natural lawn.

Brit.

/ˌnatʃ(ə)rəl ˈlɔː/,

/ˌnatʃ(ə)rl̩ ˈlɔː/, U.S.

/ˌnætʃər(ə)l ˈlɔ/,

/ˌnætʃər(ə)l ˈlɑ/,

/ˌnætʃr(ə)l ˈlɔ/,

/ˌnætʃr(ə)l ˈlɑ/

Forms: see natural adj. and law n.¹

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: natural adj., law n.¹

Etymology: < natural adj. + law n.¹ Compare classical Latin iūs nātūrāle, Old French loi naturel (late 13th cent.; Middle French, French loi naturelle).

†1. Theology. The law as it applied before the Fall of Man (or the Mosaic dispensation), based supposedly on natural reason. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

c1390 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 921 This is verray mariage that was establissed by god er that synne bigan whan naturel lawe was in his right poynt in Paradys.

a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 7 (MED) The tyme þat was fro Adam vnto Moyses is callid tyme of natural lawe for this skylle, that no lawe was then writen, but then was lawe to iche man as natural reson hem techid of evel to be eschewyd and good to be done.

c1500 Castle of Love (Ashm.) (1967) 122 In paradys Adam had two lawys... The naturall and þe posytyfe. The naturall law was skyll and ryȝht: To be buxsom to God allmyȝht.

2. The law as it is naturally or immediately interpreted; (Philosophy, Ethics, and Theology) the principles of morality, held to be discernible by reason as belonging to human nature or implicit in the nature of rational thought and action; such principles as the basis for man-made laws. Frequently attributive.Frequently as distinguished from positive law (see positive law n. at positive adj. 1).

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > moral philosophy > [noun] > moral principles or moral law

moralitiesc1400

moral law1609

ethic1659

philosophy1727

natural law1899

society > law > branch of the law > [adjective] > specific

setc1200

positivec1385

naturalc1390

directive1610

distributive1651

directory1692

substantive lawa1832

naturel1856

natural law1934

a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 1279 (MED) Fowle & clene bi naturalle lawe Haue grete discorde.

a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 12 Man yf he be brought up in corrupt opynyon hath no perceyverance of thys natural law.

1606 T. Palmer Ess. Meanes to make Trauailes more Profitable 100 Whensoeuer a trauailer shall looke into the body of the lawes of any countrie or people, let his iudgement be..grounded vpon the sound rules and eternall reason of the diuine and naturall law.

a1631 J. Donne Βιαθανατος (1647) i. ii. §2 Our safest assurance, that we be not mislead with the ambiguity of the word Naturall Law, and the perplex'd variety thereof in Authors, will be this, That [all the precepts of Naturall Law, result in these, Fly evill, seek good]; That is, doe according to Reason.

1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Law Natural Law may be divided into that natural Law of Men, which..is called The Law of Nature, and the natural Law of Countries.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. Introd. 42 Undoubtedly the revealed law is (humanly speaking) of infinitely more authority than what we generally call the natural law.

a1832 R. Jebb Gen. Princ. Law in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 687/1 The term natural law, however, is ambiguous, the same writers frequently using it in different senses.

1899 W. R. Inge Christian Mysticism viii. 306 Wordsworth..shows his affinity with the modern spirit in his firm grasp of natural law.

1934 E. Barker tr. O. F. Gierke Nat. Law Theory Society I. iii. ii. 111 (heading) The natural-law view of the purposes of society and its various groups.

1967 Encycl. Philos. V. 451/1 The ideal or ethical law, which is contrasted with positive law..is regarded by natural-law theorists..as grounded in something..more enduring than the mere practical needs of men.

2000 Econ. & Philos. 16 37 Following the natural law tradition, Genovesi argues that each person has a natural right to the benefits of reciprocal assistance and a corresponding duty to provide them for others.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

> as lemmas

c. as implanted by nature in the human mind, or as capable of being demonstrated by reason. Formerly often the law of nature (now rarely, because of the frequency of that expression in sense 17), †law of kind, natural law, the law of reason, etc.The expression law of nature (lex naturæ or naturalis, jus naturale) in Cicero, Seneca, and the Roman jurists, is ultimately derived from the ϕυσικὸν δίκαιον of Aristotle.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > branch of the law > [noun] > natural law

natural lawc1225

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > activities of God > [noun] > law of > as implanted in human mind

law of kindc1225

law of naturec1470

the law of reason?1530

higher law1593

natural law1878

the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > activities of God > [noun] > law of > as implanted in human mind > also applied to irrational creatures

law of naturec1225

c1225 Leg. Kath. 964 Hit is aȝein riht ant aȝein leaue of euch cundelich lahe.

