单词 | musty |
释义 | † mustyn. Obsolete. rare. A kind of snuff having a musty flavour. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > snuff > [noun] > types of high-dried1681 Spanish1681 roderigo1692 bergamot1701 musty1709 myrtle1715 Portuguesea1721 rappee?1726 Scotch1739 macoubac1740 blackguard1782 Irish1806 Lundyfoot1811 prince's mixture1813 cephalic1828 taddy1869 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 27. ⁋11 I'll call at Charles's, and know the Shape of his Snuff-Box... I ought to be informed, whether he takes Spanish or Musty. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 79. ⁋3 I made her resign her snuff-box for ever, and half drown herself with washing away the stench of the musty. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2018). † mustyadj.1 Obsolete. rare. Of or relating to must or new wine; made with must; (of wine or beer) not yet fermented, in a state of newness. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > qualities or characteristics of wine > [adjective] > matured or fermented > not greeneOE musty?1440 must1559 mustulent1592 aiglent1623 infermented1732 stummy1770 mute1801 fiery-new1842 tr. Palladius De re Rustica (Duke Humfrey) (1896) xi. 525 (MED) A galoun muste from vnder feet do to A stryk flour of newe whete, and..vse this ferment ffor musty breed. 1509 tr. A. de la Sale Fyftene Ioyes of Maryage (de Worde) (new ed.) v. sig. E v A drynker good whiche hath a feruent thyrste..drynketh small and musty wynes fyrste. 1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. at Mostóso Mustie, of sweet wine. 1600 N. Breton Pasqvils Prognostication in Pasqvils Passe 34 When..beefe keepe sweete that hath no salt, And Beere is brewed with musty Malt, Then do beleeue that truth will trie. 1802 T. Beddoes Hygëia II. viii. 32 New musty liquors remain at least equally strong for a time. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online December 2021). mustyadj.2 1. a. Of food or drink: having a mouldy or decayed smell or taste; tainted with mould. Of a cask, bottle, or similar container: stale-smelling, fusty. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > unsavouriness > [adjective] > rank or rancid restya1325 rest1381 rammishc1395 areast1440 reested?c1475 reesed1486 musty1492 rusty?1521 turned1548 reasty1573 froughy1579 flatten1594 reasy1598 rammy1607 rancid1627 loud1641 ranked1648 virous1661 ranciduous1688 raftya1722 virose1756 reeky1854 loud-flavoured1866 the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fetor > [adjective] > fusty or musty fusty1398 musty1492 foisty1519 foistied1572 fusted1598 foughty1600 frowish1608 rafty1655 funkya1680 foisted1688 foist1691 frowsty1865 1492 J. Ryman Poems lxx, in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1892) 89 239 Oure brede was browne, oure ale was thynne; Oure brede was musty in the bynne. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 319/1 Mustye as a vessel is or wyne or any other vitayle, moysy. 1577 Patent Roll 19 Eliz. ix Corrupte and mustie butter. 1600 B. Jonson Every Man out of his Humor i. ii. sig. Dv He looks like a mustie Bottle. View more context for this quotation 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing i. i. 48 You had musty vittaile. 1681 H. Neville Plato Redivivus 233 If you have a musty Vessel, and by consequence dislike the Beer which comes out of it. 1734 A. Pope Satires of Horace ii. ii. 66 Nor lets, like Nævius, ev'ry error pass, The musty wine, foul cloth, or greasy glass. 1738 J. Swift Compl. Coll. Genteel Conversat. 141 This Venison is musty. 1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 479 In cleansing musty casks. 1861 Amer. Agriculturist Jan. 6/3 Musty barrels can be cleaned and rendered sweet by putting in them a pint of unslacked lime, adding one or two gallons of water, and shaking thoroughly. 1891 Daily News 5 Mar. 7/2 The puddings were occasionally made with sour milk and musty eggs. 1967 A. Sexton Live or Die 45 The wine itself is pitch-colored, musty and secret. 1991 Wine & Spirits Apr. 58/1 A musty quality in all three bottles tasted caused some judges to call this wine corky. b. More generally: spoiled with moisture; damp, mouldy, mildewed. