mustardn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈmʌstəd/, U.S.

/ˈməstərd/

Forms: Middle English mostar- (in compounds), Middle English mostard, Middle English mostarde, Middle English murstard, Middle English mustart, Middle English–1500s mustarde, Middle English–1700s (1800s– English regional) musterd, Middle English– mustard, 1500s mudsterd, 1500s mustar- (in compounds), 1500s musterde, 1500s mvster- (in compounds), 1600s muster- (in compounds); Scottish pre-1700 mostert, pre-1700 moustard, pre-1700 mowstard, pre-1700 mustar, pre-1700 muster, pre-1700 mustert, pre-1700 mwstard, pre-1700 1700s– mustard, pre-1700 1800s– mustart, 1900s– mustarte.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French mustarde, mostarde.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman mustarde, mustard, mostart, moustard and Old French mostarde, moustarde condiment prepared with crushed mustard grains (c1223–78; 1269 in sense ‘mustard plant’; French moutarde ) < most , must must n.¹ + -ard -ard suffix, so called because the condiment was originally prepared by making the ground seeds into a paste with must. Compare Old Occitan mostarda (1350), Italian mostarda (14th cent.), Spanish mostaza (c1400), Portuguese mostarda (1416), Catalan mostalla. Compare also post-classical Latin mustardum (frequently in British sources from mid 13th to early 14th centuries).Apparently attested earlier in surnames, from the late 12th cent., as Adam Mustard (1190), Robert Mustard (1256), Jordanus Mustard (1278). Compare ( < French) Middle Dutch mostard, mostaert (Dutch mosterd), Middle Low German mostart, mostert, mustart, mustert, Middle High German mostert, mustart (German regional (northern) Mostert, Mostrich).

A. n.

a. Powder made from the crushed seeds of certain plants of the family Brassicaceae ( Cruciferae), used in cookery for its pungency (see sense A. 2a) (formerly also †flour of mustard). Also: a paste made from this powder mixed with water, vinegar, etc., used as a pungent condiment and (formerly) in making poultices or plasters. oil of mustard n. a fixed oil obtained from pressed mustard seeds. essence of mustard n. (a) = mustard oil n. at Compounds 2; (b) (the commercial name of) a medicinal embrocation containing mustard.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > additive > spice > [noun] > mustard seed > ground or paste

mustard1289

French mustard1595

Durham Mustard1799

Dijon1820

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils

oil de baya1398

oil roseta1400

alkitranc1400

laurinec1400

oil of spicac1400

seed oil1400

rape oil1420

nut-oil?c1425

masticine?1440

oil de rose?1440

oil of myrtine?a1450

gingellya1544

rose oil1552

alchitrean1562

oil of spike1577

oil of ben1594

myrtle oil1601

sesamus1601

sampsuchine1616

oil of walnuts1622

rape1641

oil of rhodium1649

rapeseed oil1652

neroli1676

oil of mace1681

spirit of scurvy-grass1682

beech-oil1716

poppy oil1737

castor oil1746

oil of sassafras1753

orange-peel oil1757

wood-oil1759

bergamot1766

sunflower oil1768

Russia oil1773

oil castor1779

tung-yu1788

poppy-seed oil1799

cocoa butter1801

sassafras oil1801

phulwara1805

oil of wine1807

grass oil1827

oil of marjoram1829

cajuput oil1832

essence of mustarda1834

picamar1835

spurge oil1836

oenanthic ether1837

tea oil1837

capnomor1838

cinnamon-oil1838

oil of mustard1838

orange-flower oil1838

resinein1841

mustard oil1844

myrrhol1845

styrol1845

oenanthol1847

shea butter1847

wintergreen1847

gaultheria oil1848

ginger-grass oil.1849

nutmeg oil1849

pine oil1849

peppermint oil1850

cocoa fat1851

orange oil1853

neem oil1856

poonga oil1857

xanthoxylene1857

crab-oil1858

illupi oil1858

Shanghai oil1861

stand oil1862

mustard-seed oil1863

carap oilc1865

cocum butter or oilc1865

Kurung oil1866

muduga oil1866

pichurim oil1866

serpolet1866

sumbul oil1868

sesame oil1870

niger oil1872

summer yellow1872

olibene1873

patchouli oil1875

pilocarpene1876

styrolene1881

tung oil1881

becuiba tallow1884

soy oil1884

tea-seed oil1884

eucalyptus1885

sage oil1888

hop-oil1889

cotton-seed oil1891

lemon oil1896

palmarosa oil1897

illipe butter1904

hydnocarpus oil1905

tung1911

niger seed oil1917

sun oil1937

vanaspati1949

fennel oil-

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > ointments, etc. > [noun] > liniment > other liniments

essence of mustarda1834

carron oil1884

1289 in J. Webb Househ. Expenses R. de Swinfield (1853) 10 (MED) In mostard, iiij d.

?a1300 Dame Sirith 280 in G. H. McKnight Middle Eng. Humorous Tales (1913) 13 Pepir nou shalt þou eten; þis mustart shal ben þi mete.

c1390 (c1300) MS Vernon Homilies in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1877) 57 308 Summe smered hire Mouþ..wiþ grounden Mustard.

a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 164 Furst set forthe mustard, & brawne of boore.

1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 582/1 And now when hys argument is all made vp, ye shal find it as full of reason as an egge full of mustarde.

1582 R. Madox Diary 21 May in E. S. Donno Elizabethan in 1582 (1976) 136 He that telleth the fyrst lye on a Monday must se mustard made and the ship swept al the week after.

1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. ii. 156 Some think their conceits, like mustard, not good except they bite.

1786 J. Abercrombie Gardeners Daily Assistant 75 Flour of mustard.

a1834 S. T. Coleridge in Sir H. Davy's Rem. (1858) 80 I..having seen in an advertisement something about essence of mustard curing the most obstinate cases of rheumatism.

1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 439 Oil of Mustard..is expressed from the seeds of the sinapis alba and nigra.

1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 902 (note) The mustard of the shops is said to be often mixed with wheat flour and cayenne pepper to heighten the flavour.

1867 C. L. Bloxam Chemistry 479 The essence of mustard and that of horseradish are composed of C₈H₅NS₂.

1903 Daily Chron. 16 Jan. 5/1 With cayenne and mustard (to give their food the missing ‘kick’).

1925 Woman's World (Chicago) Apr. 62/2 (advt.) Ward off your colds with Musterole before pneumonia starts. Musterole is a clean, white ointment made with oil of mustard.

1987 Z. Tomin Coast of Bohemia v. 199 I thought I caught a whiff of hot grease, smoked meat and mustard.

1989 Martindale's Extra Pharmacopoeia (ed. 29) 1064/3 Volatile Mustard Oil... Essence of Mustard.

b. With prefixed place name or a derived adjective, indicating a variety of this condiment made in or associated with a particular place.For established compounds, as Dijon, Durham, English, French mustard, etc., see the first element.

ΚΠ

a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 103 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 121 (MED) Take wyne greke and hony clarified togider, lumbarde mustard, & raisouns corance al hool.

1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. D4^v A messe of Tewksbury mustard.

1599 Househ. Bks. James VI 23 Sept. (Transcr. MS Reg. H) Fyue vnce dredgie and Frensche mustart.

1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 ii. iv. 243 His wit's as thicke as Tewksbury mustard .

1648 J. Bobart Catalogus Plantarum Horti Medici Oxoniensis 6 Arabis quorundam impropr è à nonnullis pro solidagine sarasenica accip. Arabian Mustard.

a1706 J. Evelyn Direct. for Gardiner (1932) 93 Add as much of grated Tewskbury mustard as will cover halfe a crown.

1790 W. Dyde Hist. & Tewkesbury ii. 5 He looks as if he lived on Tewkesbury mustard.

1834 J. R. McCulloch Dict. Commerce (ed. 2) 810 Mustard..was formerly extensively cultivated in Durham, but it is now seldom seen in that county. At present it is principally raised in the neighbourhood of York,..and..is afterwards sold under the name of Durham mustard.

1842 Penny Cycl. XXII. 36/2 French mustard for the table is often prepared with vinegar.

1851 London at Table i. 18 The accessories being salad, beetroot, vegetables, French and English mustard.

1925 J. Dos Passos Manhattan Transfer i. iv. 81 Why don't you try a little French mustard on it? It'll make it taste better.

1984 Observer Guide Food from Brit. iv. 62/2 Tewkesbury mustard..is sold by many delicatessens.

1994 Chile Pepper Dec. 31/1 Creole mustard. A robust, coarse brown mustard, often with whole mustard seeds.

†c. In extended use: a substance resembling mustard in appearance. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1582 J. Hester tr. L. Fioravanti Compend. Rationall Secretes iii. lxx. 96 Take this hearbe [sc. Millefoile]..and put thervnto Bedellium, Frankensence, and common oile, and make thereof as it were a Mustarde.

d. The dark brownish yellow colour of mustard. Also mustard yellow.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [noun] > brownish yellow

fallowa1425

ochre1440

Minozin1680

fulvidness1685

satinwood1773

buff1788

nankeen1794

mountain yellow1801

chamois1872

mustard1884

oliveness1890

Sahara1923

1851 H. D. Richardson Dog 81 The dog celebrated by Sir Walter Scott as the Pepper and Mustard, or Dandie Dinmont breed.]

1851 Harper's Mag. Aug. 376 He heightens his hideousness by encircling his eyes with bands of white paint; daubing his cheeks a rich mustard yellow.

1884 in W. Forrester Great-Grandmama's Weekly (1980) v. 88/2 A large range of colour..nankeen, maize, mustard.

1904 Daily Chron. 30 Mar. 8/2 A certain shade of mustard-yellow.

1923 Daily Mail 17 Apr. 7 (advt.) In shades of Jade, Mustard, Cherry, Nigger or Grey.

1951 E. Paul Springtime in Paris (U.K. ed.) ii. 33 Most of the young coloured men, yellow, brown, snuff, mustard or ginger in hue, had white girls with them.

1971 Vogue 15 Sept. 129/2 Coats..colours: orange, mustard, brick, royal.

1974 H. McCloy Sleepwalker ii. 16 A mind-blowing mustard yellow for the woodwork.

a. Any of the yellow-flowered annual plants of the family Brassicaceae ( Cruciferae) whose seeds are used to make the condiment mustard; spec. (a) (in full black mustard) Brassica nigra, a tall European plant with dark brown seeds (now largely replaced commercially by brown mustard); (b) (in full white mustard) Sinapis alba, a somewhat hairy plant with yellowish seeds, originally native to the Mediterranean region, also used as seedlings in ‘mustard and cress’ (see sense A. 2c); (c) (in full brown mustard or Indian mustard) Brassica juncea, native to southern and eastern Asia, which has large pods containing brown seeds. Formerly called senvy.field, wild mustard, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > medicinal and culinary plants > medicinal and culinary plant or part of plant > [noun] > mustard plant

senvya1300

mustard1340

mustard seed?1523

field senvy1597

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > medicinal and culinary plants > medicinal and culinary plant or part of plant > [noun] > mustard plant > brown or white mustard plant or seed

black mustard1340

white mustard1731

brown mustard1875

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Cruciferae (crucifers) > [noun] > brassica plants

wortc1325

colewortc1380

Arabian mustard1640

Indian mustard1731

aethionema1812

brassica1832

popweed1887

1340 Ayenbite (1866) 143 (MED) Þet zed o mostard is wel smal, ac hit is wel strang and wel bitinde.

?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 87^v (MED) White pepir ys hote and dry, and his levis ben like mostarde, but þay ben slyttid.

Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 349 Mustard [v.r. mustard syd], or warlok, or sevyne, herbe, sinapis.

c1450 Med. Recipes (BL Add. 33996) in F. Heinrich Mittelengl. Medizinbuch (1896) 217 (MED) Loke þat þou haue redy greeter mustard & sawge leues, & stampe hyt.

1571 P. Peña & M. de L'Obel Stirpium Adversaria 67 Sinapi sativvm Erucæ, aut Rapifolium... Ang. Mudsterd, Senbeye.

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 190 Sinapi syluestre. Wilde Mustard.

1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 222 As for the Mustard that sprung up in the Isle of Ely,..yet might it have been brought down in the Channels by the Floods.

1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Sinapi The Species are; 1. Common or Red Mustard. 2. Garden or White Mustard. 3. Indian Mustard, with a Lettuce leaf.

1785 M. Cutler in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1 468 Sinapis siliquis glabris tetragonis..Black Mustard. Blossoms pale yellow. Common about barns.

1800 R. Hodgkinson Jrnl. 14 June in Lancashire Gentleman (1992) v. 150 The answer I got was..that the Flower was called Mustard, that it was a weed.

1813 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening (ed. 5) 270 Mustard is much used as a sallad herb..and the white is the garden sort, the black being cultivated in fields for its seeds to make flour of.

1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 384/1 The brown mustard is grown solely for its seeds, which yield the well-known condiment.

1948 G. D. H. Bell Cultivated Plants Farm xiv. 126 Many brassicas are biennals... There are others, like the seed mustards and the coleseeds, which are annuals.

1992 Crop Pests U.K. xxxv. 178/1 Of the spring-sown crops, white mustard (Sinapis alba) is usually less affected [by cabbage stem weevil] than brown mustard (Brassica juncea).

b. With distinguishing word: any of various other plants (chiefly of the family Brassicaceae ( Cruciferae)) resembling or thought to resemble the true mustards in appearance, taste, etc.boor's, hedge, tower mustard, etc.: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Cruciferae (crucifers) > [noun]

mustard1597

crossworts1861

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 205 Buckler Mustarde... Small buckler Mustarde.

