen, early Middle English nemyn, early Middle English neome, early Middle English neomen. c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) 332 Hii neme [c1275 Calig. nomen] anne herindrake, þat god was to neode.c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Cambr.) (1901) 60 Þhe pains come to londe & neme hit in here honde.c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 505 Bot Noe of uche honest kynde nem out an odde.?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 3540 Þis preste..wist what giftes he gaf or nym.?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 7469 Grete tresure fra þe kyrke he nyme. δ. Singular and plural (and past participle) 1600s nempt, 1600s nimbd, 1600s nimb'd, 1600s nimbd'st (2nd singular), 1600s nimde, 1600s 1800s nim'd, 1600s– nimm'd, 1600s– nimmed. 1606 J. Day Ile of Guls sig. E4^v As I led him to his Chamber, I nimde his Chayne, and drew his Purse.1630 J. Lane Contin. Squire's Tale (Chaucer Soc.) 116 Ducello..killd each one that in his mowth hee nempt.1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. i. 45 They'l question Mars, and by his look Detect who 'twas that nimm'd a Cloke.1728 J. Gay Beggar's Opera ii. x. 33 I expect the Gentleman about this Snuff-box, that Filch nimm'd two nights ago in the Park.1898 W. E. Henley Beef-eater in London Types He shows that Crown the desperate Colonel nimmed.1937 W. de la Mare Apple-fall in This Year, Next Year Twenty went to Botany Bay; ten of them on crutches. And the last of them nimmed the clouts that lay a-beaching [read a-bleaching] on the bushes! 3. Past participle. α. Old English–Middle English numen, Middle English nomen, Middle English nomin, Middle English nomman, Middle English nommen, Middle English nommin, Middle English nommyn, Middle English nomyn, Middle English nomyne, Middle English nummen, Middle English nummun, Middle English numnend (transmission error), Middle English nymen; Scottish pre-1700 nomin, pre-1700 nommin, pre-1700 nommyn, pre-1700 nommyne, pre-1700 nummyn, pre-1700 nummyne, pre-1700 numyn, pre-1700 numyng. β. Old English genumen, Old English genummen (chiefly Northumbrian), Old English ginumen (chiefly Northumbrian), Old English ginumun (rare), late Old English genuman, early Middle English ȝenomen, Middle English inomen, Middle English inomin, Middle English inumæn, Middle English inumen, Middle English inumene, Middle English ynomen. eOE Épinal Gloss. (1974) 7 Ade[m]pto, ginumni.eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xviii. 42 Eall þæt his fennas & moras genumen h[abb]að.OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xiii. 12 Quod habet auferetur ab eo : þæt [he] hæfis genummen bið from him.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1124 Willelm hefde numen Fulkes eorles gingre dohter to wife of Angeow.c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 25 Þe salmes beoð inumene efter þe fif leattres of ure leafdis nome.a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 2268 Wel fagen he was of here come For he was numen ðor to nome.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 5272 Wit il consail þan was i nummen.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 7059 In his time was troi nomyn.c1480 (a1400) St. Nicholas 918 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 507 Quhen þe Iou ham wes cumyne, & fand his gudis a-way nummyne.a1500 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Trin. Dublin) 1094 So sall þi name..be nomyn in-to mynde.a1522 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid (1957) ii. xi. 101 Nor neuir abak..Blent I agane, nor perfite mynd has nummyn.1607 (?a1425) Chester Plays (Harl. 2124) ii. 401 Which prophesy done shall be, When I my Realm haue nomman. γ. Middle English enome, Middle English ȝenume, Middle English imune (transmission error), Middle English innome (rare), Middle English inome, Middle English inume, Middle English invm, Middle English jnome, Middle English ynom, Middle English ynome, Middle English ynume; Scottish pre-1700 ynom. a1225 MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 71 We habben him swa wel imune [prob. read inume], Þat þe saule mote to him cume.a1300 Passion our Lord 206 in R. Morris Old Eng. Misc. (1872) 43 So me doþ to þeoue þat schal beon ynume.