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单词 next
释义

nextadj.prep.adv.n.

Brit. /nɛkst/, U.S. /nɛkst/
Forms:

α. Old English næhst (Mercian), Old English neahst, Old English nehsst (rare), Old English nexð (rare), Old English nexþt (rare), Old English–early Middle English necst, Old English–early Middle English nehst, Old English–Middle English nexst, Old English– next, early Middle English næxte, Middle English neghst, Middle English nekist, Middle English nekste, Middle English nexist, Middle English nexit, Middle English nexste, Middle English nextie (perhaps transmission error), Middle English nextte, Middle English neyȝt, Middle English–1700s (1800s archaic) nexte, Middle English–1700s (1800s– regional and nonstandard (now chiefly Caribbean)) nex, 1500s nexe, 1500s nexter, 1800s– nex' (regional and nonstandard (now chiefly Caribbean)); Scottish pre-1700 naixt, pre-1700 neixt, pre-1700 nex, pre-1700 nexit, pre-1700 nexite, pre-1700 nexte, pre-1700 1700s– next, 1800s– neext.

β. Old English niehst, Old English nihst, Old English nixst, Old English nyehst (rare), Old English nyx (rare), Old English nyxst, Old English–early Middle English nyhst, Old English–Middle English nyxt, Old English–1800s (2000s– English regional (Cornwall)) nixt, Middle English 1600s nixte; Scottish pre-1700 nix, pre-1700 nixst, pre-1700 nixte, pre-1700 nixtis (transmission error), pre-1700 nixtt, pre-1700 nyxt, pre-1700 1700s 1900s– nixt.

γ. Old English (Northumbrian)–Middle English neest, Old English (Northumbrian)–Middle English neist, Old English (Anglian)–Middle English nest, Old English (rare)–Middle English nyst, early Middle English nesst ( Ormulum), Middle English neiste, Middle English neste, Middle English nyste, 1500s niste; English regional 1700s– neisht (northern), 1800s naist (Devon), 1800s neaste (Devon), 1800s neesht (northern), 1800s– neahst (northern), 1800s– neest, 1800s– neist, 1800s– nesht (northern), 1800s– nest, 1800s– neyst, 1800s– niest, 1800s– nist (south-western), 1800s– nyst (south-western), 1900s– neis; Scottish pre-1700 neste, pre-1700 nyste, pre-1700 1700s–1800s neyst, pre-1700 1700s– neist, pre-1700 1800s neast, pre-1700 1800s nest, pre-1700 1900s– nist, 1700s– neest, 1700s– niest, 1800s nayst, 1800s neesht, 1800s nize, 1800s– neisht; also Irish English 1800s neeshte, 1800s nishte; N.E.D. (1906) also records a form Middle English neyste.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.
Etymology: Cognate with Old Frisian nēst (West Frisian neist ), Middle Dutch naest , neest (Dutch (rare or regional) naast ), Old Saxon naīst , nāist (Middle Low German nēgest , neist , nāgest , nāst ), Old High German nāhist (as adverb also nahōst ; Middle High German næhest , næhst , nāhest , German nächst ), Old Icelandic næstr , Old Swedish näster (Swedish näst ), Danish næste < the Germanic base of nigh adv., adj., and n. + the Germanic base of -est suffix.Prior to the 14th cent. next serves as the normal superlative corresponding to the positive nigh and (from early Middle English onwards) near . The analogical superlative nighest is first attested in manuscripts of the late 14th cent. (in some cases reflecting originals from the early part of the century), apart from an isolated earlier example of neȝest (see quot. a1225 at nigh adv. 3c). The further (and now usual) analogical superlative nearest is first attested in the 15th cent. and becomes widespread in the 16th. After the emergence of these analogical superlatives, the superlative sense of next begins to become secondary (although it is never entirely lost: there are no senses in which it can form its own superlative). The notion of greatest proximity tends to be merged into that of adjacency, either within a sequence or series or simply as regards physical location. In sense A. 2d perhaps after Yoruba èkejì the second of a pair.
A. adj. (and prep.)
I. In attributive use.
1.
†a. Lying nearest in place or position. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > distance > nearness > [adjective] > nearest
nexteOE
nextfoldc1225
prochainc1550
hithermost1565
next hand1642
hitherest1876
eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 917 Þa æfter þam þæs forhraþe gegadorode micel folc hit on hærfest æþer ge of Cent...ge æghwonan of þam niehstum burgum.
OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Mark i. 38 Eamus in proximos uicos : gæ we..in ða neesto lond.
lOE Writ of Edward the Confessor (Sawyer 1121) in F. E. Harmer Anglo-Saxon Writs (1952) 344 Ic ann þæt þridde treow & þæt þridde swiin, of æuesan þæs nextan wudes þe lið to Kyngesbyrig.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 11735 (MED) Þe harde here was is lich þe nexte wede.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) Mark i. 38 Go we in to the nexte [L. proximos] townes and citees.
?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 18 Whoso wil..come nerre to Jerusalem he schal go..to the port Jaff. For þat is the nexte hauene to Jerusalem.
c1450 Treat. Fishing in J. McDonald et al. Origins of Angling (1963) 155 (MED) Þe next plume to the hoke schall be ther from a large fote & more.
a1500 Gesta Romanorum (Gloucester) (1971) 741 (MED) Fro þe next Cyte I come.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. v. xii. 190 Þe equis..chasit him with grete effray & dredoure to þe nixt montanis.
1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xii. 14 Two smal riuers, whereof the next and greatest hath a bridge of stone.
1652 M. Nedham tr. J. Selden Of Dominion of Sea 497 They in debt seeking onely to serv the next Market.
1710 J. Addison Tatler No. 229. ⁋3 They say, when a Fox is very much troubled with Fleas, he goes into the next Pool.
1816 W. Scott Antiquary I. i. 18 If you don't stop directly and carry the poor brute to the next smithy, I'll have you punished.
1841 S. C. Hall & A. M. Hall Ireland II. 22 [They] at once twisted a gad round his neck and hung him from the next tree.
b. the (occasionally your, etc.) next way: the shortest, most convenient, or most direct way; (in extended use) the easiest or most obvious thing to do. Now archaic and English regional.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > [noun] > straight or direct
rightOE
the (occasionally your, etc.) next wayc1330
forthright1609
highball1920
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > [noun] > straight or direct > short cut
the (occasionally your, etc.) next wayc1330
cut1577
near cut1612
short cut1619
overcut1636
cross-cut1800
cut-off1806
quick cut1890
c1330 Otuel (Auch.) (1882) 437 (MED) He þoute þe nekste weie to ride.
c1390 G. Chaucer Man of Law's Tale 807 This messager..Vnto the castel halt the nexte wey.
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) iii. 247 (MED) He..ladde his knyȝtes..To þe Grekis holdyng þe nexte weye.
?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 63 They yode ouer a mareys for the nexst waye, but thei felle in the myre.
1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. xv. 29 I wyll retourne into Englande the nexte waye.
a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) i. f. 30 Thus bred vp..to learne the next and readie way to sinne.
1598 R. Grenewey tr. Tacitus Annales xiii. ix. 191 The legions were not brought the next way,..but went ouer a farre off.
a1616 W. Shakespeare All's Well that ends Well (1623) i. iii. 59 I speake the truth the next waie . View more context for this quotation
1632 P. Massinger & N. Field Fatall Dowry v. sig. K2 To let you goe Were the next way.
1678 J. Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress 163 That comes down from our Countrey the next way into it. View more context for this quotation
1703 S. Centlivre Love's Contrivance iii. i. 30 'Tis my best way to steal out, e'er he has done reading, or perhaps I shall be shew'd the next way to the Horse Pond.
1767 Cries of Blood 10 The next way from that place to Mr. Harrison's house.
1821 F. Reynolds Don John i. i. 7 John So, the next fame shall lose this fam'd Violetta. Fred 'Tis the next way.
1903 Eng. Dial. Dict. IV. 260/1 Your next way will be by th' field path.
1906 C. M. Doughty Dawn in Brit. II. viii. 218 That herdman rose..And sallies the next way, to Amathon's dune.
†c. More generally: closest to hand, most convenient, most readily available. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > advantage > convenience > [adjective] > convenient or within reach
nexta1425
hend?a1513
handsome1530
handy1650
respectable1773
the world > space > distance > nearness > [adjective] > conveniently near > most
nexta1425
a1425 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (1987) i. 697 This nys naught..the nexte wyse To wynnen love..To walwe and wepe.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 75 The power of resoun..is not ordeyned..to be oure next and best and surest reuler..anentis alle resonable treuthis.
c1538 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1827) 2nd Ser. II. 99 The next remedys to refourme all thies enormyties after my pore conceyte is as followith.
1642 T. Fuller Holy State iv. vii. 273 Extremity makes the next the best remedy.
1679 W. Penn Addr. Protestants Pref. Whose duty therefore he shows..with the next and proper means to suppress it.
1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering III. iii. 57 The disputes of the vulgar were decided by..cudgels cut, broken, or hewed out of the next wood.
2.
a. Of a person: living or dwelling nearest to one; happening to be nearest at a particular time. Now rare or merged in sense A. 2b.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > [adjective] > as neighbour
nextOE
neighbourly1612
contiguous1710
next door1739
the world > space > distance > nearness > [adjective] > nearest > happening to be
nextc1400
OE Daniel 410 Ða þæt ehtode ealdor þeode..wið þam nehstam [read nehstum] folcgesiðum.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiii. 373 (MED) A fote londe or a forwe fecchen I wolde Of my nexte neighbore, nymen of his erthe.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cccxliiijv They publishe an other wryting, chiefly to the next inhabiters about them.
1598 J. Manwood Treat. Lawes Forrest xix. §6. f. 144 An outcry unto the inhabitants and next dwellers within the same forest.
1630 tr. G. Botero Relations Famous Kingdomes World (rev. ed.) 414 To provide..against their next Enemies the Tartars, who make often incursions upon them.
1684 Connecticut Hist. Soc. Coll. (1897) VI. 212 The Chimney veiwers..shall make presentment of what defects they find..to the next authority.
1771 O. Goldsmith Hist. Eng. II. 257 He was obliged to make a short confession to the next priest that was at hand.
a1850 W. Wordsworth Note in Poet. Wks. (1857) VI. 9 This person lived at Town-end and was almost our next neighbour.
1873 A. Trollope Eustace Diamonds II. xlvii. 282 These last words were only whispered to her next neighbour, Lord Chiltern.
b. Immediately neighbouring, adjacent, or adjoining (irrespective of whether a particular order or sequence is mentioned or implied). See also next door n., adv., and adj.
ΚΠ
?1518 Cocke Lorelles Bote sig. B.iijv Her husbonde dwelleth at ye sygne of ye cokeldes pate Nexte house to Robyn renawaye.
1616 B. Jonson Epicœne i. ii, in Wks. I. 534 Hee has heard of one that's lodg'd i' the next street to him, who is exceedingly soft spoken. View more context for this quotation
a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature Pursued (1777) III. ii. 50 Two men boxing together in the next street.
1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xxx Under the impression that it was the middle of the night, and the next house was on fire.
1909 J. London House of Pride (1912) 69 The goats?.. They come over from the next valley, but they cannot pass to this.
1932 Extension Mag. Feb. 21/1 Some body in the next room was crying—sobbing brokenly.
1987 R. Sarah Pond, Phase One in R. Sullivan More Stories by Canad. Women 138 Her first cousin, a painter, recently divorced and living in the next township.
c. Originally U.S. the next man: the average man; a typical person; anybody else. Frequently in the formula as —— as the next man (also person, etc.) according to context.Only in comparisons.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > man > [noun] > ordinary or average man
Richard Roe1593
Tom Stiles1681
John Doe1756
the man in the street1831
the next man1848
Everyman1901
the man on the Clapham omnibus1903
slob1910
John Citizen1918
average Joe1940
Joe Blow1941
Joe Public1942
Joe Doakes1943
Joe Soap1943
Joe Bloggs1969
Joe Sixpack1972
everyguy1976
1848 W. T. Thompson Major Jones's Sketches Trav. vii. 68 You know I've fit the Ingins in Florida, and can stand my hand as well as the next man in a bush-fight, but I never was in jest sich a engagement before.
1857 Lawrence (Kansas Territory) Republican 18 June 2 The Judge..will probably talk as long to a crowd without tiring them as the next man.
1897 R. Kipling Captains Courageous i. 5 Guess I've as good right here as the next man.
1900 G. Ade More Fables 175 Lutie was just about as Nifty as the Next One.
1922 J. Joyce Ulysses ii. xii. [Cyclops] 323 Why can't a jew love his country like the next fellow?
1962 ‘L. Peters’ Snatch of Music ix. 155 I can read a paperback translation with the next man.
1966 A. E. Lindop I start Counting xviii. 222 I can take a hint as well as the next person—and I know when I'm not wanted.