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 206 Grecian Mustard hath many leaues spread vpon the ground, like those of the common Daisie.

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 211 Thornie mustarde groweth vp to the height of fower cubites.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Moustarde sauvage, treacle Mustard, wild Mustard, wild Sene.

1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) ii. 266 Round leaued Mustard hath many large leaues laid flat vpon the ground like the leaues of the wilde Cabbage.

1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Thlaspi Mithridate Mustard.

1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) III. 568 Thlaspi anense, Treacle mustard. Penny-cress.

1842 C. W. Johnson Farmer's Encycl. 1177/2 Tower-mustard... The foliage is so disposed on the stems as to give them a pyramidal form, and for the same reason the plants are called tower-mustard.

1848 A. Gray Man. Bot. Northern U.S. 37 Erysimum, L. Treacle Mustard.

1853 G. Johnston Terra Lindisfarnensis I. 35 Sinapis arvensis. Wild Mustard.—Cornfields.

1972 Y. Lovelock Veg. Bk. 72 The other [Chinese cabbage], Baak-choy (B[rassica] chinensis), is also called Chinese mustard, and is noted for its lack of smell when cooking.

1990 Nature Conservancy Sept.–Oct. 27/1 Gray's Woods hosts five plant species imperiled in the state. One of these—Lesquerreux's mustard (Lesquereau globosa)—is also globally endangered.

c. mustard and cress n. seedlings of white mustard (sometimes commercially replaced by rape seedlings, Brassica napus) and of cress ( Lepidium sativum) used as a garnish and in salads. Frequently attributive. Also figurative and in figurative contexts.Sometimes grown in pots, baskets, etc., as an ornament.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > leaf vegetables > [noun] > cress

cressa700

town cresseOE

nasturtiumOE

watercressa1400

cresson1657

tongue-grass1726

poor man's pepper1738

mustard and cress1808

fen-cress1818

Para cress1857

1808 R. E. Landor Guy's Porridge Pot ii. 30 (note) I have spoken with great admiration of the Doctor's dress, but others have declared that formerly he could raise mustard and cress upon his hat crown.

1827 W. Hone Table Bk. I. 607 An ingenious contrivance to make mustard and cress seeds grow in pleasant forms over vessels and basketwork.

1831 H. E. Manning Let. 3 Apr. in Life I. 76 Six months of this rustic vegetation, and my cerebellum would put forth mustard and cress.

1858 A. Mayhew Paved with Gold 207 His beard grew with a mustard-and-cress rapidity.

1876 ‘L. Carroll’ Hunting of Snark iii. 27 They roused him with muffins—they roused him with ice—They roused him with mustard and cress.

1902 Westm. Gaz. 24 Dec. 1/3 The little mustard and cress seeds out of the paw-paws.

1974 S. Clapham Greenhouse Bk. xx. 196 All these need a temperature of at least 60°F (16°C) but antirrhinums, sweet peas, lettuce and mustard and cress may be sown now in cooler conditions.

1996 R. Mabey Flora Britannica 154/2 White mustard..from southern Europe, which is quite widely naturalised and is also the mustard of ‘mustard and cress’.

a. In figurative context. With negative connotation: something which is too biting, caustic, or strong.

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the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > sourness or bitterness of temper > [noun] > sourness or bitterness of speech > quality

mustard1546

subacid1838

1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. i. sig. Fiii^v Where hir words seemd hony,..Now are they mustard.

1805 G. Colman in M. R. Booth Eng. Plays of 19th Cent. (1973) III. 86 Give me good words, and I'm as asy as an ould glove; but bite my nose off with mustard, and have at you with pepper.

1832 L. Hunt Sir Ralph Esher I. xi. 233 As if the fighting they were going to have was not mustard enough to their beef.

1972 J. Mosedale Football v. 77 Many complained he put too much mustard on the ball.

b. In similative and proverbial phrases, esp. with reference to the heat or pungency of mustard. hot (also strong) as mustard: very powerful or passionate. keen as mustard: very enthusiastic.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > zeal or enthusiasm > [adjective]

needfulOE

anguishous?c1225

eager?a1300

throc1330

fierce1377

desirousc1386

affectuousa1400

yeverousa1400

inwardc1402

earnestful?1406

rathe?c1450

zealing1459

increc1480

affectual1483

zealous1526

affectioneda1533

jealous1535

heartyc1540

affectivec1550

earnest1563

pricking1575

forward1587

affectionate1598

passiveless1602

zealful1602

full-hearteda1616

wholehearted1644

intense1645

high1649

covetous1652

thorough-hearted1656

keen as mustard1659

fell1667

fervent1673

smirk1674

zealed1679

prest1697

strenuous1713

enthusiastic1741

enthusiastical1755

whole-souled1821

con amore1828

lyrical1875

mustard1919

gung ho1942

1658 in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 6 The keenest mustard.]

1659 J. Howell Prov. Eng. Toung 18/2 in Παροιμιογραϕια As strong as Mustard.

1672 W. Walker Paroemiologia Anglo-Lat. 25/1 As keen as mustard.

1679 F. Smith Clod-pate's Ghost 4/2 You shall see a man as hot as Mustard against Plot and Plotters.

a1732 J. Gay New Song Similes in Songs My passion is as mustard strong.

1852 C. J. Mathews Little Toddlekins 20 Capt. Littlepop: I've been obliged to..diet myself on stiff brandy and water. Brownsmith: Mahogany? I have got some,..black as coffee, strong as mustard.

1886 A. C. Hobart Sketches Life vi. 53 I returned, keen as mustard, to my ship.

1892 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrecker x. 161 The note of timidity offended me like a buffet; my temper rose as hot as mustard.

1916 ‘B. Cable’ Doing their Bit ii. 36 They get as keen as mustard on it.

1938 N. Marsh Artists in Crime ii. 13 He's as keen as mustard,..and he can talk of nothing but his work.

1991 M. Dibdin Dirty Tricks (BNC) 70 I have to say they're good. Sharp, hungry, keen as mustard. Thatcher's kids.

c. slang (originally U.S.). Something which adds piquancy or zest; that which sets the standard or is the best of anything. to cut the mustard and variants: to come up to expectations, to meet requirements, to succeed. to be (to) the mustard: to be exactly what is required; to be very good or special.

ΚΠ

1891 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 9 Apr. 4/3 They applied several coats of carmine hue and cut the mustard over all their predecessors.

1892 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 12 Sept. 7/3 Time will reveal that he cannot ‘cut the mustard’.

1903 A. Adams Log of Cowboy xv. 237 For fear they were not the proper mustard, he had that dog man sue him in court for the balance, so as to make him prove the pedigree.

1905 ‘H. McHugh’ You can search Me 17 Petroskinski is a discovery of mine, and he's all to the mustard.

1907 ‘O. Henry’ Heart of West x. 163 I looked around and found a proposition that exactly cut the mustard.

1922 C. Sandburg Slabs of Sunburnt West 7 Kid each other... Tell each other you're all to the mustard.

1930 P. G. Wodehouse Very Good, Jeeves iii. 70 Life at this juncture seemed pretty well all to the mustard.

1960 J. Mitford Hons & Rebels ix. 56 Perhaps I could get a job as a maid in somebody's house..but Idden convinced me I would never cut the mustard at this occupation.

1974 Citizen (Ottawa) 24 Aug. 78 What if I'm no good at it? What if I just can't cut the mustard?

1989 Daily Tel. 25 Nov. (Weekend Mag.) 31 The uniform does not cut much mustard there.

d. to be mustard: (of a person) to be regarded as very sharp, keen, or accomplished in a particular sphere. Cf. hot stuff n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [verb (intransitive)]

to be P and Q1612

to have everything1748

to hit the high spots1891

to be mustard1925

to be a box of birds1939

1925 E. Wallace King by Night ix. 41 That fellow is mustard.

1959 Times 19 June 16/3 He [sc. a batsman] is mustard on anything a trifle short of a length.

1966 L. Southworth Felon in Disguise ix. 131 He could see the couple and what they were doing. ‘Blimey, she's mustard,’ he thought.

1972 Daily Express 4 July 6/8 Britain is particularly hot on calculus. The Russians and the East Germans are mustard on the theory of numbers and on solid geometry.

1973 ‘B. Mather’ Snowline xix. 231 You can wash out South Africa... They're mustard there. You couldn't smuggle in a grain of wheat.

1989 Weekend Tel. 7 Jan. p. iv/7 One specialised in minor human ailments..while the other was absolute mustard on curing cattle to the great discomfit of the local vets.

a. Short for mustard gas n.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > fire, radiation, or chemical weapons > [noun] > gas

poison gas1816

gas1897

mustard gas1917

tear-gas1917

yperite1917

mustard1918

phosgene1918

riot gas1930

war gas1934

nausea gas1936

nerve gas1940

tear-smoke1946

Sarin1951

Soman1951

pepper gas1968

stun gas1968

pepper spray1986

1918 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 7 Dec. 1911/2 (heading) Mustard (yellow cross) burns.

1937 A. M. Prentiss Chemicals in War ii. 50 If sufficient effort is expended in finding more efficient ways of using it, mustard will undoubtedly yield far greater results.

1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) III. 44/2 Wet or perspiring skin absorbs more mustard than does dry skin.

1989 Air Pictorial Feb. 66/1 Another important decision was to limit types of gas to just phosgene and mustard or a similar blistering agent.

b. Chemistry and Medicine. Any of a group of substances having alkylating properties and a structure typified by that of mustard gas.See also nitrogen mustard n. at nitrogen n. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > preparations treating or preventing specific ailments > [noun] > for tumour

platinum blue1908

nitrogen mustard1943

mustard1945

piperoxan1950

melphalan1960

procarbazine1965

bleomycin1966

1945 Science 23 Nov. 518/2 The prevention or treatment of casualties due to this agent and to related substances, the nitrogen mustards, which had been developed since World War I, became a problem of prime importance when war threatened.

1964 Brit. Med. Bull. 20 91/1 The biological alkylating agents..include the sulphur and nitrogen mustards, epoxides, [etc.].

1970 Nature 6 June 897/1 Quinacrine mustard makes part of the human Y chromosome fluoresce particularly brightly.

1990 Carcinogenesis 11 1399/2 This reactive, intermediate, a half sulfur mustard, is possibly rearranged to an episulfonium ion.

B. adj. (attributive).

†1. Resembling mustard; sharp, biting. Chiefly figurative. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie i. ii. sig. C2^v Sharp mustard rime To purge the snottery of our slimie time.

1619 H. Hutton Follie's Anat. sig. A7 Censures base whoredome, with a Mustard face, With a sowre pis-pot visage, doth disgrace A Ruffled Boote.

2. Of the colour of mustard; dark brownish yellow.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > zeal or enthusiasm > [adjective]

needfulOE

anguishous?c1225

eager?a1300

throc1330

fierce1377

desirousc1386

affectuousa1400

yeverousa1400

inwardc1402

earnestful?1406

rathe?c1450

zealing1459

increc1480

affectual1483

zealous1526

affectioneda1533

jealous1535

heartyc1540

affectivec1550

earnest1563

pricking1575

forward1587

affectionate1598

passiveless1602

zealful1602

full-hearteda1616

wholehearted1644

intense1645

high1649

covetous1652

thorough-hearted1656

keen as mustard1659

fell1667

fervent1673

smirk1674

zealed1679

prest1697

strenuous1713

enthusiastic1741

enthusiastical1755

whole-souled1821

con amore1828

lyrical1875

mustard1919

gung ho1942

the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [adjective] > brownish yellow

ochry1567

olive-coloured1612

sand-coloured1627

shammy1661

buff-coloured1686

pea soup1703

ochreish1747

ochreous1761

buff1765

ochraceous1776

buff-colour1796

buffish1802

mustard-coloured1825

nankeen1838

buffy1842

ochre-coloured1845

mustardy1850

ochrous1877

buff-yellow1882

buff-washed1883

mustard1919

Sahara1923

wheaten1975

1919 J. Joyce Ulysses x. [Wandering Rocks] in Little Rev. June 43 She stared at the large poster of Marie Kendall,... Mustard hair and dauby cheeks.

1965 J. Gale Clean Young Englishman iii. 101 I wore my demobilisation suede shoes and a mustard ferreting coat.

1969 G. MacBeth War Quartet 60 I rose against a full moon, sharp in mustard light.

1988 Independent 21 Dec. 3/4 Miss Benson..was wearing a mustard top.., blue jeans.

2001 J. Wolcott Catsitters xlv. 287 Each parking garage had its own sentry box, where mustard light festered behind a wire-meshed window.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

† mustard-box n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1687 London Gaz. No. 2296/4 A Sugar Box, a Pepper Box, and a Mustard Box without mark.

1843 ‘R. Carlton’ New Purchase I. xv. 111 On some shelves,..plates, knives, fiddle, pepper-box, flute, mustard-box, [etc.].

† mustard-breaker n. Obsolete rare

ΚΠ

1410 Will of Laurence Durem (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/2A) f. 162^v Mustard brekers.

mustard flour n.

ΚΠ

1846 Amer. Whig Rev. 4 201 (table) Mustard flour, the cwt...6s. 0d.

1884 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 113/1 The mustard papers commonly used as rubefacients and vesicants are made from mustard flour entirely deprived of its fixed oil.

1996 R. Mabey Flora Britannica 154/2 The seeds of cultivated varieties are ground to make mustard flour.

mustard-maker n. [earliest attested as a surname]

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > seasoning > [noun] > maker of mustard

mustard-maker1303

1303 in Nottingham Borough Court Rolls (Notts. Archives MS CA 1251a) Daniel le Mustardmaker.

