neutrinon.

Brit.

/njuːˈtriːnəʊ/, U.S.

/n(j)uˈtrinoʊ/

Origin: A borrowing from Italian. Etymon: Italian neutrino.

Etymology: < Italian neutrino (E. Fermi 1933, in La ricerca sci. 2 491) < neutro neutral (1397; < classical Latin neuter neuter adj.) + -ino -ine suffix⁴ (compare -ino suffix), perhaps after neutrone neutron n.

Particle Physics.

Each of three stable, uncharged leptons (symbol ν), associated respectively with the electron, the muon, and the tau lepton, which have very little mass and an extremely low probability of interaction with matter. Also: an antiparticle of any of these (symbol ν), one of which is produced (along with an electron and a proton) in the beta decay of a neutron.The neutrino (later distinguished as the electron neutrino) was postulated in 1930 by W. Pauli to account for missing energy in beta decay, and was first detected in 1956. In the 1960s the muon neutrino was discovered, and in the 1970s the tau neutrino. Neutrinos were long thought to have zero mass, but they are now believed to have very small but non-zero mass.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > particle avoiding strong interaction > neutrino > [noun]

neutrino1934

1934 N.Y. Times 8 Mar. 9 In addition to the atomic particles known as the proton, neutron, electron and positron, Dr. Langer predicted that a fifth ‘building block of matter’ would soon be discovered..which would probably be named the ‘neutrino’, or little neutron.

1948 Sci. News 6 79 Beta decay is very slow compared to the times taken by other nuclear reactions, and one must, therefore, expect the reverse process, i.e., the capture of a neutrino, also to be very rare.

1956 Time 2 July 46/3 For 20 years nuclear physicists have used neutrinos (small, uncharged particles) in their calculations... But no known apparatus has ever detected neutrinos... Last week from the Atomic Energy Commission came big news. Neutrinos do exist.

1962 Physical Rev. Lett. 9 36/1 The neutrinos we have used produce μ mesons but do not produce electrons, and hence are very likely different from the neutrinos involved in β decay.

1969 Times 20 Feb. 17/5 Neutrinos are emitted as by-products in a great many nuclear reactions.

1987 Space Flight News Nov. 17/3 And how is it going to be propelled once outside this galaxy? The idea is to use neutrino beam energy.

1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 489/1 This catastrophic event [sc. the collapse of the core of a supernova] involves an energy release that is more than two orders of magnitude larger than that involved in the visual explosion and takes place almost entirely by the emission of..neutrinos.

2001 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 15 Nov. 62/4 The only things left in the universe will be radiation and maybe a few electrons, neutrinos, antielectrons, and antineutrinos.

Compounds

C1.

neutrino detector n.

ΚΠ

1963 Science 30 Aug. 781/1 Some pions decay, producing a roughly collimated beam of neutrinos which, unlike the muons, penetrate the shield and enter the neutrino detector.

1994 Physical Rev. Lett. 72 3452 The data were gathered at the CCFR neutrino detector in the Fermilab quadrupole-triplet neutrino beam.

C2.

neutrino astronomy n. the branch of astronomy concerned with the detection, observation, and interpretation of neutrinos reaching the earth from space.

ΚΠ

1960 Science 29 Jan. 299/1 New and more powerful methods for eliminating background intensity are needed in order to make possible the development of neutrino astronomy into a new, far-reaching branch of science.

1994 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 346 99 High energy neutrino astronomy at last seems to be nearing reality, after nearly three decades of speculation and initial experimental work.

neutrino telescope n. a device for detecting and measuring neutrinos reaching the earth from space.

ΚΠ

1960 Science 29 Jan. 299/3 The problem of the ‘neutrino telescope’ is discussed below.

1978 J. M. Pasachoff & M. L. Kutner University Astron. ix. 269/2 (caption) The neutrino telescope, deep underground in the Homestead Gold Mine.., contains a tank of 400,000 liters of perchloroethylene.