1990 Premiere July 22/1 Glover, down 15 pounds from his..peak of 230, swears he's as macho as the next action hero.
d. Caribbean and in British Afro-Caribbean usage. With definite or indefinite article: other (esp. designating the second of a pair of things). Frequently in a next: another.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > difference > [adjective] > the second or another
anotherc1175
tother1600
nexta1944
a1944 E. Dupuch in J. A. Holm & A. W. Shilling Dict. Bahamian Eng. (1982) 142/1 A slice o' toast in one han' an' a cup o' cawfee in d'nex' han'.
1948 W. A. Bustamante in Proc. Conf. Closer Assoc. Brit. W. Indian Colonies (Colonial Office) 24 You have given us £6,000,000 for building houses to supply two-thirds of the houses. We require a next one-third.
1957 in F. G. Cassidy & R. B. LePage Dict. Jamaican Eng. (1967) (at cited word) I ave a nex brother name Carl... I use to go to a nex school.
1975 T. Callender It so Happen 97 He get a job as watchman and porter at a store in town, and he get another girlfriend and a next pig.
1993 V. Headley Excess x. 98 ‘Who dung deh?’..‘Ongo Judge, and Willie, a nex' yout'.’
3.
a. Nearest in relationship or kinship; closest in association or intimacy. Now chiefly in next heir. Cf. sense C. 4a.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [adjective] > closely > most closely
nexteOE
eOE (Kentish) Will of Ealdorman Ælfred (Sawyer 1508) in F. E. Harmer Sel. Eng. Hist. Docs. 9th & 10th Cent. (1914) 13 Gif heo bearn næbbe, feo ðonne an hire rehtfæderen sio neste hond to þem londe ond to ðem ærfe.
OE Poenitentiale Pseudo-Egberti (Laud) ii. xviii. 25 Gif hwylc man wifige on his nehstan magan.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 11396 Nimeð al his nexte cun..and swengeð of þa hafden.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 16035 [The king] inemned wes Alain, Cadwalader nexte mæi.
a1325 (c1280) Southern Passion (Pepys 2344) (1927) 1354 (MED) Dauid seiþ þorw þi sonde Þat þi ffreond and nexte kunde aȝen þe sholde stonde.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) 2 Kings (Bodl.959) iii. 8 I am aȝens Juda to dai, þe whiche haue don mercy vp on þe hous of Saul þi fader..& þe nexte kyn [a1425 L.V. neiȝboris; L. proximos] of hym.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 13598 (MED) Þe neist men of his oxspring, Did þai þan be-for þam bring.
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 63 Ye shall assemble youre most next parents and frendes.
a1500 (?c1378) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 440 (MED) Crist shulde be oure nexste fadir, & his chirche oure nexste modir.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ruth iii. 9 Thou art the nexte kynsman.
1571 in A. I. Cameron Warrender Papers (1931) I. 108 Sonnis, brethir, nixt cousingis.
1603 G. Owen Descr. Penbrokshire (1892) ii. 30 All his inheritaunce came to his Nephewe Kinge Henry the seventh as next haire to the said Iasper.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 133 Their Friends attend the Herse, the next Relations Mourn. View more context for this quotation
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Virginity The Men never marry but on Condition that the next Relation, or Friend of the Maid's, shall undertake to enjoy her before him, and take away her Virginity.
1883 W. Allingham Ashby Manor i. ii. 34 You know, doubtless, fair cousin, that I am next heir to this estate.
1898 J. Davidson Godfrida i. 13 If she were to wed him, she would become of no importance in the state, he being, as you say, the next heir.
1965 Amer. Hist. Rev. 70 356 He was born next in blood to the preceding monarch.
1980 Econ. Hist. Rev. 33 562 Should the landowner die before resettlement, his son or next heir would succeed to the patrimony as a tenant in tail.
b. next friend n. closest friend or relative; (later, Law) a person acting for an infant, for someone lacking the mental capability to act for themselves, or for a married woman.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > [noun] > close relative > next of kin
next friendeOE
cousinc1425
next (nearest) of kin1548
the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > [noun] > friend > near friend or relation > nearest friend or relative
next friendeOE
eOE King Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Hatton) (1871) xlix. 377 Hwæt, hie witon, gif hiera niehstan friend weorðað wædlan, & hie feoh habbað, & his ðonne him oftioð, ðæt hie beoð ðonne fultemend to hiera wædle.
OE Paris Psalter (1932) lxxxvii. 18 Þu me afyrdest frynd þa nehstan and mine cuðe eac cwicu geyrmdest.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 17 (MED) Gif þin nexta freond agult wið þe..bide hine luueliche þet he þe do riht.
c1300 St. Kenelm (Laud) 124 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 348 (MED) Him þouȝte þat on of is nexte frend..On þe grounde stod bi-neþe.
c1390 in C. Horstmann Minor Poems Vernon MS (1892) i. 231 And my nexte frendes eke, And al my gode doeres, I beo-seke.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) 11409 (MED) His sum [read sun] for him was sett again, Or his neist frend þat was fere.
c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 619 So him neuyned was þe name of his next frendis.
1532 (c1385) Usk's Test. Loue in Wks. G. Chaucer i. f. cccxxixv But enquyre of thy next frendes.
a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) ii. ix. sig. G.v He maketh many tymes our next frendes our most foes.
1579 Rastell's Expos. Termes Lawes (new ed.) 161 b The next friende, or next of kynne to whom the lands cannot come or discende, shall haue the keepyng of the heire.
a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Prophetesse i. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Dddd/2 My Brother honourd him, made him first Captain of his Guard, his next friend.
1720 T. Wood Inst. Laws Eng. (1722) 13 An Infant, or Minor, shall sue by Prochein Amy (his next friend) or guardian,..but always defend by Guardian.
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa IV. xliv. 255 I have the mortification to find a difficulty in obtaining this all-fettering instrument [sc. a marriage licence], as the Lady is of rank and fortune, and as there is no consent of father or next friend.
1833 Ld. Brougham in J. M. Mylne & B. Keen Rep. Cases Chancery II. 248 No degree of mistake..would entitle the Court to fix a next friend with costs.
1870 C. Dickens Edwin Drood xiii. 98 Miss Twinkleton, in saluting each young lady's cheek, confided to her an exceedingly neat letter, addressed to her next friend at law.
a1911 D. G. Phillips Susan Lenox (1917) I. xvi. 279 ‘What's the patient's name?.. Next friend or relative?’ ‘I am.’
1992 Independent 25 June 34/1 An application by her mother and next friend for judicial review of a decision of the headmaster.
4.
a. Designating a person, thing, occasion, etc., coming in immediate succession to another in time, in the sequence stated or implied in a narrative, etc., without anything of the same kind intervening. Usually with the.Formerly also with before (or occasionally without any such indication, as in quot. ?a1425 at sense A. 1a): †designating the immediately preceding item in a sequence or series (obsolete).In early use occasionally as postmodifier.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > succession or following in time > [adjective] > succeeding or subsequent
followingOE
afterOE
nextOE
suinga1325
suant1422
succedentc1450
after-comingc1454
secondary1471
subsequent1472
succeeding1561
supervenient1565
subsequent1568
consequent1581
proceeding1592
ensuing1604
subsecutive1611
sequenta1616
insequentc1620
postliminious1625
sequel1632
postnate1638
supervening1640
descending1642
forward1643
postventional1645
yondersa1650
succrescent1653
pedissequous1657
subsequential1657
assequent1659
post-nated1659
posthume1662
posterious1672
survenient1677
succedent1688
postliminous1714
first1746
sequelled1805
postliminary1826
thereafter1830
descensive1882
akoluthic1889
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [adjective] > most closely
nextOE
immediate1604
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [adjective] > most closely > specifically of persons
nexta1425
OE Byrhtferð Enchiridion (Ashm.) (1995) iii. ii. 144 On þam circule fiftyne niht hig onfoð on þære nextan linan.
c1390 G. Chaucer Nun's Priest's Tale 4255 Certes in the same book I rede, Right in the nexte chapitre after this..Two men, [etc.].
c1395 G. Chaucer Wife of Bath's Tale 1010 Plight me thy trouthe..The nexte thyng that I requere thee, Thow shalt it do.
a1400 in K. W. Engeroff Untersuchung ‘Usages of Winchester’ (1914) 84 Ȝif a man is atached þere þat somynge bylyth to þe nexte [Fr. procheine] court, by þe dystresse delyuered.
a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) II. 318 As it is seid in þe nexte [glossed last] Sermon, of þis lore ben many gabbingis.
?c1450 tr. Bk. Knight of La Tour Landry (1906) 13 The good man that shroue the woman in the nexst tale afore.
1479 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 616 Send me by the next man that comyth fro London ij pottys of tryacle of Jenne.
c1500 (?a1437) Kingis Quair (1939) xxxiii (MED) All the..wallis rong..of thair song, and on the copill next Off thair suete armony.
c1540 (?a1400) Gest Historiale Destr. Troy 8272 The next tym þou noyes me, þou neghis to þe fer, Thow dowtles shall dye with dynt of my hond.
1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 761 The nixt vacant, be ressonabill richt, That hapnis in France.
1577 W. Fulke Confut. Doctr. Purgatory 363 When he him selfe in the next leafe before, affirmeth [etc.].
1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias i. viii. 21 He well knew, that at the next floud the ship would be afloate againe.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. ii. 53 Are you so chollericke With Elianor, for telling but her dreame? Next time Ile keepe my dreames vnto my selfe [1594 The next I haue Ile keepe to my selfe].
1633 Breadalbane Coll. Documents & Lett. No. 493 Upone our nixt adverteisement.
a1635 R. Corbet Certain Elegant Poems (1647) 4 The next thing to be noted was our Cheere.
1672 Lady M. Bertie Let. in Hist. MSS Comm.: 12th Rep.: App. Pt. V: MSS Duke of Rutland (1889) 26 in Parl. Papers (C. 5889–II) XLIV. 393 I believe next news I heare will be that you are going to bee married.
1728 J. Gay Beggar's Opera i. x. 14 Have him peach'd the next Sessions.
a1756 E. Haywood New Present (1771) 254 In the next place, the chairs should be dusted.
1816 W. Scott Antiquary III. xi. 221 I dinna mind the neist verse weel—my memory's failed.
1840 Peter Parley's Ann. 116 I promise never to do so any more, not till the next time.
1875 W. S. Jevons Money (1878) 257 The organization of the Clearing House will be described in the next chapter.
1935 W. Faulkner Pylon 255 The next boat to land came direct from the dredge.
1968 Listener 7 Mar. 300/2 A next generation reacted by seeking to turn the myth into reality in the suburbs.
1981 I. McEwan Comfort of Strangers (1983) viii. 98 Perhaps we should get off at the next stop and walk.
1983 J. Hennessy Torvill & Dean 83 I believe they will be the next Olympic champions.
b. Of a person: immediately following in respect of birth, rank, authority, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > source or principle of life > age > [adjective] > nearest in age
nextc1425
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 257 (MED) Priam had..Fyve sonys..þe eldest Hector callid was..Þe nexte broþer callid was Paris.
1444 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1855) II. 113 (MED) If God do his wille of hym or he be of..age, thenne I wil yese good..go to my next childe.
a1500 (c1380) J. Wyclif Eng. Wks. (1880) 461 (MED) Þe pope is holdun moost & nexst viker of iesu crist.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. xv The inheritaunce..came vnto Iane the next syster.
1625 J. Stradling Divine Poemes 106 A crime there is, neere kin vnto the other..: 'Tis Simonie, to Sacriledge next brother.
1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Marshals are also Military Officers, as the Camp-Marshal, who is the next Officer to the Lieutenant General.
1713 R. Steele Guardian No. 13. ⁋4 Mr. William, the next brother, is not of this smooth make.
a1817 J. Austen Northanger Abbey (1818) I. i. 4 Her mother was three months in teaching her only to repeat the ‘Beggar's Petition’; and after all, her next sister, Sally, could say it better than she did. View more context for this quotation
1842 J. F. Cooper Two Admirals II. ix. 137 ‘Your father was the baronet's next brother?’ observed Sir Gervaise, casually.
?1899 W. S. Blunt Satan Absolved in Poet. Wks. (1914) II. 278 Husband of one wife, Nor taking her next sister to his widowed life.
1994 Daily Tel. 28 Nov. 22/4 Should an Earl of Selkirk succeed to the dukedom of Hamilton the title would pass to the duke's next brother.
c. Originally U.S. the next thing one knows (also remembers), used without predicate as an adverbial phrase expressing the suddenness or unexpectedness of an event.
ΚΠ
1848 Trial & Imprisonment J. Walker App. 113 I was knocked down senseless... And the next thing I knew, I was lying on the cabin floor.
1851 U.S. Mag. & Democratic Rev. Oct. 346 The next thing I knew I didn't know nothin'.
1892 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrecker ii. 32 The tables at this eating-house are close together; and the next thing I can remember, I was in..conversation with my nearest neighbours.