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > mouldy or musty fennyc1000 vinnyOE mouleda1250 moulya1398 mouldena1400 spaked1438 vinniedc1450 mouldy1495 hoared1496 mustyc1503 foisty1519 mocha1522 hoary1530 hoar1544 mouldeda1552 mowsy1566 foistied1572 fustied1576 spaky1590 musted1632 mouldish1648 emucid1656 mucid1656 mungy1658 mouldly1678 foisted1688 mothery1697 vinnewya1722 rusty-fustya1790 musty-fusty1857 mucidous1866 blue-vinnied1880 blue-veined1898 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > corruption or putridness > [adjective] > musty or mouldy fennyc1000 vinnyOE mouleda1250 moulya1398 mouldena1400 spaked1438 vinniedc1450 mouldy1495 hoared1496 mustyc1503 foisty1519 hoary1530 moskin1531 hoar1544 mouldeda1552 foistied1572 mustied1572 fustied1576 spaky1590 mildewed1605 musted1632 mucid1656 mungy1658 foisted1688 vinnewya1722 mochy1825 musty-smelling1852 musty-fusty1857 c1503 R. Arnold Chron. f. xlvijv/2 The said peper is so musty..your said suppliant as yet can haue non vttraunce therof. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 730/1 Sprede your corne abrode, it wyll vaxe musty els. 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 649/2 When his wordes be wel sifted, men shall find little fine flowre in them, but all very mustie branne. 1588 T. Hariot Briefe Rep. Virginia sig. C3 But of wheat because it was musty and had taken salt water wee could make no triall: and of rye we had none. 1604 T. Middleton Blacke Bk. in Wks. (1885) VIII. 28 Away I scudded in the musty moth-eaten habit. 1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear xxi. 38 And wast thou faine..To houill thee with swine and rogues forlorne, In short and mustie straw. View more context for this quotation 1653 I. Walton Compl. Angler xi. 199 Have your worms well scowred, and not kept in sowre or mustie moss. View more context for this quotation 1694 E. Gibson Let. 30 June in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Lit. Men (1843) 216 Old musty papers are but ill company for neat cloaths and white hands. 1703 T. D'Urfey Old Mode & New i. i. 11 I can smell the musty Bed-mats, and Kitchen-dressers, above half a Mile before I come to't. 1764 J. Boswell Jrnl. 27 Oct. in Boswell on Grand Tour (1953) I. 155 The heat of an iron stove rendered the straw musty and the air hot. 1796 F. Burney Camilla II. iii. x. 199 You don't suppose he is to shut himself up, with a few musty books, sleeping over the fire, under pretence of study. 1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iii. xi. 103 An early public-house, haunted by unsavoury smells of musty hay. 1874 F. C. Burnand My Time xiv. 120 She walked into the study amongst the old musty books. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. II. 792 The damage done by the use of musty grain as food falls upon the nervous system. 1915 W. S. Maugham Of Human Bondage cxvi. 616 The pages were musty with age and stained with mould. 1938 Encycl. Brit. Bk. of Year 144/1 Phosgene has a faint smell of musty hay; and it tends to work its way down into cellars and ‘dug-outs’. 1981 K. Thear in K. Thear & A. Fraser Compl. Bk. Raising Livestock & Poultry ii. 60/2 It is best to cull affected birds and replace any musty litter or feed. c. Having the faint unpleasant odour of mould; smelling of damp or decay; stale and unaired. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fetor > [adjective] > fusty or musty > of air or atmosphere fustya1529 mustya1529 fat1598 frowzy1681 musty-smelling1852 musty-fusty1857 a1529 J. Skelton Magnyfycence (?1530) sig. Cii Howe be it of scape thryfte your clokes smelleth musty. 1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. iii. i. f. 95v/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Beare with me..that leade thee..into a mustye mault house. 1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing i. iii. 55 Being entertain'd for a perfumer, as I was smoaking a musty roome, comes me the prince and Claudio. View more context for this quotation 1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 592 Do not all Houses and Places grow musty..if the Air be any way prevented by Window-shutters..that it cannot have its free egress and regress? 