negotiationn.
/nᵻˌɡəʊʃɪˈeɪʃn/, /nᵻˌɡəʊsɪˈeɪʃn/, U.S. /nəˌɡoʊʃiˈeɪʃ(ə)n/, /nəˌɡoʊsiˈeɪʃ(ə)n/ a. An act of dealing with another person; a private or business transaction. Also in extended use. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > business affairs > [noun] > a business transaction
negotiationa1500
feat1588
transactiona1656
job1660
business transaction1806
operation1832
a1500 (?c1425) Speculum Sacerdotale (1936) 67 (MED) And this wittnessiþ the sawes of holy fadres, þe whiche sawes we moste kepe perfiteliche in alle oure dedis and negociaciones.
1573 G. Harvey Schollers Loove in Let.-bk. (1884) 142 If any negotiation requires advizements, None more than matrimony.
1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 70 Falling into infirmities as he followes his worldly negotiations.
1662 H. More Coll. Philos. Writings (ed. 2) Pref. Gen. p. ix Which though Aristotle mainly appropriates to external Affairs, I must..transfer also to the Negotiations of the Mind.
1685 W. Petty Will p. iii Exhorting them to improve the same [estate] by no worse negociations.
a1704 T. Brown Declam. Praise Poverty (rev. ed.) in Wks. (1730) I. 102 There is no need of money in any negotiation with me.
1788 A. Hamilton in Federalist Papers xxii. 140 His success in an important negotiation must depend on his obtaining a major's commission for one of those deputies.
1886 T. Hardy Mayor of Casterbridge II. xi. 144 Farfrae..countermanded his orders... Feeling it necessary to give some explanation of his withdrawal from the negotiation Donald mentioned Henchard's name.
b. Trading, commerce. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > [noun]
mongingOE
cheapinga1000
cheapOE
chaffer?c1225
merchandisea1300
market-making1340
merchandyc1350
corseriec1380
chafferinga1382
need-doinga1382
changea1387
chapmanhoodc1386
cossery?a1400
bargaining1401
merchandisinga1425
merchandrya1450
intercourse1473
business1478
chapmanry1483
the feat of merchandisec1503
market1525
trade1549
marting1553
contractation1555
trading1556
merchantryc1560
marketing1561
mart1562
trafficking1570
contraction1582
tract1582
nundination1586
commerce1587
chafferya1599
negotiation1601
intertraffica1603
traffic1603
commercery1604
intertrading1606
correspondence1607
mercature1611
correspondency1613
coss?1635
negotiating1640
dealing1691
chapmanship1727
merchanting1883
intertrade1915
1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. 109 The towne..is now decayed..and the traffique and negotiation in all affaires turned from thence.
1622 G. de Malynes Consuetudo 2 The vse of trusting, exchanging, and trading;..both for fishing and negotiation.
1669 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. I i. viii. 42 The Phenicians..possessed themselves of the sea coasts, the better to carry on their negotiation.
1788 A. Hamilton in Federalist Papers xvii. 102 Commerce, finance, negotiation, and war seem to comprehend all the objects, which have charms for minds governed by that passion.
c. Occupation, exercise. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > doing > activity or occupation > [noun]
busyingeOE
busyOE
busyship?c1225
busyhead1340
occupation?1387
occupyinga1400
businessc1405
vacationc1450
employing1459
employment1542
entertainment1551
activity1570
trade1591
negotiation1628
engagement1661
employ1675
busyness1809
occupancy1826
carry-on1917
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. xlviii. sig. Q7 How bright does the Soule grow with vse and negotiation!
2. A discussion or process of treaty with another (or others) aimed at reaching an agreement about a particular issue, problem, etc., esp. in affairs of state; an instance of negotiating. Frequently in plural.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > agreement > [noun] > an agreement
forewardOE
accordc1275
covenant1297
end1297
form1297
frettec1330
conjurationc1374
treatc1380
bargainc1386
contractc1386
comenaunt1389
compositionc1405
treaty1427
pact1429
paction1440
reconventionc1449
treatisea1464
hostage1470
packa1475
trystc1480
bond (also band) of manrent1482
covenance1484
concordance1490
patisement1529
capitulation1535
conventmenta1547
convenience1551
compact1555
negotiation1563
sacrament1563
match1569
consortship1592
after-agreementa1600
combourgeoisie1602
convention1603
comburghership1606
transaction1611
end-makingc1613
obligement1627
bare contract1641
stipulation1649
accompackmentc1650
rue-bargaina1657
concordat1683
minute1720
tacka1758
understanding1803
meet1804
it's a go1821
deal1863
whizz1869
stand-in1870
gentlemen's agreement1880
meeting of minds1883
society > authority > rule or government > politics > international politics or relations > diplomacy > [noun] > diplomatic negotiation
embassadryc1425
ambassadry?a1439
entreating?a1439
entreaty1447
tract1501
entreatisea1513
entreatment?1520
embassy1549
ambassadya1597
ambassy1625
negotiation1702
dialogue1890
1563 in Cal. State Papers Scotl. (1900) II. 66 So greate worldly felicity as the success off that negociation must bring with it.