1903 W. D. Howells Lett. Home iv. 28 The next thing I knew, father was..asking us if we minded his going, and letting us get home at our convenience.
1953 A. Hosain Phoenix Fled 93 A small thing disappears, then a bigger one and a bigger one, and the next thing you know is the police are in the house.
1999 T. Parker & M. Stone South Park Scripts: Bk. 1 7 Slowly my bedroom door began to open... And then the next thing I remember, I was being drug through a hallway!
5.
a. Designating the time, season, etc., following directly after one described, spoken of, etc.Frequently in a phrase used adverbially without an introductory preposition.In quots. 17111, 17112 of has the meaning of modern after or following.
ΚΠ
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Otho) v. xxi. 474 Æfter þæm þy nyhstan geare Tobias Hrofeceastre bisceop forþferde.
lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1086 He swealt on Normandige on þone nextan dæg æfter natiuitas sancte Marie.
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 211 Ȝef..ȝe ne beon nawt ihuslet i þeose isette tearmes, beoð hit þe neste [a1250 Nero nexte] sunne dei.
c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 890 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 132 (MED) For-to þe nexte daie we biddez furst þat ȝe it graunti nouþe ene.
c1385 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale 2367 The nexte houre of Mars folwynge this.
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 122 Biginnynge þe next wednesday aftir holy roode day.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. xiii. 154 Þe wednesday of þe nexte wyke after.
1426 in Catal. Anc. Deeds, Public Rec. Office (1893) IV. 547 That the said Richard be at Chestir the next Seterday after Mygheleday in presens of the Chaumberlayn.
a1438 Bk. Margery Kempe (1940) i. 123 (MED) On þe next day sche was browt in-to þe Erchebischopys Chapel.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) iv. 129 The nexste morning after,..they departed.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Sam. v. 3 Whan they rose vp early on the nexte morowe, they founde Dagon lyenge on his face.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. cclxvij The Emperour..the nex daye came to Sieng.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 436 Not ane cannoune, was schott or Lattne aff afor the neist day.
1603 T. Dekker 1603: Wonderfull Yeare sig. Ev The bringer of these heauy tydings..the very next day after his comming home, departed out of this world.
1653 H. Holcroft tr. Procopius Gothick Warre ii. 40 in tr. Procopius Hist. Warres Justinian The nex day..he ordered his Army for a Fight.
1692 J. Dryden To Mr. Southern in T. Southerne Wives Excuse sig. A3 Learn after both, to draw some just Design, And the next Age will learn to Copy thine.
1711 Fingail MSS in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 136 The next morning of the skirmish at the Boyn.
1711 Fingail MSS. in 10th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1885) App. v. 154 The next day of the battle.
1722 A. Ramsay Elegy Ld. Carnegie iv Ae day gives joy, The neist our hearts maun bleed.
1771 E. Ledwich Antiquitates Sarisburienses 5 They are arbitrary, often imposed..for reasons that did not exist the next hour.
1805 R. Anderson Ballads in Cumberland Dial. 33 A week at Gilsland tou salt try, Neist summer, if we're spar'd.
1825 T. Hook Sayings & Doings 2nd Ser. II. 321 Next week is our washing-week.
1859 A. Helps Friends in Council New Ser. I. Addr. to Rdr. 10 What is written on public affairs in one week may be..obsolete..the next.
1898 J. Buchan John Burnet of Barns iii. i The beast was to be ta'en doun and shod new, for she was gaun far the neist day.
1931 W. Faulkner Sanctuary iii. 25 On the next afternoon Benbow was at his sister's home.
1976 I. Murdoch Henry & Cato i. 13 I don't know how I shall live through this next week till he comes.
2000 Red Herring Dec. 137/1 Next year, we predict the arrival of new services and applications tailored to businesses.
b. Applied (without preceding the) to days of the week, with either the current day or (in later use; originally Scottish) the current week as the implicit point of reference.Thus (for example) next Friday may mean ‘the soonest Friday after today’ or ‘the Friday of the coming week’. The latter may be indicated contextually, e.g. by contrast with this, but it is not always clear which meaning is intended. Cf. sense A. 10c.
ΚΠ
a1592 R. Greene Frier Bacon (1594) sig. B Thou knowst next friday is S. Iames, And then the country flockes to Harlston faire.
1606 Wily Beguilde 58 Yfaith my sweet honny combe, Ile loue thee..We must be askt in Church next Sunday, and weel be married presently.
1676 R. Hooke Diary 19 Nov. (1935) 258 Resolvd to read next thursday on the Longitude and about magneticks, &c.
1700 in G. A. Henderson Kirk St. Ternan (1962) 104 Weekly exercises..which he intended..to begin nixt Wednesday come eight days.
1707 N. Luttrell Diary in Brief Hist. Relation State Affairs (1857) VI. 189 The remainder of the equivalent money for Scotland is to be sent thither next Tuesday in specie and bank bills.
1745 E. Haywood Female Spectator IV. 106 Next Thursday is the Day appointed for my Doom.
1817 S. Smith Lett. cxxiii I am going to preach a charity sermon next Sunday.
1881 A. Trollope Ayala's Angel III. l. 88 Ayala devoted herself to him and to their joint hopes for next Tuesday.
1929 R. Masson Use of Eng. 42 Mr Grey..is going through to Glasgow for a few days, either Friday of this week or next Friday.
1965 K. Smith OGF 170 Lance Hogarty..suggested that we should bung on a compulsory church parade next Sunday evening.
1994 Times 5 Dec. 3/2 The rollover is almost certain to stimulate even bigger interest in next Saturday's draw.
†6. Last, final. Obsolete.Only in Old English.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [adjective] > last in order
latemostOE
nextOE
aftermostOE
latestOE
lastc1175
outmost1447
terminalc1475
extreme1477
hindmost1526
final1530
lag1552
uttermosta1555
darrein1555
utter1558
lattermost1566
afterward1584
dernier1602
ultime1626
ultimate1728
postreme1814
OE Judith 73 Wiggend stopon ut of ðam inne ofstum miclum, weras winsade, þe ðone wærlogan laðne leodhatan, læddon to bedde nehstan siðe.
OE Blickling Homilies 21 Ne biþ he Godes leof on þæm nehstan dæge.
lOE Fifteen Days before Judgement (1917) 89 On þan nexten fiftene dagen beforen domesdæge, sculen gewurðen foretacnen.
†7.
a. Most pressing or important. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8561 Ich þe wulle ræden of nexte þire [c1300 Otho to þine nexste] neoden.
b. Of a cause, aim, reason, etc.: most relevant, immediate, or pertinent; foremost. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > [adjective] > of or relating to types of cause
nigh1551
next1581
procatarctical1601
procatarctic1603
objective1620
defective1624
univocala1640
proximate1641
propinque1649
proxime1649
proegumene1650
proegumenal1656
con-causal1660
proegumenical1663
propinquate1665
proegumenous1676
synectical1697
proegumenic1711
proximous1724
proximal1828
synectic1869
monocausal1937
the mind > will > intention > [adjective] > relating to intention or purpose > constituting purpose or object > most proximate or next
next1581
1581 Sir P. Sidney Apol. Poetrie sig. D The Sadlers next end is to make a good saddle: but his farther end, to serue a nobler facultie, which is horsemanship.
1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 6 The remote end of Logick, is the very act it selfe of discoursing... The next end of Logick, is to prescribe a way, and rules of discoursing.
1654 Z. Coke Art of Logick 56 Forms are always next causes of many faculties in subjects.
1705 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels I. 117 The Instruments and next Causes of their sufferings.
1754 J. Edwards Careful Enq. Freedom of Will i. i. 2 It should be considered what is the next and immediate Object of the Will, with respect to a Man's Walking, or any other external Action.
II. In predicative use.In some uses virtually equivalent to an adverb.
8.
a. Nearest in place or position. Also (in extended use): (of aid, misfortune, obligation, etc.) closest to hand.Now somewhat archaic, and chiefly with at hand or to hand.
ΚΠ
eOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Parker) anno 878 Ælfred..was winnende wiþ þone here & Sumursætna se dæl se þær niehst wæs.
eOE tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (Tanner) ii. xvi. 142 Seo mægð [i.e. Lindsey] is seo neahste on suðhealfe Humbre streames.
c1275 (?c1250) Owl & Nightingale (Calig.) (1935) 688 Þonne þe bale is alre hecst, þonne is þe bote alre necst.
c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) 25383 Þe seolue Rom-leode wende to-gadere þat weren nexste, of Rome þe hexste.
c1300 St. Thomas Becket (Laud) 1534 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 150 Ȝwane a man is In mest soruwe and teone, Þanne is ore louerdes grace next.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. 1964 (MED) Whanne I wende next have be..Thanne was I furthest ate laste.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 1692 In þe ouermast stage [of the ark] þi self sal be, þe fouxules alþernest be þe.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 49 Than agane Marr lyes on the costsyde neist.
1622 J. Reynolds Triumphs Gods Revenge: 2nd Bk. vi. 40 Hee demands of those next by him, what shee was, and her crime.
1662 T. Stanley Hist. Chaldaick Philos. i. 31 From the places next about the Moon.
1803 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 93 431 In calculating the sides..it would be right to depend on each base for one third of the distance between it and the one next at hand.
1885 G. Meredith Diana of Crossways I. iv. 89 He directed her to anathematize Peace, instead of scorning a fellow for doing the duties next about him.
1987 19th-cent. Lit. 42 96 To lead the good life is to perform the act of kindness next at hand.
b. With to. (Most) immediately neighbouring, adjacent, or adjoining (irrespective of whether a particular order or sequence is mentioned or implied). Also figurative. In early use also (occasionally): †near, in proximity to (obsolete).
ΚΠ
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 293 Ȝif þe water of þat welle is..i-helte vppon a stoon þat is next to þe welle..anon it schal rayne.
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (Hunterian) f. 73v (MED) Þe arterie off þee honde..is leten blood atwixe þe þoumbe and þe ffynger next to þe þoumbe.
1465 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 528 ij peyir hose..whyche be redy made for me at the hosers wyth þe crokyd bak next to þe Blak Freyrs gate wyth-in Ludgate.
1515 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. iii. 148 A Forge next to the Hertyshorn in Westsmythfeld.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. xiii Then were his continuall enemyes next to the gate of his realme.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 839 When he is..next to his mischaunce for his offences and crimes.
1599 R. Fitch in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (new ed.) II. i. 261 The Tallipoies go very strangely apparelled with one camboline or thinne cloth next to their body of a browne colour.
1611 Bible (King James) Deut. xxi. 3 The citie which is next vnto the slaine man. View more context for this quotation
1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads i. 387 Up you fetch'd Briareus..And set him next to Jove.
1726 J. Swift Gulliver I. ii. v. 94 He clambered up to a Roof that was next to ours.
1782 F. Burney Cecilia IV. viii. vi. 253 Mrs. Delvile..drew a chair next to her.
1820 C. F. Maturin Melmoth I. iii. 116 Just next to Stanton's apartment were lodged two most uncongenial neighbours.
1842 H. W. Herbert Sporting Scenes & Sundry Sketches I. 53 The circulaten on his blood had kind o' rotted the ice that was right next to him.
1878 T. Hardy Return of Native I. i. ix. 177 I like you very much, and I always put you next to my cousin Clym in my mind.
1925 F. S. Fitzgerald Great Gatsby ii. 43 He was next to me, and his white shirt-front pressed against my arm.
1973 Times 28 Nov. 6/7 Miss Woods..pressed the ‘record’ button (it was next to the ‘stop’ button).
1998 O. Kempadoo Buxton Spice (1999) 15 Sit down on a twiggy branch next to a big Kisskadee bird.
c. Followed by adjacent or adjoining. Cf. next adjacent adj., next adjoining adj. at Compounds 1.
ΚΠ
1425 Rolls of Parl. V. 289/2 Governours of any fraunchised Toune next adjoynyng.
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour iii. xii. sig. c2 Beinge slaine by the capitaynes of Antonine next adioyninge.
a1625 J. Sempill Pick-tooth for Pope (1669) 10 They do affirm that Antichristian Cell To be a place next adjacent to Hell.
1663 Inventory Ld. J. Gordon's Furnit. in J. Nicholson Minute Bk. War Comm. Covenanters Kirkcudbright (1855) In the chamber next adjacent..ane stand bed with a draw bed.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones I. i. viii. 42 [They] had betaken themselves to a Post next adjoining the said Study. View more context for this quotation
1799 W. Godwin St. Leon I. x. 320 He had set out on his return to his native town, next adjacent to my paternal residence.
1897 Polit. Sci. Q. 12 172 Four men from each of the four vills—that in which the death occurred and the three next adjoining.
1912 Publ. Amer. Statist. Assoc. 13 239 The enumerator must be able to procceed [sic]..from one family to another until an entire building has been canvassed, and then to proceed to the building next adjoining.
