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单词 navicular
释义

navicularadj.n.

Brit. /nəˈvɪkjᵿlə/, U.S. /nəˈvɪkjələr/
Forms: Middle English nauicler, Middle English nauiculare, Middle English nauiculere, 1500s nauyculer, 1500s naviculer, 1600s– navicular.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin navicularis.
Etymology: < post-classical Latin navicularis boat-shaped (1363 in Chauliac in os naviculare navicular bone; 5th cent. in sense ‘relating to sea voyages’) < classical Latin nāvicula small ship (see navicula n.) + -āris -ar suffix1. With use as noun compare post-classical Latin naviculare (neuter) navicular bone (1363 in Chauliac). Compare Middle French, French naviculaire boat-shaped (late 15th cent. in os naviculaire navicular bone).
A. adj.
1. Anatomy. Designating or relating to a boat-shaped bone in the ankle lying between the talus (astragalus) and the cuneiform bones, or (less commonly) the corresponding scaphoid bone of the wrist. Also: designating or relating to the distal sesamoid bone in a horse's foot. Chiefly in navicular bone.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of arm or leg > bones of arm > [noun] > bones of forearm > bones of wrist
navicular?a1425
navicular bone?a1425
wrist-bone1552
carpus1686
scaphoid bone1741
pisiform bone1753
pisiform1808
trapezoid1828
trapezium1840
unciform1840
scaphoid1846
carpal1854
lunar1854
centrale1870
radiale1870
intermedium1878
lunar bone1887
capitate1889
triquetral bone1913
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of hand or foot > bones of foot > [noun]
navicular?a1425
metatarsus?c1425
heel bone1516
astragalus?1541
bonket1552
cube-bone1615
die-bone1634
os calcis1634
foot bone1658
tarsus1676
pterna1684
talus1684
navicular bone1696
astragal1728
calcaneum1728
cuboid bone1829
cuboid1836
metatarsal1837
metapodium1844
tarso-metatarsal1851
arch1858
intermedium1878
tarsal1881
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > foot or spec. foot > bone in
navicular?a1425
nut-bone1615
navicular bone1816
shuttle-bone1832
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [adjective] > having particular type of feet > of feet of
female1639
navicular1816
coronary1843
boxy1891
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 19 v In þe toþer roundnez is festned þe concauite of þe bone nauiculere.
?1541 R. Copland Guy de Chauliac's Questyonary Cyrurgyens ii. sig. Lj The bone called Nauyculer, that is a synew concaued on eche syde.
1696 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) Navicular-Bone, the third Bone in each Foot in that part of it which immediately succeeds the Leg.
1755 S. Johnson Dict. Eng. Lang. Navicular, adj. In anatomy, the third bone in each foot that lies between the astragalus and the ossa cuneiformia.
1816 D. P. Blaine Outl. Vet. Art (ed. 2) 98 The navicular bone would have been too much pressed upon.
1845 W. C. Spooner Vet. Art (1851) 86 Its posterior and lower surface forms the navicular-joint capsule.
1870 W. H. Flower Introd. Osteol. Mammalia (1876) xix. 309 The navicular bone is interposed between the proximal and distal row on the inner or tibial side of the foot.
1908 Animal Managem. (War Office) 215 (caption) Diagram of section through centre of foot... Navicular bone.
1995 Jrnl. Med. Genetics 32 439/2 X ray examination showed normal talus, calcaneus, and navicular bones.
2. Of or relating to boats. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > [adjective]
shippish1530
marine1551
navigable1597
marinal1620
navigatory1650
classical1656
navicular1656
1656 T. Blount Glossographia Navicular, pertaining to ships.
a1704 T. Brown Walk round London in 3rd Vol. Wks. (1708) iii. 60 Rare Game, Master, cries our Navicular Spokes-man.