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 272 But he the bestes wolde binde Only to lawes of nature.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 1575 Þe lawe of soþenes ny of kynde Wolde þei no tyme fynde.

a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 28491 And haf i broken wit foly, þe lagh o kynd thoru licheri.

c1470 G. Ashby Active Policy Prince 695 Poems 34 If forgoten be al lawe positife, Remembre the noble lawe of nature.

1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope 11. Proem The Athenyens the whiche lyued after the lawe of Kynde.

?1530 St. German's Dyaloge Doctoure & Student ii. f. iv The lawe of nature..consydered generally..is referred to al creatures as well resonable as vnresonable...The lawe of nature specially consydered, whiche is also callyd the lawe of reason parteyneth only to creatures reasonable that is man..as to the orderyng of the dedes of man, it is preferryd before the lawe of god. And it is wrytyn in the herte of euery man.

a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 50/2 The law of nature wyll the mother kepe her childe.

1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxxiii^v I shuld not do that whiche by the lawes of nature and reason I ought to do, which is to rendre kyndnes for kyndnes.

1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie i. viii. 66 The lawe of reason or humaine nature.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iii. ii. 321 I see no reason in the law of nature .

a1631 J. Donne Βιαθανατος (1647) i. i. §6 That part of Gods Law which bindes alwayes, bound before it was written..and that is the Law of nature.

1692 R. South 12 Serm. I. 544 The Law of Nature,..I take to be nothing else, but the mind of God, signified to a Rational agent by the bare discourse of his Reason.

1712 G. Berkeley Passive Obed. §33. 43 Self-Preservation is..the very first and fundamental Law of Nature.

1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. Introd. §2. 39 This will of his maker is called the law of nature.

1780 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. in Wks. (1843) I. 9 Instead of the phrase, Law of Nature, you have sometimes Law of Reason.

1878 W. E. Gladstone Homer 109 Natural law was profoundly revered, while conventional law hardly yet existed.

a. In the sciences of observation, a theoretical principle deduced from particular facts, applicable to a defined group or class of phenomena, and expressible by the statement that a particular phenomenon always occurs if certain conditions be present. In the physical sciences, and occasionally in others, called more explicitly law of nature or natural law.The ‘laws of nature’, by those who first used the term in this sense, were viewed as commands imposed by the Deity upon matter, and even writers who do not accept this view often speak of them as ‘obeyed’ by the phenomena, or as agents by which the phenomena are produced.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > [noun] > specific concepts or principles of > theoretical principle deduced from fact

theoricc1392

law1665

1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 31 The changes be varied according to very odd Laws.

1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. vi. sig. Cc5^v The Wisdome..of God does..confine the Creatures to the establish'd Laws of Nature.

1694 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) i. iii. 21 A Law of Nature..something that we may attain to the knowledge of, by our natural Faculties.

1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 92 Happy the Man, who, studying Nature's Laws, Thro' known Effects can trace the secret Cause.

1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Law, an established and constant mode or process; a fixed correspondence of cause and effect.

1764 T. Reid Inq. Human Mind vi. §13 The laws of nature are nothing else but the most general facts relating to the operations of nature.

1794 J. Hutton Diss. Philos. Light 16 We..name those rules of action the laws of nature.

1826 R. Whately Elements Logic App. 286 The conformity of individual cases to the general rule is that which constitutes a Law of Nature.

1865 Reader 29 Apr. 484/3 A Law expresses an invariable order of phenomena or facts.

1875 H. J. S. Maine Lect. Early Hist. Inst. (ed. 4) 373 Law..has been applied derivatively to the orderly sequences of Nature.

1883 H. Drummond Nat. Law in Spiritual World (ed. 2) 5 The Laws of Nature are simply statements of the orderly condition of things in Nature.