1934 E. Pound Mr. Housman at Little Bethel in T. S. Eliot Lit. Ess. Ezra Pound (1968) 71 Mr. Housman can..turn his skill to throwing the dart in the pub next adjacent.
d. As the subject complement with verbs of rest or motion. Frequently in next to hand.
ΚΠ
c1500 (?a1475) Assembly of Gods (1896) 1502 (MED) Glose..sate next.
1567 Compend. Bk. Godly Songs (1897) 164 Deide to vs approachis neist.
c1574–5 G. Harvey Let.-bk. (1884) 153 He put his hand into his pockit and pullid owt..sutch moony..as cam next to hande.
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 2. ⁋4 Next to Sir Andrew in the Club-Room sits Captain Sentry.
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 509. ¶8 Mr. Hobson,..when a Man came for a Horse,..obliged him to take the Horse which stood next to the Stable-Door.
1741–3 J. Wesley Jrnl. (1749) 95 Men, women and children met together, to..play at chuck, ball, span-farthing, or whatever came next to hand.
1794 W. Godwin Caleb Williams I. vii. 152 [They] had supplied themselves with whatever tools came next to hand.
1917 Amer. Hist. Rev. 22 829 The Filipino..has too often neglected what lay next to hand.
a1941 V. Woolf Solid Objects in Haunted House (1967) 79 A readiness to take up with something new—whatever it may be that comes next to hand.
9.
a. Coming in immediate succession to another in time, sequence, etc.Formerly also with before: †designating the immediately preceding item in a sequence or series (obsolete).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [adjective] > coming next in order
othereOE
followingOE
nextc1300
succeeding1838
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > succession or following in time > [adjective] > succeeding or subsequent > immediately following in time
nextc1300
foremostc1330
nextmost1576
ensuing1611
instant1613
contiguous1622
near-following1625
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > succession or following in time > [adjective] > succeeding or subsequent > following in order > immediately following or coming next > or going before
nextc1300
c1300 St. Michael (Laud) 512 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 314 (MED) Next þe Mone þat fuyr is hext..þe eir is þanne next bi-neothe and tillez riȝt to þe grounde.
a1350 (c1307) in R. H. Robbins Hist. Poems 14th & 15th Cent. (1959) 22 (MED) Helpeþ mi sone & crouneþ him newe, for he is nest to buen y-core.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. 1230 And next upon that other side..yit ther is The point seconde.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) 6948 (MED) Whenne aaron was deed, þe prest his son, eliazar, was neest [a1400 Vesp. neist].
c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 1456 (MED) Sone sall I neuen ȝow þe note þat is next eftir.
1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour i. xxiii. sig. Lviiv Comunely nexte after sengles in daunsing is a reprinse.
1549 Latimer's 2nd Serm. bef. Edw. VI (1869) To Rdr. 46 Numa Pompilus, who was..created king [of] the Romaynes next after Romulus.
1583 T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries iii. 746 As more at large is set downe in the booke next before.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream v. i. 125 His speach was like a tangled Chaine... Who is next? Enter Pyramus, and Thisby, and Wall, and Mooneshine.
1668 Tintinnalogia (1671) 54 So that every time you pull down the bells at Sally, you make a new change differing from that at the Back-stroke next before.
1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 44 William Earl of Pembroke was next, a man of another mould.
1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope I. 65 The Nation of the Chirigriquas is next, running along by the Bay of St. Hellens.
1799 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1834) I. 36 Major General Baird having desired to be relieved—Colonel Wellesley, being next on the roster, was ordered on the same night to command within the fort.
1813 J. Austen Pride & Prejudice I. xiii. 143 What can he mean by apologizing for being next in the entail? View more context for this quotation
1891 N.E.D. at Eight a. and sb. The cardinal numeral next after seven.
1919 R. M. Barclay tr. E. Kraepelin Dementia Praecox & Paraphrenia ii. 21 The idea which is next in the chain of thought is suppressed and replaced by another which is related to it.
1977 ‘M. Yorke’ Cost of Silence xvi. 130 First Pedro—then Emma Widnes—now Jamie Renshaw. Who'll be next?
1988 Yankee July 98/3 Next on the agenda is an automated trapeze show.
b. As subject complement with come, follow, and verbs of similar meaning or function.
ΚΠ
c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Laud) (1901) 960 (MED) Horn child wonede þere Fulle sixe yere; Þe seuenþe, þat cam þe nexte After þe sexte, To Reymyld he ne wende.
a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) viii. 371 Next in ordre cam Phelipp.
c1450 J. Lydgate Secrees (Sloane 2464) 1342 (MED) Now veer is past..next folwyth Estas with his somyr flours.
a1500 (a1450) Generides (Trin. Cambr.) 1940 (MED) Nexst after come the kyng of Nicomede.
1533 J. Gau tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay 9 This command followis nixt effter the iii commandis pertenand to god.
1582 R. Mulcaster 1st Pt. Elementarie xviii. 126 A, alone is the English article, which cometh generallie next before substantiues..onelesse som adiectiue part them.
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 442 The Porphyrite Figs first shew upon the tree... The smallest Figs..come next after.
1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron I. iii. ii It pleased the Queene, that Madam Pampinea should follow next, to second the other gone before.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 446 Thammuz came next behind, Whose annual wound [etc.] . View more context for this quotation
1712 E. Budgell Spectator No. 425. ¶3 September, who came next, seem'd in his Looks to promise a new Spring.
1839 C. Darwin in R. Fitzroy & C. Darwin Narr. Surv. Voy. H.M.S. Adventure & Beagle III. xv. 339 After tobacco indigo came next in value; then capsicum.
1859 C. Dickens Tale of Two Cities iii. xv She goes next before him—is gone; the knitting-women count Twenty-Two.
1884 tr. H. Lotze Logic 452 The very criterion which follows next in order.
1937 T. L. Buick Moa-hunters N.Z. 176 Next in progression came the shoals of red cod—the hoka of the Maori.
1992 New Republic 27 July 8/1 What follows next is four pages of puffery about Perot's supporters in the heartland.
c. colloquial. what next?: ‘what is next?’ ‘what can be next?’ Also whatever next? In early use simply as an elliptical form of question; later used rhetorically in response to an event, piece of information, etc., considered to be so surprising or shocking that its likely sequel is hard to imagine.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > surprise, unexpectedness > exclamation of surprise [interjection]
whatOE
well, wellOE
avoyc1300
ouc1300
ay1340
lorda1393
ahaa1400
hillaa1400
whannowc1450
wow1513
why?1520
heydaya1529
ah1538
ah me!a1547
fore me!a1547
o me!a1547
what the (also a) goodyear1570
precious coals1576
Lord have mercy (on us)1581
good heavens1588
whau1589
coads1590
ay me!1591
my stars!a1593
Gods me1595
law1598
Godso1600
to go out1600
coads-nigs1608
for mercy!a1616
good stars!1615
mercy on us (also me, etc.)!a1616
gramercy1617
goodness1623
what next?1662
mon Dieu1665
heugh1668
criminy1681
Lawd1696
the dickens1697
(God, etc.) bless my heart1704
alackaday1705
(for) mercy's sake!1707
my1707
deuce1710
gracious1712
goodly and gracious1713
my word1722
my stars and garters!1758
lawka1774
losha1779
Lord bless me (also you, us, etc.)1784
great guns!1795
mein Gott1795
Dear me!1805
fancy1813
well, I'm sure!1815
massy1817
Dear, dear!1818
to get off1818
laws1824
Mamma mia1824
by crikey1826
wisha1826
alleleu1829
crackey1830
Madonna mia1830
indeed1834
to go on1835
snakes1839
Jerusalem1840
sapristi1840
oh my days1841
tear and ages1841
what (why, etc.) in time?1844
sakes alive!1846
gee willikers1847
to get away1847
well, to be sure!1847
gee1851
Great Scott1852
holy mackerel!1855
doggone1857
lawsy1868
my wig(s)!1871
gee whiz1872
crimes1874
yoicks1881
Christmas1882
hully gee1895
'ullo1895
my hat!1899
good (also great) grief!1900
strike me pink!1902
oo-er1909
what do you know?1909
cripes1910
coo1911
zowiec1913
can you tie that?1918
hot diggety1924
yeow1924
ziggety1924
stone (or stiffen) the crows1930
hullo1931
tiens1932
whammo1932
po po po1936
how about that?1939
hallo1942
brother1945
tie that!1948
surprise1953
wowee1963
yikes1971
never1974
to sod off1976
whee1978
mercy1986
yipes1989
1662 Duchess of Newcastle Publick Wooing iv. xxxiv, in Playes Written 403 Letgo First I would build an Hospital for decay'd Ladies... 2 Gent. Very good: and what next? Letgo Next I would [etc.].
1782 F. Burney Cecilia II. iv. iv. 160 What next? thought Cecilia; though still she gave him no interruption, for the haughtiness of his manner was repulsive to reply.
a1809 H. Cowley Belle's Stratagem ii. i, in Wks. (1813) 251 Sir Geo. I had rather, when you meet me with Lady Frances, that you should forget that we are acquainted... Dor. What next!
1838 Ld. Shaftesbury Diary 19 Oct. in Life (1886) I. vi. 237 As old ladies say, What next?
1847 C. Brontë Jane Eyre III. i. 27 I mean,—What next? How did you proceed?
1858 Punch 34 2 Well, I'm sure! What next, I wonder!
a1902 F. Norris Pit (1903) iv. 134 Page scolded him roundly. What next? The idea. He was not to be so completely silly.
1956 M. McMinnies Flying Fox iii. iv. 223 Whatever next? Not with all that phenobarb inside you.
1971 Guardian 17 July 8/1 Stocking tops at San Sebastian. What next?
1995 I. Banks Whit xxiv. 379 Now the ghost is saying it's not a ghost. Whatever next?
10. Of a time, season, etc.: immediately following in time; coming directly after the time of writing, speaking, etc.In modern use, next in senses A. 10a and A. 10c is capable of being construed as a postmodifying attributive adjective, and in sense A. 10b as an adverb modifying a following prepositional phrase.
a. In general uses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > succession or following in time > [adjective] > succeeding or subsequent > immediately following in time > of days, etc.
nexta1325
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3791 Oðer day ðor was nest, Agenes moyses and is prest Gan al ðis folc wið wreðe gon.
c1390 G. Chaucer Shipman's Tale 1497 The Sonday next the marchant was agon.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) 19135 (MED) Þe toþer dai atte was neiste, þai geddered out baþ prince & prest.
1525 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles II. viii. 18 To morowe next we shall haue a great assaute.
1596 E. Spenser Second Pt. Faerie Queene vi. iii. sig. Bb3 The morrow next, when day gan to vplooke. View more context for this quotation
1637 in D. G. Hill Dedham (Mass.) Rec. (1892) III. 32 It is agreed..yt it shalbe at liberty untill mid-somer day next.
1723 R. Wodrow Corr. (1843) III. 44 Some are threatened to have their stent-roll heightened in August next, if they come not in and vote.
1793 W. B. Stevens Jrnl. 11 Mar. (1965) i. 72 The Poetry Professorship..will be vacant in Michaelmas Term next.
1835 C. Dickens Let. ?June (1965) I. 64 It will give me pleasure;..and I am sure will be excellent practice for you against Christmas next.
1869 A. Trollope Phineas Finn xxii ‘Are you going out of town next week, Mr Finn?’ The week next to this was Easter Week.
1887 Cent. Mag. Dec. 326/1 With the 15th of February next we shall enter upon the seventieth year of [etc.].
1911 R. G. S. Williams Austral. White Slaves 78 There will be nothing left to the States that the Federal Government would take as a gift after April next.
1927 Daily Express 10 June 9/3 Her prophecy of the end of the world, which she fixes as due to happen on June 31 next.
1975 A. J. P. Taylor Let. 31 Jan. in Lett. to Eva (1991) 223 At 14.15 hours on 21 March next, all being well..I shall step from the British Airways plane at Budapest Airport.
b. With after, ensuing, following, etc.Also with before, etc.: designating the immediately preceding time or season (now rare).
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > succession or following in time > [adjective] > succeeding or subsequent > following in order > immediately following or coming next
nexta1375
nextc1390
succeeding1838
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 2517 (MED) Þei..rested þere..al þat longe day, & al þe niȝt next after.
1387–8 Petition London Mercers in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 34 Nichol Brembre..purposed hym, the yere next after John Northampton, Mair of the same Citee.
1389 in J. T. Smith & L. T. Smith Eng. Gilds (1870) 23 (MED) Yei shulle holden ye day of her fraternite euery yher on ye sonday next aforn ye feste of seynt Cristofore.
1420 in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. I. 68 (MED) Vp on Marie Magdaleyns day next comyng he wele by gynne take hys iourne.