1533 T. More Debellacyon Salem & Bizance i. i. f. xiiii A mustarde [1557 musterde] maker in Cambrydge.

1870 Boyd's Business Directory N.Y. State 710 Gavenesch Joseph, mustard maker.

1988 Intelligencer (Doylestown, Pa.) 27 Apr. e5/2 Mustard makers combine seeds to get the flavor they want.

mustard powder n.

ΚΠ

1869 Littell's Living Age 101 627 Rigollot's mustard leaves..are apparently nothing else than strong mustard powder spread on paper.

1989 R. Moon Delicatessen (BNC) 31 It [sc. vinaigrette] can be varied by the addition of freshly chopped herbs, mustard powder, lemon juice or garlic.

† mustard quern n. Obsolete

ΚΠ

1356 in H. T. Riley Memorials London (1868) 284 Mustarde quernes.

1410–12 in N. H. Nicolas Hist. Royal Navy (1847) II. 475 Un petit batell foible appelle la cokke, ii. peires susters, iii. boltes de fer p^r trussyng, une mustardquerne.

1481 Petty Customs Acct. in H. S. Cobb Overseas Trade of London (1990) 183 [2½ lasts] mustarde quernes.

1558 in E. Roberts & K. Parker Southampton Probate Inventories, 1447–1575 (1992) I. 96 A mustard queren and a morter of stone, xxd.

1632 in G. R. Batho Househ. Papers H. Percy (1962) 124 A paire of muster quernes.

1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana i. iii. 149/2 Let them be ground in a Mustard-Quern.

1711 E. Freke Diary 18 Oct. in Jrnl. Cork Hist. & Archaeol. Soc. (1912) 18 209 1 paire of Mustard Quarnes.

mustard spoon n.

ΚΠ

1777 N.-Y. Gaz. & Weekly Mercury 6 Jan. 4/3 (advt.) Ivory and horn combs,..Marrow and mustard spoons.

1825 W. Wheeler Let. 21 Oct. (1951) 252 The papa stood with the silver cup in one hand and a small silver spoon resembling a mustard spoon in the other.

1989 Miller's Collectables Price Guide 1989–90 367/1–2 A pair of silver plated mustard spoons.

mustard spoonful n.

ΚΠ

1890 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 195 About a mustard spoonful of dry pyro.

mustard-coloured adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [adjective] > brownish yellow

ochry1567

olive-coloured1612

sand-coloured1627

shammy1661

buff-coloured1686

pea soup1703

ochreish1747

ochreous1761

buff1765

ochraceous1776

buff-colour1796

buffish1802

mustard-coloured1825

nankeen1838

buffy1842

ochre-coloured1845

mustardy1850

ochrous1877

buff-yellow1882

buff-washed1883

mustard1919

Sahara1923

wheaten1975

1825 M. J. Jewsbury Phantasmagoria I. 30 ‘Views of the Lakes’ that dazzle your eyes with stone blue mountains, and mustard coloured sunsets.

1910 Blackwood's Mag. Jan. 113/1 In the dreadful mustard-coloured uniform and pork-pie cap which the Government has ordained for these unusually fat servants.

2002 A. Swaffer et al. Austral. Handbk. 531 The mustard-coloured, art-deco Cott[esloe] has an ocean-facing balcony.

mustard-keen adj.

ΚΠ

1935 G. Heyer Death in Stocks iii. 29 I'd had a letter from Arnold, and they were instantly mustard-keen to see it.

1983 Listener 3 Nov. 16/3 Tony Wilson..is mustard-keen on the importance of the region.

C2.

mustard ball n. †(a) mustard shaped into a small ball (obsolete); (b) English regional a lead ball used to crush mustard seeds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > additive > spice > [noun] > mustard seed > mustard ball

mustard ball1645

1645–6 in D. G. Vaisey Probate Inventories Lichfield & District 1568–1680 64 A muster ball.

1679 T. Oates True Narr. Horrid Plot 48 The Deponent saith, that by Tewxbury Mustard-balls, we are to understand, Fire-balls.

1739 in M. Bodfish Probate Inventories Smethwick Residents 1647–1747 (1992) 85 One Iron morter & pestill & mustard ball.

1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield 154 Mustard-ball, a leaden ball used in making sauce from sorrel and in bruising mustard seeds, &c.

mustard beetle n. either of two blue leaf beetles, Phaedon cochleariae and P. armoraciae, which are destructive to mustard and other plants of the family Brassicaceae ( Cruciferae).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Phytophaga or Chrysomeloidea > family Chrysomelidae > mustard beetle

black jack1883

mustard beetle1886

1886 Standard 24 May 2/1 The mustard beetle (Phædon betulæ), commonly known as the Black Jack.

1959 E. F. Linssen Beetles Brit. Isles II. 157 The genus [Phaedon] comprises destructive beetles, such as the Mustard Beetle, which is particularly destructive to mustard grown for seed.

1992 Jrnl. Appl. Entomol. 114 510 The performance of the mustard beetle..treated orally and topically with a range of foliar fungicides was assessed.

mustard-bowl n. now historical a wooden bowl in which mustard seeds are pounded, used proverbially with reference to its use as an instrument for producing stage thunder.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > table-vessels > dish or plate > cup, bowl, or basin > other types of cup, bowl, or basin

custard cup1670

mustard-bowl1674

rice bowl1828

tou1899

society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > theatrical equipment or accessories > [noun] > machinery for effects > for thunder

mustard-bowl1674

thunder-trunk1767

thunder-drum1807

thundering-machine1826

bronteon1849

crash1891

thunder-sheet1913

thunder run1944

1674 T. Duffett Empress of Morocco Epilogue 30 Thunder and lightning is dicover'd, not behind Painted Tiffany..but openly, by..way of Mustard bowl, and Salt-Peter.

1709 Tatler No. 42. 13 A Mustard-Bowl to make Thunder with.

1728 A. Pope Dunciad ii. 206 'Tis yours to shake the soul With Thunder rumbling from the mustard-bowl.

1976–7 18th-cent. Stud. 10 219 Gaudy hangings are waved about and jerked down, mustard-bowl thunder is heard.

mustard bush n. Australian any of several Australian plants; esp. an almost leafless shrub, Apophyllum anomulum (family Capparaceae), with fragrant yellow flowers and shoots that taste like mustard.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > Australasian trees > [noun] > other Australasian trees or shrubs

burrawang1826

water gum1826

kaikomako1832

karaka1834

kawa-kawa1838

peppermint1838

bottle tree1844

ngaio1849

Grevillea1853

red birch1853

wooden pear1860

muskwood1866

sugar-tree1866

tulip-tree1866

hop-bush1883

mock orange1884

mountain beech1884

sage tree1884

tile-seed1884

mutton-bird scrub1889

red birch1889

silver-tree1889

whalebone-tree1889

budda1890

camphor laurel1894

pepperbush1895

mustard bush1898

willow myrtle1898

pigeon wood1899

horizontal scrub1909

turkey-bush1911

pandani1923

mock orange1929

1898 D. W. Carnegie Spinifex & Sand 179 Little clumps of what is locally termed ‘mustard bush’, so named from the strong flavour of the leaf.

1933 Bulletin (Sydney) 7 June 25/2 Another hardy northwesterner is the mustard bush. It is of dwarf habit, with a dense growth of leaves relished by sheep.

1965 Austral. Encycl. II. 263/1 The mustard-bush or mustard-tree (Apophyllum anomalum).

1980 Verbatim Spring 6/1 Desert scenes of..dusty mustard bushes sprinkled about with brilliant yellow flowers beneath the clear, blue April sky.

† mustard cloth n. Obsolete a cloth coated with mustard powder and used as a mustard plaster.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for treating wound or ulcer > [noun] > poultice, plaster, or compress

plasterOE

clydec1325

emplastera1382

entretea1400

pottagea1400

poulticea1400

faldellac1400

treatc1400

Gratia Dei?a1425

magdaleon?a1425

strictorya1425

grace of Godc1450

emplastrum?1541

malagma?1541

sparadrap1543

spasmadrap?a1547

plasture?1550

mustard plaster1562

cataplasm1563

oint-plaster1578

quilt1583

compress1599

compression1599

diachylum-plaster1599

pulment1599

pulvinar1599

frontlet1600

sinapism1601

epithemation1615

diapalma1646

opodeldoc1646

attraction1656

treacle plaster1659

melilot emplaster1676

stay1676

oxycroceum1696

melilot plaster1712

adhesive1753

bag1753

mustard poultice1765

soap plaster1789

water dressing1830

poor man's plaster1833

compressor1851

spongiopiline1851

vinegar-poultice1854

water-strapping1854

pitch-plaster1858

jacket poultice1862

mustard leaf1869

mustard paper1874

piline1874

plaster-mull1890

mustard cloth1897

plaster-muslin1899

antiphlogistin1901

1897 Trans. Amer. Pediatric Soc. 9 101 He applied warm mustard cloths to the body and extremities.

mustard greens n. chiefly U.S. the leaves of mustard plants (chiefly varieties of Brassica juncea), used as a cooked vegetable.

ΚΠ

1932 A. L. Winton et al. Struct. & Composition Foods II. 242 In the table below, the average of three analyses..is of mustard greens, grown in Georgia, presumably from B. japonica.

1942 Marketing of Greens 45 In New York City, the equivalent of 308 carloads of mustard greens was received in 1939.

1957 S. Bellow in Holiday Sept. 104/2 The stores sell fat back, collard greens, mustard greens, and black-eyed peas.

1991 Amer. Horticulturist Nov. 15/1 Chinese mustard greens (Brassica juncea) are delicious greens with a less pungent taste than most American mustard greens.

† mustard leaf n. Obsolete = mustard paper n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for treating wound or ulcer > [noun] > poultice, plaster, or compress

plasterOE

clydec1325

emplastera1382

entretea1400

pottagea1400

poulticea1400

faldellac1400

treatc1400

Gratia Dei?a1425

magdaleon?a1425

strictorya1425

grace of Godc1450

emplastrum?1541

malagma?1541

sparadrap1543

spasmadrap?a1547

plasture?1550

mustard plaster1562

cataplasm1563

oint-plaster1578

quilt1583

compress1599

compression1599

diachylum-plaster1599

pulment1599

pulvinar1599

frontlet1600

sinapism1601

epithemation1615

diapalma1646

opodeldoc1646

attraction1656

treacle plaster1659

melilot emplaster1676

stay1676

oxycroceum1696

melilot plaster1712

adhesive1753

bag1753

mustard poultice1765

soap plaster1789

water dressing1830

poor man's plaster1833

compressor1851

spongiopiline1851

vinegar-poultice1854

water-strapping1854

pitch-plaster1858

jacket poultice1862

mustard leaf1869

mustard paper1874

piline1874

plaster-mull1890

mustard cloth1897

plaster-muslin1899

antiphlogistin1901

1869 Littell's Living Age 101 627 Rigollot's mustard leaves, says the Medical Press and Circular, are apparently nothing else than strong mustard powder spread on paper.

1900 E. C. E. Lückes Gen. Nursing (ed. 2) x. 129 Mustard leaves that are procured from a chemist are nearly always used now in preference to plasters.

† mustard mill n. [compare post-classical Latin mola pro mustardo (1314 in a British source); compare also Middle French moulin a moustarde (late 14th cent.; French moulin à moutarde)] Obsolete a mill for grinding mustard seeds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > grinder > for spices

pepper-quernOE

mustard stone1481

spice mortar1560

mustard mill1588

pepper mill1631

pepper grinder1859

spice mill1862

1588 in Great Reclothing of Rural Eng. (1984) App. 175 A mustard myll 1s 8d.

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Macinella, a little mustard mill for a kitchin.

1609 Euerie Woman in her Humor sig. B2 I had as leef haue heard the grinding of a Mustard Mill.

1673 in G. F. Dow Probate Rec. Essex County, Mass. (1917) II. 372 One Mustard Mill, 2s 6d.