1890 Cent. Dict. Navicular, relating to small ships or boats.
3. Boat-shaped.
a. Of a shrine or other object of veneration. Also in extended use designating a god associated with such a shrine. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > [adjective] > of specific types
azure1697
navicular1774
poliadic1886
society > faith > artefacts > portable shrines or relics > portable shrine > [adjective] > having form of a boat
navicular1774
1774 J. Bryant New Syst. II. 219 The name of this, and of all the navicular shrines was Baris.
1818 G. S. Faber Horæ Mosaicæ (ed. 2) I. 133 The navicular goddess of Egypt was called Isis.
1819 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 5 584 We may still behold the figure of that animal standing in that holy navicular coffin.
b. Biology. Of parts of plants and animals, cells, spores, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > part defined by form or function > [adjective] > having specific shape
fingered1597
fistular1640
umbilicated1693
pectinal1705
fornicated1750
deltoid1753
linguiform1753
panduriform1753
lingulated1754
campaniform1758
augmented1760
ringed1760
securiform1760
urceolate1760
utricular1760
lingulate1763
vermicular1766
pandurated1771
navicular1793
semicolumnar1793
ungulate1802
capitellate1808
meniscoid1821
virgate1821
mitriform1824
pulvinate1824
caudated1829
vulviform1829
caudate1830
circinate1830
intruded1830
trochlear1830
scalariform1836
hippocrepiform1847
neottious1850
pulviniform1851
foxglove-shaped1856
clathroid1857
molariform1857
velate1857
strombuliform1859
calceiform1860
coralline1860
forniciform1860
urceolar1860
calceolate1861
frustulose1866
pandurate1866
intruse1870
scalar1880
meniscoidal1881
fingerposted1885
applanate1887
trochleariform1895
naviculoid1898
halonate1911
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > parts of insects > [adjective] > of general parts > boat-shaped
navicular1992
1793 T. Martyn Lang. Bot. Boat-shaped, Navicular, or Cymbiform; as the valve of some pericarps, and the carina of papilionaceous flowers.
1806 J. Galpine Synoptical Compend Brit. Bot. 23 Glumes navicular, entire.
1845 J. Lindley School Bot. (1858) iv. 33 Valves navicular, apterous.
1881 Jrnl. Bot., Brit. & Foreign 19 99 With the two lateral lobes complicate into a navicular sheath embracing the stem.
1953 R. W. Fairbrother Text-bk. Bacteriol. (ed. 7) xxix. 348 Pleomorphism is a common feature and a great variety of forms may be seen—filaments, clubs, navicular and citron shapes.
1992 Apidologie 23 533 A new infectious disease [of bees]..caused by a parasitic protozoan..can be diagnosed based on the presence of characteristic navicular spores.
B. n.
1. Anatomy and Zoology. A navicular bone.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of hand or foot > bones of foot > [noun]
navicular?a1425
metatarsus?c1425
heel bone1516
astragalus?1541
bonket1552
cube-bone1615
die-bone1634
os calcis1634
foot bone1658
tarsus1676
pterna1684
talus1684
navicular bone1696
astragal1728
calcaneum1728
cuboid bone1829
cuboid1836
metatarsal1837
metapodium1844
tarso-metatarsal1851
arch1858
intermedium1878
tarsal1881
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > body or parts of horse > [noun] > foot or spec. foot > bone in
navicular?a1425
nut-bone1615
navicular bone1816
shuttle-bone1832
the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bones of arm or leg > bones of arm > [noun] > bones of forearm > bones of wrist
navicular?a1425
navicular bone?a1425
wrist-bone1552
carpus1686
scaphoid bone1741
pisiform bone1753
pisiform1808
trapezoid1828
trapezium1840
unciform1840
scaphoid1846
carpal1854
lunar1854
centrale1870
radiale1870
intermedium1878
lunar bone1887
capitate1889
triquetral bone1913
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 19 v After þe nauicler immediatly is þe 2a. ward of bonez of þe fote.
1816 D. P. Blaine Outl. Vet. Art (ed. 2) 98 The coronary bone partakes of the form of the pastern,..resting more on the coffin, and less on the navicular than in the front.