1426–7 W. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 8 Þe nyght next biforn þe feste.
a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail lv. 253 Vppon the Sonday next Sewenge Aftyr that holy vesselis Entringe, The kyng Comaunded there Anon That [etc.].
1474 Rolls of Parl. VI. 108/2 To make open Proclamation..afore the xve of Ester next ensuyng the forseid xxi day of Januar.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 270v Beeyng the daye nexte before his death.
1589 R. Lane in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 746 That he would leaue vs so much shipping and victuall, as about August then next followyng, would cary me and all my companie into England.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. i. 47 Henry shal espouse the Lady Margaret..and Crowne her Queene of England, ere the thirtieth of May next ensuing. View more context for this quotation
1699 J. Wright Hist. Histrionica 11 For several Years next after the Restauration, every whole Sharer in Mr. Hart's Company, got 1000 l. per an.
1748 Duxbury (Mass.) Rec. (1893) 292 Isaac Partridge being obliged to make and maintain a good floom for term of Twenty years next coming.
1779 T. Jefferson Public Papers (1984) 374 All who have resided therein two years next before the passing of this act..shall be deemed citizens.
1869 J. S. Mill Subject. Women ii. 79 The morality of the first ages rested on the obligation to submit to power; that of the ages next following, on the right of the weak to the..protection of the strong.
1898 Act 61 & 62 Vict. c. 37 §113 (1) The grand jury of..the county of Dublin at the Easter presenting term, next after the passing of this Act, may choose [etc.].
1917 N.E.D. at Stir-up Stir-up Sunday,..the Sunday next before Advent.
1975 Jrnl. Law Soc. Scotl. (BNC) 20 146 The first anniversary date on which the periodic charge..will be payable is the anniversary date next after 31st March 1980.
1989 Islamic Stud. 28 292 Fitrah shall be paid to the Majlis or to the Imam not later than the 1st day of Shawal next following.
c. Applied to days of the week, with either the current day or (more usually) the current week as the implicit point of reference. Cf. sense A. 5a.In Scottish use sometimes contrasted with first (see first adj. 4f).
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > succession or following in time > [adjective] > succeeding or subsequent > following in order > immediately following or coming next
nexta1375
nextc1390
succeeding1838
c1390 G. Chaucer Miller's Tale 3518 Now a Monday next, at quarter nyght, Shal falle a reyn.
c1390 G. Chaucer Shipman's Tale 1370 A Sonday next I moste nedes paye An hundred frankes.
?1472 E. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 636 At my comyng, wyche schalle be on Wedynsday next, be þe grace of God.
1567 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure II. xxv. f. 235v If vpon Tuesday nexte thou failest to prepare thy selfe to be at my castel of Uillafranco..I will [etc.].
1621 J. Reynolds Triumphs Gods Revenge: 1st Bk. i. 19 I request you to meete mee on Thursday morning next, at fiue or sixe, on horse-backe, or on foote with your Sword, or Rapier.
1639 in S. Ree Rec. Elgin (1908) II. 235 To intymate upon Sonday nixt that..Sonday cum aucht dayes is ordeant to be a day of..fasting.
1711 E. Budgell Spectator No. 67. ⁋18 The Collection of Pictures which is to be Exposed to Sale on Friday next.
1768 Earl of Carlisle in J. H. Jesse G. Selwyn & his Contemp. (1843) II. 336 I shall go to Fontainbleau on Saturday next.
1832 Graham's Town Jrnl. (S. Afr.) 24 Feb. 33 W. R. Thompson Will hold a Public Sale on Monday next the 27 instant of a variety of fresh Goods.
1881 W. Paul Past & Present Aberdeenshire 46 There will be sold..on Tyesday neisht, a quantity of haberdash.
1949 Jewish Chron. 11 Feb. 1/2 On Monday next Israel's newly elected Constituent Assembly..will hold its first meeting.
1992 J. Torrington Swing Hammer Swing! iv. 21 Come Monday next I fully intended to cease being Dr Munn's catspaw.
†11. Nearest in kinship, friendship, etc. Obsolete.In quot. a1500 at sense A. 1a applied to a person's soul.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > [adjective] > intimate or familiar > nearest in respect of kinship or intimacy
nexta1382
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) Num. xxvii. 11 Þe heritage shal be ȝeue to hem þat been next [L. proximi] to hym.
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) ii. 92 (MED) William vnderstode þat he..was next of blode.
?c1450 Life St. Cuthbert (1891) 6950 (MED) To serue þe saynt he was neste.
a1500 (?a1425) tr. Secreta Secret. (Lamb.) 96 (MED) Begynne at þe knawynge of þyn owen sawle, þat is nest to þe.
1620 J. Wilkinson Treat. Statutes conc. Coroners & Sherifes (new ed.) 44 Make your pannels your selfe of such persons as bee most next, most sufficient, and not suspect.
12. Most closely approaching a particular person or thing in rank, excellence, etc.
a. With a prepositional phrase forming the subject complement. Chiefly with to or after. Now rare.
ΚΠ
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 232 Þe lilye is next to þe rose in worþinesse and nobilite.
c1425 J. Lydgate Troyyes Bk. (Augustus A.iv) ii. 5589 (MED) Nexte to hym [sc. Jupiter]..Is god of bataille, myȝti Mars þe rede.
a1450 York Plays (1885) 2 (MED) Of all þe mightes I haue made moste nexte after me, I make þe [sc. Lucifer] als master and merour of my mighte.
c1475 ( Surg. Treat. in MS Wellcome 564 f. 13 (MED) Gristile is..next in hardnes to þe boon.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Esther x. A Mardocheus the Iewe was the seconde nexte [1611 was next] vnto kynge Ahasuerus.
1578 T. Cooper Thesaurus (new ed.) A rege secundus, next in dignitie after the king.
1606 G. W. tr. Justinus Hist. xi. 48 Promising to performe all Darius request, if he would acknowledge himselfe as next vnto him.
1628 T. Spencer Art of Logick 197 That attribute bordreth next of all to mans particular essence.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals v, in tr. Virgil Wks. 23 At least your Lays Are next to his, and claim the second Praise.
1767 R. Burn Eccl. Law (ed. 2) IV. 456 In every priory, next under the prior was the sub-prior, who assisted the prior..and acted in his stead when absent.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iii. 335 Next to the capital, but next at an immense distance, stood Bristol.
1860 Mercantile Marine Mag. 7 6 Next to an anemometric scale in value, is the Beaufort.
1937 A. F. Hill Econ. Bot. xxi. 510 Paraguay tea..is next to coffee, tea, and cocoa in importance.
b. In an adverbial phrase, loosely modifying the person or thing spoken of. Chiefly with to.
ΚΠ
1562 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 13 The weil-fair of thy Maiestie, nixt efter God to vs..maist deirbelouit in erth.
1595 T. Maynarde Drake his Voy. (1849) 3 That quiet peace which wee, from the hands of Her Majestie (next under God) abundently enjoy.
a1643 J. Burroughs Sovereignty Brit. Seas (1651) 133 Next to the English they are now become the most redoubted Nation at Sea.
1700 S. Parker 6 Philos. Ess. 53 Physicians, of all people, gather most Money next to the Collectors of the Taxes.
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 177 I carried..a great clumsy ugly Goat-Skin Umbrella,..which, after all, was the most necessary Thing I had about me, next to my Gun.
1785 T. Jefferson Let. 19 Aug. in Papers (1953) VIII. 405 The possession of it is what (next to an honest heart) will above all things render you dear to your friends.
1809 W. Irving Hist. N.Y. I. iii. i. 119 They were never either heard or talked of—which, next to being universally applauded, should be the object of ambition of all sage magistrates and rulers.
1824 M. R. Mitford Our Village I. 169 He was, next after Lucy,..by far the best news-gatherer of the country side.
1880 C. R. Markham Peruvian Bark 438 The East Indian source of supply is now the most important next to Colombia.
1909 Daily Chron. 23 June 5/5 The takin..next to the okapi, is the rarest and least known of the ruminants.
1928 Sunday Disp. 15 July 14/3 Next to the Prince of Wales, Shaw is the best box-office puller in the United States.
1980 Verbatim Autumn 1/2 Next after hill the commonest generic is row.
1994 Outdoor Canada Summer 14/1 Concentration is the shooter's greatest asset, next to his gun and shells.
13. next to n. very nearly, almost.Construction with to occurs with many senses, but in this use the phrase forms virtually an intensifying adverb (as is especially shown by its use modifying verbs).
a. With following negative, as next to nothing, next to no time, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > small of quantity, amount, or degree [phrase] > very little
no (none) such1579
next to nothing1596
a fat lot1892
not such (a)1896
the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > [noun] > a small quantity or amount > hardly anything
what little'sOE
little's whatlOE
little or nothingc1450
next to nothing1596
1596 E. Spenser Hymne Heauenly Loue in Fowre Hymnes 28 Of clay, base, vile, and next to nought, Yet form'd by wondrous skill, and by his might.
1656 T. Tucker Rep. in Misc. Sc. Burgh Rec. Soc. (1881) 5 They profered at first that which was next to nothing.
1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 18 They may cost him next to nothing in the Keeping.
1796 F. Burney Camilla III. vi. viii. 289 I get things for next to nothing from her, sometimes, when they are a little past the mode.
1828 D. M. Moir Life Mansie Wauch xi. 185 The old flute was for next to no use at all.
1849 G. Grote Hist. Greece VI. ii. xlviii. 117 Ships, they had few; trained seamen, yet fewer; wealth, next to none.
1885 Manch. Examiner 11 Nov. 5/1 In his letter he has contrived, without being defiant, to concede next to nothing.
1908 J. Barlow Mockers 32 Sure it seemed next to no time before Out we stepped again.
1957 F. Hoyle Black Cloud (1960) 27 The story would spread like wildfire, and would be in the papers in next to no time.
1985 M. Gallant Home Truths 263 The Lakeshore was a string of verdant towns with next to no traffic.
b. With following noun phrase or adjective (usually as predicate), or (occasionally) verb.Usually with hyphen when preceding an adjective used attributively.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adverb] > almost or nearly
nigheOE
well-nigheOE
forneanc1000
well-nearc1175
almostc1261
nighwhatc1300
nearhandc1350
nigh handa1375
nigh handsa1375
as good asc1390
into (right) littlea1413
unto litea1420
nigh byc1430
nearbyc1485
near handsa1500
as near as1517
mosta1538
next door1542
wellmost1548
all but1590
anewst1590
uneath1590
next to1611
nearlya1616
thereaboutsa1616
welly1615
thereabout1664
within (an) ames-ace ofa1670
anear1675
pretty much1682
three parts1711
newsta1728
only not1779
partly1781
in all but name1824
just about1836
nentes1854
near1855
nar1859
just1860
not-quite1870
nearabouta1878
effectively1884
nigh on1887
1611 B. Jonson Catiline iii. sig. F1v I am The scorne of bond-men; who are next to beasts. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 316 Together both with next to Almighty Arme, Uplifted imminent one stroke they aim'd. View more context for this quotation
1699 R. Bentley Diss. Epist. Phalaris (new ed.) 140 The very facility and naturalness of every correction will be next to a Demonstration.., that the Observation must needs be true.
1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 19 It must have been next to miraculous if they had escap'd.
1753 S. Richardson Hist. Sir Charles Grandison II. xiii. 140 He loved his father, but next to adored his mother.
1815 W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania 198 It was thought next to impossible.
1828 Marly: Planter's Life in Jamaica 86 It would therefore, be next to a miracle, if he should detect a single stranger among such a host.
1883 ‘M. Twain’ Life on Mississippi xlvii. 472 Next-to-impossible French names.
1937 W. Plomer Let. in At Home (1958) xiv. 190 It would have been next to impossible to leave the house.
1990 Which? Oct. 550/1 Many features are next to useless, unless you enjoy pressing buttons.
1993 R. Goddard Hand in Glove (BNC) 300 ‘Apart from a next-to-useless photograph all we have—’ ‘Is Maurice dead,’ murmured Ursula.
14. U.S. colloquial.
a. On familiar terms; knowledgeable, well informed or versed, aware. Frequently with to.
ΚΠ
1896 G. Ade Artie ii. 16 I said I was dead sore about not bein' next to the point.
1896 G. Ade Artie xvi. 146 I've been next, I'll tell you those.
1900 G. Ade More Fables 109 She knew that the Treasurer of the Shoe Factory was Next to all these Boarding School Tactics.
1910 P. G. Wodehouse Gentleman of Leisure vii. 66 Sure, he will... He'll be good. He's next to de game, sure.
1921 E. R. Burroughs Mucker 31 ‘You'll understand that it's to avert any possible suspicion later.’ ‘I'm next.’
b. to get next to: to become familiar with or informed about; (also) spec. to have a sexual relationship with. Also to get next: to become acquainted, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > friendliness > make friends with [verb (transitive)]
workOE
friend1483
to make friends (with, of, to)1561
to take up with1570
to pal up (also around, out, etc.)1889
to get next to1896
1896 G. Ade Artie iii. 23 I swore I'd get next, no matter what kind of a brash play I had to make.
1896 G. Ade Artie & Pink Marsh (1963) 68 Get next to the walk, Miller; get on, get on!
1902 ‘D. Dix’ Fables of Elite 85 ‘Do you get Next to my Meaning?’ ‘I am on..and I apprehend that a wink to the Wise is sufficient.’