1789 Suffolk Inventory in Notes & Queries (1947) 18 Oct. 449/2 A mustard mill, frying pan.

mustard oil n. a volatile oil obtained from crushed seeds of black mustard, used medicinally as a counterirritant; (Chemistry) allyl isothiocyanate, the chief component of this oil, or a structurally related compound.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils

oil de baya1398

oil roseta1400

alkitranc1400

laurinec1400

oil of spicac1400

seed oil1400

rape oil1420

nut-oil?c1425

masticine?1440

oil de rose?1440

oil of myrtine?a1450

gingellya1544

rose oil1552

alchitrean1562

oil of spike1577

oil of ben1594

myrtle oil1601

sesamus1601

sampsuchine1616

oil of walnuts1622

rape1641

oil of rhodium1649

rapeseed oil1652

neroli1676

oil of mace1681

spirit of scurvy-grass1682

beech-oil1716

poppy oil1737

castor oil1746

oil of sassafras1753

orange-peel oil1757

wood-oil1759

bergamot1766

sunflower oil1768

Russia oil1773

oil castor1779

tung-yu1788

poppy-seed oil1799

cocoa butter1801

sassafras oil1801

phulwara1805

oil of wine1807

grass oil1827

oil of marjoram1829

cajuput oil1832

essence of mustarda1834

picamar1835

spurge oil1836

oenanthic ether1837

tea oil1837

capnomor1838

cinnamon-oil1838

oil of mustard1838

orange-flower oil1838

resinein1841

mustard oil1844

myrrhol1845

styrol1845

oenanthol1847

shea butter1847

wintergreen1847

gaultheria oil1848

ginger-grass oil.1849

nutmeg oil1849

pine oil1849

peppermint oil1850

cocoa fat1851

orange oil1853

neem oil1856

poonga oil1857

xanthoxylene1857

crab-oil1858

illupi oil1858

Shanghai oil1861

stand oil1862

mustard-seed oil1863

carap oilc1865

cocum butter or oilc1865

Kurung oil1866

muduga oil1866

pichurim oil1866

serpolet1866

sumbul oil1868

sesame oil1870

niger oil1872

summer yellow1872

olibene1873

patchouli oil1875

pilocarpene1876

styrolene1881

tung oil1881

becuiba tallow1884

soy oil1884

tea-seed oil1884

eucalyptus1885

sage oil1888

hop-oil1889

cotton-seed oil1891

lemon oil1896

palmarosa oil1897

illipe butter1904

hydnocarpus oil1905

tung1911

niger seed oil1917

sun oil1937

vanaspati1949

fennel oil-

1844 G. Fownes Man. Elem. Chem. 500 Mustard-oil.

1888 Sat. Rev. 11 Aug. 174 And what is a fish or a vegetable curry without mustard-oil?

1907 A. J. Walker & O. E. Mott tr. A. F. Holleman Text-bk. Org. Chem. (ed. 2) I. 323 The isothiocyanic esters are also called mustard-oils after allyl isothiocyanate, to which the odour and taste of mustard-seeds are due.

1996 Guardian 4 Dec. ii. 17/2 Mustard oil is a very effective mosquito repellent when applied to exposed skin.

† mustard paper n. Obsolete paper coated with mustard powder and used as a mustard plaster.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for treating wound or ulcer > [noun] > poultice, plaster, or compress

plasterOE

clydec1325

emplastera1382

entretea1400

pottagea1400

poulticea1400

faldellac1400

treatc1400

Gratia Dei?a1425

magdaleon?a1425

strictorya1425

grace of Godc1450

emplastrum?1541

malagma?1541

sparadrap1543

spasmadrap?a1547

plasture?1550

mustard plaster1562

cataplasm1563

oint-plaster1578

quilt1583

compress1599

compression1599

diachylum-plaster1599

pulment1599

pulvinar1599

frontlet1600

sinapism1601

epithemation1615

diapalma1646

opodeldoc1646

attraction1656

treacle plaster1659

melilot emplaster1676

stay1676

oxycroceum1696

melilot plaster1712

adhesive1753

bag1753

mustard poultice1765

soap plaster1789

water dressing1830

poor man's plaster1833

compressor1851

spongiopiline1851

vinegar-poultice1854

water-strapping1854

pitch-plaster1858

jacket poultice1862

mustard leaf1869

mustard paper1874

piline1874

plaster-mull1890

mustard cloth1897

plaster-muslin1899

antiphlogistin1901

1874 A. B. Garrod & E. B. Baxter Essentials Materia Medica (ed. 4) 209 Mustard Paper.

mustard shrub n. a pungent tropical American shrub, Capparis cynophallophora (family Capparaceae).

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > thorny berry-bush > [noun] > caper and allies

capera1382

dog bramble1567

dog's apple1567

mustard shrub1756

rat-bean1879

caper-plant1882

1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. ii. 247 The Mustard Shrub... This plant is..strongly impregnated with an acrid volatile salt, like most of the mustard tribe, among whom it ought to be placed.

1914 W. Fawcett & A. B. Rendle Flora Jamaica III. 233 Mustard shrub... The plant has a pungent smell and taste, whence the common name.

† mustard stone n. Scottish Obsolete a stone on or with which to pound mustard seeds.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > grinder > for spices

pepper-quernOE

mustard stone1481

spice mortar1560

mustard mill1588

pepper mill1631

pepper grinder1859

spice mill1862

1481 Petty Customs Acct. in H. S. Cobb Overseas Trade of London (1990) (modernized text) 70 From the ship of Thomas Titmer... 48 millstones, 6 mustard stones, £26 13s. 4d.

1568 (a1500) Freiris Berwik 532 in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1930) IV. 276 He wes sa ferce he fell owttour þe sek And brak his heid vpoun ane mustard stane.

1635 Edinb. Test. LVII. f. 225, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Mustard-stane Ane mustard stone price thairof xxiiij s.

† mustard-token n. Obsolete a token issued and redeemed by a mustard seller in lieu of small change; also used as a term of contempt connoting worthlessness.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > condition of being held in contempt > [noun] > state or quality of being contemptible > contemptible person

wormc825

wretchOE

thingOE

hinderlingc1175

harlot?c1225

mixa1300

villain1303

whelpc1330

wonnera1340

bismera1400

vilec1400

beasta1425

creaturec1450

dog bolt1465

fouling?a1475

drivel1478

shit1508

marmoset1523

mammeta1529

pilgarlica1529

pode1528

slave1537

slim1548

skit-brains?1553

grasshopper1556

scavenger1563

old boss1566

rag1566

shrub1566

ketterela1572

shake-rag1571

skybala1572

mumpsimus1573

smatchetc1582

squib1586

scabship1589

vassal1589

baboon1592

Gibraltar1593

polecat1593

mushroom1594

nodc1595

cittern-head1598

nit1598

stockfish1598

cum-twang1599

dish-wash1599

pettitoe1599

mustard-token1600

viliaco1600

cargo1602

stump1602

snotty-nose1604

sprat1605

wormling1605

brock1607

dogfly?1611

shag-rag1611

shack-rag1612

thrum1612

rabbita1616

fitchock1616

unworthy1616

baseling1618

shag1620

glow-worm1624

snip1633

the son of a worm1633

grousea1637

shab1637

wormship1648

muckworm1649

whiffler1659

prig1679

rotten egg1686

prigster1688

begged fool1693

hang-dog1693

bugger1694

reptile1697

squinny1716

snool1718

ramscallion1734

footer1748

jackass1756

hallion1789

skite1790

rattlesnake1791

snot1809

mudworm1814

skunk1816

stirrah1816

spalpeen1817

nyaff1825

skin1825

weed1825

tiger1827

beggar1834

despicability1837

squirt1844

prawn1845

shake1846

white mouse1846

scurf1851

sweep1853

cockroach1856

bummer1857

medlar1859

cunt1860

shuck1862

missing link1863

schweinhund1871

creepa1876

bum1882

trashbag1886

tinhorn1887

snot-rag1888

rodent1889

whelpling1889

pie eatera1891

mess1891

schmuck1892

fucker1893

cheapskate1894

cocksucker1894

gutter-bird1896

perisher1896

skate1896

schmendrick1897

nyamps1900

ullage1901

fink1903

onion1904

punk1904

shitepoke1905

tinhorn sport1906

streeler1907

zob1911

stink1916

motherfucker1918

Oscar1918

shitass1918

shit-face1923

tripe-hound1923

gimp1924

garbage can1925

twerp1925

jughead1926

mong1926

fuck?1927

arsehole1928

dirty dog1928

gazook1928

muzzler1928

roach1929

shite1929

mook1930

lug1931

slug1931

woodchuck1931

crud1932

dip1932

bohunkus1933

lint-head1933

Nimrod1933

warb1933

fuck-piga1935

owl-hoot1934

pissant1935

poot1935

shmegegge1937

motheree1938

motorcycle1938

squiff1939

pendejo1940

snotnose1941

jerkface1942

slag1943

yuck1943

fuckface?1945

fuckhead?1945

shit-head1945

shite-hawk1948

schlub1950

asswipe1953

mother1955

weenie1956

hard-on1958

rass hole1959

schmucko1959

bitch ass1961

effer1961

lamer1961

arsewipe1962

asshole1962

butthole1962

cock1962

dipshit1963

motherfuck1964

dork1965

bumhole1967

mofo1967

tosspot1967

crudball1968

dipstick1968

douche1968

frickface1968

schlong1968

fuckwit1969

rassclaat1969

ass1970

wank1970

fecker1971

wanker1971

butt-fucker1972

slimeball1972

bloodclaat1973

fuckwad1974

mutha1974

suck1974

cocksuck1977

tosser1977

plank1981

sleazebag1981

spastic1981

dweeb1982

bumboclaat1983

dickwad1983

scuzzbag1983

sleazeball1983

butt-face1984

dickweed1984

saddie1985

butt plug1986

jerkweed1988

dick-sucker1989

microcephalic1989

wankstain1990

sadster1992

buttmunch1993

fanny1995

jackhole1996

fassyhole1997

fannybaws2000

fassy2002

society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > discount > [noun] > tokens or stamps

mustard-token1600

trading stamp1896

stamp1933

1600 T. Dekker Shomakers Holiday sig. B4^v Peace you crackt groates, you mustard tokens, disquiet not the braue souldier.

1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir ii. sig. F Ile rather part from the fat of them, then from a mustard-tokens worth of Argent.

† mustard vomit n. Obsolete an emetic containing mustard.

ΚΠ

1737 A. Monro in Med. Ess. Edinb. (ed. 2) II. 303 Her Disease seemed..at last to be almost cured by the Use of Mustard Vomits.

1786 J. Woodforde Diary 16 Aug. (1926) II. 263 She took a mustard Vomit this Evening and Rhubarb after.

mustard weevil n. a weevil of the genus Ceutorhynchus, destructive to the white mustard plant.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Curculionoidea or Rhyncophora > family Curculionidae or genus Curculio > ceutorhyncus contractus (mustard weevil)

mustard weevil1893

1893 Times 5 June 8/2 Miss E. A. Ormerod issues a note of warning that we are likely to have this year a widespread attack of the mustard weevil.

1984 Ecology 65 1380 A mustard weevil, Ceutorhynchus pusio (Curculionidae).

† mustard whey n. Obsolete a medicinal preparation consisting of the liquid obtained by boiling mustard seeds in a mixture of milk and water.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > drink > milk drinks > [noun]

rice milk1620

whig1684

leban1695

saloop1728

sack-whey1736

celery whey1761

mustard whey1769

wine whey1769

Scotch chocolate1785

whey-whig1811

chocolate milk1819

horchata1859

tamarind-whey1883

milk shake1886

Horlick1891

lassi1894

Ovaltine1906

shake1909

malt1942

malted1945

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > general plant-derived medicines

savineOE

liquoricec1275

verjuice1302

sandragon1334

sugar roset1363

acaciaa1398

agnus castusa1398

sebestenc1400

socotrine aloesa1425

tapsimelc1425

valencec1425

aconitum?a1450

hypericum1471

cassia1543

guaiacum1553

guaiac1558

butcher's broom1578

solanum1578

liquorice-stick1580

symphonia1597

tabasheer1598

diascord1605

orange-bead1626

oxymel of squills1654

Japonic earth1673

terebinthina1693

terebinthinate1696

pareira brava1698

rhabarbarate1716

Japan earth1718

buglossate1725

squill1725

phytolacca1730

nettle juice1747

xanthoxyloïn1767

mustard whey1769

Jesuits' drops1783

digitalis1785

arnica1788

mel-rose1790

gallic acid1791

valerian1794

sacred elixir1797

drosera1801

Spanish juice1803

mudar1819

sabadilla1821

parillin1825

mudarin1829

salicin1830

sang1843

peppermint camphor1854

pareira1855

savanilla1856

euonymin1862

menthol1862

phytolaccin1864

alstonia1868

agoniadin1870

guimauve1870

gelsemium1875

iridin1879

hazeline1880

tub-camphor1880

echinacea1887

jacaranda1887

hamamelin1890

quillain1890

vieirin1893

thiolin1894

mentha camphor1902

hamamelis1910

phytohaemagglutinin1949

adaptogen1966

the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > medicinal potion or draught > [noun] > specific

barley waterc1320

metheglinc1450

wood-drink1611

nectarine1628

nectar1684

mechoacan-ale1696

clary-wine1727

celery whey1761

mustard whey1769

tar-beer1857

treacle-posset1876

1769 W. Buchan Domest. Med. ii. 227 Mustard whey..is made by tying in a linen rag a table-spoonful of common mustard bruised, and boiling it a little in half an English pint of water, with an equal quantity of milk.

1780 G. W. Beekman Let. 22 Nov. in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) III. 1379 I am a Going to Take the Musterd Way for my Rughmattick Pains.