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 165 Huo þet heþ þane guode way ynome, hit be-houeþ [etc.].c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) 1105 Speke we..Of Erld Olyuer..þat Sarazyns habbeþ ynome.c1410 (c1350) Gamelyn (Harl. 7334) 119 Whan þat euerich of hem a staf had i-nome.a1450 (?a1390) J. Mirk Instr. Parish Priests (Claud.) (1974) 495 When body and soule togeder schal come And the gode to ioye be I-nome.1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) ix. l. 177 [They] Leyt salys fall and has thar cours ynom. δ. Middle English nom, Middle English nome, Middle English nomme, Middle English none (transmission error), Middle English noom, Middle English noome, Middle English nume, Middle English–1500s num; Scottish pre-1700 nome. c1330 (?c1300) Amis & Amiloun (Auch.) (1937) 2374 He hadde þe keys nome.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 12730 We sal to heuen com Quen we o þis werld es nom [a1400 Gött. num].c1410 (c1350) Gamelyn (Harl. 7334) 584 They ben swore togidere þat we schul be nome.c1430 (c1386) G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 1777 Al alone hys wey than hath he nome.a1450 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Lamb.) (1887) i. 10824 Whilk of þem were ouer-come Or slayn or wyþ force nome.?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 1542 My heele, my tonge, bes fra me nome.a1475 Bk. Hawking (Harl. 2340) in Studia Neophilol. (1944) 16 9 In kyndely spech ye schull say þat your hauke hat nome a foule, and not j-take.1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) i. l. 124 At Canmor syne king Fergus has it nome.1566 J. Partridge Worthie Hystorie Plasidas b iij b Pandauola in her armes Her Alfyne hath up num. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian nima , nema (West Frisian nimme ), Middle Dutch nēmen (Dutch nemen ), Old Saxon niman , neman (Middle Low German nēmen , neymen , nemmen ), Old High German neman , nemman (Middle High German nemen , German nehmen ), early Scandinavian (runic) -nam (1st singular past indicative; in the compound un-nam I have learned, understood), Old Icelandic nema , Old Swedish nima , nimma (Swedish regional nimma ), Danish nemme , Gothic niman , probably < the Indo-European base of Avestan nəmah- loan, ancient Greek νέμειν to deal out, distribute, hold, possess, occupy (compare nemesis n.), although the semantic development is difficult to account for.An alternative etymology derives the word from the Indo-European base of classical Latin emere to take, buy (compare emption n.), Russian regional njat′ to take, seize, get, Ukrainian njaty to take, Belorussian njac′ to take, grasp, Latvian ņemt to take (the latter probably influenced by Germanic). However, the initial n- in these Slavonic and Baltic forms is said to be secondary: compare Old Church Slavonic jęti (1st person singular imǫ ) to take, seize, Lithuanian imti (1st person singular ima ) to take, gather in, begin. Attempts to explain the difference as resulting from ‘rhyme variation’ (compare F. Kluge Etymologisches Wörterbuch (ed. 23, 1995) 585/1) or from a prefix ni- (compare H. A. Hirt Indogermanische Grammatik (1921) I. 328) are unconvincing. In Old English a strong verb of Class IV of which the expected forms of 1st and 3rd singular past indicative and plural past indicative are nam and nōmon respectively; the forms nōm and nāmon are analogical (compare α and β forms at Forms 2); in general, forms in -o- are characteristic of Anglian dialects, and forms in -a- are characteristic of West Saxon or Kentish (for a rare Anglian past plural form in ā see