1936 J. Tully Bruiser iv. 41 She took me for a hundred before I got next.
1944 O. Micheaux Case Mrs. Wingate 31 Wonder if any has ever got next to her?
1957 R. Stout If Death ever Slept (1958) vi. 73 Maybe you can get a lead to it through Brigham. Get next to him.
1978 W. Brown Tragic Magic 43 Growing up, I never thought seriously about getting next to her.
c. to put next to: to make (a person) familiar with; to provide with information about; (also) to introduce to. Also to put next: to inform, enlighten.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > information > action of informing > give (information) [verb (transitive)] > inform (a person)
to teach a person a thingc888
meanOE
wiseOE
sayOE
wittera1225
tellc1225
do to witc1275
let witc1275
let seec1330
inform1384
form1399
lerea1400
to wit (a person) to saya1400
learn1425
advertise1431
givec1449
insense?c1450
instruct1489
ascertain1490
let1490
alighta1500
advert1511
signify1523
reform1535
advise1562
partake1565
resolve1568
to do to ware1594
to let into one's knowledge1596
intellect1599
possess1600
acquainta1616
alighten1615
recommenda1616
intelligence1637
apprise1694
appraise1706
introduce1741
avail1785
prime1791
document1807
to put up1811
to put a person au fait of1828
post1847
to keep (someone) straight1862
monish1866
to put next to1896
to put (one) wise (to)1896
voice1898
in the picture1900
to give (someone) a line on1903
to wise up1905
drum1908
hip1932
to fill (someone) in on1945
clue1948
background1961
to mark a person's card1961
to loop in1994
1896 G. Ade Artie iii. 22 I never put you next to how I come to meet her, did I?
1901 Amer. Silk Jrnl. Nov. 30/2 I will bet there are very few outside the Club, whom I have just put next, know how this name originated.
1903 A. H. Lewis Boss 273 I could put you next to a hundred blokes..who'd do him up for half th' price.
1910 W. M. Raine Bucky O'Connor 225 Mrs. Mackenzie will put you next to the etiquette wrinkles where you are shy.
1913 E. C. Bentley Trent's Last Case vi. 59 ‘Has he any friends?’ interjected Trent. Mr. Bunner [sc. an American] glanced at him sharply. ‘Somebody has been putting you next, I see that.’
1969 ‘H. Pentecost’ Girl Watcher's Funeral (1970) ii. iii. 114 He found out I was an actor... He told me he could put me next to some guy who was making underground films.
III. With noun or noun phrase as complement. (In modern English grammar usually treated as prep.) Sometimes following the noun in early (and hence also later archaic) use.
15.
a. Nearest to (a person, place, etc.) in position; by the side of; (now esp.) adjacent to, adjoining.In Old English and early Middle English with the dative.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > distance > nearness > near to [preposition] > next to or beside
nexteOE
toc1000
alongstc1180
besidesc1200
besidec1275
next handa1400
hard byc1450
juxta1860
upsides1883
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > newness or novelty > recency > [adverb] > most recently
latesteOE
nexteOE
lastc1225
eOE King Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. (Otho) xxxix. 129 Swa swa sio nafu færð neahst þære eaxe.
OE Crist I 398 [Hy] þringað georne hwylc hyra nehst mæge ussum nergende flihte lacan.
c1225 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Bodl.) (1938) 6 Strengðe stont nest hire.
a1250 (?c1200) Sawles Warde (Titus) (1938) 7 (MED) Þe feorðe suster Rihtwisnesse sit hom nest as demande.
c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) 24168 Ich þe ȝeue Neustrie nexste mine riche.
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 2251 (MED) On þe quen fel he, Next her naked side.
c1390 G. Chaucer Sir Thopas 2050 And next his sherte an aketoun, And ouer that an haubergeoun.
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 7755 Handis on ȝour felawe leie, on þe Breton þat sittis ȝou next.
a1500 Legend of Cross in Medium Ævum (1965) 34 217 (MED) Moises..thiese roddis..at the roote of the Mount planted, next whiche of the Lord he is buried.
1591 E. Spenser Virgil's Gnat in Complaints sig. I3v There next the vtmost brinck doth he abide.
1593 R. Henryson Test. Cresseid sig. Aiii His Chalmer was thame neist.
1607 B. Jonson Volpone iv. ii. sig. I4v Your nose enclines (That side, that's next the Sunne) to the Queene-apple. View more context for this quotation
1611 G. Markham Countrey Contentm. (1615) i. viii. 93 When the hawke offers to goe to the stand, let him which is next her cast out his traine.
1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 56 All of them..wear Drawers next their Skin.
1722 D. Defoe Jrnl. Plague Year 177 A mad Dog..will fly upon and bite any one that comes next him.
1764 O. Goldsmith Hist. Eng. in Lett. (1772) I. 23 All the trading and maritime towns next the continent.
1822 C. Lamb in London Mag. Sept. 245/2 Tearing up whole handfuls of the scorched skin with the flesh next it.
1876 G. W. Thornbury Hist. & Legendary Ballads & Songs 27 He..gave the bowl To him who sat him next.
1891 Law Times 90 395/1 Placing wooden rails on the side next the glebe land and field stakes..on the side next the plaintiff's field.
1915 V. Woolf Voy. Out x She took hold of the hand that was next her; it chanced to be Miss Allan's hand.
1958 H. G. Sanders Outl. Brit. Crop Husbandry (ed. 3) 273 Many farmers..allow the..tractor to crush down the corn next the hedge.
1986 R. A. Jamieson Thin Wealth iii. 158 The thin man in the bed next Lowrie's woke up and stared at her.
†b. next a person's hand: nearest at hand, most close by. Also figurative. Obsolete.next one's heart: see heart n. 4.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > distance > nearness > near by [phrase] > nearest or very near
fast byc1300
next a person's handa1400
next handa1400
at (the) nextc1449
hard by1535
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 62 (MED) He þat titthest [read stitthest] wenis at stand, Warre hym his fall is nexst his hand.
1611 Second Maiden's Trag. (1909) iv. i. 51 Laye some impoysond weopen next her hand.
a1774 O. Goldsmith Surv. Exper. Philos. (1776) I. 212 Suppose I take any thing that is next my hand, a walking cane for instance.
1856 N. Amer. Rev. Oct. 527 He was a conscientious man, who..had great success in doing the duty next his hand.
1893 Atlantic Monthly June 17 Virgil..will often be found on the shelf, while Horace lies on the student's table next his hand.
†16.
a. Nearest to, or adjacent to (a person, thing, etc.), in character, condition, rank, etc. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > [adjective] > most important
mosteOE
foremostc1000
headOE
headlyOE
nexta1200
umest1513
primary1565
headest1577
ruling1590
forward1591
capital1597
of the first magnitude1643
palmary1646
top1647
prepondering1651
headmost1661
home1662
life-and-death1804
palmarian1815
bada1825
key1832
première1844
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > [adjective] > approaching most closely in rank or excellence
nexta1200
the world > relative properties > relationship > similarity > [adjective] > most similar to
nexta1200
a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 9 (MED) Þe man mai be god next þe him beð iqueme.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 7700 He ȝæf þæan hæhste þe eoden him næxte ȝefuen swiðe riche.
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 3321 Þe erl aþ tueie men him next, briȝthoel & Iordan.
c1400 (c1378) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Laud 581) (1869) B. i. 202 (MED) Loue is leche of lyf and nexte oure lorde selue.
c1475 (?c1400) Apol. Lollard Doctr. (1842) 5 (MED) Places ne orderis makun not vs nekist God.
1572 in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxxviii. 20 Thy style was Treschristien, maist Cristen King, Baith hiest and friest, and neist the impyre.
1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum 230 A vehement asseveration, which is next an oath.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 79 One next himself in power, and next in crime. View more context for this quotation
1750 S. Johnson Rambler No. 1 (1753) I A degree of solicitude next that of an author.
?1847 H. Taylor Eve of Conquest in Wks. (1877–8) III. 290 He essay'd to gild This thunder-cloud of dark design to me With promise of a station next himself.
b. In an adverbial phrase, loosely modifying the person or thing spoken of: most closely approaching in importance, value, etc. Also simply: except. Cf. sense A. 12b. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1390 G. Chaucer Prioress's Tale 1656 She hir self is honour and the roote Of bountee, next hir sone.
c1480 (a1400) St. Machor 461 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 14 For þu nixt god is my fadir.
a1500 (c1340) R. Rolle Psalter (Univ. Oxf. 64) (1884) cxxxii. 3 In thaim lightis the oynment of the halygaste, neste apostils.
a1500 (?a1422) J. Lydgate Life Our Lady (Adv.) in W. B. D. D. Turnbull Visions of Tundale (1843) 123 Where neest thi son thou hast souerente.
1526 Pylgrimage of Perfection (de Worde) f. 82 To ye whiche next mekenes and obedyence..we must apply our exercyse.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 287 The thing that in this worlde I loue best, next my wyfe and children.
a1631 J. Donne Paradoxes (1652) sig. E7v Avarice is the greatest deadly sin next Pride.
1679 J. Banks Destr. Troy iv. i. 49 Thou art the only Man next proud Achilles, That I'de be glad to kill.
1710 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 1 Oct. The greatest punner of this town next myself.
1812 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Paradiso xxviii. 113 Dominations first; next them, Virtues; and powers the third.
1854 T. Martin tr. A. Oehlenschläger Correggio iv. 97 Your wife..loved Herself, and next herself, whatever pleased Her senses and her whims.
B. adv.
†1. Last, on the final occasion. Also: most recently; previously. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [adverb] > last or after all the others
nextOE
lastOE
OE Cynewulf Crist II 535 Gewitan him þa gongan to Hierusalem hæleð hygerofe, in þa halgan burg, geomormode, þonan hy god nyhst up stigende eagum segun.
OE Blickling Homilies 125 Seo stow þe Drihten lichomlice nehst on stod her on middangearde.
OE Genesis B 536 Ic wat hwæt he me self bebead..þa ic hine nehst geseah.
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 134 Aȝein glutunie is his poure pitance..o rode..þe dei þet he wes baðe i sar swinc & ilete blod as ich nest [a1250 Nero er] seide.
c1300 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Otho) 5036 Nou hit his seoue ȝer þat þou nexst were her.
a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) 10344 (MED) On o day..yn-to þe baþ ȝede þe prest And wesshe hym, as he dyd neste.
2.
†a. With after or before: in the next place, immediately. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [adverb] > immediately
belivea1375
nexta1375
immediately1466
immediate1532
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) 1397 Meliors..made hem as moche ioye..kessing hire fader, &..william next after.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) 261 (MED) Adam..To wham God hade geven..Alle þe blysse..And þose..þat lyved next after.
1511 Pylgrymage Richarde Guylforde (Pynson) f. xxviij Than next after we come to ye hous of Symyonis.
1540 R. Jonas tr. E. Roesslin Byrth of Mankynde i. f. xxviii Of the same..strength with the other pylles spoken of here nexte before.
1562 N. Winȝet Certain Tractates (1888) I. 29 Can ȝe think him in ony vther gre, bot nyxt efter to speir gif Christ be borne?
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvii. 157 When a man..in defence of his life, snatch away another mans Sword, he is totally Excused, for the reason next before alledged.
b. In the next place; immediately afterwards.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > after, afterwards, or later > immediately afterwards
thereright971
rightc1175
anonc1225
at (the) nextc1275
hereuponc1385
nexta1387
thereona1400
thereupona1400
synea1425
sincec1450
nextly1572
whereon1600
the world > relative properties > order > order, sequence, or succession > preceding or following in order > [adverb] > next in order
nexta1387
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 435 (MED) So þat he þat schal dye first schal be slawe of hym þat schal dye next.
a1393 J. Gower Confessio Amantis (Fairf.) i. 256 (MED) Next above alle othre schewe Of love I wol the propretes.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 26138 (MED) To quam, i sal þe tell here nexist [a1400 Fairf. nest], þou sal þe scriue.
c1480 (a1400) St. Katherine 939 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 469 Syne þar neste I sall gere turment þe fulfaste.
a1513 W. Dunbar Ballat Passioun in Poems (1998) I. 35 Nixt all in purpyr thay him cled.
a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 378 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 106 Next ye souerane signe was sekerly sene..The armes of ye dowglass.
a1530 (c1425) Andrew of Wyntoun Oryg. Cron. Scotl. (Royal) vi. 1873 Syne neyst he thowcht to be kyng.