1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 11 A glass of mustard whey, at times, is a good nutritive irritant.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	mustard
释义	mustardn.adj. Brit. /ˈmʌstəd/, U.S. /ˈməstərd/ Forms: Middle English mostar- (in compounds), Middle English mostard, Middle English mostarde, Middle English murstard, Middle English mustart, Middle English–1500s mustarde, Middle English–1700s (1800s– English regional) musterd, Middle English– mustard, 1500s mudsterd, 1500s mustar- (in compounds), 1500s musterde, 1500s mvster- (in compounds), 1600s muster- (in compounds); Scottish pre-1700 mostert, pre-1700 moustard, pre-1700 mowstard, pre-1700 mustar, pre-1700 muster, pre-1700 mustert, pre-1700 mwstard, pre-1700 1700s– mustard, pre-1700 1800s– mustart, 1900s– mustarte. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French mustarde, mostarde. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman mustarde, mustard, mostart, moustard and Old French mostarde, moustarde condiment prepared with crushed mustard grains (c1223–78; 1269 in sense ‘mustard plant’; French moutarde ) < most , must must n.¹ + -ard -ard suffix, so called because the condiment was originally prepared by making the ground seeds into a paste with must. Compare Old Occitan mostarda (1350), Italian mostarda (14th cent.), Spanish mostaza (c1400), Portuguese mostarda (1416), Catalan mostalla. Compare also post-classical Latin mustardum (frequently in British sources from mid 13th to early 14th centuries).Apparently attested earlier in surnames, from the late 12th cent., as Adam Mustard (1190), Robert Mustard (1256), Jordanus Mustard (1278). Compare ( < French) Middle Dutch mostard, mostaert (Dutch mosterd), Middle Low German mostart, mostert, mustart, mustert, Middle High German mostert, mustart (German regional (northern) Mostert, Mostrich). A. n. 1. a. Powder made from the crushed seeds of certain plants of the family Brassicaceae ( Cruciferae), used in cookery for its pungency (see sense A. 2a) (formerly also †flour of mustard). Also: a paste made from this powder mixed with water, vinegar, etc., used as a pungent condiment and (formerly) in making poultices or plasters. oil of mustard n. a fixed oil obtained from pressed mustard seeds. essence of mustard n. (a) = mustard oil n. at Compounds 2; (b) (the commercial name of) a medicinal embrocation containing mustard. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > spice > [noun] > mustard seed > ground or paste mustard1289 French mustard1595 Durham Mustard1799 Dijon1820 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils oil de baya1398 oil roseta1400 alkitranc1400 laurinec1400 oil of spicac1400 seed oil1400 rape oil1420 nut-oil?c1425 masticine?1440 oil de rose?1440 oil of myrtine?a1450 gingellya1544 rose oil1552 alchitrean1562 oil of spike1577 oil of ben1594 myrtle oil1601 sesamus1601 sampsuchine1616 oil of walnuts1622 rape1641 oil of rhodium1649 rapeseed oil1652 neroli1676 oil of mace1681 spirit of scurvy-grass1682 beech-oil1716 poppy oil1737 castor oil1746 oil of sassafras1753 orange-peel oil1757 wood-oil1759 bergamot1766 sunflower oil1768 Russia oil1773 oil castor1779 tung-yu1788 poppy-seed oil1799 cocoa butter1801 sassafras oil1801 phulwara1805 oil of wine1807 grass oil1827 oil of marjoram1829 cajuput oil1832 essence of mustarda1834 picamar1835 spurge oil1836 oenanthic ether1837 tea oil1837 capnomor1838 cinnamon-oil1838 oil of mustard1838 orange-flower oil1838 resinein1841 mustard oil1844 myrrhol1845 styrol1845 oenanthol1847 shea butter1847 wintergreen1847 gaultheria oil1848 ginger-grass oil.1849 nutmeg oil1849 pine oil1849 peppermint oil1850 cocoa fat1851 orange oil1853 neem oil1856 poonga oil1857 xanthoxylene1857 crab-oil1858 illupi oil1858 Shanghai oil1861 stand oil1862 mustard-seed oil1863 carap oilc1865 cocum butter or oilc1865 Kurung oil1866 muduga oil1866 pichurim oil1866 serpolet1866 sumbul oil1868 sesame oil1870 niger oil1872 summer yellow1872 olibene1873 patchouli oil1875 pilocarpene1876 styrolene1881 tung oil1881 becuiba tallow1884 soy oil1884 tea-seed oil1884 eucalyptus1885 sage oil1888 hop-oil1889 cotton-seed oil1891 lemon oil1896 palmarosa oil1897 illipe butter1904 hydnocarpus oil1905 tung1911 niger seed oil1917 sun oil1937 vanaspati1949 fennel oil- the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > ointments, etc. > [noun] > liniment > other liniments essence of mustarda1834 carron oil1884 1289 in J. Webb Househ. Expenses R. de Swinfield (1853) 10 (MED) In mostard, iiij d. ?a1300 Dame Sirith 280 in G. H. McKnight Middle Eng. Humorous Tales (1913) 13 Pepir nou shalt þou eten; þis mustart shal ben þi mete. c1390 (c1300) MS Vernon Homilies in Archiv f. das Studium der Neueren Sprachen (1877) 57 308 Summe smered hire Mouþ..wiþ grounden Mustard. a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 164 Furst set forthe mustard, & brawne of boore. 1532 T. More Confut. Tyndale in Wks. 582/1 And now when hys argument is all made vp, ye shal find it as full of reason as an egge full of mustarde. 1582 R. Madox Diary 21 May in E. S. Donno Elizabethan in 1582 (1976) 136 He that telleth the fyrst lye on a Monday must se mustard made and the ship swept al the week after. 1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. ii. 156 Some think their conceits, like mustard, not good except they bite. 1786 J. Abercrombie Gardeners Daily Assistant 75 Flour of mustard. a1834 S. T. Coleridge in Sir H. Davy's Rem. (1858) 80 I..having seen in an advertisement something about essence of mustard curing the most obstinate cases of rheumatism. 1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 439 Oil of Mustard..is expressed from the seeds of the sinapis alba and nigra. 1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 902 (note) The mustard of the shops is said to be often mixed with wheat flour and cayenne pepper to heighten the flavour. 1867 C. L. Bloxam Chemistry 479 The essence of mustard and that of horseradish are composed of C₈H₅NS₂. 1903 Daily Chron. 16 Jan. 5/1 With cayenne and mustard (to give their food the missing ‘kick’). 1925 Woman's World (Chicago) Apr. 62/2 (advt.) Ward off your colds with Musterole before pneumonia starts. Musterole is a clean, white ointment made with oil of mustard. 1987 Z. Tomin Coast of Bohemia v. 199 I thought I caught a whiff of hot grease, smoked meat and mustard. 1989 Martindale's Extra Pharmacopoeia (ed. 29) 1064/3 Volatile Mustard Oil... Essence of Mustard. b. With prefixed place name or a derived adjective, indicating a variety of this condiment made in or associated with a particular place.For established compounds, as Dijon, Durham, English, French mustard, etc., see the first element. ΚΠ a1425 (a1399) Forme of Cury (BL Add.) 103 in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 121 (MED) Take wyne greke and hony clarified togider, lumbarde mustard, & raisouns corance al hool. 1596 T. Nashe Haue with you to Saffron-Walden sig. D4^v A messe of Tewksbury mustard. 1599 Househ. Bks. James VI 23 Sept. (Transcr. MS Reg. H) Fyue vnce dredgie and Frensche mustart. 1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 ii. iv. 243 His wit's as thicke as Tewksbury mustard . View more context for this quotation 1648 J. Bobart Catalogus Plantarum Horti Medici Oxoniensis 6 Arabis quorundam impropr è à nonnullis pro solidagine sarasenica accip. Arabian Mustard. a1706 J. Evelyn Direct. for Gardiner (1932) 93 Add as much of grated Tewskbury mustard as will cover halfe a crown. 1790 W. Dyde Hist. & Tewkesbury ii. 5 He looks as if he lived on Tewkesbury mustard. 1834 J. R. McCulloch Dict. Commerce (ed. 2) 810 Mustard..was formerly extensively cultivated in Durham, but it is now seldom seen in that county. At present it is principally raised in the neighbourhood of York,..and..is afterwards sold under the name of Durham mustard. 1842 Penny Cycl. XXII. 36/2 French mustard for the table is often prepared with vinegar. 1851 London at Table i. 18 The accessories being salad, beetroot, vegetables, French and English mustard. 1925 J. Dos Passos Manhattan Transfer i. iv. 81 Why don't you try a little French mustard on it? It'll make it taste better. 1984 Observer Guide Food from Brit. iv. 62/2 Tewkesbury mustard..is sold by many delicatessens. 1994 Chile Pepper Dec. 31/1 Creole mustard. A robust, coarse brown mustard, often with whole mustard seeds. †c. In extended use: a substance resembling mustard in appearance. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1582 J. Hester tr. L. Fioravanti Compend. Rationall Secretes iii. lxx. 96 Take this hearbe [sc. Millefoile]..and put thervnto Bedellium, Frankensence, and common oile, and make thereof as it were a Mustarde. d. The dark brownish yellow colour of mustard. Also mustard yellow. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [noun] > brownish yellow fallowa1425 ochre1440 Minozin1680 fulvidness1685 satinwood1773 buff1788 nankeen1794 mountain yellow1801 chamois1872 mustard1884 oliveness1890 Sahara1923 1851 H. D. Richardson Dog 81 The dog celebrated by Sir Walter Scott as the Pepper and Mustard, or Dandie Dinmont breed.] 1851 Harper's Mag. Aug. 376 He heightens his hideousness by encircling his eyes with bands of white paint; daubing his cheeks a rich mustard yellow. 1884 in W. Forrester Great-Grandmama's Weekly (1980) v. 88/2 A large range of colour..nankeen, maize, mustard. 1904 Daily Chron. 30 Mar. 8/2 A certain shade of mustard-yellow. 1923 Daily Mail 17 Apr. 7 (advt.) In shades of Jade, Mustard, Cherry, Nigger or Grey. 1951 E. Paul Springtime in Paris (U.K. ed.) ii. 33 Most of the young coloured men, yellow, brown, snuff, mustard or ginger in hue, had white girls with them. 1971 Vogue 15 Sept. 129/2 Coats..colours: orange, mustard, brick, royal. 1974 H. McCloy Sleepwalker ii. 16 A mind-blowing mustard yellow for the woodwork. 2. a. Any of the yellow-flowered annual plants of the family Brassicaceae ( Cruciferae) whose seeds are used to make the condiment mustard; spec. (a) (in full black mustard) Brassica nigra, a tall European plant with dark brown seeds (now largely replaced commercially by brown mustard); (b) (in full white mustard) Sinapis alba, a somewhat hairy plant with yellowish seeds, originally native to the Mediterranean region, also used as seedlings in ‘mustard and cress’ (see sense A. 2c); (c) (in full brown mustard or Indian mustard) Brassica juncea, native to southern and eastern Asia, which has large pods containing brown seeds. Formerly called senvy.field, wild mustard, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > medicinal and culinary plants > medicinal and culinary plant or part of plant > [noun] > mustard plant senvya1300 mustard1340 mustard seed?1523 field senvy1597 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > medicinal and culinary plants > medicinal and culinary plant or part of plant > [noun] > mustard plant > brown or white mustard plant or seed black mustard1340 white mustard1731 brown mustard1875 the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Cruciferae (crucifers) > [noun] > brassica plants wortc1325 colewortc1380 Arabian mustard1640 Indian mustard1731 aethionema1812 brassica1832 popweed1887 1340 Ayenbite (1866) 143 (MED) Þet zed o mostard is wel smal, ac hit is wel strang and wel bitinde. ?a1425 (?1373) Lelamour Herbal (1938) f. 87^v (MED) White pepir ys hote and dry, and his levis ben like mostarde, but þay ben slyttid. Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 349 Mustard [v.r. mustard syd], or warlok, or sevyne, herbe, sinapis. c1450 Med. Recipes (BL Add. 33996) in F. Heinrich Mittelengl. Medizinbuch (1896) 217 (MED) Loke þat þou haue redy greeter mustard & sawge leues, & stampe hyt. 1571 P. Peña & M. de L'Obel Stirpium Adversaria 67 Sinapi sativvm Erucæ, aut Rapifolium... Ang. Mudsterd, Senbeye. 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 190 Sinapi syluestre. Wilde Mustard. 1691 J. Ray Wisdom of God 222 As for the Mustard that sprung up in the Isle of Ely,..yet might it have been brought down in the Channels by the Floods. 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Sinapi The Species are; 1. Common or Red Mustard. 2. Garden or White Mustard. 3. Indian Mustard, with a Lettuce leaf. 1785 M. Cutler in Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 1 468 Sinapis siliquis glabris tetragonis..Black Mustard. Blossoms pale yellow. Common about barns. 1800 R. Hodgkinson Jrnl. 14 June in Lancashire Gentleman (1992) v. 150 The answer I got was..that the Flower was called Mustard, that it was a weed. 1813 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening (ed. 5) 270 Mustard is much used as a sallad herb..and the white is the garden sort, the black being cultivated in fields for its seeds to make flour of. 1875 Encycl. Brit. I. 384/1 The brown mustard is grown solely for its seeds, which yield the well-known condiment. 1948 G. D. H. Bell Cultivated Plants Farm xiv. 126 Many brassicas are biennals... There are others, like the seed mustards and the coleseeds, which are annuals. 