1797 W. Godwin Enquirer ii. iv. 208 The very air..feels musty. 1860 W. Collins Woman in White (new ed.) II. 15 I was terribly afraid, from what I had heard of Blackwater Park, of fatiguing antique chairs..and musty, frouzy hangings. 1927 A. Conan Doyle Case-bk. Sherlock Holmes 268 It was a close, musty, ill-ventilated place, as might be expected, since its inmate seldom left it. 1994 B. A. Staples Parallel Time vi. 87 My father would have shed his musty truck-driver's clothes and become the self that we were seeing less and less of. d. Characteristic of or belonging to mould; characterized by mustiness or mouldiness. ΚΠ 1799 tr. Laboratory (ed. 6) I. xiv. 433 To correct a musty Taste in Wine. 1849 H. Melville Redburn xxviii. 172 It proved a miserable beverage, with a musty, sour flavor. 1882 M. A. Paull Thistledown Lodge III. 88 A musty odour joined to the greasiness and mousiness of the apartment. 1937 Amer. Home Apr. 124/2 Under the microscope they would look like a mass of white fibers, but they are still invisible to the casual observer. Only a slight musty odor might give any indication of their presence. 2000 Independent on Sunday 3 Sept. i. 1/4 The musty taste associated with corked wine fungus is 2-4-6 trichloroanisole, or TCA. 2. figurative. a. Of something immaterial: that has lost its freshness, interest, or vitality; outmoded, old-fashioned, archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > old-fashioned or antiquated moth-frettenOE antiquate?a1425 antique?1532 rusty1549 moth-eaten1551 musty1575 worm-eatenc1575 overyear1584 out of date1589 old-fashioned1592 out of date1592 worm-eat1597 old-fashion1599 ancient1601 outdated1616 out-of-fashion1623 over-aged1623 superannuateda1634 thorough-old1639 overdateda1641 trunk-hosea1643 antiquitated1645 antiquated1654 out-of-fashioned1671 unmodern1731 of the old school1749 auld-farrant1750 old-fangled1764 fossila1770 fogram1772 passé1775 unmodernized1775 oxidated1791 moss-covered1792 square-toeda1797 old-fashionable1807 pigtail1817 behind the times1826 slow1827 fossilized1828 rococo1836 antiquish1838 old-timey1850 out of season1850 moss-grown1851 old style1858 antiqued1859 pigtaily1859 prehistoric1859 backdated1862 played1864 fossiled1866 bygone1869 mossy-backed1870 old-worldly1878 past-time1889 outmoded1896 dated1900 brontosaurian1909 antiquey1926 horse-and-buggy1926 vintage1928 Neolithic1934 time-warped1938 demoded1941 steam age1941 hairy1946 old school1946 rinky-dink1946 time warp1954 Palaeolithic1957 retardataire1958 throwback1968 wally1969 antwacky1975 1575 G. Gascoigne Hemetes Heremyte in Wks. (1910) II. 477 For my latyne is rustye, myne Itallyan mustye, and my french forgrowne. 1592 T. Nashe Pierce Penilesse (Brit. Libr. copy) sig. D4 v I know manie wise Gentlemen of this mustie vocation [sc. Antiquaries]. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet iii. ii. 331 But while the grasse growes, the prouerbe is something musty . View more context for this quotation 1684 Bp. G. Burnet tr. T. More Utopia 46 Some old musty Laws. 1729 J. Gay Polly i. i. 2 As to conscience and musty morals, I have as few drawbacks upon my profits or pleasures as any man of quality in England. a1764 C. Churchill Journey (1765) 7 Read musty lectures on Benevolence. 1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. ii. 42 Your newspapers delayed..till..all their intelligence is musty. 1883 Science 2 Mar. 110/1 He..rode circuit with his mind on older, if less musty, things than Jarndyce vs. Jarndyce. 1899 H. Sutcliffe Shameless Wayne xxv. 318 No buried legend of his house, no musty tale of wrongs suffered and repaid but came back to mind. 1926 W. J. Locke Stories Near & Far 153 Musty congratulations. 1987 A. Brien Lenin vi. 700 We have made a revolution yet we stick to the mustiest rituals. b. Of a person: dull and unadventurous; having a ponderous, old-fashioned, or unoriginal outlook; fogeyish. Cf. fusty adj. 3. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > feeling of weariness or tedium > [adjective] > wearisome or tedious > of persons weary1549 wearisome1573 musty1603 slow1840 anoraked1960 the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [adjective] > old-fashioned or antiquated > of persons, views, etc. old-fashioned1596 musty1603 mildewed1605 fusty1609 wormy1611 frumpy1746 fossila1770 arriéré1814 has-been1819 Rip Van Winkleish1829 frumpish1847 archaistic1850 fogey1852 fogeyish1852 old fogeyish1853 rusty-fusty1864 mossbacked1876 dead-handed1928 Victorian1934 unhep1939 unhip1939 dinosaurian1943 square1946 dinosaur-like1947 dinosauric1977 analogue1993 1603 J. Manningham Diary 3 Apr. (1976) 222 Musty doctors, that lett learning mould and rust in them for want of use. 1656 R. Sanderson 20 Serm. 119 They settle upon their own dregs, and grow muddy and musty with long ease. 1665 R. Brathwait Comment Two Tales Chaucer 48 How is it, you old musty Dotard, that with a sorrow you hide the keys of your Chests from me? 1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 482. ¶2 Being married to a Bookish Man, who has no Knowledge of the World, she is forced..to spirit him up now and then, that he may not grow musty, and unfit for Conversation. 1745 H. Fielding True Patriot 26 Nov. 1/3 None but a musty Moralist..would have condemned it. a1763 J. Byrom Poetaster 24 Then he..of old musty Bards mumbles over the Names. 1824 W. Irving Tales of Traveller II. viii. 86 A little rusty, musty old fellow, always groping among ruins. 1883 Good Words 24 183 The doctors say we get musty and fusty if we stay in one place. 1926 D. Parker Enough Rope (1977) 83 You will be frail and musty, with peering furtive head, whilst I am young and lusty, among the roaring dead. 1987 A. Wiseman Mem. of Bk. Molesting Childhood 32 Musty old grandmothers whose faces cracked into a thousand responsive wrinkles when you greeted them. 3. Peevish, sullen, bad-tempered. Now English regional (north-western). ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill humour > [adjective] moodyc1300 distemprec1374 melancholiana1393 solein1399 darkc1440 gloomingc1440 girning1447 melancholyc1450 tetrical1528 tetric1533 distemperate1548 morose1565 sullen1570 stunt1581 humorous1590 gloomya1593 muddy1592 clum1599 dortya1605 humoursome1607 distempereda1616 musty1620 grum1640 agelastic1666 fusty1668 purdy1668 ill-humoured1693 gurly1721 mumpish1721 sunking1724 tetricous1727 sumphish1728 stunkard1737 sulky1744 muggard1746 farouche1765 sombrea1767 glumpy1780 glumpish1800 tiffy1810 splenitive1815 stuffy1825 liverish1828 troglodytish1866 glummy1884 humpy1889 scowly1951 1620 T. Shelton tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote ii. xlviii. 313 The ill-wounded Don Quixote was exceeding musty and melancholy, with his Face bound vp and scarred. a1640 J. Fletcher & P. Massinger Spanish Curat iv. iii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. G/1 He is monstrous vexed, and musty, at my Chesse-play. 1672 T. Shadwell Miser i What a Devil makes thee in so musty a humour? c1728 Earl of Ailesbury Mem. (1890) 691 He was very musty because I would not catch at the bait and be his bubble. 1760 S. Foote Minor ii. 56 Here comes the musty trader, running over with remonstrances. I must banter the cit. 1821 P. Egan Life in London (1904) II. ii. 147 The Corinthian..floored two or three of the musty coves. 1881 J. Sargisson Joe Scoap's Jurneh 12 Fadder leuckt varra musty, an niver oppent his gob. Compounds C1. musty-looking adj. ΚΠ 1840 N. Hawthorne Haunted Quack 62 A small regiment of musty-looking books were drawn up in line upon a couple of shelves. 1956 N. Algren Walk on Wild Side i. 80 As they watched, a musty-looking rabbit hippety-hopped from a corner. musty-smelling adj. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fetor > [adjective] > fusty or musty > of air or atmosphere fustya1529 mustya1529 fat1598 frowzy1681 musty-smelling1852 musty-fusty1857 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > corruption or putridness > [adjective] > musty or mouldy fennyc1000 vinnyOE mouleda1250 moulya1398 mouldena1400 spaked1438 vinniedc1450 mouldy1495 hoared1496 mustyc1503 foisty1519 hoary1530 moskin1531 hoar1544 mouldeda1552 foistied1572 mustied1572 fustied1576 spaky1590 mildewed1605 musted1632 mucid1656 mungy1658 foisted1688 vinnewya1722 mochy1825 musty-smelling1852 musty-fusty1857 1852 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 19 474/2 It is a sober business, riding at midnight in a musty-smelling cab. 1864 E. C. Gaskell in Cornhill Mag. Sept. 382 A large, musty-smelling room. 1981 A. Fraser in K. Thear & A. Fraser Compl. Bk. Raising Livestock & Poultry viii. 210/1 In thrush the frog is found to be wet and pitted, oozing a dark musty-smelling liquid. ΚΠ 1751 tr. Female Foundling II. 135 An old, musty walled Chapel. C2. In rhyming compounds. musty-fusty adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > resulting from neglect rusty-dusty1558 fusty1609 musty-fusty1857 cobwebbed1905 sleazy1941 tatty1956 the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [adjective] > mouldy or musty fennyc1000 vinnyOE mouleda1250 moulya1398 mouldena1400 spaked1438 vinniedc1450 mouldy1495 hoared1496 mustyc1503 foisty1519 mocha1522 hoary1530 hoar1544 mouldeda1552 mowsy1566 foistied1572 fustied1576 spaky1590 musted1632 mouldish1648 emucid1656 mucid1656 mungy1658 mouldly1678 foisted1688 mothery1697 vinnewya1722 rusty-fustya1790 musty-fusty1857 mucidous1866 blue-vinnied1880 blue-veined1898 the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fetor > [adjective] > fusty or musty > of air or atmosphere fustya1529 mustya1529 fat1598 frowzy1681 musty-smelling1852 musty-fusty1857 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > corruption or putridness > [adjective] > musty or mouldy fennyc1000 vinnyOE mouleda1250 moulya1398 mouldena1400 spaked1438 vinniedc1450 mouldy1495 hoared1496 mustyc1503 foisty1519 hoary1530 moskin1531 hoar1544 mouldeda1552 foistied1572 mustied1572 fustied1576 spaky1590 mildewed1605 musted1632 mucid1656 mungy1658 foisted1688 vinnewya1722 mochy1825 musty-smelling1852 musty-fusty1857 1857 W. Collins Dead Secret II. iv. iv. 50 In that old part of the house it is what you call musty-fusty. 1921 W. de la Mare Crossings 17 No more scales in that musty-fusty old practice-room! 1980 Paleobiology 6 110/2 A desire to renounce musty-fusty notions of historical uniqueness. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online June 2022). mustyadj.3 rare. Of a male elephant, camel, etc.: that is in musth. See musth adj. and n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > order Proboscidea (elephants) > [adjective] > relating to elephants > in must musth1839 musty1868 the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > group Ruminantia (sheep, goats, cows, etc.) > family Camelidae (camel) > [adjective] > sexually excited musty1868 1868 Morning Star 6 Jan. 5/4 The twentieth [elephant]..was so vicious and ‘musty’. 1882 E. A. Floyer Unexplored Baluchistan 57 The two ‘musty’ camels. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † mustyv. Obsolete. intransitive. To become musty. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fetor > stink [verb (intransitive)] > become fusty or musty must1530 foisty1572 foist1583 fusta1592 musty1631 the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorate in condition [verb (intransitive)] > become mouldy or musty vinnyOE moul?c1225 mould1530 foisty1572 hoar1573 milder1592 musty1631 to grow whiskers1977 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > corruption or putridness > become corrupt or putrid [verb (intransitive)] > become musty or mouldy vinnyOE moul?c1225 mould1530 must1530 foisty1572 hoar1573 musty1631 mildew1651 to grow whiskers1977 the world > time > relative time > the past > oldness or ancientness > [verb (intransitive)] > become old-fashioned musty1631 to go out1772 fossilize1845 stale1893 date1924 1631 W. Gouge Gods Three Arrowes ii. §22. 160 Corne..being so heaped together..mustieth, putrifieth, and is made unfit for use. 1633 J. Shirley Gamester ii. ii But I may lose it ere I go to bed. Dost think 't shall musty? What's a hundred pound? a1704 T. Brown Lett. from Dead (new ed.) in Wks. (1707) II. ii. 68 You..keep your Reputation musty'ng upon an old Foundation, which is ready to sink. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2019). < n.1709adj.1?1440adj.21492adj.31868v.1631 |
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