1602 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor ii. ii. 244 Ile first make bold with your mony, Next, giue me your hand. Lastly [etc.].
1649 J. Milton Εικονοκλαστης x. 90 First by his..mistrust.., Next by his hatred.
1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. ii. 78 Did they not, next, compel the Nation, To take, and break the Protestation?
1721 A. Ramsay Prospect of Plenty 103 A meaner phantom neist..Attacks with senseless fears the weaker head.
1744 J. Thomson Summer in Seasons (new ed.) 98 The blank Assistants seem'd, Silent, to ask, whom Fate would next demand.
a1774 R. Fergusson Poems (1956) II. 140 Niest the gudewife her hireling damsels bids Glowr thro' the byre.
1828 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. I. xi. 378 She next furnishes it with a store of pollen.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. xi. 76 Our way next lay up a steep incline.
1871 B. Jowett tr. Plato Dialogues I. 146 Hippias the sage spoke next.
1915 W. Cather Song of Lark i. xiii. 92 In a few seconds..Wunsch had actually felled the dove-house. ‘Oh, if only it is not the trees next!’ prayed Paulina.
1974 O. Manning Rain Forest i. i. 4 He never knew what she would do or say next.
2001 Vogue (U.S. ed.) Apr. 298/2 Next he made a tiny cut..under her chin.
c. colloquial. In ironic predictions expressing indignation or alarm: as the next thing that happens.
ΚΠ
1698 M. Pix Deceiver Deceived i. 1 Gerv. Will ye but hear me? Bond. No, I've seen too much; you'll make me deaf next, I suppose, sirrah, and then set the World upon abusing me.
?1753 J. Armstrong Taste in Misc. (1770) I. 135 ‘You grow so squeamish and so dev'lish dry, You'll call Lucretius vapid next.’ Not I.
1778 F. Burney Evelina II. xvi. 151 ‘I fancy there is some misunderstanding—’ ‘What, I suppose you'll tell me next you don't know nothing of the matter?’
1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby lvii I rinse it genteelly with a little drop, which I'm forced to throw into the fire—hallo! we shall have the chimbley alight next.
1897 H. G. Wells Invisible Man xxiii ‘You were—well, robbing.’ ‘Robbing! Confound it! You'll call me a thief next!’
1913 A. Lunn Harrovians ii. 311 Oh rot! I say, rot! You'll be telling me next that a man's keener on getting some bally scholarship than on getting his fez.
1993 M. Bowring Vets in Opposition (BNC) ‘But foxes are beautiful,’ his daughter protested... Mr Jarvis..said ruefully, ‘See what I'm up against? It'll be “sweet” little fleas next.’
2000 J. Pemberton Forever & ever Amen 4 Publishers? Agents? Best-sellers, eh?.. My my, young man, you'll be wanting jam on it next.
3. On the first future or subsequent occasion; on the next such occasion.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > after, afterwards, or later > on the first future occasion
nextc1400
c1400 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Trin. Cambr. R.3.14) (1960) A. vii. 155 (MED) [Wastour] countide peris at a pese..And manacide hym & his men whanne he next metten.
c1450 C. d'Orleans Poems (1941) 178 Nought me nyst as what was best to do To speke or writ when next y came hir to.
1536 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) II. 43 When it shal fortune me next to speke with your lordship.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 238 When he should nexte bee in dooyng sacrifice.
1599 J. T. Ovld Facioned Love 7 Were you affeard, olde Mopsus would reueale it, When next I write..Ile bring't my selfe, and so we may conceale it.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 439 Weapons more violent, when next we meet, May serve to better us. View more context for this quotation
1741 S. Richardson Pamela III. xiii. 60 A few other Alterations..are to be finished against we go down next.
1782 W. Cowper John Gilpin 251 When he next doth ride abroad May I be there to see.
1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair lvi The contrast of its simplicity and delicacy with the coarse pomposity of the dull old man with whom he next came in contact.
1875 Ld. Tennyson Queen Mary iii. v. 165 When next there comes a missive from the Queen.
1902 J. Conrad Typhoon ii. 15 When next Jukes..happened on the bridge his commander observed: ‘There's nothing amiss with that flag.’
1971 P. C. C. Garnham Progress in Parasitol. iii. 27 When the insect next bites, the infection inevitably enters the new host.
1992 Sunday Observer (Sri Lanka) 6 Sept. (New Delhi ed.) (Colour Mag.) 1/2 In all probability, the saffron brigade would be the most camera friendly when the Parliament meets next.
C. n.
†1. In most senses an absolute or elliptical use of the adjective with the noun head understood from the context.
a. One who, or that which, is last. Obsolete.Only in Old English.
ΚΠ
eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) lxxii. 13 (17) Donec intrem in sanctuarium dei, et intellegam nouissima eorum : oð ðæt ic ingae in godes halig portic & ongete ða nestan heara.
OE (Mercian) Rushw. Gospels: Matt. xix. 30 Multi autem erunt nouissimi primi, et primi nouissimi : monige þonne beoþan þa ærestu næhstu & þa næhstu ærestu.
OE Paris Psalter (1932) cxxxviii. 3 Efne þu, drihten, eall oncneowe þa ærestan, eac þa nehstan.
b. at next: at (the) last. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter: Canticles & Hymns (1965) vii. 27 (20) Ostendam quid erit eis in nouissimo : [ic] oteawu hwet bið him ot nestan.
OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Matt. xxvi. 60 Nouissime autem uenerunt duo falsi testes : æt nesta ða cuomon twoege leaso..gewitneso.
OE Ælfric Catholic Homilies: 2nd Ser. (Cambr. Gg.3.28) xxxix. 327 Ða æt nextan comon ða stuntan mædenu.
a1225 ( Ælfric's Homily De Initio Creaturae (Vesp. A.xxii) in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 227 Þa et nextan [OE Royal æt nextan], þa se time com þe god forescewede, þa sende he his ængel to ane mede.
†2. One's neighbour; one's fellow human. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > type of inhabitant generally > [noun] > neighbour
nexteOE
neighboureOE
neighbouressa1425
promea1425
confines1531
door-neighbour1562
confiner1599
by-dweller1611
by-inhabitanta1657
Mrs Next-Door1855
nigh-dweller1867
eOE (Mercian) Vespasian Psalter (1965) xxvii. 4 Cum his qui loquuntur pacem cum proximo suo : mid ðissum ða ðe spreocað sibbe mid ðone nestan his.
OE (Northumbrian) Lindisf. Gospels: Mark xii. 31 Diliges proximum tuum tamquam te ipsum : lufa ðone neesta ðinne suæ ðec seolfne.
OE Vercelli Homilies (1992) iii. 73 Þonne is seo soðe lufu þæt he sie gefylled mid þære godcundan lufan & his nehstan.
OE Paris Psalter (1932) cxxi. 8 For mine broðru ic bidde nu and mine þa neahstan nemne swylce þæt we sibbe on ðe symble habbon.
a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 13 (MED) Ne spec þu aȝein þine nexta nane false witnesse.
a1275 (?c1200) Prov. Alfred (Trin. Cambr.) (1955) 114 (MED) Ac loke þine nexte, He is ate nede god.
a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 3515 Ne gisce ðu nog[t] ðin nestes ðing.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 145 (MED) Loue þine nixte ase þi-zelue.
c1485 (c1300) Assumption of Virgin (Harl.) 428 (MED) Yf he..telle it oute vnto the preste, or..vnto his nexte..I woll of hym haue mercy.
†3.
a. at (the) next: in the immediate vicinity; (also) without an intermediary, directly. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > relative time > the future or time to come > [adverb] > after, afterwards, or later > immediately afterwards
thereright971
rightc1175
anonc1225
at (the) nextc1275
hereuponc1385
nexta1387
thereona1400
thereupona1400
synea1425
sincec1450
nextly1572
whereon1600
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 12668 Þa seolue Romleoden liðen heom to-somne. þat weoren at nexte of Rome þa hexte.
c1440 (?a1400) Morte Arthure 2422 Abowte the cete..they soughte at þe nextte, To seke them a sekyre place.
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 271 What a man mai not haue..at the next and immediatli, he wole be..weel plesid for to haue it mediatli.
b. at (the) next: directly following in time or sequence. on next: subsequently, thereafter. Obsolete.In quots. a1500 and 1511 used emphatically with to-morn.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > distance > nearness > near by [phrase] > nearest or very near
fast byc1300
next a person's handa1400
next handa1400
at (the) nextc1449
hard by1535
c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 177 Immediatli at next to the now bifore alleggid text of Peter this proces folewith.
c1450 (a1400) Orologium Sapientiæ in Anglia (1888) 10 363 I see & know þat I maye no lenger lyue and þat deth is atte þe nexte.
c1450 (?a1400) Wars Alexander (Ashm.) 2795 (MED) Þen to Nostanda on next þus notis he a lettir.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1897–1973) 124 (MED) I profer To gyf all in my cofer To morne at next to offer hyr hed mas penny.
1511 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1844) I. 82 All pynouris..to enter tomorne at the nixt, & clenge the toune of all myddingis.
1611 J. Donne Anat. World sig. B3 Shee..Whome had that Ancient seen, who thought soules made Of Harmony, he would at next haue said That Harmony was shee.
4.
a. The closest relative; the closest kinsman or kinswoman. Frequently in next of (one's) blood, next of kindred. Also figurative. Now chiefly archaic.See also next akin n. at Compounds 3, next of kin n.
ΚΠ
c1325 (c1300) Chron. Robert of Gloucester (Calig.) 6729 Min frend & mi nexte ney stondeþ aȝe me.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1872) IV. 155 (MED) Þe feeldes wiþ oute eny plee schulde falle to þe nexte [?a1475 anon. tr. nyeste; L. propinquiores] of þe blood.
?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 124 His sonne or þe next of his blude.
a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail XLV. 166 I wile that the lond his be, As next of my kyn ful sekerle.
a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 19 (MED) His sone or ellis the next of his blood schuld be sette in his steede.
1596 Raigne of Edward III (1897) i. sig. A3 The French obscurd your mothers Priuiledge, And though she were the next of blood, proclaymed Iohn of the house of Valoys now their king.
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 i. iii. 144 Was not he proclaim'd By Richard that dead is, the next of bloud? View more context for this quotation
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xix. 100 And therefore where the Custome is, that the next of Kindred absolutely succeedeth, there also the next of Kindred hath right to the Succession.
1705 E. Ward Fair Shell ii. 42 If a lawful Prince deserts his Throne, Who but the next of Blood should sit thereon?
1769 O. Goldsmith Rom. Hist. I. 13 Having previously communicated his intentions to his five next of kindred.
1847 R. W. Emerson Poems 121 South wind is my next of blood; He is come through fragrant wood.
1858 M. Oliphant Laird of Norlaw (1859) I. 248 Melmar, the present laird—I canna blame him, he was the next of the blood after hersel', nae doubt he thought she was dead and gane.
1875 Scribner's Monthly Mar. 644/1 The next of the blood prosecuted his death with great violence against the tiler.
1931 William & Mary Coll. Q. Hist. Mag. 11 107 Dudley Richardson, heir and next of kindred of the widow, Ann Shermer.
†b. With of. The person who is next in line to a particular throne, title, etc. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1607 T. Middleton Revengers Trag. ii. sig. C3v The Next of Italy commends him to you.
5.
a. The next person or thing (in a sequence, hierarchy, etc., indicated in the context).
ΚΠ
a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 327 Euerich simple nombre byneþe ten is digitus, and ten is þe firste articulus, and þe nexte is twenty.
a1425 J. Wyclif Sel. Eng. Wks. (1871) II. 4 (MED) Þis gospel telliþ, as þe nexte bifore, how Joon made redy þe weye to Crist.
c1425 (?a1400) Arthur (Longleat 55) 508 Þe kyng Maxymyan—Þe next after Octauyan.
?1518 Cocke Lorelles Bote sig. B.j The nexte that came was a coryar And a cobeler his brother.
1531 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Chron. Scotl. (1938) I. iv. v. 142 [Two rulers] the first havand autorite to distroye thair blude and the nixt to devoir thair substance.
1597 C. Middleton Famous Hist. Chinon iv. sig. F3 Hee first appoints Syr Lancelot, who..laying hold of the sword with a maine force..could nothing at all remoue it. The next was sir Tristram.
1610 Bible (Douay) II. 2 Macc. vii. 7 That first therfore being dead in this maner, they brought the next to make him a mocking stocke.
1616 J. Lane Contin. Squire's Tale (Douce 170) (1888) xi. 204 Next came a woman with distended hears... The next that entred was a mightie knight of limbes and posture.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iv. 781 When Gabriel to his next in power thus spake. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Æneis i, in tr. Virgil Wks. 232 The goblet then she took..And rais'd it to her Mouth..Then..offer'd to the next in place.
1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. i. vii. 23 Whoever escapes Punishment in this Life will be sure to find it in the next.