1996 Physical Rev. D. 53 7359/1 High energy neutrino telescopes under construction deploy optical modules..in a clear medium which acts as the radiator of Čerenkov light from muon tracks.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	neutrino
释义	neutrinon. Brit. /njuːˈtriːnəʊ/, U.S. /n(j)uˈtrinoʊ/ Origin: A borrowing from Italian. Etymon: Italian neutrino. Etymology: < Italian neutrino (E. Fermi 1933, in La ricerca sci. 2 491) < neutro neutral (1397; < classical Latin neuter neuter adj.) + -ino -ine suffix⁴ (compare -ino suffix), perhaps after neutrone neutron n. Particle Physics. Each of three stable, uncharged leptons (symbol ν), associated respectively with the electron, the muon, and the tau lepton, which have very little mass and an extremely low probability of interaction with matter. Also: an antiparticle of any of these (symbol ν), one of which is produced (along with an electron and a proton) in the beta decay of a neutron.The neutrino (later distinguished as the electron neutrino) was postulated in 1930 by W. Pauli to account for missing energy in beta decay, and was first detected in 1956. In the 1960s the muon neutrino was discovered, and in the 1970s the tau neutrino. Neutrinos were long thought to have zero mass, but they are now believed to have very small but non-zero mass. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > atomic physics > particle physics > particle avoiding strong interaction > neutrino > [noun] neutrino1934 1934 N.Y. Times 8 Mar. 9 In addition to the atomic particles known as the proton, neutron, electron and positron, Dr. Langer predicted that a fifth ‘building block of matter’ would soon be discovered..which would probably be named the ‘neutrino’, or little neutron. 1948 Sci. News 6 79 Beta decay is very slow compared to the times taken by other nuclear reactions, and one must, therefore, expect the reverse process, i.e., the capture of a neutrino, also to be very rare. 1956 Time 2 July 46/3 For 20 years nuclear physicists have used neutrinos (small, uncharged particles) in their calculations... But no known apparatus has ever detected neutrinos... Last week from the Atomic Energy Commission came big news. Neutrinos do exist. 1962 Physical Rev. Lett. 9 36/1 The neutrinos we have used produce μ mesons but do not produce electrons, and hence are very likely different from the neutrinos involved in β decay. 1969 Times 20 Feb. 17/5 Neutrinos are emitted as by-products in a great many nuclear reactions. 1987 Space Flight News Nov. 17/3 And how is it going to be propelled once outside this galaxy? The idea is to use neutrino beam energy. 1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 489/1 This catastrophic event [sc. the collapse of the core of a supernova] involves an energy release that is more than two orders of magnitude larger than that involved in the visual explosion and takes place almost entirely by the emission of..neutrinos. 2001 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 15 Nov. 62/4 The only things left in the universe will be radiation and maybe a few electrons, neutrinos, antielectrons, and antineutrinos. Compounds C1. neutrino detector n. ΚΠ 1963 Science 30 Aug. 781/1 Some pions decay, producing a roughly collimated beam of neutrinos which, unlike the muons, penetrate the shield and enter the neutrino detector. 1994 Physical Rev. Lett. 72 3452 The data were gathered at the CCFR neutrino detector in the Fermilab quadrupole-triplet neutrino beam. C2. neutrino astronomy n. the branch of astronomy concerned with the detection, observation, and interpretation of neutrinos reaching the earth from space. ΚΠ 1960 Science 29 Jan. 299/1 New and more powerful methods for eliminating background intensity are needed in order to make possible the development of neutrino astronomy into a new, far-reaching branch of science. 1994 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 346 99 High energy neutrino astronomy at last seems to be nearing reality, after nearly three decades of speculation and initial experimental work. neutrino telescope n. a device for detecting and measuring neutrinos reaching the earth from space. ΚΠ 1960 Science 29 Jan. 299/3 The problem of the ‘neutrino telescope’ is discussed below. 1978 J. M. Pasachoff & M. L. Kutner University Astron. ix. 269/2 (caption) The neutrino telescope, deep underground in the Homestead Gold Mine.., contains a tank of 400,000 liters of perchloroethylene. 1996 Physical Rev. D. 53 7359/1 High energy neutrino telescopes under construction deploy optical modules..in a clear medium which acts as the radiator of Čerenkov light from muon tracks. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1934
随便看	endemete endemial endemic endemic syphilis endemical endemically endemicities endemicity endemics endemious endemism endemisms endemoniasm endenization endenize endenized endenizen endenizing endently endentus ender enderest endergonic endermatic endermic