quot. eOE¹ at β. forms). Occasional forms of the present stem in -a- , -o- , or -u- in Old English and (especially) Middle English show extension of the vowel of the past tense and past participle to the present tense and infinitive. In Middle English past tense forms with the vowel of the present stem are also attested (compare γ forms at Forms 2) adding to the confusion of forms; by the beginning of the 17th cent. the verb had gone over entirely to the weak conjugation (compare δ forms at Forms 2). In most of its applications nim corresponds to various senses of take v. (a Scandinavian loan, which was ultimately to replace it in all senses), although nim remained in common use down to the 15th cent. During the 16th cent. there are few traces of it, but immediately after 1600 it reappears (with weak past tense and past participle) as a slang or colloquial word in the sense of ‘to steal’ (see sense 3), and is very common in this use throughout the 17th cent. Compare also the name of Corporal Nim , a character in Shakespeare's Henry V and The Merry Wives of Windsor, probably after the verb in this sense. In Old English the prefixed form geniman is also attested (which survived into early Middle English as inime ); compare also Old English ætniman to take away (compare at- prefix²), animan anim v., beniman benim v., forniman fornim v., ofniman to fail (compare of- prefix), oferniman overnim v., tōniman to separate (compare to- prefix²), underniman undernim v., ūpniman upnim v., and early Middle English forthnim v., misnim v., through-nim vb. at through- prefix 1, withnim vb. at with- prefix 1. Now archaic and English regional (rare). †1. transitive. = take v. in various senses, esp. to get into one's hands, to get hold of, pick up; to appropriate, to acquire; to seize, to capture, to catch; to cause to accompany, to bring; to take up, to enter into, to undertake. Obsolete.For examples of the frequent Middle English phrases to nim gome (also heed, yeme) see under the nouns.See Middle Eng. Dict. at nimen v. for a more extensive review of senses in Middle English. ΘΚΠ society > travel > [verb (intransitive)] nimeOE becomec885 teec888 goeOE i-goc900 lithec900 wendeOE i-farec950 yongc950 to wend one's streetOE fare971 i-wende971 shakeOE winda1000 meteOE wendOE strikec1175 seekc1200 wevec1200 drawa1225 stira1225 glidea1275 kenc1275 movec1275 teemc1275 tightc1275 till1297 chevec1300 strake13.. travelc1300 choosec1320 to choose one's gatea1325 journeyc1330 reachc1330 repairc1330 wisec1330 cairc1340 covera1375 dressa1375 passa1375 tenda1375 puta1382 proceedc1392 doa1400 fanda1400 haunta1400 snya1400 take?a1400 thrilla1400 trace?a1400 trinea1400 fangc1400 to make (also have) resortc1425 to make one's repair (to)c1425 resort1429 ayrec1440 havea1450 speer?c1450 rokec1475 wina1500 hent1508 persevere?1521 pursuec1540 rechec1540 yede1563 bing1567 march1568 to go one's ways1581 groyl1582 yode1587 sally1590 track1590 way1596 frame1609 trickle1629 recur1654 wag1684 fadge1694 haul1802 hike1809 to get around1849 riddle1856 bat1867 biff1923 truck1925 the mind > possession > taking > take [verb (transitive)] nimeOE haveeOE atleada1000 latchc1000 take?a1160 takec1175 hentc1300 catcha1382 privea1387 nighc1400 betakec1420 fonc1425 prend1447 win1515 eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter: Canticles & Hymns (1965) i Ipse misit angelum suum et tulit me de ouibus patris mei : he sende engel his & nom mec of scepum feadur mines. eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xxix. 67 Ða hlafordas n [a] man swa hwæt swa hi hæfden. OE Blickling Homilies 69 Hie naman blowende palmtwigu. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1015 Se cyng þa genam eall heora æhta, & het nimon Sigeferðes lafe. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 29 Þu eart inumen in þon ilke þonke. c1300 (c1250) Floris & Blauncheflur (Cambr.) (1966) l. 20 To þe hauene hi beoþ icume, And þer habbeþ here in inome. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 17293 (MED) Þai send sergantz for to nym both sir nichodem & him. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 4100 (MED) Felgyld next come eftir him, Þe lyfe of ankyr þare to nym. a1500 (?a1400) Morte Arthur (1903) 2258 (MED) The popis lettre oute he nome..And bade them do the popis dome. c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 792 Eneas it name & in note hade. a1549 A. Borde Fyrst Bk. Introd. Knowl. (?1555) i. sig. Bii^v Iche cham a Cornyshe man,..Nym me a quart of ale, that iche may it of sup. 1630 J. Lane Contin. Squire's Tale (Chaucer Soc.) 116 Ducello..killd each one that in his mowth hee nempt. 2. †a. intransitive. To make one's way, to proceed, to go; = take v. 60. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > progressive motion > move along [verb (intransitive)] goeOE lithec900 nimOE fare971 shakeOE strikea1000 gangOE gengOE seekc1000 glidea1275 wevec1300 hove1390 drevea1400 sway?a1400 wainc1540 discoursea1547 yede1563 trot1612 to get along1683 locomove1792 locomote1831 OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xxi. 21 Si monti huic dixeritis tolle et iacta te in mare : gif more ðissum gie cuedes nim & worpas in sæ. lOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Bodl.) xvi. 34 Se is eower agen, & þonan ge noman [eOE Otho comon]. c1225 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Bodl.) (1938) 36 (MED) Ga..into þi lauerdes blisse..for in þe ne mei hit nanesweis neomen in. a1300 (c1275) Physiologus (1991) 67 He neweð him ðis man ðanne he nimeð to kirke. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 744 In-to sichem..he nam, And ðeðen he nam to mirie dale. c1330 Adam & Eve (Auch.) 443 in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 144 Out of her siȝt oway he nam, Þai nist neuer whar he bicam. a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 8164 (MED) Euery day to scole she nam [glossed ȝede]. a1450 Generides (Pierpont Morgan) (1865) 2400 (MED) The forster..Rose erlie and to hir chambre name. a1475 Sidrak & Bokkus (Lansd.) (Ph.D. diss., Univ. of Washington) (1965) 9308 (MED) After þe synne of Adam, Euery man vnto helle nam. 1591 (?a1425) Harrowing of Hell (Huntington) in R. M. Lumiansky & D. Mill Chester Myst. Cycle (1974) I. 336 (MED) Hederward I nome [v.r. hither the way I noome]. b. intransitive. Chiefly English regional (midlands and northern). To walk with short light steps. Frequently with along. ΚΠ 1783 J. Losh MS Coll. N. Country Words in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 273/1 Nim [to walk with quick, short steps; to walk briskly and lightly or mincingly]. 1876 C. C. Robinson Gloss. Words Dial. Mid-Yorks. (at cited word) The old lady does nim along. 1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) (at cited word) ‘Nim to the corner, an' see if a's a-comin.’ ‘Shay nimmed off loike a shot, soon as ivver shay set oys of 'im.’ a1903 T. Kipling in Eng. Dial. Dict. (1903) IV. 273/1 [North Yorkshire] She is a capital walker: she nims along famously. 3. colloquial and slang after 16th cent. a. transitive. To appropriate (something not one's own); to steal, to filch, to pilfer (something). Now archaic and English regional (rare). ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > pilfer [verb (transitive)] mitcha1393 pelfa1400 purloinc1475 prowl?1529 finger1530 pilfer1532 lurchc1565 filch1567 filch1574 proloyne1581 nim1606 hook1615 truff1718 snaffle1725 crib1735 pettifog1759 magg1762 niffle1785 cabbage1793 weed1811 nibble1819 cab1825 smouch1826 snuga1859 mooch1862 attract1891 souvenir1897 rat1906 snipe1909 promote1918 salvage1918 smooch1941 OE Poenitentiale Theodori & Capitula d'Acheriana (Brussels) in F. J. Mone Quellen u. Forschungen zur Geschichte der teutschen Literatur u. Sprache (1830) 527 Ne bið alyfeð æt þam þeowan his feoh to nimanne, þæt he mid his swynce begiteð. OE tr. Alcuin De Virtutibus et Vitiis (Nero) in R. Torkar Eine altenglische Übersetzung von Alcuins De Virtutibus et Vitiis (1981) 253 Yfelra gerefena þeaw ys, þæt hi nymað ælcwiht & uneaðe hi þam þearfiendum lytles hwæt læfað. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 1102 On Pentecosten mæssan wuce, þa coman þeofas..& breokan þa mynstre of Burh & þær inne naman mycel to gode on golde & on seolfre. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 29 Reueres þet nemeð oðres monnes eahte. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 993 Al heora god we sculen nimen & lutel hem læuen. 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 9 Þis heste uns uorbyet to nimene and of-hyealde oþre manne þing. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 1112 (MED) God..flemed Adam For þat appel þat he nam. ?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 7469 (MED) Grete tresure fra þe kyrke he nyme..he toke all þat he myght reue. 1606 J. Day Ile of Guls sig. E4^v As I led him to his Chamber, I nimde his Chayne, and drew his Purse. 1651 H. More Second Lash of Alazanomastix in Enthusiasmus Triumphatus (1656) 81 Your quotation..is no new notion, but nimmed out of Philo. 1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. i. 45 They'l question Mars, and by his look Detect who 'twas that nimm'd a Cloke. 1692 R. L'Estrange Fables (1694) 218 They..would still be nimming something or other for the very love of thieving. 1728 J. Gay Beggar's Opera ii. x. 33 I expect the Gentleman about this Snuff-box, that Filch nimm'd two nights ago in the Park. 1770 T. Bridges Burlesque Transl. Homer (ed. 3) II. xii. 261 A fellow that would nim a smock From of a hedge if it was loose. 1835 G. P. R. James Gipsy ii Tiny Dick..had very near been caught in nimming it off the edge of the common. 1881 S. Evans Evans's Leicestershire Words (new ed.) (at cited word) ‘Ah nimmed it off on 'im’, would be as applicable to an open as to a surreptitious taking away. 1898 W. E. Henley Beef-eater in London Types He shows that Crown the desperate Colonel nimmed. 1900 W. Foster Lett. received by E. India Co. IV. 229 To nim was to take or steal; hence Shakespeare's Corporal Nym. 1923 R. Graves Whipperginny in Coll. Poems (1999) I. 164 The Knave of Hearts Nims the Queen's rose and cocks it in his cap Furtively. 1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. (at cited word) He nimm'd oop me skep an' off wiv't taam me baack wes tonn'd. 1937 W. de la Mare Apple-fall in W. de la Mare & H. Jones This Year: Next Year Twenty went to Botany Bay; ten of them on crutches, And the last of them nimmed the clouts that lay a-bleaching on the bushes! †b. transitive. With away, off. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1608 T. Middleton Your Fiue Gallants sig. A4^v You shal liue at ease inough: for nimming away iewells and fauours from Gentlemen. a1635 R. Corbet Poems (1807) 28 Looking in their plate He nimmes away their coyne. 1669 Nicker Nicked in Harl. Misc. (1744) II. 96 Some will nim off the Gold Buttons of your Cloke, or steal the Cloke itself. †4. intransitive. slang. To steal, to pilfer, to thieve. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > pilfer [verb (intransitive)] pelfa1400 picka1555 befilch1566 filch1567 pilch1573 lurch1593 purloin1611 nim1622 shirk1709 pilfer1729 maraud1770 souvenir1897 1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir ii. sig. F Hir. Spungius y'are a picke-pocket. Spun. Hircius thou hast nimb'd—..not so much money is left as will buy a louse. 1663 J. Mayne tr. Lucian Part of Lucian sig. F1^v His mother sayes he stayes not in heaven by night, but that he may be nimming, goes down to hell, and pilfers there to. a1763 J. Byrom Nimmers 27 Nim? yes, yes, yes, let's nim with all my heart. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.¹1630n.²1901v.eOE
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† nimn.1

nimn.2

nimv.

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nimn.²