1760–1 C. Lennox Ladies Museum I. 138 Not so the Earth, the next in order of the planets.
1832 J. F. Cooper Heidenmauer II. xi. 146 Heinrich and the smith were the couple next to the Count and the Prior, and of course they were the next to cross the stage.
1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin I. xvii. 283 The first one of you that comes..is a dead man, and the next, and the next.
1881 J. Grant Cameronians I. iii. 30 The next who was knocked over was your good-man, Mrs. Garth.
1915 J. Buchan Thirty-nine Steps ii. 37 I would be the next to go. It might be that very night.
1961 J. R. R. Tolkien Let. 4 Nov. (1995) 309 An enormous rock..passed between me and the next in front.
2001 K. Walker & M. Schone Son of Grifter xiii. 120 I..ran from one window to the next.
b. spec. One's next communication; the next instalment, publication, etc.Originally used esp. of letters; later also with reference to serial publication of novels, etc.In quot. 16552: the next post.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > correspondence > letter > [noun] > last, next, or your letter
yours1536
last1545
next1595
the favour of your letter1706
society > communication > correspondence > postal services > [noun] > next post
next1595
society > communication > printing > publishing > a publication > [noun] > next number of publication
next1893
1595 T. Lodge Fig for Momus sig. H2 Thus in requital of thy kind good will, My hart..Presents great thanks, these counsailes graue, and true, And till my next, occasion bids adue.
1616 B. Jonson Poëtaster (rev. ed.) To Rdr., in Wks. I. 353 Her [sc. Tragedy's] fauours in my next [i.e. my next play] I will pursue, Where, if I proue the pleasure but of one..He shall b' alone A Theatre vnto me.
1635 H. Wotton Let. 24 Nov. in L. P. Smith Life & Lett. Sir H. Wotton (1907) II. 357 I shall give your Lordship in my next an account of your Etonians.
1655 I. Walton Compl. Angler (ed. 2) i. 16 This for the birds of pleasure, of which very much more might bee said. My next shall be of Birds of political use.
1655 in E. Nicholas Nicholas Papers (1892) II. 282 My seruice to my beloued Lord Gerrard, to whome I will write by the next.
1657 S. Colvil Mock Poem (1751) 99 And how he cited ends of verse..At which some laugh'd, and some were vex'd, Ye'll be advertis'd by the next.
1704 Duke of Marlborough Let. 29 Apr. in H. L. Snyder Marlborough–Godolphin Corr. (1975) I. 281 My next will lett you know for certaine wher I shall serve this summer.
1793 W. Cowper Let. 25 Apr. (1984) IV. 326 I..shall be obliged to you if in your next you will mention [etc.].
1867 J. Ruskin Time & Tide xxii. §145 To reserve suggestions of answer for my next.
1893 J. H. McCarthy Red Diamonds III. 172 Some serial story which stopped at an exciting point with the words—To be continued in our next.
1986 T. Mo Insular Possession xviii. 205 Until then, and pending my next, I am (in the ‘lingo’ of old John Company), your loving friend.
c. colloquial. the next one knows: = the next thing one knows at sense A. 4c.
ΚΠ
1863 Harper's Mag. Oct. 615/1 Some single stroke of your steel, there's a blower broke like a bubble of hell; the next you know you're in eternity!
1868 Atlantic Monthly Nov. 628/2 The next I knew after that they had the irons on me.
1903 J. London Call of Wild i The next he knew, he was dimly aware that..he was being jolted along in some kind of a conveyance.
1980 F. Buechner Godric 47 They'd draw along as if for news or succor, and the next we knew, they'd have their grapples out.

Compounds

C1.
next adjacent adj.
ΚΠ
1622 in W. Mackay & G. S. Laing Rec. Inverness (1924) II. 159 That ye cause the next adiacent nichtbouris keipe nichtbored conforme to the said lyning in all pointis.
1704 J. Ray Wisdom of God (ed. 4) ii. 319 To discharge the refluent Blood into the next adjacent trunk.
1982 Ecology 63 1153/2 The values also included the watershed areas of the next adjacent lake both upstream and downstream.
next adjoining adj.
ΚΠ
c1565 ‘T. C.’ tr. G. Boccaccio Galesus Cymon & Iphigenia sig. C.jv Hym, they Prysoner ledde, to next adioynyng Towne.
1700 Moxon's Mech. Exercises: Bricklayers-wks. 22 In working up the Walls of a Building, do not work any Wall above 3 foot high before you work up the next adjoining Wall.
1970 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 57 174/2 Each can accommodate the staining group between the carboxyl oxygen of one monomer and a hydroxyl oxygen of the next adjoining monomer in the chain.
next-born adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > relationship to parent > [adjective] > next-born, last-born, etc.
middlec1275
youngest-borna1325
next-born?a1400
last-born1609
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. 4935 Þritty oþer þidere went of þe best þat he mot fynde, next born of his awen kynde.
1612 M. Drayton Poly-olbion i. 9 The Oracles gaue out, that next borne Brute should bee His Parents onelie death.
1888 Science 28 Sept. 146/1 The boy soon gave up his idioglottic endeavors, learning German before his next-born sister had reached the age of beginning speech.
1995 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 55 16 When a child died young, the next-born child of the same sex was frequently given the same first name.
† next-drawn adj. Obsolete rare
ΚΠ
1898 G. Meredith Odes French Hist. 10 Such enemies of her next-drawn breath she had.
next ensuing adj.
ΚΠ
1567 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure II. xxv. f. 240v [He] commaunded him the nexte ensuing night to speede him self to Uerona.
1704 E. Ward Dissenting Hypocrite 71 Whiggish Spices, That should, in Frolick, Season High The next ensuing Calves-Head-Pye.
1979 Q. Rev. Biol. 54 52/1 According to that view..scientific progress will decline broadly and generally in the next ensuing years.
next following adj.
ΚΠ
?a1600 (a1500) Sc. Troy Bk. (Cambr.) l. 567 in C. Horstmann Barbour's Legendensammlung (1882) II. 244 Apone the next folowinge day, Als sasly it was maide perfay.
?1768–9 Encycl. Brit. (1771) I. 486/2 Beginning at the moment when some star rose, and continuing until it rose the next following morning.
1902 W. James Varieties Relig. Experience xiv–xv. 185 The next following Sunday..behold the Son of God..takes her in His arms.
next-lying adj.
ΚΠ
1893 Cent. Mag. Sept. 677/1 They [sc. mists]..creep softly down the slopes, and fill the next-lying valley.
1901 N.E.D. at Juxta a. Next-lying, immediately adjacent.
C2. With superlatives, as next most, next nearest, next worst, etc., with the sense ‘most —— apart from the one already or about to be mentioned’. See also next best adj.
ΚΠ
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) 26877 (MED) Þe quilk i tald þe of resun In þe neist [a1400 Fairf. next] formast questiun.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene i. iv. sig. D6 Ah deare Sansioy, next dearest to Sansfoy.
1699 E. Ward Mod. Relig. & Anc. Loyalty 12 Subjects Allegiance may be then Transfer'd, To that Great Mind whose Wise Capacious Soul, Hath rais'd him to be next most fit to Rule.
1719 J. Chamberlayne tr. B. Nieuwentyt Relig. Philosopher III. xxv. §10 The next biggest Animalculum or Insect.
1776 J. Bentham Fragm. on Govt. 207 The first sentence examined. The most obvious sense of it nugatory... The next most obvious extravagant.
1837 F. Palgrave Merchant & Friar (1844) Ded. 7 Quoting one's own books is next worst to eating one's own words.
1892 G. A. Hutchison Outdoor Games 508 The three men nearest the opponents' goal should practice throwing at goal... The two players next nearest are called the ‘attack fields’.
1922 H. Crane Let. 29 Sept. (1965) 100 One added verse..to be inserted as the next-last.
1988 Jrnl. Royal Mus. Assoc. 113 284 The next most important liturgical source for Grandi's texts were antiphons.
C3.
next akin n. now rare a person's closest relative or relatives; = next of kin n.
ΚΠ
1556 N. Grimald tr. Cicero Thre Bks. Duties i. f. 18v They be iniurious vnto their next akinne.
1700 S. Pepys Let. 12 Apr. in Private Corr. (1926) I. 322 To forfite his whole inheritance.., and transfering the right therof ipso facto to the next akinn.
1760 Mod. Part Universal Hist. XVI. xvii. vii. 374 The next akin succeeds to the effects of the deceased.
1825 S. De Renzy Life, Love, & Politics I. iii. 87 There is, no doubt, somebody who will call himself your next akin, when you are stopped short with a knock on the head!
1847 Times 5 Nov. 1/2 The next akin of Mr. Bodfield..will hear of a trifle to their advantage by a satisfactory answer, post paid, to this advertisement.
1902 N. Amer. Jrnl. Homœopathy 17 417 Sometimes the medicine is consumed by the medicine-man himself, or given to a near friend or the next akin.
next big thing n. the latest popular sensation; the newest trend in a particular field.In earlier use not a fixed collocation; cf. big thing n. at big adj. and adv. Compounds 2.
ΚΠ
1869 Erie (Pa.) Observer 22 Apr. (advt.) The next big thing is the Empire grain drill!
1965 New Musical Express 18 June The James Brown style is going to be the next big thing, according to the Who.
2001 N.Y. Times 8 Apr. c14/4 Mr Gates and his company are making a huge bet that the Next Big Thing is a concept that Microsoft executives call the Internet user experience.
next-day adj. of or relating to the following day; esp. designating a service, etc., to be provided by the following day.
ΚΠ
1962 Public Opinion Q. 26 626 These techniques..deal with data on immediate retention, next-day recall, brand attitudes, [etc.].
1978 Jrnl. Industr. Econ. 27 100 The probability of next-day delivery would drop to about 85%, because some letters would miss the first ‘wave’.
2001 Daily Record (Glasgow) (Electronic ed.) 17 Sept. We offer a same day or next day service at a very competitive premium.
next-generation adj. (a) of or relating to the next generation (of a family, lineage, etc.); (b) (of a product, process, technology, etc.) belonging to the next stage of development of its type (cf. generation n. 4c(b)).
ΚΠ
1955 Amer. Jrnl. Sociol. 61 14/2 The siblings of the members..followed their parents, with..some ‘next-generation’ modification and liberalization.
1965 Jrnl. Finance 20 No. 4. (Advt. section) p. x This approach is applied to one next-generation system, the IBM 360.
1995 Evolution 49 1123/2 We must calculate the resulting change in overall relatedness of the individual to next-generation individuals.
2001 Wall St. Jrnl. 7 Aug. a14/1 Chrysler's next-generation sedans would have engines mounted transversely or ‘east-west’, under the hood.
next off adj. and adv. colloquial (coming) next in sequence; cf. first off at first adj., adv., and n.2 Phrases 2g.
ΚΠ
1972 P. Cave Mama (1974) v. 34 Next off, we gotta do something about all the stragglers who don't belong to an official chapter.
1987 G. McCaughrean Little Lower than Angels 43 Next off, we must get you a pair of wings, my son.
1992 Fly Past Dec. 18 Baron von Richthofen..is the first in a new series of 12 figures... Next off is Mick Mannock.
next to last adj. usually attributive (with hyphen), immediately preceding the last, penultimate.
ΚΠ
1867 Ladies' Repository Jan. 56/2 The ice period is supposed to be long subsequent to this [tropical period], and next to last before the advent of this earth.
1891 A. M. Home Work 71 Work ch[ain] of 5 from middle of next to last scallop and 1 s[ingle] c[rochet] between 1st and 2nd d[ouble] c[rochet] of last scallop.
1973 T. Pynchon Gravity's Rainbow i. 133 They have taken the next-to-last steps.
1992 Esquire (BNC) Apr. 106 On my next-to-last day I take a taxi to the Roman ruins at Tipasa.
next up adj. and adv. colloquial (coming) next in sequence.
ΚΠ
1977 Washington Post 28 Mar. (Sports section) d1 Down to the umpire's last raspy ‘all right, next up’.
1982 R. Rankin Brentford Triangle 158 The New Inn had retired from the competition. Next up were the North Star and the Princess Royal.
1995 Canad. Jewish News 11 May 40/3 Next up for Saltzman is a role as the clothing designer.
2000 Independent 1 Mar. i. 5/8 Next up, a ‘Home Girl meets Bet Lynch’ look.
next world n. a realm believed to be inhabited by the spirits or souls of the dead, the afterlife; heaven or hell.
ΚΠ
a1625 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Two Noble Kinsmen (1634) iv. iii. 13 For in the next world will Dido see Palamon. View more context for this quotation
1722 R. Blackmore Redemption i. 25 Joys immortal and consummate bliss In the next world attain'd, tho' not in this.
1883 E. Arnold Pearls of Faith 318 ‘Al-Sirât’, the narrow bridge which all must cross from this to the next world.
1992 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 30 Apr. d8/1 The taikobashi, the stairway to the next world.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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