1992 Crop Pests U.K. xxxv. 178/1 Of the spring-sown crops, white mustard (Sinapis alba) is usually less affected [by cabbage stem weevil] than brown mustard (Brassica juncea). b. With distinguishing word: any of various other plants (chiefly of the family Brassicaceae ( Cruciferae)) resembling or thought to resemble the true mustards in appearance, taste, etc.boor's, hedge, tower mustard, etc.: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Cruciferae (crucifers) > [noun] mustard1597 crossworts1861 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 205 Buckler Mustarde... Small buckler Mustarde. 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 206 Grecian Mustard hath many leaues spread vpon the ground, like those of the common Daisie. 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 211 Thornie mustarde groweth vp to the height of fower cubites. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Moustarde sauvage, treacle Mustard, wild Mustard, wild Sene. 1633 T. Johnson Gerard's Herball (new ed.) ii. 266 Round leaued Mustard hath many large leaues laid flat vpon the ground like the leaues of the wilde Cabbage. 1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Thlaspi Mithridate Mustard. 1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) III. 568 Thlaspi anense, Treacle mustard. Penny-cress. 1842 C. W. Johnson Farmer's Encycl. 1177/2 Tower-mustard... The foliage is so disposed on the stems as to give them a pyramidal form, and for the same reason the plants are called tower-mustard. 1848 A. Gray Man. Bot. Northern U.S. 37 Erysimum, L. Treacle Mustard. 1853 G. Johnston Terra Lindisfarnensis I. 35 Sinapis arvensis. Wild Mustard.—Cornfields. 1972 Y. Lovelock Veg. Bk. 72 The other [Chinese cabbage], Baak-choy (B[rassica] chinensis), is also called Chinese mustard, and is noted for its lack of smell when cooking. 1990 Nature Conservancy Sept.–Oct. 27/1 Gray's Woods hosts five plant species imperiled in the state. One of these—Lesquerreux's mustard (Lesquereau globosa)—is also globally endangered. c. mustard and cress n. seedlings of white mustard (sometimes commercially replaced by rape seedlings, Brassica napus) and of cress ( Lepidium sativum) used as a garnish and in salads. Frequently attributive. Also figurative and in figurative contexts.Sometimes grown in pots, baskets, etc., as an ornament. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > leaf vegetables > [noun] > cress cressa700 town cresseOE nasturtiumOE watercressa1400 cresson1657 tongue-grass1726 poor man's pepper1738 mustard and cress1808 fen-cress1818 Para cress1857 1808 R. E. Landor Guy's Porridge Pot ii. 30 (note) I have spoken with great admiration of the Doctor's dress, but others have declared that formerly he could raise mustard and cress upon his hat crown. 1827 W. Hone Table Bk. I. 607 An ingenious contrivance to make mustard and cress seeds grow in pleasant forms over vessels and basketwork. 1831 H. E. Manning Let. 3 Apr. in Life I. 76 Six months of this rustic vegetation, and my cerebellum would put forth mustard and cress. 1858 A. Mayhew Paved with Gold 207 His beard grew with a mustard-and-cress rapidity. 1876 ‘L. Carroll’ Hunting of Snark iii. 27 They roused him with muffins—they roused him with ice—They roused him with mustard and cress. 1902 Westm. Gaz. 24 Dec. 1/3 The little mustard and cress seeds out of the paw-paws. 1974 S. Clapham Greenhouse Bk. xx. 196 All these need a temperature of at least 60°F (16°C) but antirrhinums, sweet peas, lettuce and mustard and cress may be sown now in cooler conditions. 1996 R. Mabey Flora Britannica 154/2 White mustard..from southern Europe, which is quite widely naturalised and is also the mustard of ‘mustard and cress’. 3. a. In figurative context. With negative connotation: something which is too biting, caustic, or strong. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > ill-naturedness > sourness or bitterness of temper > [noun] > sourness or bitterness of speech > quality mustard1546 subacid1838 1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. i. sig. Fiii^v Where hir words seemd hony,..Now are they mustard. 1805 G. Colman in M. R. Booth Eng. Plays of 19th Cent. (1973) III. 86 Give me good words, and I'm as asy as an ould glove; but bite my nose off with mustard, and have at you with pepper. 1832 L. Hunt Sir Ralph Esher I. xi. 233 As if the fighting they were going to have was not mustard enough to their beef. 1972 J. Mosedale Football v. 77 Many complained he put too much mustard on the ball. b. In similative and proverbial phrases, esp. with reference to the heat or pungency of mustard. hot (also strong) as mustard: very powerful or passionate. keen as mustard: very enthusiastic. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > zeal or enthusiasm > [adjective] needfulOE anguishous?c1225 eager?a1300 throc1330 fierce1377 desirousc1386 affectuousa1400 yeverousa1400 inwardc1402 earnestful?1406 rathe?c1450 zealing1459 increc1480 affectual1483 zealous1526 affectioneda1533 jealous1535 heartyc1540 affectivec1550 earnest1563 pricking1575 forward1587 affectionate1598 passiveless1602 zealful1602 full-hearteda1616 wholehearted1644 intense1645 high1649 covetous1652 thorough-hearted1656 keen as mustard1659 fell1667 fervent1673 smirk1674 zealed1679 prest1697 strenuous1713 enthusiastic1741 enthusiastical1755 whole-souled1821 con amore1828 lyrical1875 mustard1919 gung ho1942 1658 in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 6 The keenest mustard.] 1659 J. Howell Prov. Eng. Toung 18/2 in Παροιμιογραϕια As strong as Mustard. 1672 W. Walker Paroemiologia Anglo-Lat. 25/1 As keen as mustard. 1679 F. Smith Clod-pate's Ghost 4/2 You shall see a man as hot as Mustard against Plot and Plotters. a1732 J. Gay New Song Similes in Songs My passion is as mustard strong. 1852 C. J. Mathews Little Toddlekins 20 Capt. Littlepop: I've been obliged to..diet myself on stiff brandy and water. Brownsmith: Mahogany? I have got some,..black as coffee, strong as mustard. 1886 A. C. Hobart Sketches Life vi. 53 I returned, keen as mustard, to my ship. 1892 R. L. Stevenson & L. Osbourne Wrecker x. 161 The note of timidity offended me like a buffet; my temper rose as hot as mustard. 1916 ‘B. Cable’ Doing their Bit ii. 36 They get as keen as mustard on it. 1938 N. Marsh Artists in Crime ii. 13 He's as keen as mustard,..and he can talk of nothing but his work. 1991 M. Dibdin Dirty Tricks (BNC) 70 I have to say they're good. Sharp, hungry, keen as mustard. Thatcher's kids. c. slang (originally U.S.). Something which adds piquancy or zest; that which sets the standard or is the best of anything. to cut the mustard and variants: to come up to expectations, to meet requirements, to succeed. to be (to) the mustard: to be exactly what is required; to be very good or special. ΚΠ 1891 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 9 Apr. 4/3 They applied several coats of carmine hue and cut the mustard over all their predecessors. 1892 Galveston (Texas) Daily News 12 Sept. 7/3 Time will reveal that he cannot ‘cut the mustard’. 1903 A. Adams Log of Cowboy xv. 237 For fear they were not the proper mustard, he had that dog man sue him in court for the balance, so as to make him prove the pedigree. 1905 ‘H. McHugh’ You can search Me 17 Petroskinski is a discovery of mine, and he's all to the mustard. 1907 ‘O. Henry’ Heart of West x. 163 I looked around and found a proposition that exactly cut the mustard. 1922 C. Sandburg Slabs of Sunburnt West 7 Kid each other... Tell each other you're all to the mustard. 1930 P. G. Wodehouse Very Good, Jeeves iii. 70 Life at this juncture seemed pretty well all to the mustard. 1960 J. Mitford Hons & Rebels ix. 56 Perhaps I could get a job as a maid in somebody's house..but Idden convinced me I would never cut the mustard at this occupation. 1974 Citizen (Ottawa) 24 Aug. 78 What if I'm no good at it? What if I just can't cut the mustard? 1989 Daily Tel. 25 Nov. (Weekend Mag.) 31 The uniform does not cut much mustard there. d. to be mustard: (of a person) to be regarded as very sharp, keen, or accomplished in a particular sphere. Cf. hot stuff n. and adj. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > excellence > [verb (intransitive)] to be P and Q1612 to have everything1748 to hit the high spots1891 to be mustard1925 to be a box of birds1939 1925 E. Wallace King by Night ix. 41 That fellow is mustard. 1959 Times 19 June 16/3 He [sc. a batsman] is mustard on anything a trifle short of a length. 1966 L. Southworth Felon in Disguise ix. 131 He could see the couple and what they were doing. ‘Blimey, she's mustard,’ he thought. 1972 Daily Express 4 July 6/8 Britain is particularly hot on calculus. The Russians and the East Germans are mustard on the theory of numbers and on solid geometry. 1973 ‘B. Mather’ Snowline xix. 231 You can wash out South Africa... They're mustard there. You couldn't smuggle in a grain of wheat. 1989 Weekend Tel. 7 Jan. p. iv/7 One specialised in minor human ailments..while the other was absolute mustard on curing cattle to the great discomfit of the local vets. 4. a. Short for mustard gas n. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > fire, radiation, or chemical weapons > [noun] > gas poison gas1816 gas1897 mustard gas1917 tear-gas1917 yperite1917 mustard1918 phosgene1918 riot gas1930 war gas1934 nausea gas1936 nerve gas1940 tear-smoke1946 Sarin1951 Soman1951 pepper gas1968 stun gas1968 pepper spray1986 1918 Jrnl. Amer. Med. Assoc. 7 Dec. 1911/2 (heading) Mustard (yellow cross) burns. 1937 A. M. Prentiss Chemicals in War ii. 50 If sufficient effort is expended in finding more efficient ways of using it, mustard will undoubtedly yield far greater results. 1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) III. 44/2 Wet or perspiring skin absorbs more mustard than does dry skin. 1989 Air Pictorial Feb. 66/1 Another important decision was to limit types of gas to just phosgene and mustard or a similar blistering agent. b. Chemistry and Medicine. Any of a group of substances having alkylating properties and a structure typified by that of mustard gas.See also nitrogen mustard n. at nitrogen n. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > preparations treating or preventing specific ailments > [noun] > for tumour platinum blue1908 nitrogen mustard1943 mustard1945 piperoxan1950 melphalan1960 procarbazine1965 bleomycin1966 1945 Science 23 Nov. 518/2 The prevention or treatment of casualties due to this agent and to related substances, the nitrogen mustards, which had been developed since World War I, became a problem of prime importance when war threatened. 1964 Brit. Med. Bull. 20 91/1 The biological alkylating agents..include the sulphur and nitrogen mustards, epoxides, [etc.]. 1970 Nature 6 June 897/1 Quinacrine mustard makes part of the human Y chromosome fluoresce particularly brightly. 1990 Carcinogenesis 11 1399/2 This reactive, intermediate, a half sulfur mustard, is possibly rearranged to an episulfonium ion. B. adj. (attributive). †1. Resembling mustard; sharp, biting. Chiefly figurative. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1598 J. Marston Scourge of Villanie i. ii. sig. C2^v Sharp mustard rime To purge the snottery of our slimie time. 1619 H. Hutton Follie's Anat. sig. A7 Censures base whoredome, with a Mustard face, With a sowre pis-pot visage, doth disgrace A Ruffled Boote. 2. Of the colour of mustard; dark brownish yellow. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > zeal or enthusiasm > [adjective] needfulOE anguishous?c1225 eager?a1300 throc1330 fierce1377 desirousc1386 affectuousa1400 yeverousa1400 inwardc1402 earnestful?1406 rathe?c1450 zealing1459 increc1480 affectual1483 zealous1526 affectioneda1533 jealous1535 heartyc1540 affectivec1550 earnest1563 pricking1575 forward1587 affectionate1598 passiveless1602 zealful1602 full-hearteda1616 wholehearted1644 intense1645 high1649 covetous1652 thorough-hearted1656 keen as mustard1659 fell1667 fervent1673 smirk1674 zealed1679 prest1697 strenuous1713 enthusiastic1741 enthusiastical1755 whole-souled1821 con amore1828 lyrical1875 mustard1919 gung ho1942 the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [adjective] > brownish yellow ochry1567 olive-coloured1612 sand-coloured1627 shammy1661 buff-coloured1686 pea soup1703 ochreish1747 ochreous1761 buff1765 ochraceous1776 buff-colour1796 buffish1802 mustard-coloured1825 nankeen1838 buffy1842 ochre-coloured1845 mustardy1850 ochrous1877 buff-yellow1882 buff-washed1883 mustard1919 Sahara1923 wheaten1975 1919 J. Joyce Ulysses x. [Wandering Rocks] in Little Rev. June 43 She stared at the large poster of Marie Kendall,... Mustard hair and dauby cheeks. 1965 J. Gale Clean Young Englishman iii. 101 I wore my demobilisation suede shoes and a mustard ferreting coat. 1969 G. MacBeth War Quartet 60 I rose against a full moon, sharp in mustard light. 