1836–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. II. 505/2 The navicular or scaphoid is the largest of the upper row [in the hand].
1870 W. H. Flower Introd. Osteol. Mammalia (1876) xix. 318 The navicular and the external cuneiform are very broad and flat.
1930 H. G. Newth Marshall & Hurst's Junior Course Pract. Zool. (ed. 11) xiii. 336 [In the hind-limb of the rabbit] the cuboid..articulates with the calcaneum and navicular, and supports the fourth and fifth metatarsals.
1989 Teratology 40 77 Duplication of the navicular, greater multangular, first metacarpal, and phalanges of digit I in the forelimbs [of rats].
2. = navicular disease n. at Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > animal disease or disorder > disorders of horses > [noun] > disorders of feet or hooves
pains1440
mellitc1465
false quarter1523
gravelling?1523
founder1547
foundering1548
foot evil1562
crown scab1566
prick1566
quittor bone1566
moltlong1587
scratches1591
hoof-bound1598
corn1600
javar1600
frush1607
crepance1610
fretishing1610
seam1610
scratchets1611
kibe1639
tread1661
grease1674
gravel1675
twitter-bone1688
cleft1694
quittor1703
bleymes1725
crescent1725
hoof-binding1728
capelet1731
twitter1745
canker1753
grease-heels1753
sand-crack1753
thrush1753
greasing1756
bony hoof1765
seedy toe1829
side bone1840
cracked heel1850
mud fever1872
navicular1888
coronitis1890
toe-crack1891
flat-foot1894
1888 R. Kipling in Pioneer Mail 5 Aug. 184/3 In this manner is an engine treated for navicular, laminitis, back-sinew, or whatever.
1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 4 July 5/2 Not one shows symptoms of navicular by pointing his toes to ease the pain.
1986 D. Francis Bolt x. 109 ‘What happened to the filly?’.. ‘She contracted navicular and had to be put down.’

Compounds

navicular bone n. see sense A. 1.
navicular disease n. [compare French maladie naviculaire (1836)] (in a horse) degeneration of the navicular bone and associated tendons, which causes intermittent or chronic lameness and is of unknown cause.
ΚΠ
1829 Veterinarian 2 53 The College Museum..contained but a solitary specimen of the navicular disease.
1878 Spirit of Times 19 Jan. 663/1 We laid before our readers..the principal points necessary to be understood in order to correctly diagnose or interpret the signs and symptoms invariably presented in cases of navicular disease.
1993 Horse & Rider Apr. 98 Phenylbutazone—bute—is the most commonly prescribed drug when treating navicular disease.
navicular fossa n. [compare French fosse naviculaire navicular fossa, a depression at the entrance to the vagina (early 18th cent.; 1800 in sense (b))] Anatomy an elongated, somewhat boat-shaped depression or structure; esp. (a) the furrow between the helix and anthelix of the ear; (b) a dilated portion of the urethra in the glans penis of males.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > sense organ > hearing organ > parts of hearing organ > [noun] > other cavities
window1615
vestibulum1704
vestibule1728
navicular fossa1802
saccule1836
utricle1837
membranous vestibule1842
fenestra1844
utriculus1847
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > ducts > [noun] > urinary ducts > parts of
navicular fossa1802
utriculus1848
gallinaginous crest1851
Weberian corpuscle1852
transitional epithelium1855
utricle1861
urothelium1954
1802 D. P. Blaine Outl. Vet. Art II. 286 When the labia are separated, the internal cavity is called the navicular or scaphoid fossa.
1838–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. II. 550/2 The eminence within the helix is called anthelix, and the gutter-like depression between the two is called the navicular fossa.
1849–52 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. ii. 1248/2 The floor of the navicular fossa [of the urethra] is covered by a very thin layer of this extension of the spongy body.
1985 European Urol. 11 344/1 This nodule was found to be an elastic, painless mass which extended to the navicular fossa.
2000 Urology 56 207 Samples were collected from the external urethral orifice, navicular fossa, and penile urethra.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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adj.n.?a1425
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