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单词 narthex
释义

narthexn.

Brit. /ˈnɑːθɛks/, U.S. /ˈnɑrˌθɛks/
Origin: A borrowing from Greek. Etymon: Greek νάρθηξ.
Etymology: < ancient Greek νάρθηξ giant fennel, schoolmaster's cane, in Hellenistic Greek also a small case or casket for unguents, etc. (2nd cent. a.d.), forecourt of a church (3rd cent. a.d.), of uncertain origin. Compare classical Latin ferula giant fennel, schoolmaster's cane, in post-classical Latin also forecourt of a church (in an undated saint's life in Du Cange). Compare French narthex (1680).It is not clear why Greek νάρθηξ was used in this sense. According to Procopius (6th cent. a.d.) the word was so used because this part of the church was often long and narrow, like the fennel stalk. On another view the use may arise from the sense ‘casket for unguents’, as the catechumens were anointed with oil in this part of the church (this explanation would not hold for Latin ferula, which is not used to mean oil casket, although the Latin use may simply be a calque on the Greek). A further possibility is that it may derive from the sense ‘schoolmaster's cane’, by association with penitence and discipline.
Architecture.
A vestibule or antechamber stretching across the western end of some (esp. early or Orthodox) Christian churches or basilicas, divided from the nave by a wall, screen, or railing.In the early Church the narthex was sometimes set apart for use by women, catechumens, or penitents.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > division of building (general) > narthex or portico > [noun]
parvisc1387
Galileec1593
portico1607
pronaos1614
propylaeum1637
out-porch1641
ante-temple1670
narthex1673
prostyle1683
opisthodomos1706
peribolos1706
choultry1772
posticum1776
propylon1830
proaulion1842
opisthodome1846
atrium1853
1673 W. Cave Primitive Christianity i. vi. 123 The Narthex..was that part of the church that lay next to the great door.
1711 J. Bingham Origines Ecclesiasticæ III. viii. iv. 159 This [πρόναος] in the modern Greek rituals is always called the Narthex, and is peculiarly allotted to the Monks or Women [etc.].
1788 E. Gibbon Decline & Fall IV. xl. 93 From the sanctuary in the east to the nine western doors..and from thence into the narthex or exterior portico.
1846 R. Hart Eccl. Rec. (ed. 2) 225 In the primitive church there was also a Narthex or ante-nave to the west.
1869 H. F. Tozer Res. Highlands of Turkey I. 79 These narthexes..seem originally to have been intended for catechumens and penitents.
1894 S. Baring-Gould Deserts S. France I. 251 A church that consists of a narthex or vestibule, and a nave with three aisles.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 12/2 An apse of the cruciform domical Byzantine type, approached by a domed narthex.
1966 ‘A. Glyn’ Seine i. x. 21 In the narthex a nun was selling booklets to a line of children.
1970 M. Swanton Dream of Rood 14 Conventional iconography, as in the narthex mosaic of the archiepiscopal chapel at Ravenna..represents Christ as a victorious warrior.
1990 S. Miller Family Pictures 55 Most of the congregation that had gathered in little groups on the steps and in the narthex fell back from them as they entered.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1673
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