1988 Independent 21 Dec. 3/4 Miss Benson..was wearing a mustard top.., blue jeans. 2001 J. Wolcott Catsitters xlv. 287 Each parking garage had its own sentry box, where mustard light festered behind a wire-meshed window. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. † mustard-box n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1687 London Gaz. No. 2296/4 A Sugar Box, a Pepper Box, and a Mustard Box without mark. 1843 ‘R. Carlton’ New Purchase I. xv. 111 On some shelves,..plates, knives, fiddle, pepper-box, flute, mustard-box, [etc.]. † mustard-breaker n. Obsolete rare ΚΠ 1410 Will of Laurence Durem (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/2A) f. 162^v Mustard brekers. mustard flour n. ΚΠ 1846 Amer. Whig Rev. 4 201 (table) Mustard flour, the cwt...6s. 0d. 1884 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 113/1 The mustard papers commonly used as rubefacients and vesicants are made from mustard flour entirely deprived of its fixed oil. 1996 R. Mabey Flora Britannica 154/2 The seeds of cultivated varieties are ground to make mustard flour. mustard-maker n. [earliest attested as a surname] ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > seasoning > [noun] > maker of mustard mustard-maker1303 1303 in Nottingham Borough Court Rolls (Notts. Archives MS CA 1251a) Daniel le Mustardmaker. 1533 T. More Debellacyon Salem & Bizance i. i. f. xiiii A mustarde [1557 musterde] maker in Cambrydge. 1870 Boyd's Business Directory N.Y. State 710 Gavenesch Joseph, mustard maker. 1988 Intelligencer (Doylestown, Pa.) 27 Apr. e5/2 Mustard makers combine seeds to get the flavor they want. mustard powder n. ΚΠ 1869 Littell's Living Age 101 627 Rigollot's mustard leaves..are apparently nothing else than strong mustard powder spread on paper. 1989 R. Moon Delicatessen (BNC) 31 It [sc. vinaigrette] can be varied by the addition of freshly chopped herbs, mustard powder, lemon juice or garlic. † mustard quern n. Obsolete ΚΠ 1356 in H. T. Riley Memorials London (1868) 284 Mustarde quernes. 1410–12 in N. H. Nicolas Hist. Royal Navy (1847) II. 475 Un petit batell foible appelle la cokke, ii. peires susters, iii. boltes de fer p^r trussyng, une mustardquerne. 1481 Petty Customs Acct. in H. S. Cobb Overseas Trade of London (1990) 183 [2½ lasts] mustarde quernes. 1558 in E. Roberts & K. Parker Southampton Probate Inventories, 1447–1575 (1992) I. 96 A mustard queren and a morter of stone, xxd. 1632 in G. R. Batho Househ. Papers H. Percy (1962) 124 A paire of muster quernes. 1694 W. Salmon Pharmacopœia Bateana i. iii. 149/2 Let them be ground in a Mustard-Quern. 1711 E. Freke Diary 18 Oct. in Jrnl. Cork Hist. & Archaeol. Soc. (1912) 18 209 1 paire of Mustard Quarnes. mustard spoon n. ΚΠ 1777 N.-Y. Gaz. & Weekly Mercury 6 Jan. 4/3 (advt.) Ivory and horn combs,..Marrow and mustard spoons. 1825 W. Wheeler Let. 21 Oct. (1951) 252 The papa stood with the silver cup in one hand and a small silver spoon resembling a mustard spoon in the other. 1989 Miller's Collectables Price Guide 1989–90 367/1–2 A pair of silver plated mustard spoons. mustard spoonful n. ΚΠ 1890 Internat. Ann. Anthonys Photogr. Bull. 195 About a mustard spoonful of dry pyro. b. mustard-coloured adj. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > yellow or yellowness > [adjective] > brownish yellow ochry1567 olive-coloured1612 sand-coloured1627 shammy1661 buff-coloured1686 pea soup1703 ochreish1747 ochreous1761 buff1765 ochraceous1776 buff-colour1796 buffish1802 mustard-coloured1825 nankeen1838 buffy1842 ochre-coloured1845 mustardy1850 ochrous1877 buff-yellow1882 buff-washed1883 mustard1919 Sahara1923 wheaten1975 1825 M. J. Jewsbury Phantasmagoria I. 30 ‘Views of the Lakes’ that dazzle your eyes with stone blue mountains, and mustard coloured sunsets. 1910 Blackwood's Mag. Jan. 113/1 In the dreadful mustard-coloured uniform and pork-pie cap which the Government has ordained for these unusually fat servants. 2002 A. Swaffer et al. Austral. Handbk. 531 The mustard-coloured, art-deco Cott[esloe] has an ocean-facing balcony. mustard-keen adj. ΚΠ 1935 G. Heyer Death in Stocks iii. 29 I'd had a letter from Arnold, and they were instantly mustard-keen to see it. 1983 Listener 3 Nov. 16/3 Tony Wilson..is mustard-keen on the importance of the region. C2. mustard ball n. †(a) mustard shaped into a small ball (obsolete); (b) English regional a lead ball used to crush mustard seeds. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > additive > spice > [noun] > mustard seed > mustard ball mustard ball1645 1645–6 in D. G. Vaisey Probate Inventories Lichfield & District 1568–1680 64 A muster ball. 1679 T. Oates True Narr. Horrid Plot 48 The Deponent saith, that by Tewxbury Mustard-balls, we are to understand, Fire-balls. 1739 in M. Bodfish Probate Inventories Smethwick Residents 1647–1747 (1992) 85 One Iron morter & pestill & mustard ball. 1888 S. O. Addy Gloss. Words Sheffield 154 Mustard-ball, a leaden ball used in making sauce from sorrel and in bruising mustard seeds, &c. mustard beetle n. either of two blue leaf beetles, Phaedon cochleariae and P. armoraciae, which are destructive to mustard and other plants of the family Brassicaceae ( Cruciferae). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Phytophaga or Chrysomeloidea > family Chrysomelidae > mustard beetle black jack1883 mustard beetle1886 1886 Standard 24 May 2/1 The mustard beetle (Phædon betulæ), commonly known as the Black Jack. 1959 E. F. Linssen Beetles Brit. Isles II. 157 The genus [Phaedon] comprises destructive beetles, such as the Mustard Beetle, which is particularly destructive to mustard grown for seed. 1992 Jrnl. Appl. Entomol. 114 510 The performance of the mustard beetle..treated orally and topically with a range of foliar fungicides was assessed. mustard-bowl n. now historical a wooden bowl in which mustard seeds are pounded, used proverbially with reference to its use as an instrument for producing stage thunder. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > setting table > table utensils > [noun] > table-vessels > dish or plate > cup, bowl, or basin > other types of cup, bowl, or basin custard cup1670 mustard-bowl1674 rice bowl1828 tou1899 society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > the theatre or the stage > a theatre > theatrical equipment or accessories > [noun] > machinery for effects > for thunder mustard-bowl1674 thunder-trunk1767 thunder-drum1807 thundering-machine1826 bronteon1849 crash1891 thunder-sheet1913 thunder run1944 1674 T. Duffett Empress of Morocco Epilogue 30 Thunder and lightning is dicover'd, not behind Painted Tiffany..but openly, by..way of Mustard bowl, and Salt-Peter. 1709 Tatler No. 42. 13 A Mustard-Bowl to make Thunder with. 1728 A. Pope Dunciad ii. 206 'Tis yours to shake the soul With Thunder rumbling from the mustard-bowl. 1976–7 18th-cent. Stud. 10 219 Gaudy hangings are waved about and jerked down, mustard-bowl thunder is heard. mustard bush n. Australian any of several Australian plants; esp. an almost leafless shrub, Apophyllum anomulum (family Capparaceae), with fragrant yellow flowers and shoots that taste like mustard. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > non-British trees or shrubs > Australasian trees > [noun] > other Australasian trees or shrubs burrawang1826 water gum1826 kaikomako1832 karaka1834 kawa-kawa1838 peppermint1838 bottle tree1844 ngaio1849 Grevillea1853 red birch1853 wooden pear1860 muskwood1866 sugar-tree1866 tulip-tree1866 hop-bush1883 mock orange1884 mountain beech1884 sage tree1884 tile-seed1884 mutton-bird scrub1889 red birch1889 silver-tree1889 whalebone-tree1889 budda1890 camphor laurel1894 pepperbush1895 mustard bush1898 willow myrtle1898 pigeon wood1899 horizontal scrub1909 turkey-bush1911 pandani1923 mock orange1929 1898 D. W. Carnegie Spinifex & Sand 179 Little clumps of what is locally termed ‘mustard bush’, so named from the strong flavour of the leaf. 1933 Bulletin (Sydney) 7 June 25/2 Another hardy northwesterner is the mustard bush. It is of dwarf habit, with a dense growth of leaves relished by sheep. 1965 Austral. Encycl. II. 263/1 The mustard-bush or mustard-tree (Apophyllum anomalum). 1980 Verbatim Spring 6/1 Desert scenes of..dusty mustard bushes sprinkled about with brilliant yellow flowers beneath the clear, blue April sky. † mustard cloth n. Obsolete a cloth coated with mustard powder and used as a mustard plaster. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for treating wound or ulcer > [noun] > poultice, plaster, or compress plasterOE clydec1325 emplastera1382 entretea1400 pottagea1400 poulticea1400 faldellac1400 treatc1400 Gratia Dei?a1425 magdaleon?a1425 strictorya1425 grace of Godc1450 emplastrum?1541 malagma?1541 sparadrap1543 spasmadrap?a1547 plasture?1550 mustard plaster1562 cataplasm1563 oint-plaster1578 quilt1583 compress1599 compression1599 diachylum-plaster1599 pulment1599 pulvinar1599 frontlet1600 sinapism1601 epithemation1615 diapalma1646 opodeldoc1646 attraction1656 treacle plaster1659 melilot emplaster1676 stay1676 oxycroceum1696 melilot plaster1712 adhesive1753 bag1753 mustard poultice1765 soap plaster1789 water dressing1830 poor man's plaster1833 compressor1851 spongiopiline1851 vinegar-poultice1854 water-strapping1854 pitch-plaster1858 jacket poultice1862 mustard leaf1869 mustard paper1874 piline1874 plaster-mull1890 mustard cloth1897 plaster-muslin1899 antiphlogistin1901 1897 Trans. Amer. Pediatric Soc. 9 101 He applied warm mustard cloths to the body and extremities. mustard greens n. chiefly U.S. the leaves of mustard plants (chiefly varieties of Brassica juncea), used as a cooked vegetable. ΚΠ 1932 A. L. Winton et al. Struct. & Composition Foods II. 242 In the table below, the average of three analyses..is of mustard greens, grown in Georgia, presumably from B. japonica. 1942 Marketing of Greens 45 In New York City, the equivalent of 308 carloads of mustard greens was received in 1939. 1957 S. Bellow in Holiday Sept. 104/2 The stores sell fat back, collard greens, mustard greens, and black-eyed peas. 1991 Amer. Horticulturist Nov. 15/1 Chinese mustard greens (Brassica juncea) are delicious greens with a less pungent taste than most American mustard greens. † mustard leaf n. Obsolete = mustard paper n. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for treating wound or ulcer > [noun] > poultice, plaster, or compress plasterOE clydec1325 emplastera1382 entretea1400 pottagea1400 poulticea1400 faldellac1400 treatc1400 Gratia Dei?a1425 magdaleon?a1425 strictorya1425 grace of Godc1450 emplastrum?1541 malagma?1541 sparadrap1543 spasmadrap?a1547 plasture?1550 mustard plaster1562 cataplasm1563 oint-plaster1578 quilt1583 compress1599 compression1599 diachylum-plaster1599 pulment1599 pulvinar1599 frontlet1600 sinapism1601 epithemation1615 diapalma1646 opodeldoc1646 attraction1656 treacle plaster1659 melilot emplaster1676 stay1676 oxycroceum1696 melilot plaster1712 adhesive1753 bag1753 mustard poultice1765 soap plaster1789 water dressing1830 poor man's plaster1833 compressor1851 spongiopiline1851 vinegar-poultice1854 water-strapping1854 pitch-plaster1858 jacket poultice1862 mustard leaf1869 mustard paper1874 piline1874 plaster-mull1890 mustard cloth1897 plaster-muslin1899 antiphlogistin1901 1869 Littell's Living Age 101 627 Rigollot's mustard leaves, says the Medical Press and Circular, are apparently nothing else than strong mustard powder spread on paper. 1900 E. C. E. Lückes Gen. Nursing (ed. 2) x. 129 Mustard leaves that are procured from a chemist are nearly always used now in preference to plasters. † mustard mill n. [compare post-classical Latin mola pro mustardo (1314 in a British source); compare also Middle French moulin a moustarde (late 14th cent.; French moulin à moutarde)] Obsolete a mill for grinding mustard seeds. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > grinder > for spices pepper-quernOE mustard stone1481 spice mortar1560 mustard mill1588 pepper mill1631 pepper grinder1859 spice mill1862 1588 in Great Reclothing of Rural Eng. (1984) App. 175 A mustard myll 1s 8d. 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Macinella, a little mustard mill for a kitchin. 1609 Euerie Woman in her Humor sig. B2 I had as leef haue heard the grinding of a Mustard Mill. 1673 in G. F. Dow Probate Rec. Essex County, Mass. (1917) II. 372 One Mustard Mill, 2s 6d. 1789 Suffolk Inventory in Notes & Queries (1947) 18 Oct. 449/2 A mustard mill, frying pan. mustard oil n. a volatile oil obtained from crushed seeds of black mustard, used medicinally as a counterirritant; (Chemistry) allyl isothiocyanate, the chief component of this oil, or a structurally related compound. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > other plant-derived oils oil de baya1398 oil roseta1400 alkitranc1400 laurinec1400 oil of spicac1400 seed oil1400 rape oil1420 nut-oil?c1425 masticine?1440 oil de rose?1440 oil of myrtine?a1450 gingellya1544 rose oil1552 alchitrean1562 oil of spike1577 oil of ben1594 myrtle oil1601 sesamus1601 sampsuchine1616 oil of walnuts1622 rape1641 oil of rhodium1649 rapeseed oil1652 neroli1676 oil of mace1681 spirit of scurvy-grass1682 beech-oil1716 poppy oil1737 castor oil1746 oil of sassafras1753 orange-peel oil1757 wood-oil1759 bergamot1766 sunflower oil1768 Russia oil1773 oil castor1779 tung-yu1788 poppy-seed oil1799 cocoa butter1801 sassafras oil1801 phulwara1805 oil of wine1807 grass oil1827 oil of marjoram1829 cajuput oil1832 essence of mustarda1834 picamar1835 spurge oil1836 oenanthic ether1837 tea oil1837 capnomor1838 cinnamon-oil1838 oil of mustard1838 orange-flower oil1838 resinein1841 mustard oil1844 myrrhol1845 styrol1845 oenanthol1847 shea butter1847 wintergreen1847 gaultheria oil1848 ginger-grass oil.1849 nutmeg oil1849 pine oil1849 peppermint oil1850 cocoa fat1851 orange oil1853 neem oil1856 poonga oil1857 xanthoxylene1857 crab-oil1858 illupi oil1858 Shanghai oil1861 stand oil1862 mustard-seed oil1863 carap oilc1865 cocum butter or oilc1865 Kurung oil1866 muduga oil1866 pichurim oil1866 serpolet1866 sumbul oil1868 sesame oil1870 niger oil1872 summer yellow1872 olibene1873 patchouli oil1875 pilocarpene1876 styrolene1881 tung oil1881 becuiba tallow1884 soy oil1884 tea-seed oil1884 eucalyptus1885 sage oil1888 hop-oil1889 cotton-seed oil1891 lemon oil1896 palmarosa oil1897 illipe butter1904 hydnocarpus oil1905 tung1911 niger seed oil1917 sun oil1937 vanaspati1949 fennel oil- 1844 G. Fownes Man. Elem. Chem. 500 Mustard-oil. 1888 Sat. Rev. 11 Aug. 174 And what is a fish or a vegetable curry without mustard-oil? 1907 A. J. Walker & O. E. Mott tr. A. F. Holleman Text-bk. Org. Chem. (ed. 2) I. 323 The isothiocyanic esters are also called mustard-oils after allyl isothiocyanate, to which the odour and taste of mustard-seeds are due. 1996 Guardian 4 Dec. ii. 17/2 Mustard oil is a very effective mosquito repellent when applied to exposed skin. † mustard paper n. Obsolete paper coated with mustard powder and used as a mustard plaster. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > equipment for treating wound or ulcer > [noun] > poultice, plaster, or compress plasterOE clydec1325 emplastera1382 entretea1400 pottagea1400 poulticea1400 faldellac1400 treatc1400 Gratia Dei?a1425 magdaleon?a1425 strictorya1425 grace of Godc1450 emplastrum?1541 malagma?1541 sparadrap1543 spasmadrap?a1547 plasture?1550 mustard plaster1562 cataplasm1563 oint-plaster1578 quilt1583 compress1599 compression1599 diachylum-plaster1599 pulment1599 pulvinar1599 frontlet1600 sinapism1601 epithemation1615 diapalma1646 opodeldoc1646 attraction1656 treacle plaster1659 melilot emplaster1676 stay1676 oxycroceum1696 melilot plaster1712 adhesive1753 bag1753 mustard poultice1765 soap plaster1789 water dressing1830 poor man's plaster1833 compressor1851 spongiopiline1851 vinegar-poultice1854 water-strapping1854 pitch-plaster1858 jacket poultice1862 mustard leaf1869 mustard paper1874 piline1874 plaster-mull1890 mustard cloth1897 plaster-muslin1899 antiphlogistin1901 1874 A. B. Garrod & E. B. Baxter Essentials Materia Medica (ed. 4) 209 Mustard Paper. mustard shrub n. a pungent tropical American shrub, Capparis cynophallophora (family Capparaceae). ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > thorny berry-bush > [noun] > caper and allies capera1382 dog bramble1567 dog's apple1567 mustard shrub1756 rat-bean1879 caper-plant1882 1756 P. Browne Civil & Nat. Hist. Jamaica ii. ii. 247 The Mustard Shrub... This plant is..strongly impregnated with an acrid volatile salt, like most of the mustard tribe, among whom it ought to be placed. 1914 W. Fawcett & A. B. Rendle Flora Jamaica III. 233 Mustard shrub... The plant has a pungent smell and taste, whence the common name. † mustard stone n. Scottish Obsolete a stone on or with which to pound mustard seeds. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > grinder > for spices pepper-quernOE mustard stone1481 spice mortar1560 mustard mill1588 pepper mill1631 pepper grinder1859 spice mill1862 1481 Petty Customs Acct. in H. S. Cobb Overseas Trade of London (1990) (modernized text) 70 From the ship of Thomas Titmer... 48 millstones, 6 mustard stones, £26 13s. 4d. 1568 (a1500) Freiris Berwik 532 in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1930) IV. 276 He wes sa ferce he fell owttour þe sek And brak his heid vpoun ane mustard stane. 1635 Edinb. Test. LVII. f. 225, in Dict. Older Sc. Tongue at Mustard-stane Ane mustard stone price thairof xxiiij s. † mustard-token n. Obsolete a token issued and redeemed by a mustard seller in lieu of small change; also used as a term of contempt connoting worthlessness. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > condition of being held in contempt > [noun] > state or quality of being contemptible > contemptible person wormc825 wretchOE thingOE hinderlingc1175 harlot?c1225 mixa1300 villain1303 whelpc1330 wonnera1340 bismera1400 vilec1400 beasta1425 creaturec1450 dog bolt1465 fouling?a1475 drivel1478 shit1508 marmoset1523 mammeta1529 pilgarlica1529 pode1528 slave1537 slim1548 skit-brains?1553 grasshopper1556 scavenger1563 old boss1566 rag1566 shrub1566 ketterela1572 shake-rag1571 skybala1572 mumpsimus1573 smatchetc1582 squib1586 scabship1589 vassal1589 baboon1592 Gibraltar1593 polecat1593 mushroom1594 nodc1595 cittern-head1598 nit1598 stockfish1598 cum-twang1599 dish-wash1599 pettitoe1599 mustard-token1600 viliaco1600 cargo1602 stump1602 snotty-nose1604 sprat1605 wormling1605 brock1607 dogfly?1611 shag-rag1611 shack-rag1612 thrum1612 rabbita1616 fitchock1616 unworthy1616 baseling1618 shag1620 glow-worm1624 snip1633 the son of a worm1633 grousea1637 shab1637 wormship1648 muckworm1649 whiffler1659 prig1679 rotten egg1686 prigster1688 begged fool1693 hang-dog1693 bugger1694 reptile1697 squinny1716 snool1718 ramscallion1734 footer1748 jackass1756 hallion1789 skite1790 rattlesnake1791 snot1809 mudworm1814 skunk1816 stirrah1816 spalpeen1817 nyaff1825 skin1825 weed1825 tiger1827 beggar1834 despicability1837 squirt1844 prawn1845 shake1846 white mouse1846 scurf1851 sweep1853 cockroach1856 bummer1857 medlar1859 cunt1860 shuck1862 missing link1863 schweinhund1871 creepa1876 bum1882 trashbag1886 tinhorn1887 snot-rag1888 rodent1889 whelpling1889 pie eatera1891 mess1891 schmuck1892 fucker1893 cheapskate1894 cocksucker1894 gutter-bird1896 perisher1896 skate1896 schmendrick1897 nyamps1900 ullage1901 fink1903 onion1904 punk1904 shitepoke1905 tinhorn sport1906 streeler1907 zob1911 stink1916 motherfucker1918 Oscar1918 shitass1918 shit-face1923 tripe-hound1923 gimp1924 garbage can1925 twerp1925 jughead1926 mong1926 fuck?1927 arsehole1928 dirty dog1928 gazook1928 muzzler1928 roach1929 shite1929 mook1930 lug1931 slug1931 woodchuck1931 crud1932 dip1932 bohunkus1933 lint-head1933 Nimrod1933 warb1933 fuck-piga1935 owl-hoot1934 pissant1935 poot1935 shmegegge1937 motheree1938 motorcycle1938 squiff1939 pendejo1940 snotnose1941 jerkface1942 slag1943 yuck1943 fuckface?1945 fuckhead?1945 shit-head1945 shite-hawk1948 schlub1950 asswipe1953 mother1955 weenie1956 hard-on1958 rass hole1959 schmucko1959 bitch ass1961 effer1961 lamer1961 arsewipe1962 asshole1962 butthole1962 cock1962 dipshit1963 motherfuck1964 dork1965 bumhole1967 mofo1967 tosspot1967 crudball1968 dipstick1968 douche1968 frickface1968 schlong1968 fuckwit1969 rassclaat1969 ass1970 wank1970 fecker1971 wanker1971 butt-fucker1972 slimeball1972 bloodclaat1973 fuckwad1974 mutha1974 suck1974 cocksuck1977 tosser1977 plank1981 sleazebag1981 spastic1981 dweeb1982 bumboclaat1983 dickwad1983 scuzzbag1983 sleazeball1983 butt-face1984 dickweed1984 saddie1985 butt plug1986 jerkweed1988 dick-sucker1989 microcephalic1989 wankstain1990 sadster1992 buttmunch1993 fanny1995 jackhole1996 fassyhole1997 fannybaws2000 fassy2002 society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > discount > [noun] > tokens or stamps mustard-token1600 trading stamp1896 stamp1933 1600 T. Dekker Shomakers Holiday sig. B4^v Peace you crackt groates, you mustard tokens, disquiet not the braue souldier. 1622 T. Dekker & P. Massinger Virgin Martir ii. sig. F Ile rather part from the fat of them, then from a mustard-tokens worth of Argent. † mustard vomit n. Obsolete an emetic containing mustard. ΚΠ 1737 A. Monro in Med. Ess. Edinb. (ed. 2) II. 303 Her Disease seemed..at last to be almost cured by the Use of Mustard Vomits. 1786 J. Woodforde Diary 16 Aug. (1926) II. 263 She took a mustard Vomit this Evening and Rhubarb after. mustard weevil n. a weevil of the genus Ceutorhynchus, destructive to the white mustard plant. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Coleoptera or beetles and weevils > [noun] > Polyphaga (omnivorous) > superfamily Curculionoidea or Rhyncophora > family Curculionidae or genus Curculio > ceutorhyncus contractus (mustard weevil) mustard weevil1893 1893 Times 5 June 8/2 Miss E. A. Ormerod issues a note of warning that we are likely to have this year a widespread attack of the mustard weevil. 1984 Ecology 65 1380 A mustard weevil, Ceutorhynchus pusio (Curculionidae). † mustard whey n. Obsolete a medicinal preparation consisting of the liquid obtained by boiling mustard seeds in a mixture of milk and water. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > milk drinks > [noun] rice milk1620 whig1684 leban1695 saloop1728 sack-whey1736 celery whey1761 mustard whey1769 wine whey1769 Scotch chocolate1785 whey-whig1811 chocolate milk1819 horchata1859 tamarind-whey1883 milk shake1886 Horlick1891 lassi1894 Ovaltine1906 shake1909 malt1942 malted1945 the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medical preparations of specific origin > medicine composed of a plant > [noun] > general plant-derived medicines savineOE liquoricec1275 verjuice1302 sandragon1334 sugar roset1363 acaciaa1398 agnus castusa1398 sebestenc1400 socotrine aloesa1425 tapsimelc1425 valencec1425 aconitum?a1450 hypericum1471 cassia1543 guaiacum1553 guaiac1558 butcher's broom1578 solanum1578 liquorice-stick1580 symphonia1597 tabasheer1598 diascord1605 orange-bead1626 oxymel of squills1654 Japonic earth1673 terebinthina1693 terebinthinate1696 pareira brava1698 rhabarbarate1716 Japan earth1718 buglossate1725 squill1725 phytolacca1730 nettle juice1747 xanthoxyloïn1767 mustard whey1769 Jesuits' drops1783 digitalis1785 arnica1788 mel-rose1790 gallic acid1791 valerian1794 sacred elixir1797 drosera1801 Spanish juice1803 mudar1819 sabadilla1821 parillin1825 mudarin1829 salicin1830 sang1843 peppermint camphor1854 pareira1855 savanilla1856 euonymin1862 menthol1862 phytolaccin1864 alstonia1868 agoniadin1870 guimauve1870 gelsemium1875 iridin1879 hazeline1880 tub-camphor1880 echinacea1887 jacaranda1887 hamamelin1890 quillain1890 vieirin1893 thiolin1894 mentha camphor1902 hamamelis1910 phytohaemagglutinin1949 adaptogen1966 the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines of specific form > medicinal potion or draught > [noun] > specific barley waterc1320 metheglinc1450 wood-drink1611 nectarine1628 nectar1684 mechoacan-ale1696 clary-wine1727 celery whey1761 mustard whey1769 tar-beer1857 treacle-posset1876 1769 W. Buchan Domest. Med. ii. 227 Mustard whey..is made by tying in a linen rag a table-spoonful of common mustard bruised, and boiling it a little in half an English pint of water, with an equal quantity of milk. 1780 G. W. Beekman Let. 22 Nov. in Beekman Mercantile Papers (1956) III. 1379 I am a Going to Take the Musterd Way for my Rughmattick Pains. 1802 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 8 11 A glass of mustard whey, at times, is a good nutritive irritant. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). mustardv. Brit. /ˈmʌstəd/, U.S. /ˈməstərd/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: mustard n. Etymology: < mustard n. Compare French moutarder (1845). Compare earlier mustarding n. transitive. To spread with mustard. Also with up. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation for table or cooking > seasoning > season [verb (transitive)] > flavour in other ways saffronc1386 milk?a1565 hop1572 juniperate1605 beginger1611 macea1634 caryophyllate1651 fruit1736 onion1755 mustard1851 clove1883 lemon1883 herb1922 sherry1970 1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 227/1 This sort of meat, sometimes profusely mustarded, is often eaten in the beer-shops with thick ‘shives’ of bread. 1856 P. H. Gosse Tenby vii. 67 But it is easier to say that than to do it, when the sandwiches are cut and mustarded, and the chicken-pie is in the basket. 1978 Washington Post (Nexis) 5 Mar. (Mag. section) 51 It is hard to stop. Once you have mustarded your whole dinner, you find yourself wondering about dessert possibilities. 1993 San Francisco Chron. (Nexis) 23 Mar. b3 Barton finally took a big hunk of No. 2, jammed it into a piece of bun, mustarded it up and proclaimed it passable. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1289v.1851
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mustardn.adj.

Compounds

mustardv.