1898 G. Meredith Odes French Hist. 62 Those firm laws Which we name Gods.

单词	natural law
释义	natural lawn. Brit. /ˌnatʃ(ə)rəl ˈlɔː/, /ˌnatʃ(ə)rl̩ ˈlɔː/, U.S. /ˌnætʃər(ə)l ˈlɔ/, /ˌnætʃər(ə)l ˈlɑ/, /ˌnætʃr(ə)l ˈlɔ/, /ˌnætʃr(ə)l ˈlɑ/ Forms: see natural adj. and law n.¹ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: natural adj., law n.¹ Etymology: < natural adj. + law n.¹ Compare classical Latin iūs nātūrāle, Old French loi naturel (late 13th cent.; Middle French, French loi naturelle). †1. Theology. The law as it applied before the Fall of Man (or the Mosaic dispensation), based supposedly on natural reason. Obsolete. ΚΠ c1390 G. Chaucer Parson's Tale 921 This is verray mariage that was establissed by god er that synne bigan whan naturel lawe was in his right poynt in Paradys. a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 7 (MED) The tyme þat was fro Adam vnto Moyses is callid tyme of natural lawe for this skylle, that no lawe was then writen, but then was lawe to iche man as natural reson hem techid of evel to be eschewyd and good to be done. c1500 Castle of Love (Ashm.) (1967) 122 In paradys Adam had two lawys... The naturall and þe posytyfe. The naturall law was skyll and ryȝht: To be buxsom to God allmyȝht. 2. The law as it is naturally or immediately interpreted; (Philosophy, Ethics, and Theology) the principles of morality, held to be discernible by reason as belonging to human nature or implicit in the nature of rational thought and action; such principles as the basis for man-made laws. Frequently attributive.Frequently as distinguished from positive law (see positive law n. at positive adj. 1). ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > moral philosophy > [noun] > moral principles or moral law moralitiesc1400 moral law1609 ethic1659 philosophy1727 natural law1899 society > law > branch of the law > [adjective] > specific setc1200 positivec1385 naturalc1390 directive1610 distributive1651 directory1692 substantive lawa1832 naturel1856 natural law1934 a1500 (c1477) T. Norton Ordinal of Alchemy (BL Add.) (1975) 1279 (MED) Fowle & clene bi naturalle lawe Haue grete discorde. a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 12 Man yf he be brought up in corrupt opynyon hath no perceyverance of thys natural law. 1606 T. Palmer Ess. Meanes to make Trauailes more Profitable 100 Whensoeuer a trauailer shall looke into the body of the lawes of any countrie or people, let his iudgement be..grounded vpon the sound rules and eternall reason of the diuine and naturall law. a1631 J. Donne Βιαθανατος (1647) i. ii. §2 Our safest assurance, that we be not mislead with the ambiguity of the word Naturall Law, and the perplex'd variety thereof in Authors, will be this, That [all the precepts of Naturall Law, result in these, Fly evill, seek good]; That is, doe according to Reason. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Law Natural Law may be divided into that natural Law of Men, which..is called The Law of Nature, and the natural Law of Countries. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. Introd. 42 Undoubtedly the revealed law is (humanly speaking) of infinitely more authority than what we generally call the natural law. a1832 R. Jebb Gen. Princ. Law in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 687/1 The term natural law, however, is ambiguous, the same writers frequently using it in different senses. 1899 W. R. Inge Christian Mysticism viii. 306 Wordsworth..shows his affinity with the modern spirit in his firm grasp of natural law. 1934 E. Barker tr. O. F. Gierke Nat. Law Theory Society I. iii. ii. 111 (heading) The natural-law view of the purposes of society and its various groups. 1967 Encycl. Philos. V. 451/1 The ideal or ethical law, which is contrasted with positive law..is regarded by natural-law theorists..as grounded in something..more enduring than the mere practical needs of men. 2000 Econ. & Philos. 16 37 Following the natural law tradition, Genovesi argues that each person has a natural right to the benefits of reciprocal assistance and a corresponding duty to provide them for others. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > as lemmas natural law c. as implanted by nature in the human mind, or as capable of being demonstrated by reason. Formerly often the law of nature (now rarely, because of the frequency of that expression in sense 17), †law of kind, natural law, the law of reason, etc.The expression law of nature (lex naturæ or naturalis, jus naturale) in Cicero, Seneca, and the Roman jurists, is ultimately derived from the ϕυσικὸν δίκαιον of Aristotle. ΘΚΠ society > law > branch of the law > [noun] > natural law natural lawc1225 the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > activities of God > [noun] > law of > as implanted in human mind law of kindc1225 law of naturec1470 the law of reason?1530 higher law1593 natural law1878 the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > activities of God > [noun] > law of > as implanted in human mind > also applied to irrational creatures law of naturec1225 c1225 Leg. Kath. 964 Hit is aȝein riht ant aȝein leaue of euch cundelich lahe. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 272 But he the bestes wolde binde Only to lawes of nature. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 1575 Þe lawe of soþenes ny of kynde Wolde þei no tyme fynde. a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 28491 And haf i broken wit foly, þe lagh o kynd thoru licheri. c1470 G. Ashby Active Policy Prince 695 Poems 34 If forgoten be al lawe positife, Remembre the noble lawe of nature. 1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope 11. Proem The Athenyens the whiche lyued after the lawe of Kynde. ?1530 St. German's Dyaloge Doctoure & Student ii. f. iv The lawe of nature..consydered generally..is referred to al creatures as well resonable as vnresonable...The lawe of nature specially consydered, whiche is also callyd the lawe of reason parteyneth only to creatures reasonable that is man..as to the orderyng of the dedes of man, it is preferryd before the lawe of god. And it is wrytyn in the herte of euery man. a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 50/2 The law of nature wyll the mother kepe her childe. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry V f. lxxiii^v I shuld not do that whiche by the lawes of nature and reason I ought to do, which is to rendre kyndnes for kyndnes. 1593 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie i. viii. 66 The lawe of reason or humaine nature. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 iii. ii. 321 I see no reason in the law of nature . View more context for this quotation a1631 J. Donne Βιαθανατος (1647) i. i. §6 That part of Gods Law which bindes alwayes, bound before it was written..and that is the Law of nature. 1692 R. South 12 Serm. I. 544 The Law of Nature,..I take to be nothing else, but the mind of God, signified to a Rational agent by the bare discourse of his Reason. 1712 G. Berkeley Passive Obed. §33. 43 Self-Preservation is..the very first and fundamental Law of Nature. 1765 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. I. Introd. §2. 39 This will of his maker is called the law of nature. 1780 J. Bentham Introd. Princ. Morals & Legisl. in Wks. (1843) I. 9 Instead of the phrase, Law of Nature, you have sometimes Law of Reason. 1878 W. E. Gladstone Homer 109 Natural law was profoundly revered, while conventional law hardly yet existed. extracted from lawn.¹ natural law a. In the sciences of observation, a theoretical principle deduced from particular facts, applicable to a defined group or class of phenomena, and expressible by the statement that a particular phenomenon always occurs if certain conditions be present. In the physical sciences, and occasionally in others, called more explicitly law of nature or natural law.The ‘laws of nature’, by those who first used the term in this sense, were viewed as commands imposed by the Deity upon matter, and even writers who do not accept this view often speak of them as ‘obeyed’ by the phenomena, or as agents by which the phenomena are produced. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > [noun] > specific concepts or principles of > theoretical principle deduced from fact theoricc1392 law1665 1665 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 1 31 The changes be varied according to very odd Laws. 1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. iv. vi. sig. Cc5^v The Wisdome..of God does..confine the Creatures to the establish'd Laws of Nature. 1694 J. Locke Ess. Humane Understanding (new ed.) i. iii. 21 A Law of Nature..something that we may attain to the knowledge of, by our natural Faculties. 1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 92 Happy the Man, who, studying Nature's Laws, Thro' known Effects can trace the secret Cause. View more context for this quotation 1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Law, an established and constant mode or process; a fixed correspondence of cause and effect. 1764 T. Reid Inq. Human Mind vi. §13 The laws of nature are nothing else but the most general facts relating to the operations of nature. 1794 J. Hutton Diss. Philos. Light 16 We..name those rules of action the laws of nature. 1826 R. Whately Elements Logic App. 286 The conformity of individual cases to the general rule is that which constitutes a Law of Nature. 1865 Reader 29 Apr. 484/3 A Law expresses an invariable order of phenomena or facts. 1875 H. J. S. Maine Lect. Early Hist. Inst. (ed. 4) 373 Law..has been applied derivatively to the orderly sequences of Nature. 1883 H. Drummond Nat. Law in Spiritual World (ed. 2) 5 The Laws of Nature are simply statements of the orderly condition of things in Nature. 1898 G. Meredith Odes French Hist. 62 Those firm laws Which we name Gods. extracted from lawn.¹ < n.c1390 as lemmas
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