1579 G. Fenton in tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin Ep. Ded. The high negociations and employments which he managed long time vnder great Princes.
1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida iii. iii. 24 Their negotiations all must slacke, Wanting his mannage. View more context for this quotation
1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. i. 38 He was then sent..to treat about the restitution of the Palatinate; in which Negotiation he behaved himself with great Prudence.
1769 W. Robertson Hist. Charles V II. vi. 421 The Pope continued his negociations for convoking a general council.
1828 I. D'Israeli Comm. Life Charles I I. iv. 90 The long negociation of a political marriage was terminated by a war.
1877 J. A. Froude Short Stud. (1883) IV. i. ii. 18 The archbishop..employed him afterwards in the most confidential negotiations.
1908 E. M. Forster Room with View xi. 182 His idea of bringing the Emersons to Windy Corner struck her as decidedly good, and she carried through the negotiations without a hitch.
1950 A. H. Cooper-Prichard Hist. Grand Duchy Luxemburg iii. 114 Albert opened negociations with the United Provinces.
1990 Lancet 1 Sept. 556/2 To accommodate the enforced reductions, NIH invoked what it termed ‘downward negotiations’ in the size of previously agreed-upon awards.
3. The action, activity, or process of negotiating with another or others.
a. With possessive adjective.
ΚΠ
1597 R. Cecil in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1824) 1st Ser. III. 43 His negotiation tendeth to a proposition of peace.
1603 R. Knolles Gen. Hist. Turkes 62 These embassadours..had at length broght their negotiation to..good passe.
1695 W. Congreve Love for Love i. i. 5 Sir, if you don't like my Negotiation, will you be pleas'd to answer these yourself.
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa V. ii. 31 Frustrate not Captain Tomlinson's negotiation.
1781 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall II. xix. 152 The progress of their negociation was opposed and defeated.
1846 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 II. iv. 155 Sastri's enemies..had come from Baroda to frustrate his negotiation.
1898 Dict. National Biogr. at Tierney, George It was..through his negotiation that Althorp was selected for the chairmanship of the finance committee.
1998 Zhu Xiao Di Thirty Years in Red House iv. 114 As a factory worker, she belonged to the workers' class,..and therefore she had far more bargaining power in her negotiation with the municipality.
b. Without determiner.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > agreement > [noun] > terms of agreement > negotiating or making terms
bargain1330
treatyc1405
overture1427
chafferingc1449
treatingc1450
entreat1485
patising1530
practice1540
articulating1562
capitulation1569
entreatance1574
tractation1600
interdealing1611
negotiation1614
tractate1618
haggling1632
traffickinga1649
bargaining1669
conditioning1680
transacting1686
higgling1700
stipulation1792
treatment1828
haggle1829
coming to terms1843
1614 W. Raleigh Hist. World i. iii. xi. §4. 135 Supposing, that by his great skill in subtile negotiation hee should..circumuent the Greekes.
1756 S. Johnson Mem. King of Prussia in Lit. Mag. Oct.–Nov. 332/2 The king finding negotiation thus ineffectual, pushed forward his inrodes.
1798 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) I. 6 The established channels of peaceable negotiation.
1836 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece III. xxv. 365 Phæax possessed talents well suited for negotiation.
1845 S. Austin tr. L. von Ranke Hist. Reformation in Germany (ed. 2) II. 253 To appoint time and place for an interview for the purpose of negotiation.
1953 D. Eisenhower Let. 6 July in Churchill–Eisenhower Corr. (1990) 85 Our differing estimates of the flexibility that Naguib feels is available to him in negotiation.
1988 S. Afr. Panorama Apr. 3/1 Standard specifications ensure a firm basis for negotiation.
2001 N.Y. Times Mag. 22 July 36/1 Getting clearance to visit Hobet 21 [sc. a coal mine] required considerable negotiation.
4. The action of crossing or getting over, round or through some obstacle by skilful manoeuvring; manipulation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > movement over, across, through, or past > [noun] > skilfully past obstacles
negotiation1882
1882 R. L. Stevenson New Arabian Nights I. 203 To one of your special knowledge..the negotiation of the diamond would give but little trouble, while to me it was a matter of impossibility.
1885 Sat. Rev. 28 Nov. 706 Courses which required what in some curious way has come to be called ‘negotiation’.
1898 St. James's Gaz. 15 Nov. 6/1 They were said to attempt the negotiation of impossible obstacles, to their own imminent risk.
1906 Daily Chron. 11 Aug. 5/5 The inevitable negotiation of the greasy pole.
2000 S. Poole Trigger Happy ii. 37 High-speed inertial negotiation of solid obstacles.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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